Town Tree Plan –Seaspray

& The Honeysuckles

2016

W e l l i n g t o n S h i r e C o u n c i l

1 8 D e s a i l l y S t S a l e

1 3 0 0 3 6 6 2 4 4

e n q u i r e s @ w e l l i n g t o n . v i c . g o v . a u

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Certified by the Chief Executive Officer in accordance with Section 55D of the Local Government Act 1989. Authorised by D. Morcom, Chief Executive Officer, Wellington Shire Council, 18 Desailly Street, Sale VIC 3850.

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Town Tree Plan – Seaspray & The

Honeysuckles

Introduction In contrast to other Town Tree Plans, this plan encompasses two towns; Seaspray and the nearby hamlet of The Honeysuckles. The addition of The Honeysuckles was the result of a request from the Seaspray Ratepayers Association. Because of the significant environmental and character differences in each area, most sections of this plan will have each town addressed separately.

Street trees are dominant features in any urban area and influence the character and amenity at both the individual street level and the greater town level. The purpose of this plan is to create and commit to a long-term sustainable vision for the character and amenity of Seaspray & The Honeysuckles by having a plan of how street trees will be managed over the next 50 years. This will be arrived at by applying biological, aesthetic and functional criteria to tree management, considering the social, economic and environmental aspects and by undertaking extensive public consultation. Street Tree Plans are developed individually to best suit each town and vary quite significantly.

This is not a plan about removal and replacement of street trees or to radically change the nature of the town, it is a plan to create a vision and to adopt a commitment to manage streetscapes for now and the future. Some aspects, for example, will be as simple as stating that the palms in Foreshore Road are an important part of Seaspray’s town character and that planting style should be retained and any trees that have died or need replacing will be replaced by the same species. Or that the Banksia Woodland setting of The Honeysuckles is critical to town character and should be the dominant species.

The character of a town is derived from its major streets; the street tree plan designates streets as primary, secondary and local. The primary themed streets are town entries and those carrying significant through traffic or leading to major destinations, whereas the secondary themed streets are those feeding local areas, and local streets are those primarily used by local access traffic only. For Seaspray, Main Rd-Futcher Street (entire length) and Shoreline Drive are designated primary streets and all other streets are considered local (there are no designated secondary streets, however Foreshore Road could be considered as a secondary). Due to the ‘hamlet’ style of The Honeysuckles no primary or secondary roads have been designated.

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Figure 1 Seaspray Street Levels and management areas

Figure 2 The Honeysuckles plan area

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Seaspray’s Town Character Seaspray like most of the shire’s smaller towns has a unique town character; in typical urban towns (e.g., Maffra, Sale, Stratford) street trees are often planted relatively uniformly and mostly a single species in each street. The history of Seaspray, the association with the beach and river, the holiday peak season are aspects that create the town’s character. The difficulty in establishing trees in most coastal areas is also apparent in Seaspray with a relatively low number of existing street trees. The intention of this plan is to create a more liveable town, reinforce town character and improve biodiversity. The type of trees chosen by property owners will help shape the future town character.

The Honeysuckles Town Character The Honeysuckles has one of the most unique townscapes in Wellington Shire, best described as “a low density residential holiday hamlet, set in banksia woodland” (Coastal Towns Design Framework 2007). The importance of retaining, reinforcing and enhancing this character is critical to this plan.

Planning for Seaspray’s and The Honeysuckles’ Street Trees The urban forest is a major contributor to the liveability of a town and provides for a combination of social, economic and environmental factors. Trees beautify, define and soften streetscapes, provide shading, cooling, habitat for wildlife and creating neighbourhoods where people want to live.

To ensure that street quality and town character is protected and improved over the long term, planning is necessary. This plan provides guidance for new plantings and replacement of existing trees (as and when required). These plans have been developed through extensive evaluation on a street by street basis, in order to:

Protect and develop neighbourhood and town character Assist in prioritising works and budgets Support proactive replanting to ensure a healthy stock of trees over the long term

Analysis of Seaspray’s urban streets identified that a low percentage of street trees exists and only a very limited number of species are planted. Given the coastal nature of the area and lack of previous street tree planting, this is not surprising. To improve diversity and to give property owners greater choice this plan promotes the idea that streets are planted to a wide range of species; except for the designated primary streets, where a more uniform ‘avenue’ style planting is more appropriate.

In contrast, The Honeysuckles retains large amounts of the original Banksia Woodland on both private and public land.

