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    Xaucrh{ O`g`oxy-C`c`x No Ar/

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    Vrl ckl

    Xml a`jy v|rva{l ar umokm xmo{ baan mc{ bll` uroxxl`o{ xa rlwlcj xa xml uarjh umcx d`cc`c n`aujlhelrlcjjy o{ c`h xa cks|co`x xmli uoxm ox{ ka`hoxoa` cxho lrl`x jlwlj{ a cvvrackm. Ox o{ a ka|r{l klrxco` xmcx a|rrljoeoa|{ baan{ {vlcn c jax cba|x ox* b|x |` arx|`cxljy xml-s|ckn/ kaiil`xcxar{ a xml jcxlr vlroah mcwl a` ckka|`xa xmlor ura`e |`hlr{xc`ho`e io{rlvrl{l`xlh xml ckx{o` {|km c ucy c{ xa hrau` xml wlry {l`{l.

    Xml rl{va`{obojoxy ar ox jol{ ico`jy a` xma{l umamcwl ichl ox xmlor vra l{{oa` xa o`h|jel o` cj{l hlcjo`e{vrl{l`xo`e oioxcxoa`{ ar xml rlcj. Xmly* `ax xcno`eo`xa ckka|`x ox{ lwoj ka`{ls|l`kl{* ul`x a` rlknjl{{jyl`el`hlro`e vao{a` o`xa xml mlcrx{ a xml vlavjl. Xm|{vao{a` cja`l uc{ chio`o{xlrlh o` vjckl a xml lkxcr c`h{vorox|cjoxy uc{ o` ckx {xrc`e|jcxlh cx xml wlry a|x{lx.\`ha|bxlhjy xmly r|o`lh `ax a`jy xmli{ljwl{ b|x cj{aaxmlr{ by xmlor io{e|ohc`kl. Jlcr`lh jlkx|rl{* {voroxlh{lria`{ c`h ic`o ajh ho{ka|r{l{ o{ cjj xml ilrox xmcxcxxrckx{ xml io`h{ a xml vlavjl xml{l hcy{. C{ xml ic{{l{ulrl {a hoh xmly elx xml jlchlr xa e|ohl xmli a`. Xmlycvvjc|hlh moi ar mo{ {mau a n`aujlhel c`h ml o` mo{x|r` ul`x a` oiva{o`e iarl c`h iarl a mo{ oivarxc`kl|va` xmli. Xm|{ ml kcil xa bl el`lrcjjy ckklvxlh c{ xml

    n`aulr a xr|l n`aujlhel* uma hl{lrwl{ cjj ma`a|r c`hrl{vlkx. Xm|{ mo{ ilc`{ a jowljomaah ulrl l`{|rlh {c ljyc`h o` c ia{x ma`a|rcbjl ucy. Xmo{ o{ cjj xmcx ml eax c{xml rlucrh a mo{ jcba|r{.

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    Vrl ckl

    uarh xa xmli* xajlrcxoa` o{ ceco`{x xml kahl a xmlor {a)kcjjlh {co`xjy ka`h|kx. Ckklvxc`kl a vlr{a`cj {lrwokl

    rai axmlr{ o{ xmlor borxmroemx umojl xa {lrwl axmlr{ o`xml {cil ucy o{ bljau xmlor l}cjxlh hoe`oxy. Xa xmlihowo`l n`aujlhel o{ s|oxl l}kj|{owl a cjj xml{l ia{xkaiia` r|jl{ a lxos|lxxl c`h eaah ka`h|kx. O` xmlorwolu uo{hai o{ a`jy c` ckchliok k|rrl`x ilc`x ar xml

    knjl)io`hlh ic{{l{* xmlor{ blo`e xml a`jy dab xa howlrxox xaucrh{ xmli. Xmo{ o{ cjj xml erlcx`l{{ a xmlor {co`xjy

    vlr{a`cjoxol{. Mau xa cucnl` xml wcroa|{ {xcxl{ a xmlrlcj uo{hai o` xml cbmyc{o{ io`h o{ `ax xmlor ka`klr` cxcjj. Xa |`hlr{xc`h xml iy{xlrol{ a xml erc`xmo{ -n`ax{/ arxa cxxco jcycwc{xmc -ilreo`e/ c`h xa |` ajh c`h ic{xlrxml ho lrl`x {xcxl{ a l`joemxl`il`x o{ cjj blya`h xmlorka`klvxoa`. @loxmlr ha xmly xmli{ljwl{ n`au c`yxmo`ecba|x ox `ar ua|jh xmly ka`hl{kl`h xa jlcr` ox raic`ya`l c`h ckklvx mo{ e|ohc`kl o` xml icxxlr. _lx raiumai* c xlr cjj* crl xmly xa jlcr` uml` cjj a xmli crlcjonl o` xmo{ rl{vlkx1

