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Research and innovation: what's next in Brussels? Science|Business Policy Bridge, 6 November 2009

Scotland House, Brussels

Topics What’s next? The future of R&D and innovation policy A cluster of new advisory reports are being delivered this Autumn to the Commission, with recommendations for major change in the way the EU organizes its R&D and innovation efforts. The purpose of this workshop/seminar is to find the common ground among the key players in the upcoming policy changes. The advisory reports to be discussed:

European Research Area Board Discussant: Chair, John Wood

The Business Panel on Future EU Innovation Policy Discussant: Chair, Diogo Vasconcelos

The Expert Group on the Role of EU Innovation Policy in the Knowledge‐Based Economy Discussant: Chair: Luc Soete

The Expert Group of the European Technology Platforms Discussant: Gernot Klotz

Science|Business Innovation Board Discussant: Director, John Wyles

Among the issues to be discussed:

RDI to solve the grand challenges of climate change, energy and healthcare

New financing mechanisms for science‐based companies and projects

Governance of Framework 7 and 8, and coordination between Brussels and the member‐states

Creating an environment for open innovation and industrial investment in RDI

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Agenda 09:15 – 10:00 Coffee & Croissants 10:00 – 11:30 An overview of RDI recommendations

The view from the Parliament

The view from the Presidency

The recommendations from the advisory groups

11:30 – 11:45 Coffee 11:45 – 13:00 Policy Workshop

So where do the groups (mostly) agree? Does a common agenda emerge, on which political leaders can act? Discussion among all participants.

13:00 – 14:00 Informal Lunch

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Featured Speakers MARIA DA GRAÇA CARVALHO MEP, member of the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy (ITRE)

Maria da Graça Carvalho is a member of the European Parliament in the PPE group since 14 July 2009 (member of the ITRE‐Industry, Research and Energy Committee, substitute member of the Budgets Committee and member of the ACP‐UE Joint Parliamentary Assembly). She was elected co‐ President of the Economic Development, Finance and Trade Committee of ACP‐UE Joint Parliamentary Assembly.

She has been Principal Adviser of President Barroso in the areas of Science, Higher Education, Innovation, Research Policy, Energy, Environment and Climate Change from 2006 to 2009.

She is a Full Professor at Instituto Superior Técnico (Technical University of Lisbon) and she has a 30 years research experience in the areas of energy, environment and climate change. In 1983 she obtained her Ph.D. at the Imperial College in London in the area of energy intensive industries. She was the founder of a research group of 50 people at Instituto Superior Técnico (Technical University of Lisbon) in the Energy, Environment and Climate Change fields.

She has been Minister of Science and Higher Education of the XV Constitutional Government of Portugal and Minister of Science, Innovation and Higher Education of the XVI Constitutional Government, Director‐General of GRICES‐Office for International Relations in Science and Higher Education and Deputy President of the Portuguese Association of Engineers. She has been member of the Board of Directors and President of the Scientific Board of Instituto Superior Técnico (Technical University of Lisbon). She is a member of 22 national and international scientific associations and fellow of AIAA‐American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, of AAAS‐American Association for the Advancement of Science, of the WAAS – World Academy of Art and Science and of the Portuguese Academy of Science.

She published 115 articles in international scientific journals and more then 300 articles in international books and proceedings of conferences. She is author of 2 books and editor of 14 books and special editions of international scientific journals. Her main area of research is Energy, Climate Change and optimization of energy intensive industries.

She was decorated by the President of Portugal with the designation “Great Official of the Order of Public Instruction” within the scope of International Women Day Programme (8 March 2002) and by the Chancellery of the International Order of Merit of the Discoverer of Brazil with the high honour of the Great Cross (26 April 2005).

JAMES ELLES MEP, member of the Committee on Budgets

James Elles has been a Member of the European Parliament since 1984. He became a Euro MP after an eight‐year career as a civil servant with the European Commission. James is one of four Conservative Euro MPs for the South‐East region, and has special Conservative responsibility for the counties of Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire with a combined population of over two million.

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Now in his sixth term, James is the longest serving member of the European Parliament’s Budgets Committee. He was rapporteur (the person appointed to steer a measure through Parliament) for the 1996 Budget which was regarded as the best “value for money” budget seen in the European Parliament, as well as for the 2007 Budget.

In 1992, he founded the Transatlantic Policy Network (TPN) of which he resumed chairmanship this year. The purpose of TPN is to help build bridges between the US and EU involving business and policy‐makers on both sides of the Atlantic. In 2000, James co‐founded the European Internet Foundation (EIF) and is currently its Vice‐Chairman. In 2002, he established the EP's All‐Party Group on Kashmir of which he is currently Chairman. In 2002, he also set up the European Ideas Network (EIN), a pan‐European think‐tank, feeding into Centre Right thinking in Europe.DIOGO VASCONCELOS Chair of the Business Panel on Future EU Innovation Policy, and Distinguished Fellow, Cisco Systems International

RICHARD L. HUDSON (moderator) CEO & Editor, Science|Business

Rich has been a leading science and technology journalist in Europe for 20 years. As managing editor of the Wall Street Journal Europe from 1997 to 2003, he helped lead a redesign of the title in 2000. A graduate of Harvard, a former Knight Fellow at MIT and Visiting Scholar at Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.

Co‐author of a book with Yale/IBM "fractal" mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot: The (mis)Behavior of Markets: A fractal view of risk, ruin & reward. Basic Books 2004.

BJARNE KIRSEBOM Minister, Research, Permanent Representation of Sweden to the European Union

Bjarne Kirsebom is presently Minister for Research at the Permanent Representation of Sweden to the European Union in Brusssels. Until 2005, he was a member of the Council Atomic Questions Group. From 2000 to 2003, Bjarne was Managing Director of Stockholm Arts & Science, as well as Chairman of Foundation for Science Information between 1996 and 2003.

Until 2000, Bjarne Kirsebom was Chairman and Managing Director of Learnways Co, and between 1995 and 1998 he was Managing Director of the Knowledgefoundation (KK‐ stiftelsen).

Bjarne Kirsebom was State Secretary for the Ministry for Education and Science between 1991 and 1994.

Between 1982 and 1991 Bjarne was Vice President for administration and communication at the University of Umea. Between 1973 and 1982 he worked in various positions at the Ministry of Education.

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GERNOT KLOTZ Executive Director Research and Innovation, CEFIC

Gernot Klotz is the Executive Director for Research and Innovation at the European Chemical Industry Council (Cefic). He coordinates and steers the innovation‐related activities of the organisation: technology development, innovation policies, societal acceptance of new technologies and products, emerging science/policy issues and the Cefic Long‐range Research Initiative (LRI). He is also responsible for the EU Technology Platform for Sustainable Chemistry.

Prior to joining Cefic in 2007, he held various research and business positions in Bayer.

Gernot Klotz currently sits in various advisory and steering committees at OECD, WHO and EU Commission level in areas such as innovation, technology development, impact on environment and health.

OLOF SANDBERG Senior Adviser, Ministry of Education and Research, Sweden

Mr Olof Sandberg is a senior advisor with the Ministry of Education and Research, Division of Research Policy. His main responsibility is research and innovation policy on a European level. Mr Sandberg jointed the Government offices in 1998 and has since mainly been involved in European and International affairs. His involvement in the Framework Programme for R&D dates back to 1992 and in 1994‐95 he served as a national expert to the Commission. Since 2001 he is a member of CREST where he has chaired several working groups. At present he is responsible for the planning of the

Swedish Presidency in the research area.

