topic on solaris 10

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

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Huawei Confidential

Security Level: Internal Use Only23/4/8

Mo Qiuju /57859

Topic on Solaris 10

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

Preface

This course is developed on the basis of common requirement on knowledge about Solaris 10 operating system for technical service engineers. This course is used for engineers to improve the management and application capabilities of Solaris 10 operating system.


Study Guide

The main part of this course is

common operations of Solaris 10

operating system and the

difficulty lies in troubleshooting

on Solaris 10 operating system.


Objectives

After completing this course, you should be able to:

Know main delivered hardware of the workstation Know the evolvement of Solaris, Sybase and

T2000 and describe differences and features between solaris10 and solaris8

Understand common operations, common maintenance commands and application of basic tools of Solaris operating system

Troubleshoot common problems


Content

Introduction to server hardware Brief introduction to Solaris 10

operating system

Common operations of Solaris 10

operating system

Troubleshooting on Solaris 10


Content

Introduction to server

hardware Models of SUN

Standard computers of T2000/T2100

Introduction to hardware and software

of SUN workstation


The Type of SUN Equipment

Blade2500

Sun Fire V480/V490Sun Fire V880/V890

Sun Netra240( 配套 3310 或 3320 阵列 )


T2000 Blade 2500,SUN Fire V490S,SUN

Fire V890

T2100 SUN Fire V490 or SUN Fire V890

T2000/T2100 HA System (Sun

Cluster)

Netra240+3310 disk array

T2000/T2100 HA System

(VERITAS Hot Standby)

SUN Fire V890 or SUN Fire V490

T2000 HA System (VERITAS

Warm Standby)

SUN Fire V890 or SUN Fire V490

Configuration Requirement for T2000/T2100


Hardware and software of SUN Workstation

The basic configuration of

SUN workstation includes: Host

Color display

Keyboard and mouse

Optional configuration for

SUN workstation includes: CD-ROM

Tape drive

Floppy drive

Software of SUN

workstation

Solaris

CDE

Sybase

T2000/T2100

single system

software

T2000/T2100 HA

system software


Question

Q1: Describe models of SUN workstation.

Q2: Describe standard workstations equipped with

delivered T2000.

Q3: Describe basic software and hardware

configurations of SUN workstation.


Summary

In this chapter ,we have learned:

Models of SUN

Standard computers of T2000/T2100

Introduction to hardware and

software of SUN workstation


Content


operating system


operating system



Content

Brief introduction to Solaris 10

operating system System structure and basic concept of

Solaris

Versions of Solaris and matching relations

with T2000 and Sybase

Differences between Solaris10 and Solaris 8


Brief Introduction of Solaris

UNIXUNIX genres: SUN Solaris ,HP HP-UX, Digital unix, Linux

Main features:

multi-tasking, multi-users, pipe, powerful Shell, security

protection mechanism, good stability, graphic user interface,

powerful network support, good migrateability


System Architecture of UNIX

kernel

shell(B shell,

K shell, C shell)

Application

Program

Hardware

sh csh

cpp

vi

Outer Layer Program

kernel

Application Program


Main Features of UNIX File System

Tree level or structure

Service of network file system provided

Function of creating, copying and deleting file and file tree

Dynamic accretion of file

Security and sharing of file data

Peripheral (printer, disk etc.) and directory treated as file


Structure of Solaris File System

bin dev etc opt var cdrom

sh csh rc3.d sybase tmpT2000

client server

usr

/

export

home

t2000


-rwx r-x r-- 2 reed t2000 32 Oct 17 15:33 a.txt

111

101

100

7

5

4other

group

owner

- ordinary filer readablew writablex executable

owner group other

UNIX File Permission


Shell

The shell sits between you and the operating system, acting as a

command interpreter. It reads your terminal input and translates

the commands into actions taken by the system. The shell is

analogous to command.com in DOS.

There are several types of shell: B Shell, K Shell, C Shell.

Sh( B shell) uses the startup file .profile and the default prompt is

$; Csh uses the startup files .cshrc and .login, the default prompt

is %.

Normally the default shell is Bourne Shell. To change shell, just

input corresponding shell command. For example, input “ksh” to

change to Korn shell in B shell.