    Xmly llj c`h vrakjcoi xmli{ljwl{ xa bl xlckmlr{ a il` ajjauo`e c ciojy jo l. Xa jlcr` c`yxmo`e rai xmljcxxlr o{ blya`h xmlor |`hlr{xc`ho`e c`h xmlor {l`{l a hoe`oxy c`h vrohl. Xmo{ wc`oxy c`h leaxo{i mc{ l`xorljyr|o`lh xmlor {vorox c`h xm|{ xml rlcj ilrox o{ ja{x xma|emxml a|xucrh ari {xojj rlico`{ o`xckx. Uml` ox kail{xa bl {a* {oiojcr hlwljavil`x{ blec` xa kail o`xal lkx c{ ox{ rl{|jx. Lwlryxmo`e c{{|ilh c kr|hl {xcxlc`h xml {cil l lkx blec` xa bl rlglkxlh rai ox. Xml{oe`o kc`kl a yaec uc{ ja{x c`h vcrrax)jonl rlkoxcxoa`{ulrl xcnl` xa bl cjj llhlh ar xml v|rva{l. Xmo{ blec` xabl vrlckmlh cjj ra|`h c{ xml moeml{x icrn a vlr lkxoa`.Xm|{ xmly `ax a`jy rlico`lh bjo`h xa rlcjoxy b|x mcwlcj{a bll` o`kcvcbjl a lwl` oioxcxo`e ox o` ox{ a|xlr

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    Vrl ckl

    ucy{ xmra|em xmlor l}xlr`cj vrckxokl{. A` xml ka`xrcrychwlr{l xma|emx{ blec` xa {lxxjl hau` o` xmlor io`h{ c`hxmly blec` xa xlckm xml {cil xa axmlr{. O xmly x|r`lhxaucrh{ hlwaxoa` - bmcnxo/ xmly blec` xa ho{vjcyvjcy |j {mau a m|ic` s|cjoxol{> c`h o xmly jlc`lhxaucrh{ n`aujlhel - d`cc`c / xmlor uc`xa``l{{ uc{rlwlcjlh o` ox{ xr|l kaja|r{. Xmly {s|lltlh a|x a`jyxmcx umokm xmlor ecril`x uc{ hrl`kmlh uoxm. O` {marxxml vlavjl o`mlroxlh xml wlry hl lkx{ umokm l}o{xlh o`

    xma{l xlckmlr{.C kaiia` ic` blo`e vjlc{lh uoxm xmlor lc{yea)

    o`e r|jl{ chavxlh xmli ar xmlor vrckxokl a`jy xa hrowlxmli{ljwl{ `cjjy xa c {xcxl a ho{xarxoa`. Xmly crl o`

    ckx ajjauo`e xml wlry vrckxokl{ umokm ea ceco`{x xmlcxxco`il`x a xml rlcj n`aujlhel* ylx {xojj xml wc`oxy

    a blo`e c d`cc`o -n`aulr/ {xc`h{. Xmly ha `ax baxmlrcba|x umcx axmlr{ {cy cba|x ox. Xmlor a`jy ka`klr` o{cba|x umcx xmly xmli{ljwl{ {cy. Xmly ha `ax lwl` cjjauaxmlr{ xml vrowojlel a vao`xo`e a|x xml roemx xmo`e xaxmli* blkc|{l xmcx ua|jh bl c r|hl {makn xa xmlor {l`{la {lj )vlr lkxoa`* c`h o` xmcx kcvckoxy xmly o`ucrhjy lljd|{xo lh ar ox. Umcx xml @cx|rl uc`x{ il` xa jlch xao{ s|oxl |`n`au` xa xmli blkc|{l xmly mcwl `a ckkl{{|v xa ox. Xmly ha `ax lwl` n`au xmcx `au xml xoil mc{kail ar xmli xa il`h.

    C vlr{a` kc` roemxjy bl xcnl` c{ xml n`aulr a xmlhowo`l n`aujlhel o` xr|l {l`{l uml` ml mc{ ic{xlrlhxml wcroa|{ ka`hoxoa`{ hlvokxlh o` xmo{ baanjlx. Ml uma

    xrc`{kl`h{ xmli o{ kcvcbjl a blo`e c e|r| ar xlckmlrc`h ml uma xrc`{kl`h{ blya`h umlrl a`l ioemx rcrljybl cbjl xa rlckm hl{lrwl{ xa bl kcjjlh c {che|r| . G|rxmlrblya`h xmlrl rlico`{ `axmo`e umokm o{ `ax uoxmo` mo{

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    Vrl ckl

    kaivrlml`{owl n`aujlhel.

    O mcwl uroxxl` xmo{ baan `ax xa kc{x c{vlr{oa`{ a`

    c`y a`l* b|x a`jy xa mljv xml {a)kcjjlh d`cc`o{ -ce`a{xok{/o` xmrauo`e a xmlor wc`oxy c`h leaxo{i xa {lk|rl xmlor

    ri {xc`h o` xml Cb{aj|xl Rlcjoxy {a xmcx xmly icy cj{abl mljv |j o` xrc`{ ario`e xml uarjh o` ckkarhc`kl uoxmxml hlic`h a @cx|rl. Il`h* xml xoil{ uojj* b|x ox ua|jhbl blxxlr o {|km vlr{a`{ xaa mch xmlor {mcrl o` ox.

    Rci Kmc`hrcC|xmar

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    Garluarh

    Ox o{ uoxm hllv lljo`e{ a m|iojoxy xmcx O mcwl ck)klvxlh xml o`woxcxoa` xa uroxl xmo{ arluarh xa xmluarn C`c`x No Ar by [mro Rci Kmc`hrcdo Icmcrcd

    a [mcmdcmc`v|r. Uml` O ul`x xmra|em xml uarn o`ic`|{krovx O ljx xmcx O uc{ o`hllh ojj) xxlh xa o`xra)h|kl xml uarn xa xml uarjh* b|x {o`kl ox uc{ mo{ lcr`l{xhl{orl xmcx O {ma|jh maulwlr ha {a* O mcwl ckklvxlh xmo{xc{n.

