Classroom ChemistryTopics that are covered in this PowerPoint are:- What is Chemistry- Basic information about atoms- Reading the Periodic Table of the Elements- States of Matter- Changing States of matter- Surface Tension

What do you think Chemistry is? Chemistry is a basic science that investigates

how substances and materials interact with one another, and how these materials stay the same of change in the presence of each other.

All material is made of matter. Matter is everything around you. Matter is

anything made of atoms and molecules. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up

space. Mass put simply is anything with weight.

What is Chemistry?

They are similar to building blocks They are the smallest pieces of matter An atom has 3 basic parts:

◦ Proton◦ Neutron◦ Electron

We have billions of atoms in us! They are stored in each of the elements Elements: oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, etc. Chemists have figured out that over 95% of your

body is made up of hydrogen (H), carbon (C), nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus (P), and calcium (Ca)

What is an atom?

 The Periodic Table of the Elements is a list of all the chemical elements that occur in the universe. It categorizes elements based on the properties of their atoms.

The elements are listed by their atomic number. This is the number of protons that they have.

Number of protons

ElementsymbolElemen

t name

Atomic mass

How To Read The Periodic Table

Describe how to read the periodic table: Every table has:

Atomic Number

The number of protons in an atom identifies the element.    The number of protons in an atom is referred to as the atomic number of that element.

Atomic Symbol:The atomic symbol is one or two letters chosen to represent an element ("H" for "hydrogen," “O” is for “oxygen”).  These symbols are used everywhere in the world

States of Matter

These are in three types: solids, liquids or gases.

Chemistry also studies how solids, liquids, and gases change under different physical conditions.

More about atoms and matter

•So, what is a solid? Solids are usually hard, because their molecules have been packed together. • You might ask, "Is baby power a solid?

It's soft and powdery." • Baby power is also a solid. It's just a

ground down piece of talc.

•Solids are firm and have a firm shape.

•A rock will always look like a rock unless something happens to it. The same goes for a diamond. Even when you grind up a solid into a powder, you will see tiny pieces of that solid under a microscope. Solids like their shape.

What is a solid?

Remember, a solid holds it’s shape, and can be hard or soft.

What are some you can think of?

Food: Pears, Pieces of Corn, Rice, Apples, Sugar,

Items: Desks, Pencils, Chairs, Whiteboard Felts, Paper Clips

What are some examples of solids?

•So, what is a liquid? What are some examples you can think of?• Water, Pop, Juice, Gasoline,

Creams, White Glue, Blood.

•Liquids have a definite volume, but an indefinite shape.

•If you weigh a glass of water, it will have a mass. The volume of liquid water in a pool is different than that of a coffee cup. •You can carry liquids in bottles, pots, pans, you can clasp them between your hands.•They take the shape of the container they are in.

What is a liquid?

•So, what is a gas? What are some examples you can think of?• Gases are everywhere in our

atmosphere! • Oxygen, Helium, Water

Vapour, Nitrogen, Pressurized Commercial Products.

•Gases tend to be “airlike”. They have particles that have neither a defined shape or volume.

- Gases fit anywhere! It doesn't even matter how big the container is. The molecules still spread out to fill the whole space equally.

What is a gas?

Solid, Liquids, or Gases Game

In your group, write your guess on your whiteboard, with a reason why it is that state.And....shhh! Don’t share!

Example - Book

It is a solid because it is hard, and keeps it shape.

River

It is a liquid because it is has a definite volume, but an indefinite shape.

Diamond

It is a solid because it is hard, and keeps it shape.

Magma

It is a liquid because it is has a definite volume, but an indefinite shape.

Sand

It is a solid because it is hard, and keeps it shape.

Smoke stack pollution

It is a gas because it has neither a defined shape or volume.

Grass

It is a solid because it is hard, and keeps it shape.

The Atmosphere

It is a gas because it has neither a defined shape or volume.

Jello

This is a tricky one! Technically, jello is neither a liquid nor a solid because its physical properties do not perfectly match either category.

Colloid Jello is a colloid.

A Colloid is one state of matter suspended within another

How it works:Microscopic solid particles are dispersed (or suspended) in a liquid

Examples: Whipping cream, jello, shaving cream or jel, mayonnaise

Changing States of Matter

Is it possible for matter to change states?

The answer is yes, but some substances require

extreme temperatures Think about……

Water

Changing States

Solid H2O is called iceLiquid H2O is called waterGas H2O is called water vapor

How states of matter change

The state of matter will change when energy is exchanged.

Solid + heat Liquid

When molecules are heated, they begin to move faster. The faster they move, the weaker their bonds become.When bonds are looser, the substance moves more freely and takes up more space.

Liquid + heat Gas

Examples - Changes of matter

We know that water can change states…. But can other substances change states too?

What substances change states?

As a table group, think of as many examples as you can

Examples:

Chocolate

Candle wax

Butter

Loli pop

Gold

Surface TensionWe will first make discoveries in a lab!

This lab is called “How Full is Full?”.In this lab, we will: make predictions about how many more dirhams can fit into a

glass of water that is already full. As a class, we will conduct the experiment by counting the

number of dirhams that can be added to a glass of water before it over flows

In groups, you will conduct the same experiment using paperclips

Surface Tension Water droplets are round and shaped like

balloons

The film that forms on the surface of the water is called surface tension.

Surface tension is due to cohesion. Cohesion is an attraction of the molecules

in water.

Lab: How Full is Full?

Questions:What did you notice about the surface of

the water before the dirhams were added?

Why was the water able to bulge up before over flowing?

End of Information on Quiz #1

Called “Chemistry and Matter”

- Definition of Chemistry (2 points)- Definition of matter (2 points) and

three examples of it (3 points) - Definition of mass (2 points) - The definition of an atom (2

points) , and it’s three parts labeled on a drawing (3 points)

- The definition of solid, liquid, and gases, (3 points) and six examples of each illustrated. (6 points)

Visual Journal Page

Chemis t ry and Mat te r

Chemistry is……

Matter is……. Some examples of matter include a dog, a feather, and a backpack.

A solid is…

A liquid is…

A gas is..

http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_liquid.html

More information on solids, liquids, and gases!