Environment Variables Environment variables are used to provide information to the programs

you use. The following information are example: display mode, default

editor, terminal type, resource configuration of serial ports and

network cards, login user name, hostname, group name, path, prompt.

2 types: global environment and local shell variables. Global

environment variables are available in every Shell, but local shell

variables are available only in one Shell.

Common environment variables of NMS:

PATH:Paths to be searched for commands

SYBASE:Sybase installation path,normally, SYBASE=/opt/sybase

T2000DBServer:Sybase Server Name

IMAP: T2000 server path, normally, IMAP ＝ /T2000/server

Query the value of environment variables:

input echo $ environment variable name

Eg. echo $ IMAP


Version of Solaris

Solaris 2.6

Stable, 32bit, widely used before.

Solaris 2.7

Failed version, not used.

Solaris 2.8

Currently main version, 64bit, stable, widely used in

T2000/T2100.

Solaris 2.9

Not used.

Solaris 2.10

The latest version, which T2000/T2100 will switch to, is the main version now.


Matching Relations between Solaris and T2000

The database since Solaris10 starts to be switched to Sybase12.5.

The T2000V2R2 and V2R3 start to support Solaris10 and Sybase12.5

as well as Solari8 and Sybase12.0.

The T2100V2R1 starts to match Solaris10 and Sybase12.5 and no

longer supports Solaris8 abd Sybase11.9.2.

When the NMS is upgraded, pay attention to the matching relations

with the operating system and database.


Features of Solaris10 Clear system operation process: Dynamic Tracing

Wide hardware platforms: New UltraSPARC IV,

Persistent availability: Predictive Self Healing

Incomparable security: Process Rights Management,Crypto

Infrastructure

Optimized utilization: N1 Grid Containers


Differences between Solaris10 and Solaris8

solaris10 solaris8

CDE V1.6 CDE V1.4

SMC Admintool

container None

Built-in SSH2 None

Dynamic Tracing None

Support x86 None

File position changes./etc/ftpd/ftpusersFile ip display mode changes./opt/sybase/interfaces ip denoted in decimal format

/etc/ftpusers/opt/sybase/interfaces ipDenoted in hexadecimal format


Question

Q1: Describe the levels of structure of the UNIX file system.

Q2: Which versions of the T2000 and T2100 start to support Solaris 10 respectively? What Sybase versions match Solaris 10?

Q3: Where are Solaris 10 and Solaris 8 saved?


Summary

In this chapter, we have learned:

System structure and basic concept of Solaris

Versions of Solaris and matching relations with

T2000 and Sybase

Differences between Solaris10 and Solaris 8


Content


operating system


operating system



Content


operating system Normal operation for Engineering

Normal operation for Maintenance

Use of tools


Normal operation for Engineering

Include:

Start the SUN workstation

Install the Solaris 10

Install T2000/T2100 software in Solaris

Start a terminal window

Enable/disable ftp or telnet, the use of ftp or telnet

Control Keys

File dump and restore

File compress and uncompress

Start or shutdown the T2000(T2100) in Solaris

Power-off and Restart the sun workstation


Hardware of SUN Workstation

The basic configuration of

SUN workstation includes: Host

Color display

Keyboard and mouse

Optional configuration for

SUN workstation includes: CD-ROM

Tape drive

Floppy drive

SUN workstation

type:

Ultra60

Blade2000

Blade2500

Sun Fire V480

Sun Fire V490

Sun Fire V880

Sun Fire V890

Sun Netra240


Software of SUN Workstation

The software of SUN workstation in default

configuration includes: Solaris operating system: the fundamental software of operating

system of SUN workstation

CDE (Common Desktop Environment): providing graphic user

interface

Additional software needed when SUN workstation is

used in the NM includes: Sybase database system: providing database service

NM program

High-Availability software (optional)


Turning On the Host of SUN Workstation

Two ways to turn on the host of Sun

workstation:

Turn on the power switch of the host

Press the Power button on the top-right corner of the

keyboard


Installing the Operating System Solaris 10 Installation Preparations

Before you install the T2000 system, make sure that the preparations for

the software, hardware and environment are done.

The T2000's software and hardware running environment is strictly

selected and tested.

