tourism marketing written report

8/12/2019 Tourism Marketing Written Report

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TOURISM MARKETING

Tourism

Tourism comprises the activities of persons travelling to and staying in places outside

their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business

and other purposes - WTO, 1992: subsequently ratified by the UN Statistical

Commission in 1994)

The UN definition pulls together the three main elements of travel and tourism:

1. Because of the stress on the words outside the usual environment. Visitor

activity is concerned only with aspects of life other than normal routines of work,

sustenance and social commitments, and outside the locations of those normal daily

routines. Although this is easy to state, it is very difficult to define what it means in

practice and measure it in surveys.

2. The activity necessitates travel and, in nearly every case, some form of

transport to the destination.

3. Specific destinations are the focus for a range of visitor activities, and a range

of facilities required to support those activities. Such activities and facilities have a

combination of economic, social and environmental impacts that are the basis for

tourism policy and visitor management programs as well as marketing.

Marketing

Marketing means achieving the firms goals by identifying the needs and desires

of consumers, and then satisfying them better than competitors.


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Marketing is an essential part of running a business. New tourism businesses s

need to undertake some basic marketing initiatives to be successful. The best hotel,

tour or attraction in the world will not succeed without a planned approach to marketing.

Tourism Marketing

Tourism Marketing is the application of the principle and techniques of marketing

to the general field of tourism.

Tourism marketing refers to the organized, combined efforts of the national

tourist bodies and/or the businesses in the tourism sector of an international, national or

local area to achieve growth in tourism by maximizing the satisfaction of tourists. In

doing so, the tourist bodies and businesses expect to receive profits.

Tourism marketing differs from marketing in other sectors because of certain

characteristics of the tourist product. Tourism is an intangible product that cannot be

transferred from one consumer to another. Consumption happens at once, and the

consumer relies on pre-purchase information to make his decisions because he has no

option to see, inspect, compare or try out the product beforehand. Many different

producers are involved to create and market the product. Demand is seasonal and

motivations of consumers vary widely.

Five Main Sectors of in Travel and Tourism

1. Hospitality or Accommodation Sector

Accommodation is the temporary home for travelers. It ranges from

simple sleeping places to deluxe suites for eating, entertainment, and sleeping.


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Accommodation industry is made up of hotels/motels, guest houses/bed &

breakfast, farmhouses, apartments/villas/cottages, condominiums/time share

resorts, vacation villages/holiday centers, conference/exhibitions centers,

restaurants, Inns, cafes.

2. Attractions and Events Sector

Theme Parks, Museums & galleries, National Parks, Wildlife parks, Gardens,

Heritage sites & centers, Sports/ activity centers, Themed

retail/leisure/entertainment centers, Festivals and events

3. Transport Sector

It provides the essential link between tour ism origin and destination

areas. It also helps to facilitate the movement of travelers either for leisure or

business.

Transport sector consists of airlines, shipping lines/ferries, railways,

bus/coach operators, car rental operators.

4. Travel Organizers and Intermediaries Sector

Intermediaries are Middle-Men, acting as a link between the customer

and the supplier. In the travel business, the suppliers consist of airlines, cruise

and ferry companies, coach/bus companies, railways, hotels and motels, and car

rental agencies. The customers include holiday makers, business travelers, and

those visiting friends and relatives.


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Intermediaries composed of travel e-mediaries, tour operators, tour

wholesalers/brokers, retail travel agents, conference organizers, booking

agencies, Incentive travel organizer.

5. Destination Organization Sector

National tourist offices, Destination marketing organizations, Regional/state

tourist offices, Local tourist offices, Tourist associations

Market Segmentation

Market segmentation recognizes that people differ in their tastes, needs, attitudes,

lifestyles, family size and composition, etc. It is a deliberate policy of maximizing market

demand by directing marketing efforts at significant sub-groups of customers or

consumers - (Chisnall, 1985: 264)

Market segmentation is the process whereby businesses organize their

knowledge current and potential customer groups and select for particular attention of

those whose needs and wants they are best able to supply with their products, both now

and in the future. Segmentation is also the necessary first stage in the process of

setting precise marketing objectives and targets and the basis for effective planning,

budgeting and control of marketing activities. It is the basis for positioning, branding and

communicating relevant images to targeted users.