Individual points relating to Seaspray’s street trees are:

Only 40% of the potential street tree sites are currently planted Growing conditions in streets are varied, however most streets have wide naturestrips and the

typical urban issues of soil compaction, limited planting space, competition with other services, etc. is low

Soils vary from quite peaty to pure sand, the water table is quite close to the surface in many places

Some surface flooding does occasionally occur Town drainage is mostly surface based (not underground pipes) and this retains more soil

moisture and helps support a wider range of trees The eventual size of trees must be considered, many of the streets have wide naturestrips

and overhead powerlines that are well set back, hence these streets can easily accommodate larger trees. Mid-size and small trees are appropriate for narrow nature-strips

The palms in Foreshore Drive and the entry planting of cypress are the most significant street trees. These should be preserved and plantings and enhanced through additional planting

Clearances to protect services and to maintain sight-lines at intersections are important Given the potential for weediness in coastal areas, species with high or demonstrated local

weed potential should be removed

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Individual points relating to The Honeysuckles’ street trees are:

A range of introduced species have been planted, although much of the area is covered by remnant trees (most of the understory has been cleared)

Growing conditions are similar except for the areas closer to the lake, most electricity is underground and hence generally not limiting, the nature of the area suggests that soil compaction and other factors will not be an issue

Suggested species are indigenous to the area and will grow well in the existing conditions Clearances to protect services and to maintain sight-lines at intersections are important Given the potential for weediness in coastal areas, species with high or demonstrated local

weed potential should be removed

Remnant and Significant trees

In many areas, trees that predate settlement exist and often there are other trees highly valued by the community. These trees can have values such as, rarity, outstanding or unusual form, connection with local people or history, etc. The community should be free to nominate such highly valued trees. These values can be measured using criteria such as outlined in the Burra Charter1. Typically, these types of trees would remain regardless of the planting plan because they provide a strong sense of place.

The most interesting trees that deserve classification as significant trees in the town are the Washingtonia filifera (California palm) planted along the southern side of Foreshore Road. Other trees for consideration would be the Cypress town entry trees.

Figure 2 Washingtonia filifera (California palm) Foreshore Road

1 The Burra Charter and its accompanying guidelines are considered the best practice standard for cultural heritage management in Australia. http://australia.icomos.org/publications/charters/

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Whilst The Honeysuckles does not appear to have individual significant trees, the entire Banksia Woodland should be considered a significant landscape and hence, treated similarly to significant avenues and significant individual trees. Various native vegetation controls apply to indigenous vegetation throughout The Honeysuckles, effectively rendering it a significant landscape.

Figure 33 Banksia integrifolia (Coastal Banksia) typical Banksia Woodlands nature-strip The Honeysuckles

Removal of Existing Trees and Tree Removal Policy

The issue of removal of existing trees when street trees are being replanted is a constant discussion point. The conventional approach has been to replant a street (or section of a street) when it has lost the majority of its amenity value, usually because of the loss of trees over time and the poor condition or high risk of the remaining trees, at this point all remaining trees have been removed and the entire area replanted.

The argument for this approach is fundamentally based on aesthetic and physiological issues; where uniformity is kept and trees establish easier due to lack of competition and shading from adjacent trees, the costs of this style of planting are lower because of the advantage of scale.

This removal and replant approach is not being recommended for Seaspray nor The Honeysuckles.

Council’s preference is that where possible trees should be retained and removal occurs when there are no other practical options to retain a tree. Only trees that are high risk, dead, dying, diseased and trees with only a short useful life expectancy will be removed. Some environmental weed species will also be recommended for removal (e.g., privets). Native vegetation controls, particularly in The Honeysuckles, will also be a controlling factor. Council’s arborist will inspect and determine whether a tree should be removed.

Tree Replacement Seaspray

For Seaspray the recommended approach is to improve amenity and bio-diversity values, as well as creating a unique town character that reflects the property owners’ choices by allowing property owners to select street trees from a list of suitable species (see appendices). The exception to the

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property owner choice approach is for those streets designated as Primary Roads, where it is important to have a uniform avenue.

Where sufficient space exists and depending on the eventual size of the preferred species more than one tree per property frontage is acceptable. Where a tree is removed in the future (after the initial plantings) it will be replaced by a tree selected from the applicable appendix list. The exception to this is for the designated primary street sections of Main Road, Futcher Street and Shoreline Drive, where if a tree is removed it is to be replaced with the same species.

Tree Replacement The Honeysuckles

The importance of enhancing the existing Banksia Woodland is the primary focus of the tree planting for the Honeysuckles. Hence, residents will be given a choice of trees indigenous to the zone, and encouraged to plant multiple plants particularly in naturestrips largely devoid of vegetation. Due to the nature of the plantings and site, ‘native tube-stock’ will be used because it will establish best. Replacement species will be from the indigenous tree list in Appendix Two.

Existing Naturestrip Landscaping/Plantings

Some residents have landscaped the naturestrips or planted screen plantings. This plan does not address these factors. However, street tree plantings have not been recommended nor are recommended where tree planting would fail or adversely affect the existing plantings.

Plan Reviews

The town plan approach to street tree management is a new process and no doubt will evolve and improve over time. Hence, this is intended to be a working document and updated as required. However, a formal review should be undertaken in conjunction with the local communities every five years.

Action Plans 2017-2018 Whilst this plan sets the long-term vision for the towns, it also has the major objective of planting a wide range and significant numbers of street trees throughout the towns over the next two planting seasons (2017 & 2018) whilst removing only trees that genuinely need to be removed. Plantings will fill in existing gaps and replace most removed trees.

Recurrent maintenance of street trees is taken reactively (e.g., storm damage or resident requests) and proactively via complete street inspections undertaken approximately every three years. Council does not prune trees near powerlines in Seaspray and The Honeysuckles; this is undertaken by the powerline distribution company.