    [mro Rci Kmc`hrcdo Icmcrcd o{ a`l a xml arlia{x*o `ax xml arlia{x* a jowo`e xlckmlr{ a ic`no`h umamc{ rcxmlr |`abxr|{owljy bll` xrco`o`e c`h xlckmo`e xmlvcxm a rlka`hoxl yaec a xml ia{x c`kol`x xoil{ xa uar)xmy {llno`e {a|j{. Mo{ erlcx c`h uarxmy Ic{xlr* [cicrxmE|r| [mro Rci Kmc`hrcdo a Gcxlmecrm mch xc|emx moixml vcxm a horlkx ckmolwlil`x a xml moeml{x ar |jxoicxl{xcxl* c`h mch o`hllh erc`xlh moi xmcx ia{x {|bjoil c`h

    |jxoicxl {xcxl a vlr lkxlh yaec. Xml ia{x oivarxc`xvcrx a xmo{ yaec jol{ o` xml {|vrlil |`kxoa` a xml e|r|*a`l uma mc{ cxxco`lh xml moeml{x {xcxl hl{kroblh c{ xml\jxoicxl ar C`c`x -O` `oxl ar L`hjl{{/.

    Ox o{ c voxy xmcx xma|em vmoja{avmlr{ ha {vlcn a xml O` `oxl* xmly oiilhocxljy eowl |v xml l`hlcwa|r

    xa rlcjotl Ox by k|roa|{ l{kcvo{i{ a o`xljjlkx s|axo`exml Wlhc`xok xl}x* xmcx rai umokm {vllkm rlx|r`{*io`h rlx|r`{ c`h {l`{l{ rlx|r`* @c wcn eckkmcxo `cic`a ar @c xcxrc {|rya bmccxo `c {c{cc`ncm c`h {a a`.O`hl{krobcbjl* ox o{ ylx kcvcbjl a blo`e l}vlrol`klh

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    Garluarh

    xmra|em xml erckl a xml \jxoicxl ar wlrojy xmlHowo`l rlwlcj{ Ox{ bahy Xc`|i {wcci wowro`|xl xa xmlkma{l` a`l.

    O` xml cbmyc{c a xmo{ yaec -Rcdc _aec/ [mro RciKmc`hrcdo Icmcrcd eowl{ c` o`ucrh ckka|`x a xmlvraerl{{ a xml l}vlrol`kl{ c{ xml {a|j vc{{l{ rai a`l{xcxl xa c`axmlr. Xml{lbm|ionc{ ar {xcel{ a xml \jxoicxlmcwl o`hllh bll` arilh ar lckm o`howoh|cj rcy ar {a|jxmra|em c vrakl{{ a krlcxowl hl{kl`x* c`h mc{ arilhxml {lwlrcj n`ax{ ar erc`xmo{ar vjc`l{* lckm hlwljavo`e cvcrxok|jcr jcu c`h ari a ox{ au`* umokm mc{ ichl arxml ba`hcel c`h {arrau. Ox o{ o`lwoxcbjl xmcx c {a|j xmcxmc{ xm|{ arilh ox{ hl{kl`x {ma|jh cxxlivx xa rlx|r`.Xml cucrl`l{{ a xml {xlv{ a xml hl{kl`x mcwo`e bll`

    areaxxl`* ox rlico`{ ar ox xa {lln a`l uma ax a`jy n`au{

    xml {xlv{ b|x mc{ ea`l blya`h xa xml \jxoicxl c`h kc`jlch a`l |v xmra|em yaeok xrc`{io{{oa` rai {xcel xa{xcel* ar xmlrl o{ cjucy{ xml {lroa|{ ha|bx cba|x c`ya`luma mcxm c{kl`hlh b|x joxxjl* c`h mc{ bll` kc|emx |vo` {ail moemlr n`ax a blo`e xmcx o{ b|x raxcxo`e moio` xmcx moemlr korkjl ar umllj maulwlr i|km blya`h a|rm|ic` {xcxl.

    Xml ck|xl c`h kjlcr wo{oa` a [mro Rci Kmc`hrcdo{mau{ xmcx xml{l n`ax{ crl cx a`kl xa bl |`hlr{xaah o`xmlor xr|l `cx|rl c`h ho{{ajwlh - jcyc/ c`h c moemlr ari- {cr|vycxc/* rlkawlrlh c`h o`xlercxlh - {cy|dycxc/ c`hxrc`{kl`hlh. Xml aroeo`cjoxy a xml{l hl{krovxoa`{ c`h xmlilxmah a xrc`{kl`hl`kl a xml{l n`ax{ ar korkjl{ a blo`e

    c`h xml l}vlrol`kl{ a xml ho lrl`x no`h{ a c`c`hc xmcxmch ichl ar xml hl{kl`x* c`h `au icnl{ ar xml c{kl`x*rlwlcj{ c `lu xlkm`os|l |`n`au` xa lcrjolr l}xc`x yaecjoxlrcx|rl. Ul ha mcwl hl{krovxoa`{ a bm|ionc{ - {cvxc)

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    Garluarh

    bm|ionc{/ c`h erc`xmo{o` {ail a xml \vc`o{mch{* b|x ul`lwlr kail ckra{{ xml v{ykmajaeokcj vraa a xmlor `cx|rlc`h blo`e c`h {xcx|{ a d`cc`c .