Mr Sandberg holds a masters degree in aeronautical engineering from Royal Institute of Technology 1979 as well as a masters degree in Ocean engineering from UC Berkeley 1986. During his time in the ministry he completed in 2003 a masters of public administration from University of Uppsala where his special interest was the Swedish constitutional model in EU negotiations. In his spare time he is a passionate jogger (New York Marathon 2003) and enjoys horseback riding and cooking.

LUC SOETE Chair, Knowledge‐Based Economy Expert Group and Director, United Nations University‐MERIT

Dr. Luc Soete (License Econ. MA Dev.Econ. (Ghent), Phd Econ.(Sussex) is Professor of International Economics (on leave) at the Faculty of Economics, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands, and Director of the Maastricht Economic Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT), which he established in 1988. Since January 2005 he is appointed as director of UNU‐Intech, the Maastricht based institute on New Technologies of the United Nations University. On January 1, 2005

Luc Soete became joint Director of the United Nations University Institute for New Technologies and the Maastricht Economic Research Institute on Innovation and Technology, now called UNU‐MERIT.

UNU‐MERIT is now a world class research institute with some 40 full time researchers. The research activities of UNU‐MERIT are structured along five broad themes related to a central research

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programme: the need to acquire better insights into the mechanisms governing the development and diffusion of technological change.

Before coming to Maastricht in 1986, he worked at the Department of Economics of UFSIA, University of Antwerp, the Institute of Development Studies and the Science Policy Research Unit (SPRU) at the University of Sussex, England. He was Visiting Associate Professor at the Department of Economics, Stanford University.

He is a member of the Scientific Committees of CEPREMAP in Paris, DIW in Berlin, the CIAR Economic Growth Programme in Toronto, the Pole Universitaire Européen in Grenoble and the newly founded research group on economics and new information and Communication technologies, Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung, Mannheim. Since January 2004, he is also member of the Dutch Adviesraad voor Wetenschap en Technologie (AWT) (Dutch Advisory Council on Science and Technology).

Dr. Soete’s research interests include both the theoretical and empirical study of technological change on employment and international trade and investment, the economics of technological change and innovation, and the related policy measurement issues.

In 1994‐1995 Dr. Soete was co‐ordinator for the OECD’s Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry, the G‐7 project ‘Technology, Productivity and Job Creation’.

Dr. Soete Chaired the High Level Expert Group on the ‘Social and Societal Aspects of the Information Society’ for the European Commission. This group was set up in May 1995 to look into the social and societal aspects of the Information Society, and is seen as an integral part of the European Commission’s Action Plan on the Information Society.

Dr. Soete has published a large number of books and articles on the subject of industrial innovation and its economic implications for Western countries. His research interests cover the broad range of theoretical and empirical studies of the impact of technological change, in particular new information and communication technologies on employment, economic growth, and international trade and investment, as well as the related policy and measurement issues.

DIOGO VASCONCELOS Chair of the Business Panel on Future EU Innovation Policy, and Distinguished Fellow, Cisco Systems International

Since February 2007, Diogo Vasconcelos has been a Distinguished Fellow with Cisco’s Internet Business Solutions Group (IBSG), the global strategy and innovation group of Cisco. Diogo leads Cisco’s global program on ageing and innovation. He is also working on the role of ICT fighting climate change and promoting energy efficiency, and sustainable prosperity and the role of next generation broadband to foster innovation among other things. He works with different governments in Europe and Middle East, with the European Commission, with the UN’s High

Commissioner for the Alliance of Civilizations and the European Investment Bank. Diogo is also working in Lebanon and Palestine on innovation, IT & broadband for social cohesion and economy growth.

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He chairs a Business Panel on Future EU innovation policy, set up by D.G. Enterprise (European Commission) in January 2009 to provide input to the next European Commission, in the context of post 2010 Lisbon strategy http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/innovation/policy/future‐policy/business_panel_en.htm

He is Chairman of SIX ‐ Social Innovation eXchange (www.socialinnovationexchange.org), a global community of over 400 individuals and organizations – including small NGOs and global firms, public agencies and academics ‐ committed to promoting social innovation and growing the capacity of the field. He also chairs the international NGO Dialogue Café (www.dialoguecafe.org)

In May 2008, he was elected Chairman of APDC, the association that represents all the ICT industry in Portugal. Chosen by Portuguese business newspaper as Entrepreneur of the Year and one of the country’s leading personalities in 2008. Diogo is also non executive member of the board of Catholic University of Porto.

Diogo was elected in May 2009, member of the Executive Board on DigitalEurope, the voice of digital industry in Europe.

Before joining Cisco, Diogo was the Knowledge Economic Advisor to the Portuguese President of Republic Prof Cavaco Silva and lead the President’s widely studied digital campaign and “digital presidency”. As responsible for Knowledge Society policies across government between 2003 and 2005, Diogo created and leaded the implementation of the eGoverment Action Plan and National Broadband Initiative. He represented Portugal in the European Council of Ministers and on the eEurope Advisory Group.He was also a member of the board of the Portuguese Innovation Agency, where he launched several successful initiatives for new entrepreneurs, tech transfer offices in all universities & new R&D departments in private sector. Before that, he was elected member of the Parliament and was Vice‐President of Social Democratic Party and its spokesperson for Innovation and knowledge Society. Prior to that, Diogo founded a multimedia company and published the first magazines in his country on both the internet and entrepreneurship and launched the Entrepreneurs Academy. He has a Law degree and post‐graduate degrees in Communications Law, Management and Political Science. In 2006, Diogo received from the former President Jorge Sampaio one of his country’s highest honors for his work, the “Commander of the Order of Prince D. Henrique”.

Born in 16th May 1968, Diogo is married and lives in London.

PROF. JOHN WOOD Chair of the European Research Area Board (ERAB)

Professor John Wood CBE, FREng became the first chair of the European Research Area Board in 2008, and is senior international relations adviser at Imperial College London. He has doctorates from Cambridge and Sheffield Universities. He has held academic posts at several universities prior to Imperial College. He was Dean of Engineering at Nottingham and Principal of Engineering at Imperial before taking up his present post.

From 2001‐2007 he was seconded to the Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils as Chief Executive where he was responsible for the Rutherford‐Appleton and Daresbury Laboratories in addition to shareholdings in ESRF, ILL and the Diamond Light Source.

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He is a non‐executive director of a number of companies including Bio‐Nano Consulting and sits on the advisory board of the British Library. Currently he is on the board of the Joint Information Services Committee responsible for the UK academic computing network and chairs their Support for Research Committee.

He was a founder member of the European Strategy Forum for Research Infrastructure and became chair in 2004 where he was responsible for the first European Roadmap. He was elected as a fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering in 1999 and was made a Commander of the British Empire in 2007 for "services to science." His academic research focused on the processing of new materials where he has published over 240 papers and named on 17 patents.

JOHN WYLES Director, Science|Business Innovation Board

John is Director of the Science|Business Innovation Board, a blue‐ribbon panel of leaders in industry, academia and policy who seek to improve the climate for innovation in Europe. First as bureau chief of the Financial Times in Brussels, then as a successful EU strategic adviser in his own right, John Wyles brings a powerful mix of media, political and corporate experience to SciencelBusiness. Over the years he has acquired an unrivalled knowledge of the EU, its policies and the people who run it.

John has 15 years experience giving strategic advice on EU affairs to clients in banking, accounting, automobile, high technology, financial services and other sectors. For the last 8 years, he has been a partner in the Brussels consultancy, GPlus Europe. John spent 18 years on the FT staff, as Foreign News Editor and as Rome and New York correspondent, as well as heading the FT's coverage of EU affairs in Brussels for five years. Between 1995 and 2001, John developed the Euro information campaign for the European Commission. The campaign was hugely successful in raising awareness of the Euro and in encouraging companies and public institutions to prepare for the introduction of the euro.

