towards semi-automatic annotation of toponyms on old maps
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Towards Semi-Automatic Annotation ofToponyms on Old Maps
Rainer Simon, Peter PilgerstorferAustrian Institute of Technology
Leif IsaksenUniversity of Southampton
Elton BarkerThe Open University
September 19-20 2013 | 8th International Workshop on Digital Approaches to Cartographic Heritage, Rome, Italy
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Map Digitization
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But:Search & discovery limitedby available catalog metadata!
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Spatial Search?
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(Caistor St. Edmund)
„Venta“
Toponyms?
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(Whitchurch)
„Mediolanum“
Toponyms?
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(Lincoln)
„Lindum“
Toponyms?
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Transcription? OCR?Remains a huge challenge.We envision a semi-automatic process in which a human expert is assisted in “annotation grunt work”
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Goal:detect toponyms on old mapswith open source tools.
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Approach:determine location, extent and orientationusing image processing andconnected component analysis
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3 Step Process:Background/Foreground SeparationFeature DetectionFeature Linking
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Step 1: Background/Foreground
Note: our steps still include manual tuning/intervention.
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Step 2: Feature Detection
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Step 3: Feature Linking
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Some preliminary results:
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Experiment #1
Ptolemaic Map of the British Isles, ca. 1480© The British Library Board. Harley MS 7182 ff.. 60v-61.
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Experiment #2
Josephinische Landesaufnahme: Gebiet von Moos-kirchen bis Grazer Feld, Österreich, 1764-1787.
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Experiment #3
Salvator Oliva, Mediterranean.Portolan Atlas, Marseilles, 1619.
• 333 toponyms counted
• 532 detections• ~50% recall• ~31% precision
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http://rsimon.github.com/toponym_identification
Full-resolution views at
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Future work – Pelagios 3:• Provide an index of toponyms in early
geospatial documents
• Create assistive annotation tools to enhancethe index
• Develop an “analysis workbench” to conductvisual & statistical comparions betweendifferent collections and documents