Council’s arborist has inspected all the street trees in the towns. From these inspections, recommendations to remove and replace or to plant existing gaps were created. These are detailed in the Appendices for each town.

Tree to be removed are those that are high risk, dead, dying, diseased and trees with only a short useful life expectancy. Some environmental weed species will also be recommended for removal (e.g., privets, mirror bush). Rather than create a long tabled list, the trees to be removed are marked with a red dot on aerial photographs of the town. In most instances, trees to be removed will also be replaced; these replacements and new infill plantings are marked with yellow dots on the plans. Only 21 trees are listed for removal in Seaspray and 15 in The Honeysuckles (some individual sites have multiple removals).

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Examples of trees recommended for removal in Seaspray

Short Useful Life – Bearup St Dead Tree Main Rd

Active Failure Main Rd Unsuitable for site – Main Rd

Action Plan Differences – Seaspray and The Honeysuckles

The differences in the nature of the towns suggest two different approaches. Seaspray will be actioned as an urban town where a normal street tree planting style will be the general approach, whereas The Honeysuckles will be approached as a town in a woodland and planted in such a style.

Seaspray will be planted to advanced trees (typically 1.5-2m), planting will be undertaken by Council and tree watering undertaken by Council. The approach we are suggesting for The Honeysuckles is a new approach that has not been undertaken before, where we will supply property owners with tube-stock, tree guards and stakes that they then plant and water. If there is enough community interest in

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The Honeysuckles, planting days could be organised, where widespread plantings are undertaken by members of the community assisted by Council staff on a designated day/s.

Plan Details - The Honeysuckles

Unlike Seaspray, we have not designated which naturestrips require planting because this is contrary to the Woodland aspect of the town. Instead, we are asking property owners to pick up to 10 trees to plant on their nature-strip as tube-stock, with the aim being to enhance the outstanding Woodland environment of the town.

The species have been chosen from trees that are growing well throughout the town, are listed as indigenous to the Banksia Woodland and are tree like in form. A short description and photographs of all trees is included in the appendices.

Because Shoreline Drive is listed as a secondary firebreak, plantings should be individual single trunk trees that can be readily mown/slashed around (rather than shrubs or clump planted) and this may mean less trees can be planted on these naturestrips.

The plans in the appendices show red dots for trees marked for removal. As these trees have risk issues with removals to be undertaken by December 2016. The removal maps in Appendix 3 are broken down into small areas to allow them to be published. Property owners can choose up to ten trees per frontage (e.g., corner blocks will have two frontages). As noted, we will supply the trees as tube-stock because they will establish better and few of the species are available in larger sizes. We will also provide stakes and tree guards to help protect from browsing wildlife.

Plan Details - Seaspray

The unique aspect of all town tree plans is in asking property owners to choose from a selected list of tree(s) that they would like to see on the nature-strip next to their property. This approach permits council to have trees that meet its long-term urban forest management needs, gives property owners a degree of autonomy and ownership and it will increase tree diversity in the town.

These species have been chosen from trees that are growing well throughout the town or similar coastal towns. To improve biodiversity some trees have been selected that should grow in the town, particularly in streets further back from the beach, however, these should be considered experimental and whilst we are happy for people to choose them, performance may be poor and future replacement may be required. These experimental trees are marked with a * in the selection lists. A short description and photographs of all trees is included in the appendices.

Shoreline Drive and Foreshore Roads are close to the beach and hence exposed to the harshest conditions and only trees that are proven performers should be chosen.

Main Road and Futcher Street have been identified as primary streets, these are streets that have a significant impact on the character of the town to visitors and the broader community, in these streets a more formal planting style is recommended and adjoining properties will not have a range of species to choose from.

The plans in the appendices show red dots for trees marked for removal and yellow dots for either a new tree or replacement tree (tree that are to be removed will generally be replaced). The plans are broken down into small areas to allow them to be published. Property owners who have been identified to have a tree planted on the nature strip (yellow dot) are asked to choose a preferred tree (or trees) from the species list. Council will select a tree from the list where a property owner does not make a choice.

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Planting of Main Road Futcher Street The cypress avenue leading into Seaspray is a key ‘arrival’ feature (VicRoads manages most of the trees and Wellington within the 60kmh zone). From the Tip Road intersection, Main Road and Futcher Street do not present a welcoming feel nor express the character of the town.

As noted, Main Road and its extension Futcher Street is the major entry road in Seaspray, it is critical that tree planting in these areas create a welcoming feel and express the character of the town.

The coastal environment, soil issues and high voltage powerlines do present challenges in selecting species that will create a welcoming feel to the town. Most of the Norfolk Island Pines planted pre 1995 have not performed well. The street is currently planted to a range of trees species, few are growing well and many detract from presenting a positive image of the town.

Main Road

Main Road has wide naturestrips (12m), and whilst the north side has high voltage powerlines, these are well set back. This section of the road sets the tone for people entering the town and hence should make a strong statement. A uniform avenue of medium to large trees best achieves this, critically the tree species chosen should have a very high likelihood of performing well on the site.