Hardware Installation Refer to the OptiX iManager T2000/T2100 Installation Guide

Installing the Operating System Solaris 10 Press STOP+A. The ok prompt is displayed.

Insert the CD/DVD for Solaris 10 Software 1 (01/06 SPARC Platform

Edition).

Notes: Divide disk According to the divided requirement of disk in Installation

Guide

More detail installation step refer to the T2000/T2100 Installation Guide


Install the T2000/T2100 On Unix

a) Confirm the Solaris 10 has been installed

b) Configure the operation system

c) Check the installation software of T2000/T2100 has been prepared.

d) Install the T2000

e) Install T2000 License

f) Create the shortcut icon for T2000 start

g) Enabling the Northbound Interface (Optional)

h) Creating a Disk Mirror (Optional)

i) Verifying the Installation

More detail installation step refer to the T2000/T2100

Installation Guide


Terminal Window for Command Line

Two ways to open the terminal window:

Click the terminal window icon on the bottom of the screen (the

name is “this host”)

Right-click at the blank place of screen, a menu will pop out.

Choose “Hosts” -> “Terminal Console” in the menu

Two ways to close the terminal window:

Type command ”exit” behind the prompt in terminal window

Double click the top-left corner of terminal window


Startup and Stop telnet/ftp Server in Solaris10

Disable/Enable telnet server in Solaris10:

(Only the root user has the right to do it)

# svcadm disable network/telnet

# svcadm enable network/telnet

Disable/Enable ftp server in Solaris10:

( Only the root user has the right to do it )

# svcadm disable network/ftp

# svcadm enable network/ftp


Enable ftp and telnet function

steps

a) enable the ftp and telnet function only by root user

# svcadm enable telnet

# svcadm enable ftpb) enable telnet connection and enable ftp connection of a special user

#root

enable telnet connection -- Change the /etc/default/login file and add #

before CONSOLE=/dev/console to:

# CONSOLE=/dev/console

enable ftp connection of a special user– Change the /etc/ftpd/ftpusers file

and add # before the user name. To enable ftp connection of the root

user, add # before root: #root


Disable ftp and telnet

Procedure

(a) Disable telnet and ftp connection of a special user. Disable telnet connection—Change the /etc/default/login file and

remove # before #CONSOLE=/dev/console to:

CONSOLE=/dev/console

Disable ftp connection of a special user– Change the

/etc/ftpd/ftpusers file and remove # before the user name. To

disable ftp connection of the root user, remove # before root.(b) Disable ftp and telnet functions.

Only the root user is authorized to perform this operation.

# svcadm disable telnet

# svcadm disable ftp


Use ftp to Transfer FilesApplication scenario: File transfer is needed between two workstations or

between a workstation and a PC. In this event, the ftp function is

needed. Before using ftp, make sure that the ftp function of two

computers that transfer files to each other is enabled.

Example: Transfer a file from a PC to a workstation

a. “ Start” “Run” cmd (necessary for a PC and unnecessary for a

workstation)

b. ftp ip address

c. Type in the user name and password.

d. ftp> ascll (transfer mode: text file in ascll mode; other files in bin mode)

e. ftp>cd /aaa (directory of files in the workstation)

f. ftp>lcd d:\

g. ftp>put bbb (bbb refers to the file name. To obtain a file from the

workstation, replace put with get.)

h. ftp>bye (ftp ends.)


Use of Telnet

Application scenario: When the workstation server is placed remotely or the server cannot be randomly used, you need to log in to the server remotely on the client (PC or workstation) to perform some operations. After remote login by using the Telnet function, using the workstation server is the same as using the local workstation.

Procedure for Telnet

a. “ Start” “Run” cmd (necessary for a PC and unnecessary for a workstation)

b. telnet server IP address

c. Type in the user name and password.


Control Keys

Control+C

Used to break program running abnormally

Control+D

Used to break system communication

Control+S

Used to inform terminal of stoping accepting input

Control+Q

Used to inform terminal of resuming accepting input

Stop + A

Used to go to OK state


File dump and restore Application scenario

The tar command combines files into one device or filename for

archiving purposes. The tar command does not compress the files; it

merely makes a large quantity of files more manageable.

