ETSI SUMMIT:

5G FROM MYTH TO REALITY

TOWARDS ACCIDENT FREE DRIVING Niels Peter Skov Andersen,

General Manager Car 2 Car Communication Consortium

© All rights reserved

How do we stop the cars colliding

First step is to try to ensure that all objects in the traffic is

seen and reacted to, but

But what about blind spots ?

How do we see around corners

How do we know what is behind the next bend on the road ?

How do we know that there is a hazard ?

How do we see through the lorry in front of us ?

C-ITS is providing the help by letting the vehicles talk together

21-04-2016 2

An example of C-ITS

High placed stoplights

was introduced to warn

drivers about cars breaking

further ahead

But if the vehicle in between

is a van it might block the view

But by broadcasting the

‘breaking light’ over radio

then adjacent vehicles can

‘see’ the breaking light

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The C2C-CC is a non-profit organization initiated and formed 2002 by

European vehicle manufacturers

Mission and objective

Support the Vehicle2X deployment

Develop guidelines for a Car2Car communication system

Develop realistic deployment strategies

Establish open European standards for a Car2Car communication system

Push harmonisation of C2C Communication Standards worldwide

Use of Free of charge European wide exclusive frequency band (5.9 GHz)

CAR 2 CAR Communication Consortium

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CAR 2 CAR Communication Consortium

Members

Major Automotive Stakeholders

16 Vehicle Manufacturers

36 Suppliers

28 Research Organisations

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Dedicated Short-Range Communication for exchanging messages between

vehicles, and between vehicles and road-side units

NO communication costs (direct communication in license exempt frequency band)

Reserved frequency band at 5,9 GHz (EU and US)

Enhancement of the IEEE 802.11 (802.11p) standard

Standardized at ETSI (as ITS-G5)

Communication ranges of

> 100 m in urban areas

> 600 m in rural areas and highways

Communication latency < 10 ms

Information dissemination rates

up to 10 times-per-second (10 Hz)

CAR 2 CAR Communication Consortium

Technology Basis

WLAN

ITS G5

ITS G5

ITS G5

ITS G5

Internet

21-04-2016 6

C2C-CC – Guiding principles for V2X roadmaps

Focus on information exchange (between traffic participants)

Cooperate on providing information

Provide clearly defined information (standards)

Use commonly agreed air-interfaces (WLANp)

Focus on localized dissemination patterns (geo-areas)

The information provided has to build “on top of each other”

Compete in capitalizing on the information (applications)

Each traffic participant can (freely) use the received information

Automatic driving functions are enhanced

21-04-2016 7

V2X Roadmaps – Applications

0

20

40

60

80

100

100% installation of new vehicle sales

100% installation of new vehicle plattforms

10 year ramp-up to 100% installation of newvehicles

Installation on select new vehicle type ofluxury and upper middle class vehicles

Take-over of the

driving functions

• Fully Automated

Driving

• Optimal Traffic

Flow

Status Data

• Intersection Collision W

• Emergency Vehicle W

• Dangerous Situation W

• Stationary Vehicle W

• Traffic-Jam W

• Pre-/Post-Crash W

• Hazardous Location W

• Adverse Weather W

• Roadworks W 1.0

Sensor Data

• GLOSA 1.0

• In-Vehicle Information

• Roadworks W 2.0

• Connected ACC

• Overtaking W

• VRU Warning 1.0

• ...

Intention Data

• GLOSA 2.0

• Roadworks Assistance

• Lane-Merge Assistance

• Area Reservation

• Cooperative ACC

• VRU Warning 2.0

• Platooning

• …

Coordination Data

• Cooperative Merging

• Overtaking Assistance

• Intersection Assistance

• Dynamic Platooning

• VRU Assistance

• …

Phase 1

Awareness Driving

Phase 2

Sensing Driving

Phase 3

Cooperative Driving

Phase 5

Accident-free

Driving

Phase 4

Synchronized

Cooperative Driving

Dissemination Cooperation

Automation Level

21-04-2016 8

V2X Roadmaps – Applications

0

20

40

60

80

100

100% installation of new vehicle sales

100% installation of new vehicle plattforms

10 year ramp-up to 100% installation of newvehicles

Installation on select new vehicle type ofluxury and upper middle class vehicles

Take-over of the

driving functions

• Fully Automated

Driving

• Optimal Traffic

Flow

Status Data

• Intersection Collision W

• Emergency Vehicle W

• Dangerous Situation W

• Stationary Vehicle W

• Traffic-Jam W

• Pre-/Post-Crash W

• Hazardous Location W

• Adverse Weather W

• Roadworks W 1.0

Sensor Data

• GLOSA 1.0

• In-Vehicle Information

• Roadworks W 2.0

• Connected ACC

• Overtaking W

• VRU Warning 1.0

• ...