Whilst many coastal towns use the iconic Norfolk Island Pines, we are recommending either the Canary Island Pine (Pinus canariensis) or the Blue Atlas Cedar (Cedrus atlantica). Both species should perform well on the site and create a unique and iconic town entry.

The location of the powerlines allows larger trees to be planted; the Canary Island Pine being a narrow tree is unlikely to encroach into the powerline clearance zone, over the longer term some pruning of the Cedars’ width may be required.

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Pinus canariensis – Canary Island Pine Mature Street Planting

Pinus canariensis – Canary Island Pine

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Cedrus atlantica – Blue Atlas Cedar (young tree)

Cedrus atlantica – Blue Atlas Cedar (mature tree)

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Futcher Street

Futcher Street does not have the space to grow large trees along both sides due to the powerlines and narrower road reserve. However, the same planting style as Main Road should be continued along the sections without powerlines (see layout plan). The clear trunk height of these trees will provide traffic clearance and sightlines through to the foreshore and caravan park.

Futcher St Layout Plan

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Appendix One –Town Tree Plan – Seaspray – Species List Below are a range of species that have proven to grow well in the town or for trees marked with * trees we consider likely to grow in the town, but considered experimental. The list is split into two sections. Trees suitable for planting across the town where no powerlines exist and a list for suitable trees for naturestrips where powerlines exist.

All Areas - Not under Powerlines Common Name Evergreen

/Deciduous

Native

/Exotic

Angophora costata (inland streets)* Smooth-barked Apple E N

Banksia integrifolia Coastal banksia E N

Banksia serrata Saw tooth banksia E N

Casuarina cunninghamiana* River She Oak E N

Cedrus atlantica* Blue Atlas Cedar E E

Corymbia eximia 'Nana' * Yellow Bloodwood E N

Corymbia ficifolia* Red Flowering Gum E N

Corymbia maculata* Spotted Gum E N

Eucalyptus viminalis ssp. Pryoriana * Coast manna gum E N

Fraxinus pennsylvatica* Green ash D E

Ginkgo biloba* Maidenhair tree D E

Gleditsia triacanthos “shademaster”* Honey locust D E

Melaleuca quinquenervia* Broad-leaved Paperbark E N

Melia azedarach 'Elite' * White Cedar D N

Metrosideros excelsa New Zealand Christmas tree E E

Pinus canariensis* Canary Island Pine E E

Pinus halapensis* Allepo Pine E E

Quercus ilex* Holm Oak E E

Quercus palustris Pin oak D E

Quercus rubra* Red oak D E

Schinus molle* Peppercorn Tree E E

Areas under Powerlines Common Name Evergreen

/Deciduous

Native

/Exotic

Agonis flexuosa – “after dark” Agonis “after dark” E N

Allocasuarina verticillata Drooping she-oak E N

Angophora hispida * Dwarf Apple E N

Arbutus canariensis * Canary Islands Strawberry Tree

E E

Callistemon ‘Kings Park Special’* E N

Callistemon 'Dawson River Weeper'* Bottlebrush E N

Callistemon 'Harkness'* Bottlebrush E N

Eucalyptus leucoxylon ssp. Megalocarpa Large-fruited Yellow Gum E N

Koelreuteria paniculata Golden rain tree D E

Olea europea Olive “swan hill” E E

Pyrus salicifolia 'Pendula'* Willow-leaved Pear D E

Tristaniopsis laurina* Watergum E N

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Seaspray Tree Species Profiles

Coastal Banksia

BANKSIA INTEGRIFOLIA – COASTAL BANKSIA Medium evergreen native tree with a large domed canopy. Narrow smooth rigid leaves with large bird attracting flowers. Very common on the coast of Victoria. 10 to 25m in height by 8 to 10 wide Moderate growth rate Perfectly suited to a coastal environment High drought tolerance High habitat value, bird attracting flowers Very low weed potential Not suited to planting under powerlines.

Olive “Swan Hill”

OLEA EUROPEA – OLIVE “SWAN HILL” Small evergreen tree with silvery dense foliage. A very long lived species that has high amenity and commercial value. This form is fruitless. 8 to 15 metres in height Moderate growth rate/high drought tolerance Tolerate of salt spray and coastal

environments Its foliage presents a good contrast in colour Fruitless cultivar therefore low weed potential Suited for planting under higher powerlines

Purple Leafed Willow Myrtle

AGONIS FLEXUOSA – “AFTER DARK” An evergreen native cultivar with very ornamental burgundy coloured foliage. A more recent cultivar proving popular in Australian gardens which is suited to coastal areas. 6 metres tall by 3-5 metres wide Moderate growth rate/high drought tolerance Tolerate of salt spray and coastal

environments High ornamental value for its striking burgundy foliage Very low weed potential Suited for planting under higher powerlines

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Drooping She-Oak

ALLOCASUARINA VERTICILLATA – DROOPING SHE-OAK A small rounded evergreen native tree with attractive “drooping” habit foliage. A very well suited to the coastal environment. Variable in height, up to 10 metres tall by 8-10

metres wide Moderate to fast growth rates/high drought tolerance Tolerant of salt spray and the coastal environment Very low weed potential Native large bird attractor Suited for planting under higher powerlines

