TORO Distributorsare Reliable

o. W. Bentley, Pres.Golf and Tractor Equipment Corp.Syracuse, N. Y.

Owners of Toro equipment in Syracuse and centralNew York state are always assured of getting respon ..sible service through Mr. O. W. Bentley and the Golfand Tractor Equipment Corporation.

O. W., more affectionately known as Ben Bentley tohis numerous friends around Syracuse, is one of thenewer men in the Toro organization, but brings withhim years of experience in the power machinery field.

Like other Toro distributors, he is not the high pressuretype and whatever he says he will do, he does.

The good will that Bentley is rapidly building up canbest be appreciated when it is known that his sales thisyear are over double any previous year. We have beenhard pressed to keep up with his requirements.

The worthwhile service that the Golf and TractorEquipment Corporation renders every day is anotherreason why we say-

Toro Distributors Are Reliable Distributors

TORO Manufacturing COlftpany3042 ..3160 Snelling Avenue Minneapolis, Minnesota

[IITORO GOLF COURSE EQUIPMENT ill

JUNE, 1929 Single Copiel'< Twellty- Five Cents.Yearly Subscription to l\lemben; Two Dollars.

Yearly Suu~cription to i'on-:\Ipmhers Three Dollars

The NATION ALGREENKEEPER

OJ!il''ial (}rrlan (~r The Natio"al rJ.~.\Wd(/liOIl of Greenh'epers of AmericoPublished monthly at 405 Caxton Building, Cleveland, Ohio.

Contents copyright, 1928, by The :-:a tional Greenkeeper, Inc., Publishers.Hobert E. Power, President and Editor; Frank H. Pelton, Sec'y.: C. F. Lowe, Treas.: 1'1. J. Fox, Asst.-Sec'y.

Entcred as second-class matter, Aug. 25, 1928, at the post office, Cleve/alld, Ohio, tinder act of March 3, 1879All Rights Reserved-None of the contents of this .l\lagazin(~, either who]ly or in part. may he repr'illtPll without permil"sion.

VOLUME III. No. VI

Contents

__ 31_ 32

SOILS I HAVE SEENBy O. J. Noer _

WHAT ABOUT THE TARIFF?By John Morley ._h . . . 8

FUNGUS DISEASES AND WHYBy J. E. Cannaday . 10

FORECASTING THE FALL SEED MARKETSBy E. E. Pattison 20

PINE LAKE IMPROVES COURSE 21

BEWARE OF FALSE IDOLSBy Robt. A. Gardner 23

HELPFUL HINTS . u h 24JOHN QUAILL SAYS u h • U 26TOURNAMENT SCHEDULE u uu __ 26

ROYAL YORK-CANADA'S NEW COURSEBy J. H. Evans 27

AROUND THE OFFICE DESK n u 29M OWING GREENS WITH POWERBy R. T. Zink 31

OBITUARYAlbert J. Wilder --- -- .- ------

MARKET PLACE AND BUYERS' GUIDE uu -- __

] olm MeN amara, TreasurerPittsburgh Field ClubAspinwall, Penna.

John Quaill, SecretaryHighland Country Club426 Highland AvenueWest View, Pittsburgh, Penna.

Officers-National Ass'n 0/ Greenkeepers 0/ A nzericaJohn Morley, PresidC1lt John l\ofacGregor, First Vice Pres. Lewis l\L Evans, Secolld Vice Pres.

Youngstown Country Club Chicago Gol f Club Cedar brook Country Club2248 Selma Avenue B 717 WI t III Mt. Airy, Philadelphia, Penna.Youngstown, Ohio ox , lea on, . William j. Sansom, Third Vice

Pres., Toronto Golf Club,Long- Branch, Ontario, Can.

George Davies, FOl/rth Vice Pres.Dig Spring Gol f ClubLouisville, Kentucky

DISTRICT VICE PRESIDENTSII. HAWKINS, Lakeview Golf Club, J. E. AR),ISTRONG, Tippecanoe Coun- J. II. ELLIFFE, Win~ed FOOl Golf

Port Credit. Ontario try Club, Leesburg, Indiana Club, Mamaroneck. New YorkJOSEPH VALENTINE l\lerion Cricket A. E. ARNOLD, l\lasonic Country JOH:\' GRAY, Essex Golf and Country. C]uh, Philadelphia, Penna. C]uh, Grand Rapids. Mich. Cluh. Sandwich. OntarioCHARLES ERICKSON, l\linekahda JOHN ANDERSON, Crestmont Coun- W. (;IU;;GC, Rock Crcek Park COllntry