Market Segments in Tourism

1. The Organized Mass Tourist


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These people have little or no influence over their travel experience other than to

purchase one package or another. They commonly travel in a group, view the

destination through the windows of a tour bus, and remain in preselected hotels.

2. Individual Mass Tourist

These people are similar to the previous category but have somewhat more

control over their itinerary.

3. Explorer

These people plan for their own itinerary and make their own reservations. They

tend to be sociable people who enjoy interacting with people at the destination.

4. Drifter

These people, the backpackers group, will seldom, if ever be found in a

traditional hotel. They may stay out at the youth hotels with friends or camp out.

They tend to mix with the lower-socio-economic native groups.

5. Visiting Friends or Relatives (VFR)

These people stay in the homes of friends and relatives.

6. Business Travelers

This often encompasses any form of business including conventions, trade

shows, job seeking and many other reasons.

7. Education and Religious traveler

This group includes student, those on a pilgrimage, missionaries and a host of

others.


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8. Pass-through tourists

The visitors who travel through the city without staying in place or just stop by

Categories of Tourism Marketing

1. Major Tourist Attractions

This category is for attractions which market primarily to a national and/or

international audience and are considered a hallmark destination in their own

right. They may be publicly or privately owned and can operate in conjunction

with a natural attraction or on their own.

2. Major Festivals and Events

This category is open to hallmark festivals or events that createsubstantial economic impact, attract visitors from interstate and/or overseas,

generate national or international media profile and positively promote the

destination. They may be one-off or recurring.

3. Ecotourism

This category aims to recognize ecologically sustainable tourism with a

primary focus on experiencing natural areas that foster environmental and

cultural understanding, appreciation and conservation.

4. Heritage and Cultural Tourism

This category aims to recognize tourism operations that foster a greater

understanding of history, heritage and/or culture.

5. Business Tourism

This category is openbut not limited toconference facilities and other

meetings industry operators, service providers and suppliers who maximize the

tourism experience for meetings and business travelers.

6. Major Tour and/or Transport Operators

This category is open to tour and/or transport operators with 15 or more

annual fulltime equivalent employees. It is not a transport award but does

recognize a major contribution to tourism through the provision of tour guiding

services and transport services. Entrants must offer a tourism experience as a

significant part of their operation.


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7. Adventure Tourism

This category is open to operators providing adventure tourism

experiences that involve active customer participation. Examples could include

but are not limited to rafting, ballooning, bushwalking, scuba diving, rock

climbing, four-wheel driving, fishing, horse riding and abseiling.

Factors Influencing Tourism Marketing

Global Economy

Travel is often seen as a luxury, and when people are earning less or worried

about earning less, they may eliminate travel from their budgets. According to the World

Travel and Tourism Council, global travel and tourism was down nearly 5 percent in

2009, specifically due to a struggling economy. Still, as the economy bounces back, the

tourism industry will as well.

Internet and Social Media

Consumers have instant access to reviews and opinions about travel spots and

accommodations around the world, as well as airlines, car rental agencies and other

related travel companies. More and more, people turn to the Internet to research

potential trips and seek out bargains. Thus, the Internet and social media can influence

consumers' travel choices.

Personal Budgets

Even with a bad economy, some people still need or want to travel. Airlines offer

online specials for discount flights and last-minute trips, and companies such as Kayak

exist solely to gather the best travel deals on the Internet into one place, so shoppers

can compare prices. Travelers no longer need to rely on the standard price for

transportation or accommodations. They may now make their travel choices based

solely on price.

Seasonal Changes


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Changes in season are common angles to modify your marketing message. The

shift from winter to spring brings a different type of audience to certain destinations. Ski-

bound travelers looking for snow in the winter should be marketed to cabin leisure and

toasty campfires. Alternatively, promote hiking trips and lakeside recreation for spring

ad campaigns. School seasons that end before the summer affect how many travelers

are in and out of your destination during family travel months. Groups also tend to travel

more on holidays, especially three-day vacations to visit family and friends.

