Touch Based &Touch-less Fingerprint

Recognition System(A New Dimension in Fingerprint Technology)

Presented By :Name: Palak Pandoh Branch: MCArSemester: IVth 7th

Introduction Biometrics – Expectations and Reality. Fingerprint – What Else? Advantages of Biometrics Processes. Security Aspects

Fingerprints Touch-Based Technology Disadvantages of Touch-Based Technology

Touch-less Fingerprint Recognition Technology Touch-less Technology Basics Advantages of Touch-less 3D Technology Markets and Applications.

Comparative Study

Overview

Biometrics:Biometrics refers to

the identification of Humans by their characteristics or traits.

Biometrics is used in computer science as a form of identification and access control.

Expectations & RealityBiometrics is key to solve security challenges of the 21th century#Reality or Fiction?

• PRO:– Makes secure identification possible, eliminates weak identification– Unique, constant and always available– Flexible, can be adapted to situation and user group– Can be combined with other systems to increase security– Convenient and User friendly

• CONTRA:– Some technologies not mature yet– Market consolidation has just started– Not deterministic, identification based on probabilities

Biometrics is just one aspect of a sophisticated security concept!

Fingerprint – What Else?Fingerprintmost adopted technologyFingerprint is unique, constant

and can be captured fast & easily.

Fingerprint still takes morethan 50% of market share!

A fingerprint consists ofpatterns of ridges and valleyson the surface of a fingertip.

Biometric Processes :Enrollment (User registration)

– User data registration and capturing of biometric reference data ('Reference Template')– crucial importance for overall system performance.

Matching (User identification or verification)– Comparison of live captured sample with reference data.

– Verification (1:1)• requires second token to pre-select user list.• comparison against pre-selected biometric data only.• lower requirements regarding system accuracy and speed.

– Identification (1:N)• no pre-selection.• comparison against reference data of all users.• high requirements regarding system accuracy and speed.

Security AspectsA system is as secure as its weakest part!

– Biometrics is part of a total security solution– Must not limit system security

Risk factors:• Data Security

– Secure data storage– Secure data transfer– Can biometric data be interpreted and repeated?– Can biometric data be revoked?

• Process Security– Is biometric process stable?– Is biometric process safe against spoofing?

FingerprintsA fingerprint consists ofpatterns of ridges and valleyson the surface of a fingertip.Each individual hasfingerprint which is differentfrom the other.

Fingerprint recognitionsystem is an identificationsystem that can be anAutomated FingerprintIdentification System (AFIS)or a Non-automatedFingerprint Recognition

System.

Touch-Based Fingerprint Recognition System

Most of the sensors available today use“touch” method since it is simple and littletraining is required. These touch sensorsacquire fingerprint images as the user’sfingerprint is contacted on a solid flat sensor.Both the sensor method and ink-techniquerequires the person to press his/her fingeragainst a flat rigid surface. For this reasonthey are known as touch-based methods. Conventional fingerprint systems are simpleand require less processing as compared tothe touch-less fingerprint recognition system,but they suffer from several problems likehygienic user interface, maintenance andlatent fingerprints that are invisible fromnaked eyes and important for law enforcementagencies.

Disadvantages of Touch Based Sensors Problem of contamination which occurs because of placing the fingertip over

the same interface which is already used by other. This produces a low quality fingerprint image.

Due to contact pressure, which creates physical distortions which are usually non-linear in arbitrary direction and strength. Moreover, the distortion occurs globally, while its deformation parameters could be different locally in a single fingerprint image. Figure shows the fingerprint image of one fingertip but with different minutiae because of physical pressure.

Touch-less Technology Basics3 cameras surrounding the

fingerFinger imaging instead of

Finger printingFull-3D and Approx-3D

variants, depending on application

Full-3D to create rolled equivalent fingerprints

Compliant to 2D technology (touch-based)

Approx-3D to extend and optimize center image

Advantages of Touch-less 3D Technology Superior image quality

- No Failure-To-Enroll- Able to handle critical fingers

Unparallel image stability– Non-intrusive capturing process– Almost not affected by finger condition

Larger capture area– Full-3D is able to provide almost nail-to-nail images– Approx-3D captures significantly bigger area than touch sensors– More indications available than just fingerprint

Build-in user guidance– Self-learning experience– Avoids sensor misuse

Mature Life Finger Detection

Consequence:Better matching performance Higher Process Security

Markets and Applications Access Control and Time & Attendance

– Early adopter of new technologies– Small to medium sized applications– Targets mainly on single factor identification– Networked environment

Biometric (sub)system required, rather than sensors Focus on Process Security Civil, Governmental and Criminal ID

– Long term business– Large sized applications– Targets mainly on AFIS infrastructures– PC based environment

High-Quality biometric sensors required Focus on Data Security

The main modules of a fingerprint recognition system are: a) fingerprint sensing, in which the fingerprint of an individual is acquired by a fingerprint scanner to produce a raw digital representation; b) preprocessing, in which the input fingerprint is enhanced and adapted to simplify the task of feature extraction;c)feature extraction, in which the fingerprint is further processed to generate discriminative properties, also called feature vectors; and d) matching, in which the feature vector of the input fingerprint is compared against one or more existing templates. The templates of approved users of the biometric system, also called clients, are usually stored in a database. Clients can claim an identity and their fingerprints can be checked against stored fingerprints.

Steps Involved:

Thank You.