Maidenhair Tree

GINKGO BILOBA – MAINDENHAIR TREE A large, very ornamental and long lived deciduous tree that provides diversity to the urban landscape. Large tree, 20 to 35 metres tall Slow to moderate growth rates Tolerant of salt spray Very low weed potential Limited habitat value Very ornamental Autumn colour and long lived

species Not suited for under powerlines

Pin Oak

QUERCUS PALUSTRIS – PIN OAK Large deciduous tree with a pyramidal form and straight dominant trunk. Lobed and pointed glossy dark green leaves, turn a russet bronze or red in Autumn. Small acorns to about 1cm long. 15-25m in height by 10-15m wide Moderate to fast growth rate/moderate

drought tolerance Inconspicuous flowers, small acorn in the Autumn Tolerant of salt spray Low habitat Very low weed potential Not suited to planting near powerlines

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Golden Rain Tree

KOELREUTERIA PANICULATA – GOLDEN RAIN TREE A small to medium deciduous ornamental tree, it noted for its yellow flowers occurring in large terminal panicles. 7 metres tall by 7 metres wide Moderate to high drought tolerance Slow to moderate growth rates Moderate weed potential in certain areas, not

noted as a weed in Gippsland Moderate habitat, insect and bird attracting Suited for planting under higher powerlines

Honey locust

GLEDITSIA TRIACANTHOS “SHADEMASTER” – HONEY LOCUST A very ornamental medium sized tree that provides superior shade with showy bipinnate foliage and ascending branches. A proven species that has been widely planted across the globe in temperate climates. 10 to 15 metres by 10 to 15 metres Moderate to fast growth rates Tolerant of moderate saline soils Tolerant of low levels of drought Low habitat Low weed potential Not suited for under powerlines

Green Ash

FRAXINUS PENNSYLVATICA – GREEN ASH A medium to large ornamental tree that has striking yellow Autumn foliage. A great alternative to the more commonly planted and short lived Claret Ash. The Green Ash is very suited to the Seaspray area and will provide some diversity to the urban forest. 12 to 25 metres in height, symmetrical canopy

once mature Moderate growth rate Tolerant of moderate levels of drought Moderate tolerance to saline soils and salt spray Low habitat Low weed potential Not suited for under powerlines

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Red Oak

QUERCUS RUBRA – RED OAK An attractive well-structured tree with good Autumn colour. Ideal for large nature strips or parkland. 10 to 12 metres by 9 metres wide Moderate to fast growth rate Moderate tolerance of drought Low habitat Low weed potential Moderate tolerance of salt spray Intolerant of high PH levels Not suited for under powerlines

New Zealand Christmas Tree

METROSIDEROS EXCELSA – NEW ZEALAND CHRISTMAS TREE A proven success in Seaspray. A very hardy domed shaped tree from the coastal areas of New Zealand. Well suited for large nature strips and parkland. It would be hard pressed to find a better-suited species for Seaspray. 20 by 20 metres (although usually much smaller) Moderate growth rates Flowers are bird attracting Good drought tolerance High tolerance of salt spray and saline soils Not suited for under powerlines

Coast Manna Gum

EUCALYPTUS VIMINALIS SSP. PRYORIANA (COAST MANNA GUM) A small-medium evergreen native tree. Common in the coastal area of Gippsland. A very well suited tree to the coastal environment. Variable in height, 10-20 metres tall Moderate to fast growth rates/high drought

tolerance Tolerant of salt spray and the coastal environment Indigenous Native bird attractor Koala food NOT suited for planting under powerlines

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Saw-Tooth Banksia

BANKSIA SERRATA – SAW TOOTH BANKSIA An attractive small medium indigenous tree. The cream- yellow flowers occur through late summer to autumn followed by woody cones Rarely exceeds 6m in cultivation Tolerant of most soil types with good drainage

except the heaviest clays. Attractive large flowers Very hardy once established. Abundant flowers provide nectar and pollen to a wide range of species. Suited for use under powerlines

Watergum

TRISTANIOPSIS LAURINA - WATER GUM OR

KANOOKA

Small to medium, evergreen native and upright tree of compact form with a dense canopy. Foliage dark green, and glossy. Attractive bark smooth and peeling in patches from brown, tan pink and grey. Several named cultivars are available, offering slightly denser forms and darker foliage. 5-9m in height by 3-6m wide Indigenous to Gippsland Moderate to slow growth rate Yellow flowers in summer Adapts to most soil types Moderate drought tolerance Some habitat value Very low weed potential Suited to planting near powerlines

Bottlebrush

CALLISTEMON 'DAWSON RIVER WEEPER'

Callistemon ‘Dawson River Weeper’ is native tall shrub to small tree with weeping branches and grey/green foliage. It features red bottlebrush flowers that last for most of the year, peak during spring and autumn. 4-6m in height by 4-5m wide Moderate to fast growth rate Profuse red bottlebrush flowers in mostly in

spring and autumn Adapts to most soil types High drought tolerance Medium habitat value, strongly bird attractive Very low weed potential Well suited to planting around powerlines