C]uh. Minneapolis, i\linn. try Cluh, \V. Orang-e, N. J. Cluh, \\'ashin~ton, D. C.CIIESTEI~ 1\IENDENHALL, Sim Park C. G. BAHTON, Sylvania Golf C]uh, JOSEPH F. HINES, Orchard Ridge

Coif Cluh, \Vichita, Kan~as Toledo. Ohio Country Cluh. Fort \Vayne, Ind.J.\MES ~IL'IRln:N, Ridgewood Golf C. B.\SIIA)'1. River Crest Country JOliN (; . .lONE"'. Ononda~a Coif and

Club, Cincinnati, Ohio Clnh. Fort \Vorth, Texas Country Cluh. ~yracuse, New Yorkt;E()IH~E SARt;ENT. Scioto Country ELl\IEI~ F. BIG(;S, Country Clnb of .\LBERT KE1\II'. Westwood Golf

Cluh. Co]umhus, Ohio I'eoria, Peoria, 111. Course, Richmond, Va.FRED A. BURKHA1U)T, Westwood JAMES ~\OLTON, Berkshire Country HUGII Ll KE. Gafllen City Country

Country Cluh, C]eveland, Ohio Cluh, Reading", Penna. Club. Carden City, N. Y.Cf\PT. DAVID L. REES. Progress \Y. A. BOSTIC, Biltmore Forest Coun- WILLlA1\1 ~IAY;\1E, Jasper Park

Couutry Cluh, Purchase, New York try Cluh. Bilt'l1ore, N. C. Lo<l!{e, .\]herta. Canadat;EOR(;E WELLlN, Tumblehrook C.\RL A. HI~ETZLAFF, 1\leridian T. 11. lUGt;S l\IILLER, Richmond

Country Cluh, New Britain, Conn. Ilills Country Club, Indianapo]is, Ind. Country Cluh, Staten 1~1a1l<I. N. Y.J. O. CA1\II'BELL, Wethersfield Coun- CAI~L DAVIS, :\Ioonhrook Country JOSEI']I O'(;I~AJ)Y, ~t'\V Bedford

try Cluh, lIartford, Coun. Club, Jamestown, New York Country Cluh. New Bedford, :\Iass.101': 1'. 1\IAYO, Pehhle Beach CO\1n- T\lOS. F. FAHEY, Winchester Coun- II E. SIIAVE, Oakland lIills Country. try Cluh, Pehh]e Beach. Calif. try Cluh, \Vinchester, Mass. Cluh. Birm'ngham. 1\lich.ROBEWr \l1;;~J)ERSON, Country '1'1101\1:\5 j. CALVIN, Rhode h]and ('.\I~L I~. TI<E"T, \\'oo,lIalld (;olf Cluh,

Club of Buffa]o. \Villiamsville, N. Y. Country C]ub, West Barrington, AubuTlldaJe .. \1 ass.HUGII C. MOORE, 51. Simon's Is. I{hode Island JACK \\'ELCII. Wakonda Country

land Coif Club, St. Simons bland, Ga. E. E. nAVIS. :\Ieadville Country Club, Cluh, Iks 1\loines, IowaFOHn COODIUCII, Flint Country ~Ieadville. Penna. W.\LTf~l~ C. IU-:ED. Westwood Coun-

Club. Flint, ~Iichigan. '1']105. E. DOl"GIIERTY, Spring- ~t;~XClul~,\I~N{.<?uis,S1\lo. Golfhaven Country Club, Chester, Penna. " '" .• 1 I... :horeacresEL1\1 ER F. AFFELDT, C]enn Oak ('Iu!.. Lake Bluff, III.

Coif .'\: Country Cluh, Great Neck, jOll;\1 E. DUSTIN, Kalamazoo Coun" .\L/IERT .I. WILDER, Oak BillL. I. i'\ew York. try C]uh, Kalamazoo, :\Iich. Country Club. Rochester. New Yor~

Official communication, mcmbership dues, cmploymcnt, etc., should be mailed dirt:ct to theSecretary. Editorial articles, photos, subscriptions and golf show requests mail to 405

Caxton llIdg., C1evcland, O.

PAGE THREE

. ,

o\

The Bulldog Frallle Pushes the low-wheeled cutting units

NOTE TilE CONSTRUCTION OF TillS CUTTING UNIT-Here are someof the reasons why Bulldog units do a better cutting job, and keep itup for a longer time.