Syntax tar [options] [directory file] Common Options c create an archive (begin writing at the start of the file) t table of contents list x extract from an archive v verbose f archive file name b archive block size

Example tar cvf aaa.tar aaa (In current directory, dump all the files and sub-

directories in aaa directory to aaa.tar in the current directory)

tar xvf aaa.tar (restore aaa.tar into the current directory)


File compress and uncompress Application scenario : compress and uncompress of files compress and uncompress command

When a file has been compressed using the compress command, a suffix of .Z is appended to the file name.

Syntax compress [options] [file] uncompress [options] [file.Z]

Example: compress aaa uncompress aaa.Z Gzip and gunzip command

Gunzip restores the files originally compressed by gzip. When a file has been compressed using the gzip command, a suffix of .gz is appended to the file name.

Syntax : gzip filename gunzip filename or gzip -d filename

Example: gzip aaa gunzip aaa.gz


File compress and uncompress Application scenario : compress and uncompress of files

Pack and unpack command When a file has been compressed using the pack command, a suffix

of .z is appended to the file name.

Syntax: pack name unpack name

Example: pack aaa unpack aaa.z

zip and unzip command unzip restores the files originally compressed by zip. When a file has

been compressed using the gzip command, a suffix of .zip is appended to the file name.

Syntax : zip FileName.zip DirName unzip FileName.zip

Example: zip aaa.zip aaa unzip aaa.zip


Start or shutdown the T2000(T2100) in Solaris

Steps

a) Switch to t2000(t2100) user :su – t2000(t2100)

b) Execute “cd /T2000(T2100)/server/bin”

c) Execute “ ./t2000server”(./startserver.sh) to start T2000(T2100);

Execute “ ./showt2000server”(./show_server) to check the running

status of T2000 server(T2100 server). If returned value includes

the process and PID for each related process of T2000(T2100) ,

that is to say , the T2000 server(T2100 server) is running.

Execute ” ./shutdownserver”(./stopserver.sh) to shutdown

T2000(T2100)


Power-off and Restart the sun workstation

Steps for power-off are as follows:

1) Use “su” to enter the root authority of superuser

2)Excute “sync” several times to write the data from memory to disk

3) Run “shutdown -y -g0 -i0” to return to “ok” prompt, then switch off the host, or type command “power-off”, or press Ctrl+Alt+ Power keys to switch off the system power.

4)Run “shutdown -y -g0 -i5” to power-off directly.

Methods to restart are as follows:

Run command “reboot” under superuser root

Run “init 0” to enter prompt “ok”, then type “boot”

Run “shutdown -y -g0 –i6”



Include:

switch user

File maintenance

Display the content of file

System resource navigation and control

Modify the hostname

Configure and query the IP address

Configure the default network route


switch user Two methods

Method1:su xxx

Method2:su – xxx

Method1 is used to switch user in the current environment

variables;

Method 2 is used to switch user completely .(recommend to use)

Example:

su – root

User name:root

Password:rootkit


Directory Navigation and Control

Command/Syntax What it will do

cd [directory] change directory

ls [options] [directory or file] list directory contents or file permissions

mkdir [options] directory make a directory

pwd print working (current) directory

rmdir [options] directory remove a directory

The UNIX file system is set up like a tree branching out from the root. The root directory of the system is symbolized by the forward slash (/). System and user directories are organized under the root. The following table summarizes some directory navigation commands.


Directory Navigation and Control Print working (current) directory -- pwd

Example: % pwd

Return value : /T2000/server Change directory -- cd

Syntax: cd [directory]

Example:

%cd changes to user's home directory

%cd / changes directory to the system's root

%cd .. goes up one directory level make a directory ---mkdir

Syntax: mkdir directory

Example: % mkdir /T2000/client/data

remove a directory -- rmdir

Syntax: rmdir directory

Example: % rmdir /T2000/client/data


Directory Navigation and Control --lsLs ---list directory contents

Syntax: ls [options] [parameter]

-a lists all files, including those beginning with a dot (.),such as .login

-l long listing lists the mode, link information, owner, size, last

modification (time). If the file is a symbolic link, an arrow (-->)

precedes the pathname of the linked-to file.