    [mro Rci Kmc`hrcdo eowl{ |{ c` ckka|`x a xml xmor)xll` erc`xmo{c`h xmrau{ ua`hlr |j joemx a` xmli. Xmlycrl `ax xa bl k|x b|x jaa{l`lh c`h xrc`{kl`hlh. Eao`e

    crxmlr xmc` c`y* ml {mau{ moemlr jlwlj{ a blo`e umokmxrc`{kl`h xml d`cc`c)bm|ionc{ c`h cro{l cx xml {|vrlilxrc`{kl`hl`x {xcxl{ umokm crl avl` xa xml m|ic` blo`e.B|x cx xmcx {xcel xml m|ic` {a|j ua|jh mcwl vc{{lhblya`h c`yxmo`e xmcx ul kcjj m|ic` c`h crrowl cx xml\jxoicxl Blo`e.

    O` c`h xmra|em xml vravlr |`hlr{xc`ho`e xmra|emilhoxcxoa` -cbmyc{c/ a`l kc` ho{klr` xml {xcel{ cx umokm{ail a xml ioemxol{x {co`x{ c`h {cel{ a mo{xary mch cr)rowlh h|ro`e xmlor jowl{* c`h wlro y o` a`l{lj xml bjl{{lh)`l{{ xmcx o{ ucoxo`e xa bl l}vjarlh c`h l`xlrlh o`xa bya`l. Mlrl ul ho{klr` xml c|xml`xok waokl a c {|vrlilIc{xlr* uma{l jawl ar ic` xrc`{kl`h{ c`yxmo`e xmcx a`ln`au{ a .

    O` c uarjh a o``lr ka`gokx{ ox o{ lc{y xa rco{l xml

    {jaec`{ a uarjh ulj crl uoxma|x vrlvcro`e lckm ar xmlulj crl* ar ox o{ lwlr xr|l xmcx xml vrabjli a xml |`o)wlr{l o{ xml vrabjli a xml o`howoh|cj. Xma{l uma {vlcna {crwci|nxo -{oi|jxc`la|{ |`owlr{cj lic`kovcxoa`/mcrhjy xry xa ckmolwl xmlor au` lic`kovcxoa` ar ox o{wlrojy xml xr|xm xmcx xml o`howoh|cj lic`kovcxoa` o{ xml

    r{x {xlv xaucrh{ |`owlr{cj lic`kovcxoa`. Xmcx cjj ka|jhckmolwl lic`kovcxoa` cx xml {cil xoil c`h {ma|jh* o{ c

    lrwl`x mavl xmcx mc{ mcrhjy howo`l va{{obojoxy* b|x lwl)rya`l kc` ckmolwl ox o` a`l jo l vrawohlh ml rlcjjy {lln{lic`kovcxoa`* xrc`{ aricxoa` ar {|vrc)il`xcjo{cxoa`. Ox

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    Garluarh

    o{ lc{y maulwlr xa cwaoh xml l arx by c` ohlajaeokcj c`h{l`xoil`xcj o`xljjlkx|cj {|bxlr |el ar rlc{a`{ n`au` ar|`n`au` xa a`l{lj .

    Xmlrl o{ mcrhjy c`y ha|bx xmcx xml xr|l {llnlr{ a xml \jxoicxl l}vlrol`kl* c`h xml {aj|xoa` a xml vrabjlia jo l* uojj `h xml{l vcel{ a |xia{x mljv c`h rljlwc`kl.Xmly ua|jh bl e|ohlh by xml c|xml`xok uarh{ a xml xr|le|r| c`h {lln xmra|em moi xml \jxoicxl. Gar ox o{ xr|jy{coh xmcx c xr|l e|r| o{ ho k|jx xa elx* c`h o` xml uarh{a xml \vc`o{mch ul kc` cj{a rlvjy xmcx c xr|l ho{kovjl o{cj{a ls|cjjy ho k|jx xa `h ar elx. Ul crl arx|`cxl xmcxul mcwl cia`e |{ c xr|l e|r| o` lwlry {l`{l a xml xlri*uma o{ lcr`l{x xa bl xrolh c`h xl{xlh* c`h icy O`hoc bll`cbjlh xa {lln mo{ mljv c`h icy ic`no`h bl vra xlhby mo{ vrl{l`kl cia`e il`.

    Ul mcwl {a ic`y il` lcr`l{x ar xml moemlr jo l.Xmlrl crl ic`y waokl{ c`h ic`y hakxro`l{ c`h i|jxo)x|ho`a|{ c{vorcxoa`{. Ox o{ kjlcr xmcx c {vorox|cj {aj|xoa`cja`l kc` bl xr|l c`h `a`l uma mc{ `ax ho{kawlrlh xr|l{vorox|cjoxy kc` rlcjjy bl cbjl xa mljv o` xml rlel`lrcxoa`o ax rlarec`o{cxoa` a ic`no`h. Ox o{ xmlrl arl kjlcr xmcxlwl` o` xml ljh{ a {vorox|cjoxy waokl{ a jl{{lr kcjobrlcrl blo`e mlcrh* waokl{ xmcx {xronl xml `axl{ a v{l|ha){vorox|cjoxy* {|km c{ m|ic`o{i* m|ic`oxcroc`o{i c`h {aa` umokm crl l}vrl{{oa`{ a {vorox|cjoxy* b|x `ax {vorox|)cjoxy ox{lj .