John is a Senior Adviser to leading Brussels think‐tank the European Policy Centre and has, for several years, been a regular columnist for the European Voice. He is also active in the design and moderation of the Interstate Conference, an annual three‐day seminar for MBA students from Europe and the US. He contributes to the work of the Transatlantic Policy Network ‐ a grouping of MEPs, Congressmen and business leaders dedicated to strengthening EU‐US relations.

John graduated from the University of Liverpool with a degree in Politics. He is fluent in English, Italian and French.

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List of Participants Please visit the event website for a detailed participants list, which includes biographical information:

www.sciencebusiness.net/events/whatsnext

9

Research

and innovatio

n: w

hat's n

ext in

Brusse

ls?

Science|B

usin

ess Policy B

ridge, 6

Novem

ber 2

009

Scotlan

d House, B

russels

List of P

articipan

ts

First nam

eLast n

ame

Functio

nOrgan

isation

Beata

Bibrowska

FP7 Projects M

anager

Université Lib

re de B

ruxelles

David

Boyd

Directo

r, Global P

ublic A

ffairs & Intern

ational C

ommunity

GE H

ealthcare

Jean‐Clau

de

Burgelm

an

Head

of U

nit

DG Research

, European

Commissio

n

Maria D

a Graça

Carvalh

oMEP, M

ember o

f Committee o

n ITR

EEuropean

Parliam

ent

Keith

Culver

Professo

r ‐ Econovin

g Chair

Université d

e Versailles‐Sain

t‐Quen

tin‐en

‐Yvelines

Marcelin

edu Prie

EU liaiso

n officer

Delft U

niversity o

f Technology

James

EllesMEP, m

ember o

f Committee o

n Budgets

European

Parliam

ent

James

Eshelb

ySen

ior D

irector

Pfizer Lim

ited

Gary

Finnegan

Journalist

Euractiv

Natash

aGilbert

Rep

orter

Natu

re

Andre

Hageh

ülsm

ann

Innovatio

n Coordinato

r Europe

Micro

soft R

esearch

Kas

Hem

mes

Asso

ciate Pofesso

rDelft U

niversity o

f Technology, Fac TP

M

Lauren

sHoed

emaker

Directo

r EU Affairs

TNO Corporate Staff

Graem

eHollan

dHealth

care Policy, EM

EAGE H

ealthcare

Rich

ardHudson

CEO

& Ed

itor

Science|B

usin

ess

Christo

pher

Hull

Secretary Gen

eralEA

RTO

Marie

Ivarsson

Intern

ational R

DI Collab

oratio

ns

Regio

n Västra G

ötalan

d, Sw

eden

Jorg

Jenew

einSen

ior M

anager G

overn

men

t Affairs

Amgen

Anna

Jenkin

son

Brussels C

orresp

onden

tScien

ce|Busin

ess

Bjarn

eKirseb

om

Minister, R

esearchPerm

anen

t Rep

resentatio

n of Sw

eden

to th

e European

Union

Gern

ot

Klotz

Executive D

irector R

esearch an

d Innovatio

nCEFIC

Peter

Koeko

ekBusin

ess Develo

pmen

t Manager

Science|B

usin

ess

Wald

emar

Kütt

Dep

uty C

hef d

e Cabinet to

Commissio

ner P

otočnik

European

Commissio

n

10

Research

and innovatio

n: w

hat's n

ext in

Brusse

ls?

Science|B

usin

ess Policy B

ridge, 6

Novem

ber 2

009

Scotlan

d House, B

russels

List of P

articipan

ts

First nam

eLast n

ame

Functio

nOrgan

isation

Ludo

Lauwers

Senior V

ice Presid

ent

Janssen

Pharm

aceutica N

V

Susan

ne

Liou

Program

Officer

Natu

ral Sciences &

Engin

eering R

esearch Council, C

anada

Ray

Pinto

Senior G

overn

men

t Affairs M

anager

Micro

soft EM

EA

Patrick

Pype

Directo

r European

Affairs

NXP Sem

iconducto

rs Belgiu

m NV

Andre

Ram

pat

Manager

Science|B

usin

ess

Clive

Reeves

Manager, Tech

nology C

ollab

oratio

nSco

ttish En

terprise

Kath

rin M

ariaRudolf

Acco

unt Execu

tiveWaggen

er Edstro

m

Olof

Sandberg

Senior ad

viserMinistry o

f Educatio

n an

d Research

, Swed

en

Evelina

Santa

Policy O

fficerMinistry o

f Science an

d Innovatio

n, Sp

ain

Gert Jan

Scheu

rwater

Directo

r Corporate P

olicy A

ffairsDelft U

niversity o

f Technology

Duane

Schulth

essCommercial D

irector

Science|B

usin

ess

Keith

Sequeira

Policy O

fficerDG En

terprise an

d Industry, Eu

ropean

Commmissio

n

Luc

Soete

Chair

Knowled

ge‐Based

Economy Exp

ert Group an

d Directo

r,

United

Natio

ns U

niversity‐M

ERIT

Eleanor

Taylor

Head

of P

roof o

f Concep

t Program

me

Scottish

Enterp

rise

Mihaela

Ulieru

Canada R

esearch Chair

University o

f New

Brunsw

ick

Mem

ber

Science, Tech

nology an

d Innovatio

n Council, C

anada

Hans M

ellevan

Dijk

EU Liaiso

n Officer

Utrech

t University

Diogo

Vasco

ncelo

sChair

Busin

ess Panel o

n Fu

ture EU

Innovatio

n Policy

Distin

guish

ed Fello

wCisco

Systems In

ternatio

nal

Inga

Vesp

erRep

orter

Research

Europe

Johan

Vos

Directo

r of M

arket Develo

pmen

tUniversity o

f Amsterd

am

Anna

Vosecko

vaHead

of O

fficeCzech

Liaison Office fo

r Research

and Develo

pmen

t

John

Wood

Chair

European

Research

Area B

oard

(ERAB)

John

Wyles

Directo

rScien

ce|Busin

ess Innovatio

n Board

11



Analysis of recommendations to the new Commission ‐ by Science|Business

This Autumn, a cluster of advisory bodies, official and unofficial, have been publishing advice to the

new Commission and Parliament for reform of research, development and innovation policy.

For clarity, Science|Business has prepared an analysis of the recommendations to see where they

have broad agreement.

A PDF version of this analysis, and links to the relevant reports are available on the event website:

www.sciencebusiness.net/events/whatsnext

12

Research

and In

novatio

n: W

hat's n

ext in

Brusse

ls?Analysis of recom

mendations to the new

Commission ‐ by Science|

Business

FUNDIN

GFO

CUS

OPEN IN

NOVATIO

NGOVER

NANCE

EXCELLEN

CE

Recommendation 1 PUBLIC

FUNDIN

G:Increase

R&D

andeducation

funding‐perhaps

with

anew

,joint

targetpercentage

ofGDP

ratherthan

thenarrow

Barcelonatarget.

Re‐focusstructural

andother

fundstow

ardsinnovation.Procurem

entis an added tool.

GRA

ND

CHALLEN

GES:

EURD

Iprogram

mes

shouldfocus

onmajor

societalchallenges(eg

climate

change,alternative

energy,healthcare

foran

aging population)

OPEN

INSTITU

TIONS:

New

networks,

knowledge

institutions,and

clustersare

neededto

enhanceopen innovation

EUCO

ORD

INATIO

N:A

greaterrolefor

EUinstitutions

andprogram

mes,

andgreater

coherenceam

ongEU

policiesto

support innovation

COMPETITIO

N:

EUR&

Dprogram

mes

shouldbe

thegold

standardfor

excellence,basedon

opencom

petitionam

ongthe

best.

