TOPIC: Energy

AIM: Describe the five forms of energy.

Do Now: Ditto – Mixtures #’s 1 – 5Take out your periodic table activity

HW: Periodic Table Activity due tomorrowCL Phases and Phase changes due Monday

1. Group (Family) 8, Period 5= Ru

2. Group (Family) 14, Period 4

= Ge

3. Group (Family) 18, Period 6

= Rn

4. Group (Family) 2, Period 4

= Ca

MechanicalEnergy

•Energy in moves an object

Examples:

•Energy used to put a book on a shelf

•Energy used to turn a car key

Chemical

Energy

•Energy stored in the chemical composition of matter

Bond

H H

O

•Bonds broken chemical energy released

Examples:

•Released when wood or gasoline burns

•Stored in food

•Batteries, unlit match

Thermal Energy

•Energy in moving particles of matter

•Heat Energy

•Atoms move faster more thermal energy produced

Examples:

•Can cause phase changes

SOLID GAS

•Can result from friction

Almost everything changes to heat energy.

Electromagnetic

Energy

•Transmitted through space in the form of electromagnetic waves

Ex: visible light, X-rays, microwaves

Electrical

Energy

• Produced when we cause electrons to move from one place to another

Examples:

•Electricity moving through a wire

•Lightening bolts

•Electrical coils on a stove

Nuclear

Energy

•Energy stored in nucleus of an atom

•When nuclei fuse together or break apart

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=91XW8AkjG2Y

Advantages of nuclear energy

•Power plants could still produce electricity after coal and oil become scarce

•Power plants need less fuel than ones which burn fossil fuels.

(One ton of uranium produces more energy than is produced by several million tons of coal or several million barrels of oil)

•Do not produce air pollutants & CO2

•Nuclear explosions produce radiation.–harms body cells illness or death

–Reactor disaster = meltdown. •Fission reaction goes out of control nuclear explosion

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TLBRT_OY2No

Disadvantages of nuclear energy

Chernobyl, Ukraine, 1986 = reactor core overheated during safety test. Materials in the core caught fire and caused a chemical explosion that blew a hole into the reactor. Radiation was carried by the wind. Twenty-eight people died of radiation sickness.

Fukushima nuclear accident resulted in a meltdown of 3 of the plant's 6 nuclear reactors. The failure occurred when the plant was hit by the tsunami triggered by the Tōhoku earthquake.

Although no short term radiation exposure fatalities were reported, some 300,000 people evacuated the area, 15,884 (as of 10 February 2014) people died due to the earthquake and tsunami, and as of August 2013 approximately 1,600 deaths were related to the evacuation conditions, such as living in temporary housing and hospital closures.

The World Health Organization indicated that evacuees were exposed to so little radiation that radiation-induced health impacts are likely to be below detectable levels,[17] and that any additional cancer risk from radiation was small—extremely small, for the most part—and chiefly limited to those living closest to the nuclear power plant.

•Water used to cool power plants–excess heat may kill organisms in streams & rivers it’s released into

•Wastes release radiation– Cannot be thrown away like garbage– Stored in special cooling pools at the

nuclear reactors

Mechanical

Mechanical

FlashlightFlashlight = converts chemical energy (stored in the battery) to electrical energy to light the bulb. The bulb converts the electrical energy to electromagnetic energy. ToasterToaster = converts electrical energy into thermal energy.

Human bodyHuman body = converts chemical energy stored in food into mechanical energy for a beating heart and moving muscles.

Car engineCar engine = converts the chemical energy stored in the gasoline into mechanical and thermal energy.

RadioRadio = converts electrical energy into sound energy.

Let’s summarize…

1. Identify the 5 forms of energy.

2. Identify another name for heat energy.

3. Describe what occurs to particles as temperature increases.

4. Where is chemical energy found? How is it released?

5. How is electromagnetic energy transmitted? Give one example.

6. Where is nuclear energy stored?

7. How is electrical energy produced?

Energy appears in many forms. Which form of energy is lightening?

1.Magnetic

2.Mechanical

3.sound

4.Electrical

A family is moving from Pennsylvania to Connecticut. As the moving van burns gasoline, it converts

1.chemical energy into mechanical energy

2.kinetic energy into potential energy

3.thermal energy into electrical energy

4.mechanical energy into kinetic energy

When an electric current flows through a metal filament of a light bulb, the electrical energy is converted into

1.heat energy, only

2.heat and light energy

3.light and motion energy

4.light energy only

Which energy source was developed through the invention of the atomic bomb?

1.Nuclear

2.Geothermal

3.Solar

4.Hydropower

An unlit match contains

1.Thermal energy

2.Electrical energy

3.Chemical energy

4.Nuclear energy

Which device produces mechanical energy?

1.A battery

2.A light bulb

3.An electric motor

4.A solar cooker

A song is playing on the radio. Which best describes the change in the flow of energy?

1.Electrical energy light energy

2.Electrical energy sound energy

3.Sound energy light energy

4.Sound energy electrical energy

A bicycle rider ate breakfast before the ride. Which energy transformation occurred during the bike ride?

1.Mechanical to chemical energy

2.Chemical to mechanical energy

3.Mechanical to nuclear energy

4.Nuclear to mechanical energy

Windmills are used to convert wind energy to a more useful form. In most cases, there are steps in this process. The energy is in a different form in each step. Which of the following flowcharts shows the most likely order of the energy changes?

1.Wind energy mechanical energy solar energy

2.Wind energy thermal energy mechanical energy

3.Wind energy solar energy electrical energy

4.Wind energy mechanical energy electrical energy