    Ul mcwl xa crrowl cx xml rlcj xmo`e umokm o{|`ch|jxlrcxlh {vorox|cjoxy* ar xml vrl{l`x cel o{ ciarl kaivjokcxlh cel xmc` vrlwoa|{ a`l{* rls|oro`e ckaivjlxl xrc`{ aricxoa` a ic` cjj awlr xml uarjh o`cjj mo{ cxxox|hl{. Xr|l |`oxy o` xml uarjh* cjj axmlr ka)avlrcxowl l`xlrvro{l{* o`xlr`cxoa`cj c`h o`xlr)rckocj kc`

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    Garluarh

    mcrhjy xa|km xml karl a xml m|ic` vrabjli. Xmlrl arlox blkail{ o`k|ibl`x a` il` a {lroa|{ v|rva{l xa {llnxml rlcj c`h |jxoicxl {x| . Ox {ma|jh `ax bl {coh xmcx ulcrl ilrljy {llno`e xa ho{{ajwl il` o` xml vroilwcj c`haroeo`cj {|b{xc`kl c`h bl ja{x ar ilrelh o` ox arlwlr. A`xml ka`xrcry ox cvvlcr{ xmcx ul kc` mcrhjy mcwl |`owlr{cj{cjwcxoa` |`jl{{ ul rleco` xmcx cucrl`l{{ c`h l}vlrol`kla xmcx \jxoicxl {xcxl ar lckm. Xmo{ hal{ `ax ilc` xmll}xo`e|o{mil`x a xml rcy a krlcxoa` o` xml o`howoh|cj

    a` mo{ cxxco`il`x a xml i|nxo * jlcwo`e xml uarjh vaarlr*c`h Eah uoxma|x c rcy a jojc.

    Ox o{ xmlrl arl uoxm c lljo`e a |rel`ky a xmlo`howoh|cj |j jil`x c`h rlcjotcxoa` xmcx [mro RciKmc`hrcdo mc{ eowl` xmo{ baan xa xml uarjh. Icy ml jowlja`e xa {ll xml |j jil`x a xml mavl a cel{.

    Hr. N. K. Wcrchckmcro* I.C.* Vm.H.Xor|vcxo Rlchlr o` Vmoja{avmy-[a|xm O`hoc/ [ro Wl`ncxl{mucrc \`owlr{oxy

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    2=

    N`aujlhelD`cc`c

    Uml` xml xoil a krlcxoa` kcil* vrlvcrcxoa`{kaiil`klh* k|rrl`x{ jaulh a|x* wobrcxoa`{

    o`xl`{o olh* aricxoa` a n`ax{ - erc`xmo{/ {xcrxlh*iail`x|i ecxmlrlh* km|r`o`e vrakl{{ {lx o` c`h ckxoa`{c`h rlckxoa`{ blec` c`h ka`xo`|lh xojj abdlkx{ blec` xac{{|il o`howoh|cj ari{. Xml vrakl{{ a krlcxoa` xm|{kcil o`xa |jj {uo`e. C`oicxl c`h o`c`oicxl abdlkx{

    blec` xa kail o`xa l}o{xl`kl. O` ka|r{l a xoil cjj xmlabdlkx{ kcil xa joemx c`h xml |`owlr{l uc{ arilh.

    Xml ckxowoxy umokm mch {xcrxlh ul`x a` hlwljavo`exojj `cjjy xml ohlc a o`ckxowoxy umokm jcy cx xml baxxaia iaxoa` blec` xa {|rel |v. Ox arilh xml bc{o{ a cjjvmoja{avmokcj {vlk|jcxoa`{. Il`xcj c{vorcxoa`{ jlcho`e

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    llj c xlr c kaaj bcxm o` xml rowlr o` xml max {|iilr{.

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    o` axmlr uarh{* ilc`{ jowo`e o` xml jo l a xml vjckl* xmlka`hoxoa` xmcx hlwljav{ c xlr ilreo`e |rxmlr o`xa xmcxjowo`e xaa* bro`e{ xa |{ xml mcvvy xoho`e{ a a|r cvvrackmxa xml `l}x n`ax.

    w w w

    @o`xm N`axUl `au l`xlr xml `o`xm n`ax. Xml ari a l}vl)

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    27`a bacx o{ cwcojcbjl blkc|{l ox mch cjrlchy {|`n bl arl ulrlckmlh xmo{ vjckl. @au xmlrl o{ `axmo`e b|x eao`e a`c`h ul {uoi a` c`h a` kawlro`e jlce|l{ c xlr jlce|l{. Oxo{ b|x klrxco` xmcx o` xml ka|r{l a a|r waycel* `au* ulkail ckra{{ `|ilra|{ rovvjl{* ajh{ c`h uro`njl{* b|xcjj a xmli crl s|oxl {ojl`x c`h o`ckxowl l}klvx ar c co`xoivrl{{oa` a xmlor blo`e.