Recommendation 2PUBLIC/PRIV

ATE

FUNDIN

G:New

EIForotherco‐investm

entfunds

tofinance

innovations,and

taxincentives

toencourage

theform

ationof

riskcapital

for innovative companies

INFRA

STRUCTU

RE:Investin

e‐scienceand w

orld‐class research infrastructure

IP:Get

acom

mmunity

patent,and

createnew

markets

tofind

andtrade know

ledge

BRUSSELS

COORD

INATIO

N:

Createstronger

leadershippositions

inBrussels

forRD

I,base

policyon

evidenceand

foresightplanning,

andbroaden

policydialogue to all stakeholders

UNIVERSITIES:

Reformis

neededto

reward

andfosterexcellence

atour research universities

Recommendation 3

MOBILITY:A

chieveamajorincrease

inresearcher

andstudent

mobility,

within

andwithout

theEU

,throughnew

legalschem

esand

reorganisation of institutions

PROGRA

MME

DESIG

N:

Greater

flexibilityin

regulationand

administration

ofprojects

andgrants,

tomake

theEU

programmes

more

attractiveto

industryand

academia,

SMEs

andmultinationals

CLUSTERS:

Encouragethe

bestclusters

toim

provecom

petitiveness.

Recommendation 4

SCIENCE

+SO

CIETY:Greater

educationand

communications

effortsare

neededabout

scienceand innovation

©2009 Scie

nce Busin

ess P

ublish

ing Ltd

. Free use of th

is analysis is p

erm

itted, p

rovid

ed Scie

nce|B

usin

ess is cre

dite

d.

This Autum

n, a cluster of advisory bodies, official and unofficial, have been publishing advice to the new Com

mission and Parliam

ent for reform of research, developm

ent and innovation policy. For clarity, Science|Business has prepared this analysis of the recom

mendations to see w

here they have broad agreement. The result, sum

marized

below, constitutes an 'expert' agenda for RD

I policy.

13

Research

and In

novatio

n: W

hat's n

ext in

Brusse



Commission ‐ by Science

|Business

1 ‐ List o

f expert gro

ups re

viewed

Group

EuropeanResearch

Area

Board

ExpertPanel

‐Know

ledge‐Based Econom

yBusiness

Panelon

futureEU innovation polic y

ETP Expert G

roupLund D

eclarationBruegel

Science|Business

Innovation Board

LeadersProf.

JohnWood,

Imperial

College LondonProf. Luc Soete, U

NU‐M

ERITDiogo V

asconcelos, Cisco

Horst

Soboll,ERTRA

C(ex‐

Daim

ler)

ParOmling,

Swedish

ResearchCouncil

Editor:Andre

Sapir.Author

ofRD

Imem

o:Bruno

van Pottelsberghe

Moderator: Pat Cox,

European Movem

ent (ex‐European Parliam

ent). Director:

John Wyles, SB

About

22leaders

inacadem

ia,industry

andpolicy

convenedby

CommissionerPotocnik

tomake

recommendations

onthe

long‐termfuture

ofthe

ERA.

Firstreport

releasedOctober

2009(ScienceBusiness rapporteur);

furtherreports

plannedwith

more‐detailed

recommendations

17econom

istsand

otherexperts

convenedto

make

short‐termrecom

mendations

forR&

Dprogram

mes

toDG

Research

5business

leadersappointed

byDG

Enterpriseand

Industrywith

amandate

torecom

mend

prioritiesand

actionsfor

futureEU

innovationpolicy.

ReportOctober

2009(rapporteur

Prof.Maureen

McElvey,U

Gothenburg)

10experts

‐five

with

ETPexperience,

two

fromcivil

society,three

fromauthorities/m

ember‐

states

Statement

fromSw

edish Presidency conference

11Bruegel

fellows

write

policyrecom

mendations

forthe

incoming

Commission

10 leaders in industry, academ

ia and policy that m

eet semi‐

annually to make

independent recom

mendations on

EU innovation polic y

Title

PreparingEurope

foraNew

Renaissance:A

StrategicView

ofthe

EuropeanResearch A

rea

TheRole

ofCom

munity

ResearchPolicy

inthe

Know

ledge‐Based Economy

ReinventEurope

ThroughInnovation

Strenghteningthe

Roleof

EuropeanTechnology Platform

sin

Addressing Europe's

Grand Challenges

EuropeanResearch

Must

Focuson

theGrand Challenges

Mem

ostothe

New

Commission

Stimulating

Innovation,Towards

aMore

InnovativeEurope,Born

toGrow

,Clustering for G

rowth

Release

Octobe r

October

October

October

JulyOctober

2008‐2009©2009 Scie

nce Busin

ess P

ublish

ing Ltd

. Free use of th

is analysis is p

erm

itted, p

rovid

ed Scie

nce|B

usin

ess is cre

dite

d.

14

Research

and In

novatio

n: W

hat's n

ext in

Brusse




|Business (Q

uotations from reports)

2 ‐ List o

f recommendatio

ns o

n fu

nding

Topic ‐ SB Analysis

ERAB M

ilestones: 2030KBE

Business P

anelETP

ExpertGroup

Lund Declaration

Bruegel M

emos

Innovation Board

PUBLIC

FUNDIN

G:

IncreaseR&D

andeducation

funding‐

perhapswith

anew

,joint

targetpercentage

ofGDP

ratherthan

thenarrow

Barcelona

target.Re‐focus

structuralandother

fundstow

ardsinnovation.

Procurem

entis

anadded

tool.

OverallR&

Dfunding

risesto

5%ofG

DP,

ofwhich

industrialR&D

accountsfor2/3.

TheEU

spendsup

to3tim

esmore

thanin

2005on

itshigher

education,or

3.3%of

GDP.2%

ofpublic

procurement

ERA‐

wide

isearm

arkedforinnovative

andpre‐

commercialtechnologies,

andis

opento

European‐wide

competition.

Theshare

ofthe

EUbudget

devotedto

researchtriples

to12%

.At

least30%

ofthe

structuralfunds

areused

forRTD

.(includingfostering

partnerships,supporting

pre‐commercialprocurem

entand

investingin

large‐scaleresearch

infrastructureswhere

needed)–

doublethe

currentallocation.

More

than75%

ofthe

overallEC's

budgetis

orientedtow

ardsinvesting

inits

futureas

aknow

ledge‐based society.

Seta

newEU

3%know

ledgeinvestm

enttarget.

Obtain

Mem

berStates’

commitm

entto

increasetheir

investments

inknow

ledgeand

setnational

targetsso

asto

achievethat

by2020

1%of

Europe’sGDPis

spentfrom

publicfunds

onresearch

anddevelopm

entand

2%of

Europe’sGDP

onhigher

education.Im

plementation

ofnational

targetswill

beunder

thefull

controlof

governments

andwill

notdepend

onprivate

sectorinvestm

entdecisions.

Allocate

agreater

proportionofstructuralfunds

tothe

development

ofresearch

andinnovation

capacity.In

particular,make

theprovision

ofstructural

fundsconditional

uponthe

development

ofsmartspecialisation

strategies.