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Bottlebrush

CALLISTEMON ‘KINGS PARK SPECIAL’ Callistemon ‘Kings Park Special’ is similar but smaller than Callistemon ‘Harkness’. It is a native upright-rounded shrub or small tree with pendulous branches. It thrives in an open position and is fast growing. 4m in height by 4m wide Profuse red bottlebrush flowers in mostly in

spring and autumn Adapts to most soil types providing they are well-drained Medium drought tolerance Medium habitat value, strongly bird attractive Very low weed potential Well suited to planting around powerlines

Bottlebrush

CALLISTEMON 'HARKNESS’ Callistemon ‘Harkness’ is one of the well-known Bottlebrushes that has been an excellent street tree for many years. Also known as ‘Gawler Hybrid’. ‘Harkness’ is slightly weeping. The flowers are exceptional: crimson-red bottlebrushes to 200mm long 4-6m in height by 4-5m wide Moderate growth rate Profuse red bottlebrush flowers in mostly in

spring and early summer Adapts to most soil types Medium drought tolerance Medium habitat value, strongly bird attractive Very low weed potential Well suited to planting around powerlines

Large Flowering Yellow Gum

EUCALYPTUS LEUCOXYLON ssp.

MEGALOCARPA

A small native evergreen tree with an outstanding flower display in autumn and winter. 6m in height by 4-6m wide Fast growth rate Mass of red flowers in autumn and winter Adapts to most soil types High drought tolerance High habitat value (birds, insects, bees) Very low weed potential Well suited to planting near powerlines

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Smooth Barked Apple

ANGOPHORA COSTATA - SMOOTH-BARKED

APPLE

Large evergreen native tree of varying form generally has dense foliage with a broad domed crown. Young leaves appear reddish. Dense clusters of cream flowers in summer. The trunk is often gnarled and crooked with a pink to pale grey, sometimes rusty-stained bark. The old bark is shed in spring in large flakes with the new salmon bark turning pale grey. 15-20m in height by 6-15m wide Fast growth rate Cream winter flowers in summer Prefers better drained areas High drought tolerance Medium habitat value (birds, insects, bees) Not suited to powerlines Not suited close to beach

River She Oak

CASUARINA CUNNINGHAMIANA - RIVER SHE-

OAK

Tall dark green, native evergreen tree, conical habit, straight trunked narrow with ascending branches with elegant pendulous branchlets. Looks best when planted in groves, clumps or as a screening plant. Foliage builds up around the tree and forms useful mulch. 15-20m in height by 6-10m wide Moderate to fast growth rate Flowers are inconspicuous Adapts to most soil types Very high drought tolerance Moderate habitat value, providing food or

habitat for native fauna, parrots and cockatoos. Low weed potential, but can sucker Not suited to powerlines

Spotted Gum

CORYMBIA MACULATA - SPOTTED GUM

Large evergreen native tree, normally with a long, single straight trunk supporting a dense, narrow to broad domed canopy. A popular and attractive tree common to streets and parklands. 20-25m height by 10-15m width. Fast growth rate. Profuse honey-scented white flowers appear

in autumn winter and spring Adaptable to a wide range of climatic conditions and soil types including sands and heavy clays. High drought tolerance High habitat value (birds, insects, bees, possums, bats, koalas) Moderate weed potential, with known local self-grown trees Not suited to powerlines

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White Cedar

MELIA AZEDARACH - WHITE CEDAR

Small to medium, wide spreading native deciduous tree with a broad domed canopy. Foliage lush green, glossy and bipinnate, turning yellow in Autumn. Flowers purplish mauve and yellow berries persist during the Winter. 6-10m in height by 5-8m wide Moderate to fast growth rate Profuse mauve flowers in spring Adapts to most soil types, prefers better

drained areas Moderate drought tolerance Limited habitat value (birds) Weed potential, but unlikely in local climate. Sterile form is available. Well suited to planting with powerlines

Peppercorn Tree

SCHINUS MOLLE - PEPPERCORN TREE

An evergreen tree with graceful 'fern-like' foliage that has a weeping appearance. The leaves bark and the berries are aromatic when crushed. Widely planted in the 19th and early 20th centuries. It has become an environmental weed in some areas, given the numbers that exist around Briagolong it does not appear to be overly weedy in the town. 10-15m in height by 10-12m wide Fast growth rate Profuse small white flowers in spring followed

by small berry like fruits Adapts to most soil types, will tolerate periods of wet Very high drought tolerance Low habitat value Some weed potential Not suited to planting near powerlines

Blue Atlas Cedar

CEDRUS ATLANTICA GLAUCA This is a large evergreen conifer initially conical in shape, later developing a broad crown, with spreading branches bearing silvery blue-green needles and ovoid cones. Cedrus atlantica are native to the Atlas mountains of Algeria and Morocco. 10-15m in height by 10-12m wide Medium growth rate Needs space to develop Tolerates most soil types, does not tolerate wet

soils Very high drought tolerance Low habitat value Not suited to planting near powerlines