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!'OR LONG W~RR //1PROYt'O WOOD

120LL~R. HHROf'1I1PLr""'/4'1N 0111.

z-tf4 THeE WH~EL.sWITH WIDl D£~P LUGS

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IDEAL Bulldog cutting un-its are pushed-right into

the work-just as a handmower is pushed. Thus theycan't bob and sway, and deadweight is not needed.

Ideal cutting units are thelightest and the strongestmade. They are light becausethey are low-wheeled andcompact. They are strongbecause every part wherestrength is needed is extrasturdy.

Send today for interestingillustrated catalog.

IDEAL POWER LAWN MOWER COMPANY - 444Kalamazoo St. - Lansing, l\iich.413 West Chlcalto Ave., Chlcalto, Illinois

BRANCHES237 Lafayette Street, New York City

273 Bo)"lston Street, Brookline, Mass.Dealers in all principal cities

161 Vester Street, Ferndale (Detroit) Mich.

IDEAL GOLF COURSE EQUIPMENT

PAGE FOUR SAY YOU SAW THE AD IN THE NATIONAL GREENKEEPER

3Junr1929

lIo1umr IIINumhrr .6

':lire NATIONAL

GREENKEEPERThe Leadi1'\i Journal of the World on TIlTf Culture and Golf CouTS« MalnU1l4l'lCC

Soils I Have Seen"

OI)ffirial OI)rgan of IDl1rNational Assoriation

of ~rtrltkrr.prrs ofAmrrira

By 0, J. NOER, Author of the ABC of Turf Culture

GOLFERS are prone to be unreasonable constructive. It will require time, painstakingand demand perfect putting turf irre- investigation and must be adequately financed.

In the mean time a review of the disasters ofspective of weather conditions. Theythe past season may be helpful in avoiding, or

invariably demand May turf during the ad- at least lessening, future troubles.verse months of July and August. This is Proper Diagnosis is Necessaryespecially true when clubs possess elaborate IN CONSIDERING turf ills, needless to say,establishments which necessitate high annual corrective measures must be based on adues. Members pay to play golf proper diagnosis of the trouble.and expect well groomed turf at This is not always easy because ofall times. ~ the multiplicity of factors in-

During 1928 turf on many volved in the growth of turf. Fer-courses suffered disaster. Courses tilizers will not effect permanentlocated in the belt extending from turf improvement if major injury\Vashington across to Kansas City ,,~, is due to impervious water-satu-were badly hit, but even to the rated soil.north the season tried the souls of -_ ..... Lime in sand should not beexperienced and capable green- blamed as the sole cause of weedkeepers. Old timers with thirty infestation if the soil used in topyears' experience unhesitatingly dressing mixtures teems withsay they have seen nothing like it viable weed seeds. Repeated appli-in all their years of service. cations of fertilizer to diseased

It is said that new-fangled turf serve only to aggravate themethods are the underlying curse situation if previous over fertili-and that a return to the so-called O. J. NOER zation made the turf more suscep-old time methods will work magic and dispel tible to the ravages of the casual organism.all turf ills. This is the easy method and in a If varieties of grass adapted to local climaticmeasure true. But will these methods main- conditions are used, then soil condition is ex-tain standards of turf excellency demanded by tremely important. After all, a green is morepresent day golfers? Rivalry between clubs, than a place to grow grass. It must be' able toand desire for perfect playing condition may hold the ball, and withstand heavy traffic dur-preven t this. The presen t need is for athorough overhauling and correct evolution of ing adverse summer weather. The importancethe basic factors underlying the development of proper physical soil condition was broughtand maintenance of sturdy turf. This is really out forcibly during the past season .

• Digest 0/ talk delivered at the BuHalo meeting 0/ the NationalAssociation 0/ Greenkeepers

PAGE FIVE

PAGE SIX The National Greenkeeper JUNE, 1929

Soil Condition Most ImportantSOIL is not simply so much dirt. It supplies

the expanding turf with water, plant foodand the en trapped soil air furnishes oxygen sovital to the life processes of the roots. Humusis the distinguishing characteristic of soil, andit is mainly the presence of humus which dis-tinguishes the surface soil from the underlyingsubsoil. The existence and development ofsoil micro-organisms depends upon thepresence of humus to satisfy their food andenergy requirements.