Example: ls –l

Return value: drwxr-xr-x 2 t2000 ems 512 May 3 13:58 T2000/

Explanation :For the directory T2000, it allows the user (owner) t2000

to read, write and execute; other users except t2000 in the UNIX

group assigened to the file to read and execute; users on the

system only to read.


Usage Structure for Command Line Usage structure for command line is:

Command ＿ [Option] ＿ [Parameter]

Several options can be used together for most

commands:

Command ＿ -[Option 1][Option 2][Option 3][ ...]

For example: ls ＿– alF

Options also can be listed separately:

Command ＿ -[Option 1] ＿ -[Option 2] ＿ -[Option 3] ＿ -

[ ...]

For example: ls ＿ -a ＿ -l ＿– F

Command line is sensitive to lowercase or capital.


Common Operations

cd Change directory

ls List the directory contents, for example:

ls -al

mkdir Create directory

cp/rcpCopy files

pwd Present the current working directory

rmdir Delete directory

rm Delete file, for example: rm –r

/tmp/t2000

mv Move file or change file name

man Obtain help information on command

su Switch user


File Maintenance Commands touch Used to create a file, for example: touch a.txt

find Recursively search the indicated directory tree to find

files

matching a type or pattern you specify

grep Search specified string in the whole text file

chmod Change access authority over file

chown Change the ownership of a file

chgrp Change the group of the file

cat Display the contents of a file with the concatenate

command

more/less/pg Page through a text file

head/tail Display the head/tail N lines of a file

echo Repeat the characters you give to the standard

output, for

example: echo $SYBASE


System Resource Commands df Summarize disk block and file usage, for example:

df -k

du Report disk space in use, for example: du –k

/usr/t2000

who Provide a listing of users accessing the system

which Display the path of the shell files

date Configure or display the time and date

env Display or configure the current environment variables

tar Combines files into one file for archiving purposes

compress/uncompress Compress/uncompress a file

passwd Used to change your password


Checking System Information

prtdiag Display the hardware information

uname Display the computer’s information

hostname Configure or display the hostname

hostid Display the hostid

id Display the ID and name of the user and group

pkginfo Check the installed software package

pkginfo –l xxx Check the detailed information of the software

package

showrev Check the Solaris version, for example: showrev -

p


Checking System Information

prtdiag Display the hardware information

uname Display the computer’s information

hostname Configure or display the hostname

hostid Display the hostid

du Report disk space in use, for example: du –

k /usr/t2000

id Display the ID and name of the user and group

pkginfo Check the installed software package

pkginfo –l xxx Check the detailed information of the software

package

showrev Check the Solaris version, for example: showrev -p


System Resource Navigation and Control

Query the hardware informationSyntax: prtdiag

Example: %prtdiag

Return value: the clock frequency, the amount of memory , CPU information, I/O information

Query the basic information of systemSyntax: uname –a,hostname,hostidExample: %uname –a

%hostname %hostid

Return value: the current user name, hostname, hostID,etc. Query the information of system patchExecute showrev –p | grep patch number to query the pacth whether it has

been installed.Example: #showrev -p | grep 117350Return value:Patch: 117350-02 Obsoletes: 116897-01 Requires: 108528-29, 117000-0 Incompatibles:Packages: SUNWcarx, SUNWcar, SUNWcsr, SUNWpmu, SUNWpmux, SUNWhea


Controlling Processes Generally speaking, a process is a running task. The

UNIX system realizes time-sharing multi-tasks by

controlling, provisioning and storage management of

the processes.

Every process on a UNIX system has a integer as

process ID, or PID which is exclusive.

Common commands

ps show status of active processes, for example: ps –ef

kill terminate a process, for example: kill -9 213


Modifying Hostname Modify /etc/nodename file, input the new hostname. If

the new hostname is Primary, input Primary in

nodename file.

Open /etc/hostname.interface file, change the old

hostname to the new one.

Notes: interface is the name of network card + a

integer, for example: eri + 0 = eri0.

There is at least one hostname.interface0 file in /etc.

Modify /etc/inet/hosts and /etc/hosts files, change the old

hostname to the new one.

Modify /etc/inet/ipnodes files,change the old hostname

to the new one.


