topics : states of matter pure substances mixtures physical and chemical changes law of conservation...
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Matter. Topics : States of Matter Pure Substances Mixtures Physical and Chemical Changes Law of Conservation of Mass. Everything that has mass and volume is called matter. What is matter?. States of Matter. Uses of Plasma. Printing on plastic food containers - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Topics:1.States of Matter2.Pure Substances3.Mixtures4.Physical and Chemical Changes5.Law of Conservation of Mass
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Everything that has mass and volume is called matter.
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States of Matter
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•Computer chips and integrated circuits
•Computer hard drives
•Electronics
•Machine tools
•Medical implants and prosthetics
•Audio and video tapes
•Aircraft and automobile engine parts
•Printing on plastic food containers
•Energy-efficient window coatings
•High-efficiency window coatings
•Safe drinking water
•Voice and data communications components
•Anti-scratch and anti-glare coatings on eyeglasses and other optics
Uses of Plasma
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Matter(materials)
Substances Mixtures
Elements CompoundsHomogeneousmixtures(solutions)
Heterogeneousmixtures
Physical processes
Chemical
reactions
Classification of Matter
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• Fixed composition
• Cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical changes
• Only changed chemically
• Properties don’t change.
Characteristics of Pure Substances
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Compounds• 2 or more elements
chemically combined
• Formula, Molecule• Ex. Water, Carbon
Dioxide, Oxygen gas
• H2O, CO2, O2
Elements• Cannot be broken
down by chemical means
• Ex. Gold, Sodium, Copper, Oxygen
• Single symbols, atoms
• Au, Na, Cu, O
2 Types of Pure Substances – All use symbols!
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• 2 or more substances NOT chemically bonded.
• No formulas or symbols•Variable composition•Parts keep individual properties•Separated into pure substances by physical methods
What is a Mixture?
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Homogeneous VS Heterogeneous•Look the same throughout
•Examples
•Solutions
•Solute & Solvent
•Don’t look the same throughout or have different size particles
•Examples
•Suspension
•Colloid (liq/solid)
•Emulsion (liq/liq)
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Physical Properties – observed & measured w/o changing substance
• Density• Size• Boiling Pt.• Shape• Mass• Texture
• Melting Pt.• Strength• Hardness• Magnetism• Color• Volume
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What do physical properties determine?
• Determine uses for item.–Aluminum for foil–Isopropyl alcohol for cooling–Graphite for writing
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Methods to separate mixtures• Filtering• Distillation• Magnets• Evaporation• Chromatography
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Chemical Properties• Describes how substance changes
into a new substance,– Reactions– Energy and mass rearrange– Ex. – burning, rusting,
acid/base reactions
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• Used to change pure substances• 5 signs of chemical change
– Temp change– Light– Color change– Bubbles– Smell
• Make new substances
Chemical Changes
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Matter cannot be created nor destroyed. It is just converted from one form to another.
Law of Conservation of Mass