Fertile soils teem with these minute bacteria.ceaselessly 'working and constantly liberatingavailable plant food. The most importantcharacteristic of soil from the standpoin t ofgreens is texture and structure. Texture refersto size of individual soil particles, and struc-ture their arrangement. If the dominantparticles are minute, free movement of waterand air is impossible. Air is excluded, and de-sirable bacterial activity depressed, in watersaturated soil. The troubles of 1928 demon-strated the importance of correct physical soilcondition because of the abundant rainfall.

Sandy loam soil approaches the ideal. and alight soil is certainly preferable to a heavy clay.Sandy soils are usually condemned for theirlow plant food content and low water holding

capacity. Both of these drawbacks can be pro-vided for on putting greens. The open struc-ture of such soils permits deep penetration ofair and- rapid removal of excess water.

Aside from any effect soil reaction may haveon the growth of turf grasses, we know thatextreme acidity favors the growth of fungiand retards the activity of some groups of de-sirable bacteria. Furthermore acid soils areusuall y more compact and tend to revert to apuddled condition. This is not a plea or brieffor the indiscriminate use of lime because it is afact tha t some courses with alkaline soil faredbadly.

That soils must be adequately supplied withplan t food e1ements cannot be challenged.Roots absorb soluble materials only. but soilsnever contain sufficient soluble plant food toadequately provide for an entire season'sgrowth of turf, so it is necessary to make con-di tions sui table for constan t release from in-soluble reserves. or to add available plant food.When physical soil condition is correct, waterand fertilization are probably the key to thesolution of the troubles of 1928.MAINTAINING the soil slightly on the

dry side is better and will tend to checkgrowth somewhat. The system of nitrogenfeeding may need some overhauling. In the

THE 17TH ANI) 18TH HOLES, ST. ANDREWS GOLF COURSE, SCOTLAND

past, color and amoun t of growth have beenused as the major criterion in determining needfor nitrogen. Possibly sturdiness is reallymore important and probably this can beachieved by the rational use of nitrogen.Lighter applications seem in order. It is alwayspossible to make additional applications butexcess fertilizer once applied cannot be re-moved. It is folly to expect applications ofphosphorus and potash to wholly overcomethe detrimental effects of over-nitrogen feed-ing. Rational feeding is often all the correctsolution.

Excess Water is Dangerous

EXCESS water not only conduces to rapidgrowth accompanied by weak tissues, but

also affects bacterial activity in the soil. Thereare two types of bacteria, those which dependupon the presence of oxygen for their existenceand those capable of existing and working inthe absence of oxygen. The first type are thebeneficial soil organisms.

In water-logged soils where oxygen is ex-cluded these undesirable bacteria flourish andare responsible for unwonted and sometimesdamaging fermen ta tion. So long as the soilis well supplied with oxygen these organismsneed not be feared for they fail to function.The significance of this fact is not generallyappreciated ..

From the standpoint of fertilization, nitro-gen feeding is the all important consideration.The startling results produced by nitrogen fer-tilizers are evidenced by dark green color andrapid growth; which in excess is always as-sociated with weak tissues. In some instancesthe startling improvement usually effected byquick acting nitrogen fertilizers promptedtheir use in vain attempts to revive sick turf.Unless conditions are right and the turf showssigns of recuperation such procedure mayprove detrimen tal.

If over-feeding induced weak susceptibletissues, continued feeding only aggravates thecondition and the result may be a continuedround of trouble. Here again this must notbe construed as condemnation of all fertiliza-tion, but rather as a plea for rational fertiliza-

tion. During stress it takes courage to with-hold or delay nitrogen feeding but there aretimes during the hot months when it shouldbe done.

Hope for the Future

pREDICTIONS are dangerous and oftendamaging to reputations, but one or two

points seem reasonably clear. The season of1928 simply emphasized the well-known factthat the combination of abundant nitrogen,excess water, and relatively high temperaturesproduce rapid growth associated with weaktissues. If some of the troubles are to be avoid-ed, practices which will produce and maintainsturdy turf during the hot adverse summermonths must be accentuated.

Adequate drainage of heavy soils and the useof topdressing materials of suitable physicalcondi tion are fundamental. Extreme care inwatering seems important to avoid excesses,and during the hot months may mean handwatering on greens blessed with low-lyingpockets or surface runways. When sprinklersare used these areas frequently become satur-ated due to surface movement from the sur-rounding higher areas.