Tough Economy

When the population is going through a tough economy, this will affect how far,

when and how long travelers will take trips. A Public Opinion Strategies and Momentum

Analysis reported in a May 2010 survey on Walmart mom shoppers that 80 percent of

them travel less or plan to travel less as a result of a struggling economy. This downturn

in spending will affect how you market your destinations based on them being

economical, in close driving distance to local residents and value-driven.

Political Aspects

As a result of higher security enforcements, bear in mind travel restrictions or

increased sensitivity as directed by political clearance. If there is a threat to your

destination, your marketing efforts need to shift to a public awareness campaign asking

for support and comforting guests that travel is satisfactory.

Special Events

Popular special events such as sporting events, major concerts or film festivals

are reasons travelers visit a destination and often plan an entire trip around the main

event. This is an opportune time for you to market months in advance state and region-

wide to get a boost in visitors. Even for tourists who are not attending the headlining

festivities, supplemental events will attract them to be among the adventures.

Inclement Weather/Natural Disasters


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Often last minute or unexpected weather conditions will heavily influence your

marketing plans. Hurricane affects may require your marketing strategies to focus on

discounts during the season or heavy promotion after the season. Snowbirds will flock

down south for the winter and should see advertising inviting them to enjoy fun in the

warm sun to avoid winter blizzards.

The Tourism Product

Product means customer value (the perceived benefits and quality of experience

provided to meet needs and wants, quality of service received and the value for money

delivered assessed against the competition).

Productcustomer value

Product covers the shape or form of what is offered to prospective customers; in

other words, the characteristics of the product as designed by strategic management

decisions in response to marketing managers knowledge of consumer wants, needs

and benefits sought. For tourism, product components includes:

Basic design of all the components that are put together as an offer to customers, for

example, a short-break package marketed by a hotel group.

Style and ambience of the offer. For service products dealing with customers on the

premises where products are delivered, this is mainly a function of design decisionscreating the physical environment, and ambience (also known as physical evidence)

judged appropriate to the products image and price.

The service element, including numbers, training, attitudes and appearance of all staff

engaged in the processes that deliver the product to the consumer especially front of

house staff.

Branding, the focus for communications, which identifies particular products with a

particular set of values, a unique name, image and expectation of the experience to be

delivered.

Product

Designed

Hotel Scheduled airline

Museum

Location/building

size/ grounds/

design/room size/

Routes/service

frequency

Aircraft type/size

Building size/

design/facilities

Types of collection


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characteristics/

packaging

Service

component

Branding

Image/reputation/

position

facilities in hotel

furnishings/decor/

ambience/ lighting/

catering styles

Staff numbers/

uniforms/ attitudes/

customer

responsiveness

e.g. Holiday Inn,

Marriott, Meridien

e.g. upmarket,

downmarket

Seat size/space

Decor, meals, style

Staff numbers,

uniforms/attitudes/

customer

responsiveness

e.g. American

Airlines, British

Airways, Virgin

Atlantic

e.g. reliable, exotic

food, badly

managed

Size of collection

Interior display/

interpretation

Staff numbers,

uniforms/attitudes/

customer

responsiveness

e.g. Tate Gallery

(London)

Metropolitan

Museum (New

York)

e.g. dull, exciting,

modern

Price

Normal or regular

price

Promotional price

(for each product

Rack rates

Corporate rates

Privileged user

rates

Tour operator

First class/

business/tourist

fares

APEX/bulk

purchase fares

(assuming charge

made)

Adult rate, senior

citizen rate

Group/party rates


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Broadcast media advertising (radio and television)

Sales management and personal selling, including training, and supervision and sales

efforts of company management personnel

Internet marketing

OSNs seem to have rapidly attracted a considerable attention by Internet users

of all ages. They are, almost unanimously, recognized as the busiest environments, and

this is valid especially for Facebook which has become in few years by way the largest

(in number of users) and the most widespread (in geographical terms) online social

network in the World.