Negotiate

with

theCouncil

onnew

spendingtargets

tobe

achievedby

theEU

:an

aggregateknow

ledgespend

offivepercent

ofGDP

tobe

achievedby

2014.Tw

otypes

ofexpenditure

areat

theroot

ofsustainable

growth:

educationand

research.The

sumof

R&D

intensityand

higher‐educationexpenditure

asashare

ofGDPshould

increasefrom

thecurrent

3.2percent

(against5.6

percentin

theUS)

tofive

percentby

theyear

2014.This

new‘know

ledge‐intensity’target

approachwould

providemuch‐needed

andwelcom

eroom

formanoeuvre

formem

berstates,

giventheir

differingindustrial

specialisationsand

levelsof

economic

development.

Countriesthat

arehighly

specialisedin

serviceindustries

would

focuson

fosteringhigher

education,whereas

othercountries

might

chooseto

reinforceresearch

activities.The

common

denominator

hereis

knowledge generation and dissem

ination.

Investin

education–Europe

spendstoo

littleon

highereducation

‐about

halfas

much,

asa

percentageof

GDP,

asthe

US

orJapan.

Justas

thereis

nowtalk

ofspending

money

onphysical

infrastructure,suchas

roadsand

railways,as

away

ofmaintaining

economic

activity,weshould

lookclosely

atour

intellectualinfrastructure:

ouruniversities.

PUBLIC/P

RIVATE

FUNDIN

G:

New

EIFor

otherco‐investm

entfunds

tofinance

innovations,and

taxincentives

toencourage

theform

ationof

riskcapital

forinnovative com

panies

Riskcapital

availablefor

early‐stagetechnology

development

triples,to

0.15%ofG

DP.The

fiscalregimefor

R&D

andinnovation

incentivesis

tobe

optimised

acrossthe

EU.Tax

incentivesfor

R&D,

andfor

investment

ininnovative

companies,

will

beharm

onizedacross

Europeso

thatrisk‐

capitalcan

flowto

wherever

businesslogic

dictatesrather

thanto

wherever

rivaladm

inistrationscreate

temporary

havens.For

strongeruniversities,

we

neednew

incentives–for

instance,tax

creditsfor

donationsto

qualifiedresearch universities and institutes.

Supportyoung

innovativecom

paniesbeyond

theirstart‐up

phase.Launch

EU‐w

ide‘excellence

throughcom

petition’schem

esencouraging

younginnovative

companies

toundertake

high‐riskprojects

andpursue

radicalinnovations.

Innovativefinancing

models:

Europeneeds

aradical

newapproach

tofinancing

innovationwith

newpartnerships

toshare

riskand

more

intelligentways

tocom

binefunding

between

instruments.

Innovationshould

becore

tofinancial

institutions,with

theEuropean

Investment

Bank(EIB)

becoming

aEuropean

Innovation Bank.We propose

amajor

development

ofthe

EuropeanInvestm

entFund

(EIF)to

createa

pan‐European Innovation Fund.

It’stim

eto

scaleup,on

aEuropean

stage,someof

thesuccessful

schemes

forpublic/private

partnershipin

seedfinancing

thathave

beenpioneered

acrossEurope.

Examples

includeBritain’s

University

ChallengeSchem

eof

1999,which

providedmatching

fundsfor

privateinvestm

entin

universityspin‐out

companies;

andthe

Flemish

Investment

Boardwhose

co‐fundinghas

made

theuniversity

atLeuven

apotent

biotechnologyincubator.

TheEuropean

Investment

Bankhas

made

some

first,tentative

stepsto

helpon

acontinent‐w

idescale,but

much

more

effortis

needed.Also,

Europeangovernm

entsneed

tolighten

thetax

burdenfor

ouryoung,innovative

companies.A

nexam

pleis

aFrench

government

programme,

begunin

2004,that

hasprovided

temporary

taxbreaks

tomore

than1,700

newtech

companies.

Onthe

EUlevel,

research,financing

andstate‐aid

policiescould

givea

special,favourable

statusto

projectsinvolving young, innovative com

panies. ©2009 Scie

nce Busin

ess P

ublish

ing Ltd

. Free use of th

is analysis is p

erm

itted, p

rovid

ed Scie

nce|B

usin

ess is cre

dite

d.

15

Research

and In

novatio

n: W

hat's n

ext in

Brusse




Business

3 ‐ List o

f recommendatio

ns o

n fo

cus

Topic

ERAB M

ilesto

nes: 2

030

KBE

Busin

ess P

anel

ETP Exp

ert G

roup

Lund Declaratio

nBruegel

Innovatio

n

Board

GRAND

CHALLEN

GES:

EU

RDI

program

mes

should

focus

on

majo

rsocie

tal

challe

nges

(eg

climate

chan

ge,

alternative

energy,h

ealth

care

for

anagin

g

populatio

n)

Athird

ofpublic,

non‐m

ilitary

researchis

gearedto

grand

societal

challen

ges,with

amulti‐

discip

linary

approach

.30%

ofall

scientists,

inclu

ding

humanities

andsocialscien

ces,aretrain

edin

researchfield

srelevan

tto

the

Gran

dChallen

ges.Multi‐

discip

linary

academ

ictrain

ing

is

generalised

toed

ucate

our

researchcommunity

into

the

complexity

of

the

Gran

d

Challen

ges,with

outdim

inish

ing

the

importan

ceof

discip

line‐

based

expertise.

�50%

ofEC

researchfunding

isgoing

to

frontier,

high

‐riskresearch

and

develo

pmen

t.

Focus

policies

on

the

directio

nas

well

astherate

oftech

nical

change.

Channel

EUand

natio

nal

research

fundstoward

sthereso

lutio

n

of m

ajor so

cietal challen

ges.

Channel

researchfunds

urgen

tlytoward

sthe

resolutio

nofmajo

rsocietal

challen

ges.

Broaden

the

concep

tofinnovatio

n:

Busin

essinnovate

main

lyforretu

rnon

investm

ent,

society

must

innovate

for

social

return

and

transfo

rmatio

n.

Europe

facesunpreced

ented

challen

ges.This

callsforcollab

orative,

cross

cuttin

gresp

onses

reachingoutto

busin

ess,public

policy

communities,

researchers,

educato

rs,public

service

provid

ers,fin

anciers

and

NGOs.W

e

propose

tobase

EUactio

naro

und

compellin

gsocial

challen

ges;to

finance

social

innovatio

nfunds;

toincen

tivise

largescale

community

level

innovatio

ns;

totran

sform

the

public

sector

with

abudgetary

innovatio

n

target; and to

engage th

e young an

d th

e

old in

new

types o

f partn

erships.

ETPsshould

contin

ueto

existand

join

forces

intem

porary

clusters

towork

toward

ssolutio

nsto

a

particu

largran

d/so

cietal

challen

ge.The

clusters

should

adopt

variable

geometry

as

necessary.

The

vision,strategic

agenda,

implem

entatio

nplan

and

dep

loym

ent

strategydevelo

ped

with

intheclu

sterwill

represen

t

EU‐w

ideagreem

entonprio

rities

betw

eenacad

emia,

busin

essand

natio

nal

authorities,

and

should

be

used

asa

basis

toalign

prio

ritiesbetw

eentheEU

andthe

Mem

ber States.

European

researchmust

focus

on

the

Gran

d

Challen

gesof

our

time

movin

gbeyo

ndcurren

trigid

them

aticapproach

es.This

callsforanew

deal

among

European

institu

tions

and

Mem

ber

States,in

which

European

and

natio

nal

instru

men

tsare

well

aligned

and

cooperatio

nbuilds

on

transparen

cy and tru

st.