SAY YOU SA \" THE AD IN THE NATIONAL GREENKEEPER PAGE SEVEN

What About the Tariff?New schedule shows 400 per cent increase in tariff on

bent grasses. Will increase cost to golf clubs.By JOHN MORLEY, President

National Association of Gremkeepers of America

Imports:Pounds

V cry truly yours,O. A. J uve, Chief,Division of Agricultural

Products and Provisions.April 25, 1929

ington tell us that the President is none toopleased with the advance on some of theiterns holding that some of the advances areoutside of what could be strictly termed "lim-ited increases."

Bentgrass being of such little importanceoutside of the golf world perhaps no one otherthan those interested in golf would feel movedto voice a disapproval of this duty increase,yet someone should voice a disapproval be-cause the domestic production of bent is in noway large enough to take care of the domesticconsumption. Besides this there is every reasonto suppose tha t the Pacific coast bent is not as

Mr. John MorleyChairman, Committee on Standards,National Association of Greenkeepers of America2248 Selma AvenueYoungstown, Ohio.

Dear Sir:Receipt is acknowledged of your letter of April

17 with respect to the tariff duty on bent grass seeds.The Tariff Commission does not recommend

rates on different commodities to the Ways andMeans Committee, but we have cooperated with theCommittee by making available to the Committeesuch information as we have on the various subjects.

It would be appreciated, therefore, if you wouldsend the Commission any information and statisticaldata that have a bearing on the tariff problem ofbent grass.

United States Tariff Commission8th and E. Streets N. W.

WASHINGTON

adaptable to some of our eastern conditions asthe seed from Prince Edward Island and SouthGermany.

The next largest increase is that of orchard-grass from two to five cents; but as very littleorchardgrass is used by golf clubs except for"rough" purposes, this advance will play littleor no part.

On most of the important grasses such asfescue and rough stalk meadowgrass the dutyremains unchanged. We therefore will not seehigher markets on these because of increasedduty.

oN TUESDAY, May 7, the proposed newtariff schedule was reported out of the

House comOmittee on Ways and Means, andwhile it contained no surprises it did containthe expected advances. In order that the readermay easily compare the present duty and thoseunder the proposed new schedule they are tab-ulated as follows:

Articles Present Duty Proposed DptyBent grass (all species) 2c 10cOrchardgrass 2c 5cFescues (all species) 2c 2cRough Stalk Meadowgrass 2c 2cvVood Meadowgrass 2c 2cRyegrass (all species) 2c 2cWhite Clover 3c 5c

All other grass seeds not specially provided for 2c perpound.From the above tabulation it is easy to de-

duct that the new schedule will have moreeffect on the price of bent than any other seed.This advance is undoubtedly due to the strongpropaganda from our own states of Washing-ton and Oregon.

Following is the information on bent grassfurnished to the Tariff Commission by theU. S. Dept. of Agriculture.

BENT GRASS1921-22 1922-ZJ 1923-~ 1924.25

96,000 106,000 348,000 258,0001925.26 1926.27 1911-t8344,000 537,000 554,000Pounds

Production: (Domestic)150,000 pounds (official est}mate). in Washington and

Oregon in 1928. Smaller quantity estl",!at.ed for. 1929. Nofigures obtainable for New England, but It IS offiCially statedthat the Department of Agriculture had difficulty in obtain-ing a few pounds for. experimental p~lr'poses; the presump-tion in New England IS small or negligible.Prices: \Vholesale per 100 pounds at Atlantic Seaboardpoints spring of year 19ZJ 19z.c 1925 19Z6 1927 1928

, $225 $125 $55 $115 $55 $50Prices from Mr. Edler, Hay, Feed and Seed Division,

U. S. Department of Agriculture.The new tariff is estimated to go into effect

some time this summer so that the Fall buyersof bentgrass will pay for this additional duty.

As there are a great many wholesalers whoare willing to book orders now for fall ship-ment on stocks already in this country andupon which only the old duty was paid it issuggested that the buyers of bent cover theirFall needs at the present time.

The newspaper correspondents from Wash-

PAGE EIGHT

Bother hazardconquered /~ .,t:~,'~

~~,._.:,...-l~

Now BRO"'~ Pf\T£H IS Ef\SI L\" £O~TROLLEDWITH THESE TWO Fl/N6ICIDES

Greens blotched and scarred \vith brownpatch have ruined many a par score!