Place

Used to describe the location of all the points of sale that provide prospective

customers with access to tourist products

DIRECT AND INDIRECT DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS

Direct distribution channel - a channel through which a company delivers its

product to the consumer without the outside assistance of any independent

intermediaries

Indirect distribution channel - a channel through which a company distributes itsproduct with the assistance of independent intermediaries

DIFFERENT KINDS OF TRAVEL INTERMEDIARIES

Tour Wholesalers and Operators

Retail Travel Agencies

Incentive Travel Planners

Convention-meeting Planners

DOT Philippines

Feb 7, 2014
http://www.youtube.com/user/morefunph?feature=watchhttp://www.youtube.com/user/morefunph?feature=watch


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Three months after Typhoon Haiyan, a whole nation wants to show its gratitude to the

whole world. This is the Philippines. And this is our way of saying thank you to every

one who is helping us rebuild after the storm. #PHthankyou

Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2x3odfwVeFU

Booming Philippines

Published on May 25, 2013

Positive developments in the Philippines. The stock market is on record highs.

Rating agencies are now giving investment grade ratings to the country, which will

encourage more investors to do business in the country. The peso is appreciating in

value. The economic growth rate is one of the world's highest. More businesses are

coming in. More tourists as well. The once sick man is Asia is now a rising Asian tiger.

Even foreigners are buying Philippine real estate for investment pupanrposes. Last

year, there were around 500 Singaporean nationals who bought condo units in Manila.

For fellow Filipinos, it's a good time to invest in our country's real estate.

Future trends in the tourism industry

posted | Friday, 08 Jun 2012

During the last decade, the tourism industry has seen many important changes

that will have a significant impact on future tourist demand. Mohamed Derouiche

investigates.

On the one hand, the rise of e-tourism, the democratisation of travel and the

tendency to book and to make up ones trip online rather than to buy a standard tourist
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2x3odfwVeFUhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2x3odfwVeFU


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We can predict that competition between destinations is going to be fiercer in the

future. Each country should therefore look for a competitive advantage that it can

develop and exploit.

New emerging outbound markets

Among the biggest emerging outbound markets, we can cite here China and

India with over a billion people each, many of which are starting to travel internationally.

If we look, for instance, at the number of Chinese people who travelled abroad, it rose

considerably between 2006 (34,524 million travellers) and 2010 (57,386 million

travellers) thus marking a 66 per cent increase over the four years (2).

Indian travellers, however, reached 12,988 millions in 2010 while they did not

exceed 8,34 million in 2006, which gives an increase of more than 55 per cent over the

four years (2).

This implies that inbound destinations interested in those promising markets

should get prepared for this large influx by:

Improving their infrastructure, mainly road and airport infrastructures;

Preparing communication media in relevant languages;

Ensuring better air connections by seeking common ground with other ai rline

companies orTour-Operators;

Initiating in-depth studies on tourists travel needs from those markets.

Green tourism

Green tourism, also known as nature-based tourism or sustainable tourism, is in

great demand and will continue its growth in the future since many travellers are now

aware of the negative impact tourism might have on the environment and have,

therefore, become more responsible with regard to sustainability.


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Climate change and alternative future transport

When thinking of the warming of the planet, the erratic weather patterns and the

natural disasters that will likely occur and are occurring already, we can describe global

climate change as one of the worst disasters to hit the humanity.

Furthermore, destinations should expect climate change to have an impact on

tourists purchasing trends. We will gradually see new means of transport gaining

ground to the detriment of air traffic: Will tourists be willing to fly across the ocean if they

consider the carbon footprint of their flights?

Travellers may opt for journeys made by train, boat or coaches especially that

these modes are nowadays offering more comfort, great web accessibility and

timetables suitability. In addition, shorter trips within the same continent or the same

geographical region will more likely outweigh the long ones.