INFR

ASTR

UCTU

RE

:Invest

ine‐

science

andworld

‐

classresearch

infrastru

cture

The

tools

of

‘e‐science’

are

dep

loyed

throughoutthe

ERA,

perm

itting

intern

ational

collab

oratio

nso

that

all

researchers

will

seethem

selves

aspart

ofthe

global

research

system.A2006(ESFR

I)roadmap

for

infrastru

cture

projects

agreedbyall

mem

ber

statesisa

bold

statemen

tofinten

tin

this

respect

andweneed

torealise

as

many

of

them

asquickly

as

possib

le.

Invest

infuture

infrastru

cture

and

unlock

itspoten

tial:Europe

need

sto

createandunlock

thepoten

tialofnew

digital

anden

ergyinfrastru

cture.

Every

househ

old,busin

essandpublic

building

should

have

ultrafast

broadband

and

smart

energy

gridconnectio

ns.W

e

propose

that

the

EUcommits

to

universal

accessto

ultrafast

broadband

and

smart

grids;

implem

ents

an

integrated

,cro

ss‐border

investm

ent

strategy;and

combines

infrastru

cture

projects

with

support

for

innovative

services and open

access.

The

creation

and

main

tenance

ofworld

class

researchinfrastru

ctures

in

Europeinclu

dinginstallatio

ns

for

big

science

aswell

as

those

serving

the

need

sof

social

sciences

and

humanities.

©2009 Scie

nce Busin

ess P

ublish

ing Ltd

. Free use of th

is analysis is p

erm

itted, p

rovid

ed Scie

nce|B

usin

ess is cre

dite

d.

16

Research

and In

novatio

n: W

hat's n

ext in

Brusse




|Business

4 ‐ List o

f recommendatio

ns o

n open innovatio

nTopic

ERAB M

ilestones: 2030KBE

Business P

anelETP

Expert Group

Lund Declaration

Bruegel M

emos

Innovation Board

OPEN

INSTITU

TIONS:

New

networks,

knowledge

institutions,and

clustersare

neededto

enhanceopen

innovation

Apan‐European

‘Open

Innovation’charter

issigned

byall

major

stakeholders.Apan‐

Europeanlabel,'O

penKnow

ledgeInstitution,'

forhigher

educationand

researchacts

asa

goldstandard

forexcellence

ininnovation

inERA

.Theidealofthe

universityas

ivorytow

erhas

toppled,and

isbeing

replacedby

anim

ageof

theopen,

digitallynetw

orked,know

ledgeinstitution

working

incollaboration

with

industryand

society.We

will

developnew

universitystructures

toperm

itthe

multi‐disciplinarity

onwhich

thegreatest

newinsights

will

depend–to

breakaw

ayfrom

ourinw

ard‐lookingregional,

institutionalordisciplinarycultures

soas

tobe

ableto

addressthe

complexity

ofthe

Grand

Challenges.We

expectto

seesom

efurther

clusteringof

universitiesto

gainleadership

inone or m

ore fields.

New

placesfor

newtypes

ofcollaborations.

Innovationfeeds

oncollaboration,

thespark

andconfrontation

ofdifferent

ideas,perspectives

andexperiences.

Information

technologiesand

web

2.0tools

aretransform

inghow

peopleinteract.

Open

innovationis

basedon

thepow

erof

networks

andaccess

toknow

ledgeacross

Europeand

globally.We

proposeto

createand

network

innovationlabs;

investin

culturaland

creativeinstitutions,

organisationsand

networks;reinforce

therole

ofbrokers

andinterm

ediaries;develop

amajor

prizeforinnovative

localities;andstim

ulateuniversities

andpublic

researchcentres

tobe

more

openand

international.

Unleash

thepotential

ofthe

knowledge

triangleThe

ETPclusters

shouldtake

awider

roleand

extendtheir

scopeto

includeeducation

andthe

complete

innovationchain.

Theclusters

will

needto

beoverseen

andsupported

froma

higher‐levelcentral

officeto

allowfor

coordinationacross

differentDirectorate‐

Generals

andMem

berStates.

Bringingtogether

supply‐and

demand

‐sidemeasures

tosupport

bothbusiness

development

andpublic

policygoals.

Measures

areneeded

tomaxim

izethe

economic

andsocietal

impact

ofnew

knowledge

inareas

suchas

industrial,environm

entaland

socialpolicies,

agricultureand

regionaldevelopm

ent.Links

between

thesepolicy

areasand

researchpolicies

must

bestrongly

improved.Supply‐

orientedresearch

andinnovation

policiesshould

bemore

stronglysupported

bydem

and‐orientedpolicies,

suchas

leadmarket

initiatives,public

procurement,

problem‐and

issue‐drivenpolicies

and priority setting.

IP:

Get

acom

mmunity

patent,andbetter

markets

tofind

andtrade

knowledge

All

outputsof

public,non‐m

ilitaryfunded

researchwillbe

availablevia

''openaccess''to

allconcerned

andinterested.

Enshrinedin

community

lawwill

bea

common,

inexpensivesystem

forprotecting

intellectualproperty,on

theprinciple

ofopen

sharingof

pre‐competitive

knowledge

andstrong

protection for competitive innovations.

Facilitateopen

innovation.Move

quicklyto

thefullim

plementation

ofa

Community

patentsystem

andincrease efforts to reduce the barriers to

researchermobility

andreduce

transactioncosts

inknow

ledgeand

technology exchanges.Develop

anEU

wide

market

fortrading

andsharing

IntellectualProperty

Creationof

asingle

market

fortechnology

throughthe

adoptionof

the Community patent.

More

openness,access

toinform

ationand

aclearing‐house

forpublishing

theresults of jointly run program

mes.

MOBILITY

: Achieve

amajor

increasein

researcherand

studentmobility,

within

andwithout

theEU

,through

newlegal

schemes

andreorganisation

ofinstitutions

Mobility

ofresearchers

between

thepublic

andprivate

sectoris

high,and

industrialfunding

ofacademic

researchaccounts

for1/3of

theoverall

researchbudget.

Mobility

triples,with

upto

20%of

EUdoctoral

candidatesworking

outsidetheir

home

country–

athree‐fold

increasefrom

today.Our

universitiesmust

attractthe

brightestbrains

fromaround

theworld,

andour

markets

thebest‐of‐class

competitors;

aglobal

researchspace

requires‘brain

circulation.’

Open

upERA

.Make

Europemore

attractiveto

allresearchers

andinnovative

entrepreneursby

takingsteps

tointegrate

thosewho

arebased

outsideEurope.

Participatemore

extensivelyin

theglobal

circulationof

knowledge.

Improve

internationalcooperation,

particularlyforchallenges

ofaglobal

nature,building

thiscooperation

ona

clearerassessm

entof

Europeanstrengths and am

bitions.

Policiesaim

ingat

attractingand

keepingforeign

talent,in

particular by means of an

improved

‘EUBlue

Card’for

non‐EUlabour

(with

betterportability

anda

longerperiodofvalidity),

andpossibly

an‘EU

BlueDiplom

a’;Effective

andsim

plifiedmobility

forresearchers

andscientists

within

Europe,in

particularby

providinga

retirement

pensionschem

evalid

throughoutthe

EUto

talentedresearchers or professors. BE

OPEN

.Encouragethe

bestpeople,

wherever

inthe

world

theymay

be,towork

inEurope’s

clusters.Prom

oteopen

competition,

among

universities,com

paniesand

regions,for

funding.Prom

oteborder‐crossing

–am

ongpeople,ideas,scientific

disciplines,andindustries.

Enhancedmobility

ofresearch

andideas.Free

movem

entof

researchersand

ideas,with

thesecurity

ofboth

protected,isvitalto

theglobal

innovationsystem

.There

shouldbe

greaterinternational

reviewof

unnecessaryor

anomalous

barriersto

mobility,

thatwould

benefitall.