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Dwarf Yellow Bloodwood

CORYMBIA EXIMIA ‘NANA’ An attractive native tree typified by patchy, grey and brown bark, broad leaves and dense clusters of creamy flowers in the spring. ‘Nana’ is a dwarf form. 6-8m in height by 4-6m wide Fast growth rate Tolerates most soil types, does not tolerate wet

soils High drought tolerance High habitat value Suited to planting near powerlines

Red Flowering Gum

CORYMBIA FICIFOLIA The Red Flowering Gum is very common and popular in horticulture, widely used throughout cooler coastal southern Australia because of its massed colourful flowers that are highly attractive to humans, lorikeets and honeyeaters. 8m in height by 6m wide Medium growth rate Prefers well drained soils High drought tolerance High habitat value Suited to planting near powerlines

Broad Leaved Paperbark

MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA Fast growing native tree with attractive bark and masses of creamy white flowers in spring and summer. Suited to larger sites and waterlogged areas 10-15m in height by 8-10m wide Fast growth rate Tolerates water logged soils Good drought tolerance Very high habitat value Some weed potential Not suited to planting near powerlines

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Dwarf Apple

ANGOPHORA HISPIDA A small native tree closely related to the eucalypts. Its small size, especially when compared to its Angophora and Eucalyptus relatives, leads to it being known by the common name dwarf apple. The trunk is notable: it has flaky, grey-brown strips of bark that can be found throughout the tree. The white-to-cream flowers are borne in dense clusters in summer, and are strongly bird-attracting. 4-6m in height by 4-6m wide Medium growth rate It tolerates a wide variety of soils, but not

waterlogging High drought tolerance High habitat value Suited to planting near powerlines

Canary Islands Strawberry Tree

ARBUTUS CANARIENSIS Arbutus are amongst the most ornamental small trees available. Although they do require well drained soils. This tree has bold foliage to 15cm long, and large, somewhat-upright groups of white bell-like flowers throughout the year. The dark orange bark of this tree is very showy. 6-8m in height by 4-6m wide Medium growth rate Requires well drained soils Medium drought tolerance Low habitat value Some weed potential Suited to planting near powerlines

Willow-leaved Pear

PYRUS SALICIFOLIA ‘PENDULA’ An interesting and adaptable semi-weeping pear with distinctive silvery-grey foliage. Pyrus salicifolia 'Pendula' is useful for smaller areas where foliage and form contrast is desired. 4m in height by 4m wide Medium growth rate It tolerates a wide variety of soils, but not

waterlogging High drought tolerance High habitat value Suited to planting near powerlines

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Canary Island Pine

PINUS CANARIENSIS As the name suggests, this is a native to the Canary Islands making it highly suited to South-east Australia. It has a very distinguishable and strongly fissured red bark, which provides a distinct visual contrast to its dark deep-green and soft textured foliage. Has excellent use as a street tree, forming an attractive upright canopy. Its outstanding trunk can be used as successive columns for a strong visual affect. 20m in height by 4m wide Medium growth rate It tolerates a wide variety of soils, but not

waterlogging Medium drought tolerance Low habitat value Not suited to planting near powerlines

Allepo Pine

PINUS HALAPENSIS A Mediterranean native most suited to South Eastern Australia. It will tolerate a wide range of landscape situations of poor drainage, excessive heat, high winds, some aerial salt, and acid to alkaline soils. As a landscape or roadside specimen this tree is an excellent hardy provider of shade and windbreak. The sub species brutia is well known as the Lone Pine the ANZAC memorial tree. 10-15m in height Medium growth rate It tolerates a wide variety of soils and poor

drainage High drought tolerance Low habitat value Not suited to planting near powerlines

Holm Oak

QUERCUS ILEX The Holm Oak is a tree that has been used in landscapes for many 1000s of years. Currently, there are major plantings of Holly Oak in southern Europe, where avenues, screens, and specimen plantings all thrive. In south-eastern Australia, Q. ilex has been used in older park plantings from 1900 onwards. It forms a round-headed, elegant tree with glossy evergreen foliage. 15-20m by 15m wide Slow growth rate It tolerates a wide variety of soils and harsh

conditions High drought tolerance Low habitat value Not suited to planting near powerlines

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Appendix Two –Town Tree Plan – The Honeysuckles – Species List Below are a range of species that can be found growing in a Banksia Woodland setting. All are native to the area and evergreen. Shoreline Drive is the only area with significant above ground powerlines, the table below has a column indicating whether the species is suitable for planting under powerlines. We have not listed some of the local native wattles because of their short-lived nature.