Travel with a mission

Another important future trend is travels that incorporate an added-value rather

than just a classic lazy sun and see vacation: Many travellers are nowadays looking for

real travel experiences that enrich their culture and let them live and feel the

authenticity. Furthermore, they seek out travels that involve volunteering (e.g. providing

support to a population in need, humanitarian actions, etc.) or that include a particular

mission, for instance, learning a new language, exploring new culinary techniques,

attending a seminar, a concert or an event, etc.

As a result, tour operators are now becoming specialists rather than generalists:

Some are positioned as experts in golf vacations while others are specialized in cultural

tours and so on.

Social media


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Social media includes web-based and mobile technologies used to turn

communication into interactive dialogue between organisations, communities and

individuals.

The last decade has witnessed an unprecedented rise of social media in many

different forms: Collaborative projects (e.g. Wikipedia), blogs and micro-blogs (e.g.

twitter), content communities (e.g. YouTube), social networking sites (e.g. Facebook),

etc.

Businesses currently refer to social media as consumer-generated media since

they are relatively inexpensive and accessible to anyone compared to industrial or

traditional media. In the US, for example, social networking now accounts for 22 per

cent of all time spent online (3).

However, if destinations or tourism authorities decide to use these online

platforms to make promotions or to bring updates, it is crucial that they understand how

to deal with social media to become effective influencers and thus cleverly pass the

desired message to public. Furthermore, organisations should always bear in mind that

people are nowadays resistant to marketing in general and especially to direct social

marketing and hence they should find better tricks to be socially powerful. Some studies

(4) came up to these organisations with two important suggestions: Either to establish

themselves as experts in a particular field or area, thereby become influencers in that

particular field or area, or try to gain trust and credibility as most people prefer to learn

from other people like them who share their experiences rather than from marketers.

Safety and security

Tourism is very different from what it was prior to the notable terrorist and

criminal attacks the world has recently witnessed. Modern tourism is a multifaceted and

complex industry involving many stakeholders. Safety and security need, therefore, to

be priorities for any tourism destination.


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The success of the tourism and hospitality sector is based on the continually

evolving challenge of selling the intangible. Thus, the human factor is of an increased

importance. If we look, for instance, at destinations and companies selling tourism

services, they are struggling to differentiate themselves beyond just the physical

product. In other words, it is the human element that creates their competitive

advantage and what makes or breaks a tourism experience.

Nevertheless, due to the large human resource needs of the tourism industry,

there is often a lack of qualified employees available to the industry. Destinations that

want to consolidate their positions in the future world travel market should then work

hard on upgrading their workforce. This can be achieved by:

Developing a sustainable workforce, either through education and training of their own

workforce, or through migration policies.

Implementing appropriate educational policies for all tourism organisations (hotels,

amusement parks, restaurants, bars, etc.). These policies should be designed and

developed by relevant tourism entities within the government and not by other entities,

as in some instances, educational policies are set by the ministry of education!

Creating human resource councils that address the needs of the tourism sector at a

local, regional or national level and aiming at reducing the gap between what is offered

and what is needed, and focusing on quality control and related issues.

Conclusion

This analysis clearly highlights that destinations seeking to maintain or

strengthen their position in the future world of travel should start working on a long-term

action plan comprising a set of strategies that comply with these eight trends. In anycase, the above study deserves a deep reflexion as it might spark other ideas and

create interesting debates.

Tourism starts to feel Yolanda's impact


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By Ivy Saunar

Travel agencies and tourism operators start to feel the effect of super typhoon

Yolanda's impact on the tourism sector.

The Philippine Tours Association (PhilTOA) says about 30 to 40 percent of booked

tours were cancelled immediately after the super typhoon hit the Visayas.

The impact was felt on primary destinations, such as Boracay, Bohol, Cebu and

Palawan.

PhilTOA says more cancellation notices are expected if the situation doesn't normalize

soon, even as typhoon-hit Leyte and Samar do not receive as much tourist traffic

compared to other top destinations in the country.

Despite the setback, foreign tourists say they are willing to visit the Visayas region once

normalcy is established in the typhoon-ravaged areas.

The Department of Tourism (DOT) remains optimistic that, despite the recent disasters

in the country, the target of 5 million tourist arrivals will be attained this year.

