1389-90اسدپور 1

Health Promotion

(ارتقاء سالمت)

تاريخچه ارتقاء سالمت

1974سال كانادا بهداشت وزير بيانيه-1 1978 سال قزاقستان تا آ لما آ المللي بين كنفرانس-2 1986سال كانادا وا اتا المللي بين كنفرانس-3 1988 سال استراليا آداليد المللي بين كنفرانس-4 1991 سال سوئد ساندزوال المللي بين كنفرانس-5 1996 سال اندونزي جاكارتا المللي بين كنفرانس-6 2000 سال مكزيك سيتي يكو مكز المللي بين كنفرانس-7

آب, تغذيه, محلي, حمايت از خدمات بهداشتي مشاركت اجتماعي و آموزش بهداشت,سالم

2000بهداشت براي همه تا سال

1978قزاقستان -آلما آتا

مفاهيم ارتقاء سالمت

1986اتاوا سال -كانادا اولين كنفرانس بين المللي ارتقاء سالمت

تدوين سياستهاي عمومي براي ارتقاء سالمت

1988آداليد سال -استراليا دومين كنفرانس بين المللي ارتقاء

سالمت

ايجاد محيط هاي حمايتي و پشتيباني براي ارتقاء سالمت

1991ساندزوال سال -سوئد سومين كنفرانس بين المللي ارتقاء سالمت

1996جاكارتا سال –اندونزي چهارمين كنفرانس بين المللي ارتقاء سالمت

ايجاد سياست عمومي مرتبط با سالمتي براي قرن جديد

پر كردن شكاف نابرابري: ارتقاء سالمت

2000مکزيکو سيتي -مکزيکپنجمين كنفرانس بين المللي ارتقا

سالمت

The first International Conference on

Health Promotion, meeting in

Ottawa

21st day of November 1986

Reunited government health representatives

from nearly all the world's countries. The

conference led to the development of the

'Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion'.

Ottawa Charter: Pre-requisites for Health (WHO,

1986)

Peace...shelter....education...

Food...income

Stable eco-system

Sustainable resources

Social justice

Equity

معنای ارتقای سالمت

تا را بدنهايشان و اذهان باشند قادر مردم يعني سالمت ارتقاي كنند حفظ آل ايده شرايط در باشد ممكن كه زمانيكنند حفظ را سالمتشان چگونه بدانند مردم يعني هاي شيوه رعايت كه كنند زندگي شرايطي تحت آنها يعني

باشد عملي سالم زندگيكشورشان در و جامعه ، خانه در گيري تصميم قدرت آنها يعني

، توسعه مباحث با كه جايي المللي، بين مؤسسات در همينطور و ) . باشند داشته را ( روبرويند سرمايه يا سالمت ، تجارت

What is Health Promotion?

It is the process of enabling people to increase

control over and improve their health. (Ottawa

H.P. Charter).

It is a process which empowers families and

communities to improve their quality of life, and

achieve and maintain health and wellness.

It emphasizes not only prevention of disease but

the promotion of positive good health.

What is Health Promotion?

Health promotion is any combination of

health, education, economic, political, spiritual

or organizational initiative designed to bring

about positive attitudinal, behavioral, social or

environmental changes conducive to

improving the health of populations.

فرمول ساده ارتقاي سالمت

سياست هاي همگاني و اقدامات محيطي

خدمات بهداشتي مناسب

آموزش سالمت + +

The Ottawa Charter

Outlined the five key elements included in health

promotion:

Healthy Public Policy.

Personal Skills Development.

Community Participation.

Healthy and Supportive Environments.

Re-organization of Health Services.

Improvement in Health Requires the

following basic processes (Ottawa

Charter)

ADVOCACY

ENABLING

MEDIATING

Advocating

Good health is a major resource for social,

economic and personal development and an

important dimension of quality of life.

Political, economic, social, cultural,

environmental, behavioral and biological factors

can all favor health or be harmful to it.

Health promotion action aims at making these

conditions favorable through advocacy for

health.

Enabling Health promotion focuses on achieving equity in

health.

Health promotion action aims at reducing differences in current health status and ensuring equal opportunities and resources to enable all people to achieve their fullest health potential.

Includes a secure foundation in a supportive environment, access to information, life skills and opportunities for making healthy choices.

People cannot achieve their fullest health potential unless they are able to take control of those things which determine their health.

Must apply equally to women and men.

Mediating

The prerequisites and prospects for health cannot be ensured by the health sector alone.