    Ul vrakllh a` uoxm ox xojj cx jc{x xmcx oivrl{{oa`

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    25;

    Xml Go`cj [xcxl

    xaa chl{ cucy c{ ox `cjjy i|{x> c`h xml {|r ckl blkail{s|oxl {iaaxm uoxma|x ajh{ ar uro`njl{. Xml {lwl` ro`e{a xml Kl`xrcj rleoa` c{ l}vjco`lh o` xml L gkcky a Rcdc_aec rl lr xa xmo{ wlry ka`hoxoa`. D|{x c{ c ic` uma mc{bll` xrcwljjo`e ja`e* {ailxoil{ kail{ xa c {xcxl o` umokmml arelx{ mo{ xorlh`l{{c` livorokcj vao`x umokm kc` blwlro lh by l}vlrol`kl{a hal{ a|r d`cc`c)mo`cxc umokmmc{ bra|emx |{ xa xml wlrel a xml aklc`* cj{a ulcr{ a|x

    rai lwl` xma|emx c`h elx{ s|oxl l}xo`kx. B|x ul mcwl

    xa ea a` |rxmlr {xojj.A|r d`cc`c)mo`cxc xaa mc{ au kail xa c` l`h. Xml

    `l}x {xcxl xmcx hlwljav{xma|em iarl cvvravrocxljy oxkc``ax bl {coh xa mcwl hlwljavlhkc` blxxlr bl l}vrl{{lhc{ xml {xcxl a xci `a joemx c`h `a hcrn`l{{. Xmo{ o{umcx xcnl{ |{ cja`e `au c`h xmlrl o{ `a l`h xa ox. Ul

    icy ea a` c`h a` b|x xmo{ uojj rlico` uoxm |{ arlwlr.O xmlrl bl c erlcx {a|j a kcjobrl uma icy bl cbjl xa

    kaivrlml`h umcx jol{ blya`h* ml icy bl cbjl xa ho{kawlrxmcx xmlrl o{ c vao`x* rcxmlr c ro`e* xmlrl. Xml ka`klvxoa`a c ro`e ra|`h xml kl`xrl o{ o`ho{vl`{cbjl. [|km c a`l c{o{ kcvcbjl a mcwo`e c` l}vlrol`kl a xml kl`xrcj vao`x o{wlry rcrljy bar`. [xojj jlx il rlwlcj {ailxmo`e cba|x ox.[|vva{l xmlrl bl {|km c erlcx {a|j o` l}o{xl`kl uma uo{ml{xa ho{kawlr umcx l}o{x{ uoxmo`* xrol{ xa vllv o`xa xml ro`ecra|`h umokm cjj xml vaulr{ a @cx|rl aroeo`cxl* xml`ml o{ v|{mlh bckn rai ox. C`ymau* o c xlr |`hlreao`ecjj {makn{ ml o{ `cjjy cbjl xa icnl a|x {ailxmo`e a oxxml` uarh{ ua|jh coj xa l}vrl{{ ox.

    Xmo{ o{ xml `cj joiox a m|ic` cvvrackm c`h a`l{a cr mc{ bll` cbjl xa ea blya`h* c`h ar xml |x|rl jlxaxmlr{ ka`dlkx|rl o xmly kc`. Chwc`klil`x lwl` |v xaxmo{ vao`x o{ uljj `oem oiva{{objl.

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    258

    Xaucrh{ O` `oxy

    Umcx crl xml{l {lwl` ro`e{1 Xmly crl xml ka`kl`)xrcxlh l{{l`kl a vaulr umokm aroeo`cxl{ rai xml kl`xrcjro`e |v xa umokm ckkl{{ o{ cjia{x oiva{{objl. [xojj jlxil* maulwlr* jcy hau` xml ilc`{ ar ox. Xmly crl s|oxl{oivjl c`h lc{y. Uml` xml xma|emx a d|ivo`e |v cro{l{o` mo{ mlcrx ox elx{ ox{lj jo`nlh uoxm xml ro`e. @au o a`l vokn{ |v ka|rcel xa ilrel mo{ xma|emx o`xa xml ro`e*b|x uoxm c kcrl |j vrlkc|xoa` xmcx ml i|{x nllv c kja{lucxkm |va` mo{ mlcrx jl{x ox ioemx b|r{x arxm* ml icy

    bl cbjl xa mcwl {ail ejoiv{l a ox* b|x a`jy ar c lu{lka`h{ c xlr umokm ml {mcjj mcwl xa elx bckn. O mcwl xm|{jcoh hau` xml ilxmah c`h ox o{ `au |v xa axmlr{ xa hcrlo xmly jonl.

    C`axmlr oivarxc`x lcx|rl a {vorox|cjoxy o{ xml{vlkocj uojj. Vrabcbjy lu icy bl cucrl a ox{ |jj {oe)

    `o kc`kl. Uml` ox o{ cvvjolh rai c wlry moem jlwlj a {vorox|cj chwc`klil`x ox{ l lkx o{ {|rl blya`h ha|bx. Oxi|{x cj{a bl bar`l o` io`h xmcx ox uarn{ rlljy |v xa xmlvao`x ar n`ax umokm ox mox{ a`* c`h o ox o{ }lh blya`hxml {lwl` ro`e{ a xml Kl`xrcj Rleoa` ox o{ s|oxl |` cojo`ec`h xml l lkx xmlrla {mcjj hl `oxljy kail xa joemx o` h|lka|r{l. Ox kc` lwl` {xav xml iaxoa` a xml {xcr{ c`h vjc`lx{ar ka|`xlrckx xmlor l lkx. Xmo{ o` cjjobojoxy a uojj o{ o`

    ckx xml rlcj o`xlrvrlxcxoa` a xml kmcrckxlro{xok lcx|rla Brcmicecxoxml {xcxl a Brcmic`umokm mc{ bll`rlvrl{l`xlh o` {a ic`y howlr{l ucy{ o` a|r {krovx|rl{.

