TOURING ANCIENT ROMETOURING ANCIENT ROMEAncient Civilization | Chapter Eight, Section Three | 6Ancient Civilization | Chapter Eight, Section Three | 6thth Grade Grade

BACKGROUND ON ARCHITECTUREBACKGROUND ON ARCHITECTURE

• Some Roman Architecture was taken from the Greeks.– Columns

• Others were taken from the Etruscans.– Rounded Arches

BACKGROUND ON ARCHITECTUREBACKGROUND ON ARCHITECTURE

• By using arches, domes, vaults, and light-weight concrete the Romans could build huge structures.

• Every Roman City had the following:– Temples– Bath-houses– Arenas– City Walls

THE CITY WALLS OF ROMETHE CITY WALLS OF ROME

SERVIAN WALL• Named after the 6th

Roman King: Survius Tullius.

• Finished around 380 B.C.

• First stone wall to protect the city.

• Surrounded almost 700 acres of land.

THE CITY WALLS OF ROMETHE CITY WALLS OF ROME

AURELIAN WALL• Built during the reign

of Emperor Aurelian.

• Finished around 274 A.D.

• Served as the city’s limits up until the 20th century.

ALL ROADS LEAD TO ROMEALL ROADS LEAD TO ROMEVIA APPIA• Also known as the Appian Way.

• Built in 312 B.C. for military transportation.

• Later used as the main trading route between Rome and Southern Italy.

• Almost 400 miles long.

THE PANTHEONTHE PANTHEON

The Pantheon: Reconstruction The Pantheon: As it looks today.

THE PANTHEONTHE PANTHEON

• The word Pantheon means: “Of all the Gods.”

• Built to honor all of the Roman gods.

• Original temple destroyed by fire in 80 A.D.

• Best known for its Dome ceiling.

The Pantheon as seen from a satellite.

ROMAN FORUMROMAN FORUM

• Also known as the Forum Romanum.

• Nobles and emperors built palaces next to this center of political, social, and religious life.

ROMAN FORUMROMAN FORUM

Roman Forum as seen today.

BATHS OF CARACALLABATHS OF CARACALLA

• Roman public baths.

• Contained shops and a library.

• Nearly 2,000 Romans visited every day.

• An aqueduct channeled water into this popular building.

CIRCUS MAXIMUSCIRCUS MAXIMUS

• Used for chariot racing.

• The largest building ever put up for entertainment purposes.

• Could hold up to 300,000 spectators.

• Middle barrier was known as a spina.

CIRCUS MAXIMUSCIRCUS MAXIMUS

Circus Maximus as seen today.

Circus Maximus: Aerial View.

THE COLOSSEUMTHE COLOSSEUM• Real name is the Flavian

Amphitheatre.

• Vespasian began construction around 70 A.D.

• First opened by Titus in 80 A.D.

• Crowds would come to watch gladiators fight wild beasts and each other.

INSIDE THE COLOSSEUMINSIDE THE COLOSSEUM• Could seat around 70,000 people.

• During shows a metal mesh carried on poles and spiked with elephant tusks and ivory rollers was used.

• Metal mesh kept animals from climbing out of the arena.

• Gladiator fights banned in 438 A.D.

• Last show was held in 523 A.D.

BENEATH THE COLOSSEUMBENEATH THE COLOSSEUM

GLADIATOR: THE MOVIEGLADIATOR: THE MOVIE

CLASSWORK/HOMEWORKCLASSWORK/HOMEWORK• First Put Your NAME and CLASS PERIOD on the

worksheet.

• Do Section A.

• On the backside of the worksheet do Section B.

• Hand it in when completed.

• If it is not completed by the end of class, finish it for homework and hand it in on Tuesday.