IP Address Configuration Temporary configuration of IP address ( invalidated after

restart ): #ifconfig name of network card device plumb

#ifconfig name of network card device IP netmask up Example: #ifconfig bge0 10.77.30.105 255.0.0.0 up

Permanent configuration of IP address ( validated after restart ): Modify /etc/inet/ipnodes file

Modify /etc/hosts file, the content is IP 【 tab 】 character string

Modify /etc/netmasks file, writting the corresponding netmask of IP

Query the IP address and MAC address

＃ ifconfig － a

return value:lo0: flags=2001000849<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv4,VIRTUAL>

mtu 8232 index 1 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask ff000000hme0: flags=1000843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv4> mtu

1500 index 2 inet 10.72.86.11 netmask ff000000 broadcast 10.255.255.255 ether

0:3:ba:18:40:62


Configuration of Default Network Route Application scenario: default route is configured in routine maintenance where

one workstation is used to log in to other remote workstation in different LANs.

Procedure

a. ＃ route add default 129.9.1.254 1

The parameter route indicates the route management command; add indicates

adding route option; default indicates the default route; 129.9.1.254 indicates

the IP address of the internal port of the local network; 1 refers to the hop

number. b. Run the netstat –nr command to query the added default route in the system route

table. In this event, NEs at other network segments can be pinged through.

c. To facilitate the system to automatically add the default route when the system is

restarted every time, create the defautrouter file in the /etc directory and write in

the IP address of the relevant route port (take 129.9.1.254 as an example) ＃ vi /etc/defaultrouter

129.9.1.254


Use of tools

Include:

Vi

Use of Snapshot Tool

Data Collection Tool

Smc


Tools --Vi Application scenario: vi command is a powerful tool for editing text

file in UNIX, it can create and modify the text file.vi has two basic modes for manipulating text, command mode and text entry mode. When you start vi, you will be in command mode until you enter one of the text entry commands, such as i, a, s, or o, which are explained in Entering Text with vi.

To create a file named myfile and open it for editing, use this command: vi filename

control command ESC Key: switch between Command mode and text input modeb: cursor go to the beginning of last word

X: delete a word dd: delete an rowi: Insert the text at the location before the cursor(insert)

j:Move the cursor to up

k:Move the cursor to down

l:Move the cursor to right

o: insert the text in the next line where the cursor is(open)

:wq ！ :Save and exit :w! :Only save, no exit

:q! :Force exit without save

:e ! : reedit the file again without change


Tools --Use of Snapshot Tool

Application scenario: when window snap or screen

snap on a workstation is needed

Procedure

1. Right-click the desktop and choose Application > Snapshot to

enable the snapshot program.

2. Choose Hide the window during snapshot. Click the window to

snap or choose the screen. Snapshot is complete after waiting

for eight seconds.

3. On the graphic viewer, choose File > Save as jpeg. Note: When

typing in the file name, do type in the suffix name like

XXXX.jpg(jpeg).


Tools--Data Collection Tool

Application scenario: HA system

In the /opt/haT2000-veritas-scripts/Monitor directory of the

Veritas HA system, the Veritas_Explorer.pl data collection

script exists. Run the script to check the status of the HA

system and collect data.

It takes about 10 minutes to complete data collection and

the size of the files is about 8M.

As some data collected is large, the data should be divided

and then transmitted. The WinRAR function is available.


Tool-smc

Application scenario: graphic interfaces of common operations on the

workstation

admintool in Solaris8 is changed to smc in Solaris10. Compared with admintool,

smc features better expansion performance. smc does not provide specific

functions, but provides interfaces that access these functions.

a. Assign authority and role for users.

b. Create and carry out the user policy.

c. View the system log and find out abnormal or doubtful log records.

d. Create a mail list.

e. Configure and format the new system disk, including disk partition and

preparation for RAID configuration disk copy.

Enable the smc tool

#smc


Question

Q1: How to open the T2000 or T2100 in the workstation?

Q2: How to enable the ftp and telnet functions?

Q3: How to use the VI editor?


Summary


Normal operation for Engineering


Use of tools


Content


operating system


operating system



Content


CDE Cannot Be Logged in Normally

The CD Fails to Pop up

The User Password Is Forgotten

The SH Script Cannot Be Run.