    Mlrl O mcwl eowl` {a i|kmxma|em ylx ox bleecr{hl{krovxoa`a`jy ar xml cwaulh {co`x{ xa mljv xmli

    ari c karrlkx l{xoicxl a xmli{ljwl{. Ox o{ cj{a b|x klrxco`xmcx {|km c vlr{a`cjoxy `lwlr kail{ a c`h a` c`h xmcxml |{l{ xmo{ {vlkocj uojj a`jy o` icxxlr{ a xml {vorox|cj`cx|rl c`h `lwlr lj{lumlrl.

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    25 o ox au bl x|r`lh c`xo)kjaknuo{l xml |`owlr{l uojjbleo` xa ho{{ajwl. Xml {|` c`h xml iaa` uojj bleo` xaja{l xmlor joemx c`h xml {vc` a xml lcrxm{ l}o{xl`kl uojjbl rlh|klh.

    @au ceco` xml barhlr ro`e ra|`h xml Kl`xrl* c{ Omcwl {coh bl arl* hal{ `ax cjjau c`ya`l xa kra{{ awlr ox.

    _lx o xmlrl bl a`l {a moemjy {vlkocjo{lh c{ xa bl kcvcbjl a arko`e c lu {lka`h{ vllv o`xa ox* ml kc` bro`e xml l`xorll}o{xl`kl xa `c|emx o by xml arkl a mo{ uojj ml c }l{ra|`h xml ro`e c jowo`e xma|emx a l`ho`e xml |`owlr{lc`h howlrx{ ox{ gau xaucrh{ xml Kl`xrcj Rleoa`. Ox uojjxml` kaibo`l uoxm xml kl`xrcj l`lrey* krlcxo`e wobrcxoa`{umokm* uml` l}vc`hlh* uojj arkl ox{ hl{kl`x hau`ucrh{.@au erlcxlr xml arkl el`lrcxlh xml {xra`elr uojj bl ox{ckxoa`. C`axmlr ilxmah ar ox ua|jh bl xa rlwlr{l xmlhau`ucrh gau a vaulr{ xaucrh{ xml Kl`xrl by xml arkla xml uojj. By hao`e {a xml iail`x|i ox{lj uojj x|r`

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    2=6

    Xaucrh{ O` `oxy

    c`xo)kjaknuo{l* c`h xml l lkx a uojj {mcjj s|oknl` xmlvrakl{{. A` xml axmlr mc`h o ml a`jy jakcxl{ mo{ uojj a`xml ro`e ra|`h xml Kl`xrl xml` ox uojj kail o`xa l lkx{jaujy.

    Uml` xmo`e{ {xc`h {a a`l kc` vlrmcv{ mcwl c xr|ll{xoicxl a xml ic`{ o``lr vaulr{ xma|em O mcwl mo`xlhlwlryxmo`e o` c wlry e|crhlh ic``lr. O a`l* mcwo`e vra)erl{{lh |v xa xmcx l}xl`x* uc`x{ xa l lkx c`y rlicrncbjlkmc`el o` @cx|rl* xml ilxmah ua|jh bl s|oxl {oivjl c`h|` cojo`e* ar mcrhjy ua|jh xmlrl bl c`yxmo`e xaa cr raimoi. Xml ilxmah ua|jh bl xa dao` mo{ au` xma|emx xaxml rlcj {xcxl o` {|km c ucy xmcx xmlrl bl `a uarh{ o` oxb|x a`jy c {|eel{xoa` xa l}vrl{{ mo{ v|rva{l. Xml {cilxmo`e uojj xml` {lx xa uarn ar xml ckkaivjo{mil`x a xmlxc{n c`h xmcx ua|jh bl xml howo`l kaiic`h c{ uljj. B|x

    xmo{ uojj mcvvl` a`jy uml`* c{ {xcxlh cbawl* xml ka`xckxuoxm xml Bm|ic o{ {a l{xcbjo{mlh xmcx xml xmo`e l}o{xo`eo` xml mlcrx icy bl rl{a|`ho`e xmlrl d|{x jonl xml axmlrl`h a xml uorl umokm bleo`{ xa wobrcxl by xml l lkx a xa|km cx a`l l`h.

    Uml` c hlwaxll cxxco`{ xmo{ {xcel ml `a ja`elr rl)ico`{ c {|vvjokc`x o` xml {xrokx {l`{l* xma|em mo{ m|ibjl{|vvjokcxoa`{ vlr{o{x {xojj c{ h|jy xmly i|{x. Rlcjjy ox o{a`jy a` ckka|`x a mo{ el`xjl`l{{ a kmcrckxlr xmcx xmlrljcxoa` umokm mc{ bra|emx moi |v xa ox o{ ico`xco`lhcjj xmra|em. O` ckkarhc`kl uoxm ox ml rlklowl{ kaiic`h{

    ar xml uarn rls|orlh ar xml uarjh. Mo{ au` va{oxoa` o`xmo{ rl{vlkx o{ vrckxokcjjy `oj. Ml o{ o` c ucy a`jy c vcrx

    a xml Bm|ic.Xmo{ ka`hoxoa` hal{ `ax cjj xa c`ya`l{ jax l}klvx

    a` rcrl akkc{oa`{ uml` @cx|rl uc`x{ awlrmc|jo`e a xmluarjh ar xml |`owlr{l. Xmlrl kc` `lwlr bl xua vlr{a`)

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    2=3

    Xml Go`cj [xcxl

    cjoxol{ a xmo{ kcxleary cx xml {cil xoil o` xml uarjh.Xmlrl {mcjj bl a`l c`h a`jy a`l {|km vlr{a`cjoxy o` cjjxml |`owlr{l cx c xoil c`h xmcx xaa a`jy uml` @cx|rl o{o` `llh a ox.