Breakthe

barrierbetw

eenbusiness

andtechnical

universities.Organise

researchersto

work

acrossscientific

disciplines.©2009 Scie

nce Busin

ess P

ublish

ing Ltd

. Free use of th

is analysis is p

erm

itted, p

rovid

ed Scie

nce|B

usin

ess is cre

dite

d.

17

Research

and In

novatio

n: W

hat's n

ext in

Brusse




Business

5 ‐ List o

f recommendatio

ns o

n go

vernan

ceTopic

ERAB M

ilestones: 2030KBE

Business P

anelETP

Expert Group

Lund Declaration

Bruegel M

emos

Innovation Board

EUCO

ORDIN

ATIO

N:

Agreater

rolefor

EUinstitutions

andprogram

mes,

andgreater

coherenceam

ongEU

policiesto

supportinnovation

TheEU

’sshare

ofERA

‐wide

public,non‐

military

researchfunding

doublesto

10%.A

significantincrease

inthe

coordinationof

scientificresearch

grantprogram

mes

acrossthe

ERA,to

atleast10%

offundingfrom

avery

lowbase

today.The

major

researchinstitutions

ofthe

well‐developed

regionsof

Europework

inpartnerships,

basedon

excellence,with

thoseof

thelesser‐developed

regions.

Strengthenand

expandthe

remitofthe

ERC;andthe

Know

ledgeand

InnovationCom

munities

ofthe

EIT;continue

theEuropeanization

ofresearch

infrastructuresincluding

theexploitation

ofnewlegal

framew

orks for their establishment; and launch a new

Joint

ResearchInitiative

scheme.

Encouragethe

designofsm

artspecializationpolicy

mixes

capableof

nurturingand

capturingthe

capabilitiesof

entrepreneurialentities

within

regions.Reduceinvestm

entrisk.

Lower

theuncertainty

surroundingexpected

ratesofreturn

onprivate

R&Dinvestm

entsby

improving

coordinationbetw

eenthe

policydom

ainsresponsible

fornurturing

research,stim

ulatinginnovation

andregulating

market

development.

Speedand

synchronization:Speed

andscale

areeverything

ininnovation.M

oreisneeded

tospeed

upthe

uptakeof

innovativesolutions

andtechnologies,

especiallyin

thepublic

sector.Funding

programmes

andinnovation

supportmust

besynchronised

with

development

ofstandards,

publicprocurem

entand

regulations.We

proposethat

theEU

setsclear

innovationtargets;

launchesam

bitiousEuropean

initiativeswith

synchronisedactions

aroundmajor

challenges;ensures

EUdirectives

andregulations

supportinnovation;

changespublic

procurement

tosupport

innovation;and

opensup

government

owned

datato

facilitatea

knowledge

infrastructure,where

Europeancitizens

canhelp

transform public services.

BRUSSELS

COORDIN

ATIO

N:

Createstronger

leadershippositions

inBrussels

forRDI,

basepolicy

onevidence

andforesight

planning,and

broadenpolicy

dialogueto

allstakeholders

TheEU

hasafully

functioning,independent

Chief Scientific Advisor, supporting its decision‐

making

with

thebest

availableevidence,

horizon‐scanningand

futurescenario

planning.Our

complex

societiesneed

scientificresearch

tosupport

long‐termevidence‐based

decision‐making

insociety.To

guaranteeaneed‐based

approachthe

varioususers

ofthese

horizonscans

shouldbe

involvedas

well.W

eneed

a“people

exchange”so

researchersand

policymakers

canspend

timein

eachother’s

worlds.

Inshort,

wealso

needmore

peoplewith

scientificbackgrounds

embedded

within

thepolitical

processat

allstages.

Involvethe

keystakeholders

foreach

particularchallenge. The stakeholders in societal challenges are

many.

TheETP

clusterswillhave

tobroaden

participationto

includenot

onlyresearchers,but

alsofunding

institutions,policy

makers

atboth

EUand

Mem

berState

levels,business

communities,and

organisationsrepresenting

theinterests

ofthecitizen.A

foresightexercise

might

beaway

toachieve

thisbroad

stakeholderbase.

Seedmoney

shouldbe

providedby

theEuropean

Commission

tofund

aseries

ofinitialinteractions

andpreparation

fordeeper

cooperation,including the m

obilisation of other funds.

Commissioner

forthe

Know

ledgeEconom

y. Creating

thisnew

postwillunderscore

thefact

thatmaking

Europea

knowledge

economy

remains

avital

priorityof

thenew

Commission.

Theknow

ledgecom

missioner

shouldhave

responsibilityfor

thethree

sidesof

theknow

ledgetriangle:

highereducation,

researchand

innovation.

BENCH

MARK

,MONITO

RAND

BETRA

NSPA

RENT.

Basefunding

andregulatory

policy,not

onthe

clashof

politicalinterests,

buton

empirical

analysisof

what’s

working

andon

opencom

petition.There

isa

small

butgrow

ingbody

ofeconom

icand

policyexpertise

inthe

fieldof

innovation–but

mostly

oflocal

ornational

origintoday.

How

universitiesare

bestgoverned;

howtechnology

transferoffices

bestorganized;

howintellectualproperty

bestprotected;

howlocal

innovationclusters

bestprom

oted–these

areall

vitalpolicy

questionsthat

needrigorous

economic

andpolicy

research,from

amulti‐cultural

andmulti‐disciplinary

view.There

shouldbe

agreater

internationaleffort

tofund,

publishand

discussindependent,

unbiasedacadem

icresearch

ininnovation policies and program

mes.

PROGRAMME

DESIG

N:

Greater

flexibilityin

regulationand

administration

ofprojects

andgrants,

tomake

theEU

programmes

more

attractiveto

industryand

academia,

SMEs

andmultinationals

Thegovernance

systemforEuropean

researchfunding

willbe

basedon

aset

ofarm

s‐lengthagencies, as part of an ‘ERA

of Agencies.’

Createastronger

coordinationbetw

eenallrelevant

policiesin

orderto

betteralign

innovativeactivities

with

theneeds

ofsociety.

Thisshould

involvestronger

coordinationbetw

eenR&

Dsupport

andLead

Market

instruments

(suchas

regulation,standards

andpublic

procurement)

andthe

useof

stagedapproaches

linkingsupport

fordeveloping

innovativesolutions

with

theirsubsequent

uptakein

publicprocurem

ent.Revise

thefinancial

regulationsin 2010 by m

aking specific provisions for research that take

intoaccount

thespecificities

andthe

risksassociated w

ith it.

Arisk‐tolerant

andtrust‐

basedapproach

inresearch

fundingentailing

actionsfor

necessarychanges

inthe

Communities’

FinancialRegulation

andRules

forparticipation

anddissem

ination.

Ascom

paredto

FP7,youshould

work

toim

provethe

attractivenessof

framew

orkprogram

mes

forboth

thebusiness

andacadem

icsectors,forinstance

byseeking

toadopt

keyparts

oftheERC

governancemodel

forthe

FPs:Im

provedtransparency,

andamove

away

fromthe

‘money‐back’

logicof

mem

berstates;

Abottom

‐upapproach,

with

ahigh‐quality

andindependent

selectionprocess;

Simpler

andlighter

administrative

procedures;A

smaller

setof

more

straightforward

fundingchannels,

with

more

flexibilityand

freedomand

strongermanagem

ent autonomy.

SCIENCE

+SO

CIETY:

Greater

educationand

communications

effortsare

neededabout

scienceand innovation

Amore

educatedcitizenry

istrained

inscience

andtechnology

issuestobe

ableto

participatein

policydebate.