The workstation does not respond to the

keyboard and mouse


CDE Cannot Be Logged in Normally.

Problem description:

When a user logs in to CDE, the password is correct, but the system

is down after the desktop is displayed.

Problem cause:

The configuration file of Desktop of the user may be damaged.

Solution:

Two methods are available:

Method 1: Use a terminal to log in. Run “ rm -rf .dt” and then re-log

in to CDE.

Method 2: Create a user and copy some configuration files such

as .cshrc, .login, and .dtprofile in the user directory to the new user

directory. Then customize the environment and create action icon for

the new desktop.


The CD Fails to Pop up.

Problem description

After installing Solaris 10 operating system, the engineer press

the popup key under the driver, but the CD fails to pop up.

Solution

Type in the command: eject –f.

Type in ./etc/init.d/volmgt stop to take out the CD.

Run the following command to restore the system:

./etc/init.d/volmgt start


The User Password Is Forgotten.If a common user forgets the password, use the root user to

change the password. (a) Log in to the system as the root user. (b) Run the passwd command to change the user password.

#passwd user

If the root user password is forgotten, do as follows:(a) Enter OK and enter the following commands:

#fsck -y /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0 (depending on the equipment of the root partition)

#mount -F ufs /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0 /mnt #TERM=ansi; export TERM (if using vi is normal, do not use the

statement.) #vi /mnt/etc/shadow

(b) Delete the character between the first and second colons after root. This can delete the password of the root user.

#umount /mnt #reboot

(c) Use the passwd command to change the password.


The SH Script Cannot Be Run.Problem description

The .sh script fails to be run on the workstation. The system returns a prompt that the script fails to be run.

Problem cause

The user has no enough authority and is not switched to other relevant user.

The file has no executable authority.

In these two cases, use ls –l XXX.sh (script name) to view the file attribute.

Solution

In case 1, switch the user or change the script host. If the executable authority is insufficient, add the executable authority.

If the script is changed on the PC, check whether the transport mode is correct (ASCII). In addition, use the sh –x xxx.sh debugging mode to check the execution course of the script and analyze the problem.


The workstation does not respond to the keyboard and mouse, so it is nonoperable.Problem description: The workstation does not respond to the keyboard and

mouse, so it is nonoperable.

Problem cause: The process runs abnormally.

Solution: Find out the abnormal process and kill it or restart the workstation. Specifically, do as follows:

(a) Connect another computer (laptop computer, PC or workstation) to this workstation with a network cable. Enter the following command on this computer:

Telnet the IP address of the workstation. Follow the prompt to type in the rms user name and relevant password and then

log in to the workstation. (b) Find out the abnormal process and kill it. Enter the following command to find out the possible abnormal process and

record the process number: %ps -ef Enter the following command to kill the abnormal process: %kill -9 process number If the abnormal process is unclear, kill the dtsession process. Then the

workstation interface restarts and enters in the login status.


The workstation does not respond to the keyboard and mouse, so it is nonoperable.(c) If the workstation is restored after the preceding operations are carried out,

restart NMS in the workstation. If the system remains abnormal, use the following command to restart the

workstation: #/usr/sbin/shutdown -y -g0 -i6

Then the system is restarted. If no computer connects to the workstation onsite or the computer fails to telnet

the workstation due to some reasons, do as follows:

(1) Type in “ STOP”+“A”.

(2) When the system displays the “ ok” prompt, type in “ sync” to restart the

system.

Warning: The preceding operation is bad to the file system, so it is used only when there is

no other method. Use fsck to check the file system after the system is restarted.


Question

Q1: How to do when the workstation CD fails to pop up?

Q2: How to do when the sh script fails to be run?

Q3: How to do when the user password is forgotten?


Summary


CDE Cannot Be Logged in Normally

The CD Fails to Pop up

The User Password Is Forgotten

The SH Script Cannot Be Run.

The workstation does not respond to the

keyboard and mouse


Summary

In this course, we have learned:

Introduction to server hardware Brief introduction to Solaris 10 oper

ating system Common operations of Solaris 10 o

perating system Troubleshooting on Solaris 10

Thank You

www.huawei.com

topic on solaris 10

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