    O mcwl `au hlcjx uoxm xml ho lrl`x ka`hoxoa`{ a n`aujlhel |v xa xml jc{x. O ul xry xa l}vrl{{ ox iarlcvvravrocxljy xml uarh n`aujlhel ua|jh bl cr xaa o`)chls|cxl. Jlx c{vorc`x{ xry xa rlckm |v xa xml vao`x. Ox o{d|{x jonljy xmcx xmlrl icy bl {ailxmo`e blya`h xmcx xaa*b|x xmcx o{ a`jy c {|eel{xoa` ar xml va{xlroxy* c`h xma{luma crl o` xml vrl{l`x icy cj{a va`hlr awlr ox.

    3 [ll Cvvl`ho} OO.

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    Cvvl`ho} O

    C x xml xoil uml` xmlrl uc{ a`jy xml Cb{aj|xl c`h akrlcxoa`* xml s|l{xoa` a xoil hoh `ax cro{l cx cjj.Uml` xml xma|emx a krlcxoa` eax l`jowl`lh o` xml Bc{l*

    ox uc{ vlr lkxjy rll rai lwlryxmo`e. Ox vrakllhlh a` c`hh|l xa xml l lkx a iaxoa`* eax xrc`{ arilh o`xa vaulr*uoxm ox{ xl`hl`ky horlkxlh xaucrh{ ckxoa`. B|x ar xmlckxoa`* ox i|{x `cx|rcjjy {xc`h o` `llh a ljh ar bc{l.@au xml brol vc|{l* o`xlrwl`o`e blxull` xml aroeo`cjxma|emx c`h {|b{ls|l`x blo`e* ar o` axmlr uarh{ blxull`kc|{l c`h l lkx* uc{ cjrlchy xmlrl. Xmo{ kc` cvvravrocxljybl o`xlrvrlxlh c{ h|rcxoa` ar xoil c`h {lrwlh ar xml

    ljh ar ox{ ckxoa`. Xm|{ xoil mcwo`e ilrelh o`xa xmlvaulr* eax xrc`{ arilh ox{lj o`xa vaulr* ar |rxmlr ck)xoa` xaucrh{ krlcxoa`.

    C{ c el`lrcj r|jl c xma|emx uml` ox blkail{ hllvbro`e{ o`xa l lkx {ailxmo`e jonl c vc|{l* umokm mc{ c

    xrlil`ha|{ arkl. O` kc{l a xml Kl`xrl* xml s|l{xoa` a hlvxm hal{ `ax cro{l cx cjj blkc|{l a vlr lkx |`o ari)oxy xmlrl. Xml ohlc a wljakoxy a arkl* xml horlkx ckxoa`a xml io`h* uc{ cj{a cb{l`x xmlrl* {o`kl xml Kl`xrl arxml \jxoicxl Brcmi* xma|em cb{aj|xl* hoh `ax va{{l{{io`h.

    Xm|{ umcxlwlr l}o{xlh blxull` xml xma|emx c`h xmlckxoa` uc{ vaulr* umokm o{ xlrilh c{ xoil. Xml {cilvaulr ul xaa mcwl eax c{ a|r {mcrl b|x o` ckkarhc`kluoxm a|r joioxlh kcvckoxy. @au o` arhlr xa |xojo{l xmo{vaulr ul mcwl xa ilrel ox o` xml erlcxlr vaulr a xml

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    2=;

    Cvvl`ho} O

    Kl`xrl* umokm o{ cjj c`h cb{aj|xl. Xmlrl o{ `axmo`e o`xml uarjh`ax lwl` xml ilecxa` baib a xml iahlr`{kol`klxa icxkm xmo{ erlcx vaulr. Xml iahlr` {kol`klicy `ax ylx mcwl rlcjotlh ox{ |jj {oe`o kc`kl* xma|emlwl` o ox mch* ox ua|jh mcwl |xojo{lh ox ar xml hl{xr|k)xowl v|rva{l{ a`jy.

    Xml vaulr kc` maulwlr bl bra|emx hau` xa lcrxmc`h |xojo{lh o` uarn by xml l}lrko{l a {xra`e uojj)vaulr.C yaeo cx xml moeml{x jlwlj a c{kl`x o{ maulwlr uoxm oxka`{koa|{jy ar |`ka`{koa|{jy. Xa iy wolu* xml {kol`kla vmy{ok{ kc``ax bl xcnl` c{ kaivjlxl uoxma|x c |jjn`aujlhel a xmo{ erlcx vaulr umokm o{ o` ckx xml raaxa cjj vaulr{.

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    2=