N o\V, by the simple use of Du Bay Seme-san or N u-Green to destroy destructive bro\vnpatch fungi, you can quickly restore all dis-eased turf to good health and your club mem-bers to good humor.

l\1any famous golf courses rely on these twosoluble organic mercury compounds to effec-tively prevent and control the disease. Theirgreenkeepers know that Semesan and N u-Green, when applied according to the simpledi rections, kill brown patch fungi instantly,\vithout the slightest injury to the finest turf.

Semesan, the original bro\vn patch fungi-cide, gives excellent control of the diseaseunder even the most severe condi tions. I t isespecially recommended for use '\vhere theturf is in a good state of fertility.

N u-Green contains the same effective in-gredient as Semesan. It also has theadded property of quickly restor-

ing the diseased grass to normal health andcolor, even though the soil fertility is notsuited to rapid recovery.

Although large brown patch is most destruc-tive during the warm, humid periods of sum-mer, snlall brown patch may develop earl ierin the season. To prevent brown patch thegreens should be treated \vi th Semesan orN u-Green before the usual spring appearanceof the disease.

For prevention, use one pound of Semesanor N u-Green in 50 gallons of water to 1000square feet of turf by the sprinkler method,or 2500 to 3000 square feet by power sprayer.Full d i recti ons \vi th package.

SE~'IESAN NU-GREEN5Ib $13.00 SIb $9.00

25 lb 56.25 25 Ib " 37.50100 lb 220.00 JOOlb J45.00300 lb 645.00 300 lb 420.00

Buy no\v from your Seedsman or GolfSupply House.

REO. U. 8. PAT. OFF. REO. U. 8. PAT. OFF.

BAYER-SE:\IESAN Co., INC., 105 Hudson St., New York, N. Y.Successors to Seed Disinfectants Divisions of

The Bayer Co., Inc., and E. 1. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc.

SAY YOU SA\V THE AD IN THE NATIONAL GREENKEEPER PAGE NINE

By J. E. CANNADAY, ChairmanGreen Committee Sedalia Country Clltb, Sedalia, Mo.

Fungus Diseases and WhyA practical discussion of plant life in all its phases. How

plants feed and live and die.

two forms of vegetable life. One they want,the other they often get without wanting. Theformer is the grass, or turf, for the green keeper ,the other, diseases which are of a fungoid na-ture, or probably all the results of the actionof fungi.

Animal vs. Vegetable Life

THE more we study the two classificationsof life (animal and vegetable) the more we

see that there is not the great differences froma physiological standpoin t, that the casual ob-rerver usually thinks. One author has put it,"living matter is the same wherever you findit." Plants do the same work for their existenceas animals. The physiology of both is veryclosel y related.

Undoubtedly, we get a better understandingby comparison. In the plantsthe perpetuation of not onlythe life lof the plants, butall animal life is a verybeautiful illustration of theorder of things and it is wellfor us to consider them. Boththe florist and the greenkeeperare striving to keep in thesame path.

The two forms of lifewhich are of in terest to thegreen keeper or the florist haveone special distinction. Onegroup contains chlorophyl,the substance in the leavesand tissues which gives thegreen color. The other doesnot contain chlorophyl. Andthey only live on the organicmatter left by the action ofchlorophyl in a previous gen-

GRASS IN FLOWER POT INOCULATED .WITH BROWN PATCH FUNGUS eratlon of plants.

Editor's Note-\Viththe approach of thehot summer monthsthis splendid articleby Dr. Cannady isextremely timely andof great value.

SUREL Y we learn more by comparing whatwe do know, to that which we do notkno\\'. Having had ye~rs of experience in

the practice of medicine, and then taking upfloriculture, and still later taking charge of thegreens at the Sedalia Country Club, my onlyhope is, by reason of my experience in twoother lines, which the average greenkeeper doesnot have, to provoke some thinking from adifferen t angle on the part of greenkeepers.

The greenkeeper is concerned about thediseases of turf grasses for a very short periodof the year. Whereas it is anever ending battle with thegrower of flowers or vege- 'ta bles. especially under glass.The florist is challenged con-tinually to prevent the di-seases of plan ts usually of afungoid nature.

The losses to the floral in-dustry would be staggering,if it \vere possible to make adefini te accoun ting of thedamage done by these diseases.Realizing that it may appearfar-fetched to compare the di- I

seases of animal life, and evenman, to the diseases of plants,undoubtedly there is a veryclose analogy. By comparingthe two, we learn that which I

will help us in both. Boththe florist and the greenkeep-er are vi tall y in terested in

PAGE TEN