To date, DOT says around 3.3 million tourists have visited the country so far this year,

as a 13% increase in tourist arrivals has been noted from August to September

compared to the same period last year.

Assistant Tourism Sec Benito Bengzon said that DOT is getting international support

from the United Nations World Tourism Organization and the Pacific Asia Travel

Association to help rebuild calamity stricken areas and revive the local economy.

In 1951, it was 'more fun in Switzerland'

MANILA, Philippines (3rd UPDATE) - Apparently, the Philippines is not the only country

that is "more fun."

A1951 adfrom the Swiss National Tourist Office, which is currently sold in vintage ad

websites, is currently making the rounds on the Internet, particularly social networking

sites.
http://store.vintagepaperads.com/servlet/-strse-36616/1951-Switzerland-Tourism-Ad/Detailhttp://store.vintagepaperads.com/servlet/-strse-36616/1951-Switzerland-Tourism-Ad/Detailhttp://store.vintagepaperads.com/servlet/-strse-36616/1951-Switzerland-Tourism-Ad/Detailhttp://store.vintagepaperads.com/servlet/-strse-36616/1951-Switzerland-Tourism-Ad/Detail


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It read: "It's more fun in Switzerland!"

"Soak up the sun -- whether you're drifting on palm-fringed lakes or exploring sunny

Alpine trails. In four hours, Switzerland's fast electric trains will whisk you almost

anywhere in this gay and friendly country.

"Enjoy Switzerland's magnificent spring ski season -- perfect snow conditions in the

higher areas of the Alps until June!"

Earlier today, the Department of Tourism (DOT) launched the country's newest tourism

campaign, "It's more fun in the Philippines."

"We need a line that is easily understood. Competitive. 'More fun in the Philippines' istrue. Keri natin ito (Kaya natin ito)," Tourism Secretary Ramon Jimenez Jr. said in a

press conference.

The DOT decided tohold off on branding and marketing strategieslast year after

the "Pilipinas Kay Ganda" campaign was scrapped due to a major industry outcry. The

"Pilipinas Kay Ganda" logo was said to beliftedfrom Poland's own tourism campaign,

"Polska."Before "Pilipinas Kay Ganda," the country had the more popular "WoW

Philippines" catch phrase as its tourism slogan.

Coincidence?
http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/03/22/11/phs-tourism-slogan-takes-backseat-nowhttp://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/03/22/11/phs-tourism-slogan-takes-backseat-nowhttp://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/03/22/11/phs-tourism-slogan-takes-backseat-nowhttp://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/11/18/10/pilipinas-kay-ganda-logo-lifted-poland-logohttp://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/11/18/10/pilipinas-kay-ganda-logo-lifted-poland-logohttp://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/11/18/10/pilipinas-kay-ganda-logo-lifted-poland-logohttp://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/11/18/10/pilipinas-kay-ganda-logo-lifted-poland-logohttp://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/03/22/11/phs-tourism-slogan-takes-backseat-now


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Not surprisingly, netizens were quick to react on the issue.

On Twitter and Facebook, some accused DOT and advertising agency BBDO Guerrero

of copying Switzerland's old tourism slogan. Others defended the campaign, saying: "It's

definitely more fun in the Philippines."

handful of them, meanwhile, posed this question: "Where is more fun? In Switzerland

or in the Philippines?"

Jimenez, however, maintained that the similarity is just a "coincidence."

He made aseries of tweetsin reaction to the issue.

"No one can own the expression 'it's more fun' but it's very true for the #Philippines so it

becomes ours. #ItsMoreFunInThePhilippines.

"'FUN' is a fusion of place and people. A place is not fun if there is no fun people in it.

"This Switzerland coincidence only makes our line truer. Sun tanning IS more fun in the

Philippines.

"The line isn't a manufactured slogan. It's simply the truth about our country. Don't be

swayed by people who are trying to punch holes in it.
https://twitter.com/#!/MonJQuoteshttps://twitter.com/#!/MonJQuoteshttps://twitter.com/#!/MonJQuoteshttps://twitter.com/#!/MonJQuotes


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"If you look hard enough, you might even find an old ad that says 'it's more fun in

Alcatraz!'