All Areas - Not under Powerlines Common Name Suitable for planting

under powerlines

Eucalyptus viminalis ssp. Pryoriana Coast Manna Gum No

Eucalyptus baueriana Blue Box No

Myoporum insulare Common Boobialla With minor pruning

Banksia integrifolia Coast Banksia No

Acacia melanoxylon Blackwood With minor pruning

Acmena smithii Lilly Pilly With minor pruning

Allocasuarina verticillata Drooping Sheoke Yes

Banksia serrata Saw Banksia With minor pruning

Bursaria spinosa Sweet Bursaria Yes

The Honeysuckle Tree Species Profiles Coast Manna Gum

EUCALYPTUS VIMINALIS SSP. PRYORIANA Attractive spreading tree growing to about 12 metres high. Moderately dense canopy, thinning on older trees,. Grows best in dry, well drained sandy soils or moist well drained soils & is tolerant of some periodic water-logging. Flowers are creamy-yellow in colour. 8-13m by 6-8m wide Fast growth rate Grows well in local conditions High drought tolerance Very high habitat value Not suited to planting near powerlines

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Blue Box

EUCALYPTUS BAUERIANA Eucalyptus baueriana, round leaf box or blue box, is a small to medium-sized tree with rough and persistent bark on the trunk and branches, fibrous, flaky, light grey, with paler, almost white patches 8-12m by 6-8m wide Fast growth rate Grow well in local conditions High drought tolerance Very high habitat value Not suited to planting near powerlines

Common Boobialla

MYOPORUM INSULARE The Coastal Boobialla is variable in habit and

may be a dense shrub, open shrub or small

tree. It produces groups of white or pale pink

flowers with purple spots in the throat, in

late spring and summer. The fruits are purple

black and fleshy, 10mm in diameter. 3-6m by 3-6m wide Fast growth rate Grow well in local conditions High drought tolerance High habitat value Suited to planting near powerlines

Coast Banksia

BANKSIA INTEGRIFOLIA Robust attractive medium to large tree, usually found on coastal sands behind the primary dune front & cliff tops. Suited to most well drained soils in a sunny position. Reasonably fast growing, providing birds & insects with nectar. The leaves are green on top & silver on the underside. Typically, the tree has flowers at different development stages from young candles in soft green, to immature flowers in fresh lime green & the mature bottle-brush flowers in yellow. The tree retains its woody seed cones. 10-20m by 4-8m wide Fast growth rate Grow well in local conditions High drought and full coastal tolerance Very high habitat value Not suited to planting near powerlines

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Blackwood

ACACIA MELANOXYLON Quick growing upright tree with hard brown fissured bark & attractive foliage &, flowers. Produces masses of creamy white flowers in winter. Grows in both wet & dry locations on most well drained soils. Blackwood is an excellent tree to plant for shade and shelter. Can be short lived if conditions are harsh. 5-10m by 4-6m wide Fast growth rate Grow well in local conditions Performs better in sheltered positions High habitat value Not suited to planting near powerlines

Lilly Pilly

ACMENA SMITHII Lilly Pillies have fragrant white flowers in late spring, and these are followed by fruits—in most Lilly Pillies these are a deep purple. The fruits will normally fall in late autumn if not eaten by birds, but clean-up is reasonably quick and simple. 6-12m by 4-6m wide Fast growth rate Grow well in local conditions Performs better in sheltered positions and

moist soils Not drought resistant Medium habitat value Not suited to planting near powerlines

Drooping Sheoke

ALLOCASUARINA VERTICILLATA Small to medium sized spreading tree with beautiful drooping foliage. Individual male & female plants, with the male tree developing yellow-brown flower spikes giving it an attractive hue. The female tree forms barrel shaped woody cones. Shed foliage forms a smothering soft carpet 4-10m by 3-6m wide Fast growth rate Grow well in local conditions Tolerates, salt spray, sandy soils Highly drought resistant High habitat value Not suited to planting near powerlines .

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Sweet Bursaria

BURSARIA SPINOSA Sweet bursaria grows to a shrub or small tree. Leaves are shiny and dark-green. Flowering with dense clusters of fragrant white flowers. Attractive bronze coloured seed pods follow flowering. Sweet Bursaria is a favourite with birds & butterflies. It makes an excellent garden tree if given an appropriate position & the time to establish. 4-6m by 2-4m wide Medium growth rate Grow well in local conditions Highly drought resistant Very high habitat value Suited to planting near powerlines

Saw-Tooth Banksia

BANKSIA SERRATA – SAW TOOTH BANKSIA An attractive small medium indigenous tree. The cream- yellow flowers occur through late summer to autumn followed by woody cones Rarely exceeds 6m in cultivation Tolerant of most soil types with good

drainage except the heaviest clays. Attractive large flowers Very hardy once established. Abundant flowers provide nectar and pollen to a wide range of species Suited for use under powerlines

Appendix Three – Removal and Planting Maps Seaspray

Removal and Planting Maps Seaspray Map 1

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Removal and Planting Maps Seaspray Map 2

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Removal and Planting Maps Seaspray Map 3

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Removal and Planting Maps Seaspray Map 4

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Removal and Planting Maps Seaspray Map 5

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Removal and Planting Maps Seaspray Map 6

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Removal and Planting Maps Seaspray Map 7

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Appendix Four – Removal Maps - The Honeysuckles

Only 15 trees are proposed for removal, these are trees that present an unacceptable level of risk or are dead, these are marked on the following plans as red

dots. Aerial photographs of the entire town are included.

Removal Maps - The Honeysuckles Map 1

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Removal Maps - The Honeysuckles Map 2

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Removal Maps - The Honeysuckles Map 3

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Removal Maps - The Honeysuckles Map 4