Intention Data

• GLOSA 2.0

• Roadworks Assistance

• Lane-Merge Assistance

• Area Reservation

• Cooperative ACC

• VRU Warning 2.0

• Platooning

• …

Coordination Data

• Cooperative Merging

• Overtaking Assistance

• Intersection Assistance

• Dynamic Platooning

• VRU Assistance

• …

Phase 1

Awareness Driving

Phase 2

Sensing Driving

Phase 3

Cooperative Driving

Phase 5

Accident-free

Driving

Phase 4

Synchronized

Cooperative Driving

Dissemination Cooperation

Automation Level

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Day

0

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Phase 1

Status Dataposition, speed, events, …

Day

1

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Phase 1

Status Data

Phase 2

Sensor Data+

position, speed, events, …

objects, field-of-view, …

Day

2

21-04-2016 12

V2X Roadmaps – Applications

0

20

40

60

80

100

100% installation of new vehicle sales

100% installation of new vehicle plattforms

10 year ramp-up to 100% installation of newvehicles

Installation on select new vehicle type ofluxury and upper middle class vehicles

Take-over of the

driving functions

• Fully Automated

Driving

• Optimal Traffic

Flow

Status Data

• Intersection Collision W

• Emergency Vehicle W

• Dangerous Situation W

• Stationary Vehicle W

• Traffic-Jam W

• Pre-/Post-Crash W

• Hazardous Location W

• Adverse Weather W

• Roadworks W 1.0

Sensor Data

• GLOSA 1.0

• In-Vehicle Information

• Roadworks W 2.0

• Connected ACC

• Overtaking W

• VRU Warning 1.0

• ...

Intention Data

• GLOSA 2.0

• Roadworks Assistance

• Lane-Merge Assistance

• Area Reservation

• Cooperative ACC

• VRU Warning 2.0

• Platooning

• …

Coordination Data

• Cooperative Merging

• Overtaking Assistance

• Intersection Assistance

• Dynamic Platooning

• VRU Assistance

• …

Phase 1

Awareness Driving

Phase 2

Sensing Driving

Phase 3

Cooperative Driving

Phase 5

Accident-free

Driving

Phase 4

Synchronized

Cooperative Driving

Dissemination Cooperation

Automation Level

21-04-2016 13

Phase 1

Status Data

Phase 2

Sensor Data

Phase 3

Intention Data

+

+

position, speed, events, …

objects, field-of-view, …

intentions, trajectories …

Day

3

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Phase 1

Status Data

Phase 2

Sensor Data

Phase 3

Intention Data

Phase 4

Coordination Data

+

+

+

position, speed, events, …

objects, field-of-view, …

intentions, trajectories …

synchronized trajectories

Day

4

21-04-2016 15

What could be the benefits of connected and automated driving?As compiled from discussions within the Amsterdam Group

Vehicle manufacturers

• Optimal navigation through optimal information

A very exact prognosis of the traffic

• Enable automatic driving over large parts of individual trips

Very exact positioning (absolute and relative)

Increased availability (also on snowy roads, less perfect markings)

Infrastructure operators

• Reduce maintenance costs

• Optimize the capacity and usage of their network

Digital traffic signs / Digital data collection

IRSs could complement less-perfect markings

Increased availability (also on snowy roads, less perfect markings)

21-04-2016 16

V2X Roadmaps – Technology R

ele

as

e / t

ime

Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4

domain

CAM

DENM

GN-SHB

GN-GBC

single-channel

G5A-CCH

Day1 CC

SPAT MAP IVI

Platoon Management Msg.

Parking Mng. Msg.

GN-Unicast

GN6

Intention Msg.

Automatic-driving

Messages

G5A-SC1

G5A-SC2

G5B-SC3G5B-SC4G5D-SC5

dual-channel

switched-mode

GN-Groupcast

Segmentation/Reassembly

multi-channel CC

I2V Coop. Messages

Collective Perception Msg.

GN/BTP + QoS

Advanced FWD

Misbehaviour detection

SAM

Day-1 PKI

Sec-Maintainability

PC-change rules

dual-channel CC

Simultaneousdual-channel

Simultaneousmulti-channel

Dis

se

min

ati

on

Co

op

era

tio

n

Data Streaming Platoon Control Msg.

Collective Positioning Msg.

Electronic Horizon Msg.

Digital Inspection Msg.

60 GHz Comm.

CAMv2

Au

tom

ati

on

Le

ve

l

IVI-Platoon Extensions

Symmetric Crypto.

Misbehaviour detection

21-04-2016 17

What could be the use cases for 5G in vehicles

• Map update for highly automatic driving - Instantly update the

map of vehicle's surrounding. The challenge of this use case

is that the vehicle is currently in the tile that needs to be

updated, hence a very quick update is required.

• Precise Positioning high speed, no GPS, support for

vehicles without high precision location tracking like cars

• Audio / Video Streaming (Entertainment)

• Online Gaming - side jobs

• Sensor- and State Map Sharing (Sensor Raw Data) -

Transmit raw sensor data such that others can use their own

classifiers to infer decisions

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What could be the use cases for 5G

• Camera and Radar sharing to improve visibility, including

See-Through Share sensor information to augment ego

vehicle's view. Allows for better visibility in presence of

obstructing vehicles, heavy rain / fog, etc.

• Short-Term Sensor sharing for crash mitigation - Mitigate

crash between multiple vehicle by last-minute traffic

exchange

• Traffic forwarding using cars as relays Extend coverage

or improve efficiency by using the car as a relay

• Teleoperated Driving "Let car be controlled by off-site driver

/ car operator e.g. car sharing, taxi operator, …“

• Augemented Reality, e.g. Daytime-Visibility at night)

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Thank You!

Questions?

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