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TOP 25 DESTINATIONSWORLD

1,Paris, France

2,New York City, New York

3,London, United Kingdom

4,Rome, Italy

5,Venice, Italy

6,Barcelona, Spain

7,San Francisco, California

8,Florence, Italy

9,Prague, Czech Republic

10,Sydney, Australia

11,Berlin, Germany

12, turkey, Istanbul

13, Bangkok, Thailand

14, Chicago, Illinois

15, Tokyo, Japan

16,Cape Town Central, South Africa

17,Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

18,Buenos Aires, Argentina

19,Marrakech, Morocco

20,St. Petersburg, Russia

21,Beijing, China

22,Shanghai, China

23,Siem Reap, Cambodia

24,Chiang Mai, Thailand

25,Queenstown, New Zealand
http://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g187147-Paris_Ile_de_France-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g60763-New_York_City_New_York-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g186338-London_England-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g187791-Rome_Lazio-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g187870-Venice_Veneto-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g187497-Barcelona_Catalonia-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g187497-Barcelona_Catalonia-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g60713-San_Francisco_California-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g187895-Florence_Tuscany-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g274707-Prague_Bohemia-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g255060-Sydney_New_South_Wales-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g187323-Berlin-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g312659-Cape_Town_Central_Western_Cape-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g303506-Rio_de_Janeiro_State_of_Rio_de_Janeiro-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g312741-Buenos_Aires_Capital_Federal_District-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g293734-Marrakech_Marrakech_Tensift_El_Haouz_Region-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g298507-St_Petersburg_Northwestern_District-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g294212-Beijing-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g308272-Shanghai-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g308272-Shanghai-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g297390-Siem_Reap_Siem_Reap_Province-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g293917-Chiang_Mai-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g255122-Queenstown_Otago_Region_South_Island-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g255122-Queenstown_Otago_Region_South_Island-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g293917-Chiang_Mai-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g297390-Siem_Reap_Siem_Reap_Province-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g308272-Shanghai-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g294212-Beijing-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g298507-St_Petersburg_Northwestern_District-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g293734-Marrakech_Marrakech_Tensift_El_Haouz_Region-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g312741-Buenos_Aires_Capital_Federal_District-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g303506-Rio_de_Janeiro_State_of_Rio_de_Janeiro-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g312659-Cape_Town_Central_Western_Cape-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g187323-Berlin-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g255060-Sydney_New_South_Wales-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g274707-Prague_Bohemia-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g187895-Florence_Tuscany-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g60713-San_Francisco_California-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g187497-Barcelona_Catalonia-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g187870-Venice_Veneto-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g187791-Rome_Lazio-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g186338-London_England-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g60763-New_York_City_New_York-Vacations.htmlhttp://www.tripadvisor.com/Tourism-g187147-Paris_Ile_de_France-Vacations.html


25/25

REFERENCES

http://www.ttgmena.com/Future-trends-in-the-tourism-industry/

http://www.solarnews.ph/news/business/2013/11/23/tourism-starts-to-feel-yolanda-s-

impact#.Uv8MEmJdWls

Middleton, Victor et.al. Marketing in Travel and Tourism 4 thedition. 2009.
http://www.ttgmena.com/Future-trends-in-the-tourism-industry/http://www.solarnews.ph/news/business/2013/11/23/tourism-starts-to-feel-yolanda-s-impact#.Uv8MEmJdWlshttp://www.solarnews.ph/news/business/2013/11/23/tourism-starts-to-feel-yolanda-s-impact#.Uv8MEmJdWlshttp://www.solarnews.ph/news/business/2013/11/23/tourism-starts-to-feel-yolanda-s-impact#.Uv8MEmJdWlshttp://www.solarnews.ph/news/business/2013/11/23/tourism-starts-to-feel-yolanda-s-impact#.Uv8MEmJdWlshttp://www.ttgmena.com/Future-trends-in-the-tourism-industry/

tourism marketing written report

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