Half

ofall

scientistsand

researchpolicy

maker,

acrossall

disciplinesand

atall

levelsof

thescience

system,are

wom

en.Half

ofthe

adultpopulation

hasachieved

tertiaryeducation–

doubletoday’s

rate.Auniversal

codeof

scientificethics

isadopted

bythe

whole

Europeanresearch

community,enunciating

socialresponsibilitiesas

well

asintellectual

freedoms.Com

munications

trainingmust

becomepart

ofstandard

researchtraining.

Acom

munications

planshould

beaprerequisite

forresearch

grantapplications;

it’sno

longerenough

for‘dissemination

ofresults’touse

theclassic channels (journals, w

ebsites) only.

Celebrateentrepreneurs.

Many

Europeansare,

opinionsurveys

andeconom

icindicators

suggest,risk

averse.And

it’sno

wonder:

InEurope

we

lackvisible

rolemodels that potential innovators can look up

to,and

seekadvice

from.Europe

must

putmore

effortintotrum

petingthe

successesof

itsinnovators.

Needed:

anupgrade

tothe

image

ofentrepreneurs

inEurope.

It’sa

dauntingtask,

forwhich

noone

initiativeis

enough.A

seriesof

communications

areneeded

–notso

much

asingle

telegram,as

acontinuous blog.

©2009 Scie

nce Busin

ess P

ublish

ing Ltd

. Free use of th

is analysis is p

erm

itted, p

rovid

ed Scie

nce|B

usin

ess is cre

dite

d.

18

Research

and In

novatio

n: W

hat's n

ext in

Brusse




|Business

6 ‐ List o

f recommendatio

ns o

n exce

llence

TopicER

AB M

ilestones: 2030KBE

Business

Panel

ETP

Expert Group

Lund Declaration

Brueghel M

emos

Innovation Board

COMPETITIO

N:

EUR&D

programmes

shouldbe

thegold

standardfor

excellence,based

onopen

competition

among the best.

TheEU

institutionscan

playaunique

rolein

strivingforexcellence.European‐

wide

competition

enhancesthe

qualityof

research–

andthe

biggerthe

contest,the

betterthe

winner.

TheEuropean

ResearchCouncilpoints

theway.

Thisis

theidealm

echanism:The

EUinstitutions

become

the‘gold

standard’towhich

allmay

aspire,butonly

thebest

succeed.We

hopethis

modelw

illextendto

thenew

lycreated

EuropeanInstitute

ofInnovation

andTechnology,

andsee

itcould

bereplicated

inother

EUresearch

programmes,

suchas

forlarge‐scale

research infrastructure.

Introducemerit‐based

competition

atEUlevel

insupportofindividualinstitutionsand

inways

thatenable

strongerdifferentiation

among

universitiesandRTO

’s.Greaterautonom

yand

accountabilityare

alsoneeded

tosupport

increaseddiversity.

Focussupport

tocollaborative

research.Use

selectioncriteria

thatem

phasiseresearch

excellence,the

potentialfor

radicalinnovation

andthe

capacityto

operateglobally.

Supportyoung

innovativecom

paniesbeyond

theirstart‐up

phase.Launch

EU‐w

ide‘excellence

throughcom

petition’schem

esencouraging

younginnovative

companies

toundertake

high‐riskprojects and pursue radical innovations.

Strengtheningfrontierresearch

initiatedby

theresearch

community

itself.It

isfundam

entallyim

portantto

createknow

ledgediversity,

endowing

theEuropean

Union

with

expertise,especially

when

confrontedwith

unforeseenGrand

Challengesand

“shocks”.Com

petitionam

ongresearchers

will

ensurethat

researchcarried

outin

Europeis

ofinternational

excellence.

Focuson

excellence.Money

isn’tenough,unless

it’sspent

wisely

–and

thatmeans

making

choices.Researchgrants

inmost

Europeancountries

arespread

wide

andthin.There

aremore

than2,000

industry“clusters”

inEurope,

fosteredby

hundredsof

conflictingand

competing

regional,nationaland

Europeanpolicies.This

egalitarianapproach,using

educationand

researchas

toolsfor

regionaldevelopm

ent,must

stop.Funding

agencieshave

torecognise

thatnotalluniversities

arecreated

equal,norcan

allregionscreate

world‐class

clustersofinnovation.Com

panieshavealready

recognisedthis

andfocus

theiracadem

iclinks

onexcellence.

Europeangovernm

entsmust

dothe

same,

orrisk

losingground

world‐

class centres of excellence in other economic regions.

UNIVER

SITIES:Excellence

atuniversities

isto

beencouraged.

Europeincreases

itsshare

oftop‐

rankeduniversities

upto

40%of

thetop

20&100

rankingsandincreasesits

most‐cited

researchworld

wide

bya

third.Fundingfor

public,non‐m

ilitaryresearch

isincreasinglyconcentrated

inresearch‐intensive institutions.

Excellenceand

well‐netw

orkedknow

ledgeinstitutions.

Modernisation

ofuniversities

andcooperation

between

universitiesand

researchinstitutions

isakey

elementfor

enhancingthe

competitivenessof

Europeanresearch.There

isaneed

todevelop

instrumentsto

stimulate

andsupport

initiativesfor

cross‐bordercooperationbetw

eenknow

ledge‐buildinginstitutions

increating

peakof

excellenceenvironm

entsincluding

forless

developedresearch

institutions.

Creationof

an‘excellence

initiative’for

highereducation

institutions,through

which

anew

Europeantest

would

becreated

toidentify

excellentstudents

andthe

best‘learning’ institutions.

CLUSTER

S:Encourage

thebest

clustersto

improve

competitiveness.

Atleast

50of

ourinnovation

clusters,out

ofabout

2,000clusters

largeand

smalltoday,are

world

leadersin

scaleand quality.

Weurge

theEU

todesignate

afew

–and

wemean

justafew

–existing

clustersto

benefitfromanew

legalstatusas

specialinnovationzones.It

would

givethem

extracash

fromthat

€308billion

structural‐fundingbudget

toinvest

inschools,

infrastructureand

culturalam

enitiesthat

attract the world’s top know

ledge workers (reversing the “brain drain”) an

tostim

ulateuniversity

research,teaching

andspin‐out

company

formation.They

would

getspecial,temporary

dispensationfrom

rulesthatham

perfree

movem

entof

peopleand

ideas,such

asim

migration

andlabourpolicies

thatmake

ithardforsm

allcompaniesto

hireor

fire.Theycould

tapseed

funding,supportedby

theEU

andmanaged

byinvestm

entprofessionals.They

couldearn

anew

,low‐tax

statusreserved

foryoung,innovative

companies,and

accesslow

‐cost,high‐qualityoffice

spaceand

supportservices.

How

would

theEU

pickthese

centresof

excellence?Through

transparent,international,data‐basedcom

petition,ratherthan

through closed‐door, regional politics. Create a council, dominated by non‐

EUexperts

ontechnology,

development

andeducation,

thatweighs

competing

applicationsfromthe

regionsbased

ontheirperform

ance–in

hardnum

bers,pereurospent,ofsignificantinventions,publications,spin‐

outs,licenses,stock‐marketflotations,post‐doctoralfellow

sandjobs,and

softanalysis

ofgovernance,infrastructure,quality

oflife,

andvisionary

planning. ©2009 Scie

nce Busin

ess P

ublish

ing Ltd

. Free use of th

is analysis is p

erm

itted, p

rovid

ed Scie

nce|B

usin

ess is cre

dite

d.

19



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