More importantly, health promotion demands coordinated action by all concerned: by governments, by health and other social and economic sectors, by nongovernmental and voluntary organization, by local authorities, by industry and by the media.

The Health Promotion Triad

Health Education

Health Protection

Prevention

PREVENTION

THREE LEVELS

Primary

Secondary

Tertiary

PRIMARY PREVENTION

- Action taken to avert the

occurrence of disease

J. Thomas Butler, 2001

-Interventions:

o Medical

o Legislative

o Societal

o Educational

o Individual efforts

SECONDARY PREVENTION

- Action taken to identify

diseases at their earliest stages

and to apply appropriate

treatments to limit their

consequences and severity.

J. Thomas Butler, 2001

TERTIARY PREVENTION

- Specific interventions to assist

diseased or disabled persons in

limiting the effects of their

diseases or disabilities; also may

include activities to prevent

recurrences of a disease.

J. Thomas Butler, 2001

Prevention

Prevention

Medical

Legislative

Societal Educational

Individual Efforts

HEALTH EDUCATION

- Planned process,

- Combines a variety of educational

experiences, and

- Facilitates voluntary adaptations

or establishment of behaviour

conducive to health

J. Thomas Butler, 2001

HEALTH EDUCATION

- Aims primarily at the voluntary

actions people can take on their

own part, individually or

collectively, for their own health

or the health of others and the

common good of the community

Greene & Kreuter, 1999

HEALTH PROTECTION

- Comprises legal or fiscal controls,

other regulation policies, and

voluntary codes of practice, aimed

at the enhancement of positive

health and the prevention of ill-

health

J. Thomas Butler, 2001

HEALTH PROTECTION

MISSION – reduce the likelihood

that people will encounter

environmental hazards or behave

in unsafe or unhealthy ways.

Downie, Tannahill, & Tannahill, 1996

Strategies of Health Promotion

Educational Interventions

Organizational Interventions

Political/ Legislative Interventions

Community and Social Interventions

Economic Interventions

Educational Interventions

Stress management classes for middle-

management employees in the workplace

Mail-outs to the public describing positive steps

a person can take to reduce exposure to HIV

Educational programs designed to reduce

personal vulnerability to crime

Primary school programs to develop the skills to

cope with peer pressure

Organizational Interventions

Annual hearing and vision screening in

schools

Automobile, bicycle, and firearm safety

programs conducted by law enforcement

agencies

Development of support groups by

nonprofit organizations and facilities

that provide services to people with

special needs

Political/ Legislative

Interventions Passage of laws requiring use of helmets while

riding motorcycles and bicycles

Legislation requiring environmental polluters to

measure their pollution and implement effective

plans to reduce the pollution

Fluoridation of the water supply

Regulations requiring agencies and companies to

monitor air pollution and governmental actions to

reduce it

Regulations aimed at reducing youth access to

tobacco products and alcohol

Community and Social

Interventions

Organization and training of out of school

youth to reduce vulnerability to sex or drug

crimes

Formation of neighborhood walking clubs

Health fairs at shopping malls

Establishment of a school health council

made up of members of the community to

encourage healthy lifestyles in children

band a healthy environment in the school

Economic Interventions

Incentives from insurance

companies to those who practice

healthy lifestyles

Incentives from employers to

employees who stay healthy and do

not miss work

نه تنها با قدرت.قرار خواهند گرفت قضاوتروزي خواهد آمد كه ملتها مورد

نظامي يا اقتصاديشان و نه فقط با شكوه وجـالل پايتختهـا وســاختمـانهـاي

:سر به فلك كشيده شان ، بلكه

مردمشان رفاهبا

با بهداشــت ، تغــذيه و تحصيـالت

براي زحماتشان دستمزد مناسبفرصت بدست آوردن با

در تصميم گيريهايي كه برزندگيشان تاثير مــي گذارد شــركتبا قـدرت

آزادي هاي مدني وسياسيشان قائل مي شوند كه براي احتــرامـي با

از آنهايي وضع شده كه آسيب پذير و بي بهره اند حمايتبا قوانيني كه براي

وبدنهاي درحال رشد كودكانشان انجام شده است كه از افكار محافظتيو با .

به اميد آن روز

خدا قوت

1392آذر ماه -دكتر ديدارلو سمينار آموزشي ارتقاء سالمت و مفاهيم كاربردي آن براي

كارشناسان ستادي حوزه معاونت بهداشتي دانشگاه علوم پزشكي اروميه