tools for management of dredged sediments in...

NORDROCS 2012. Oslo, September 18 - 21

Francesca Giaime 1

TOOLS FOR MANAGEMENT OF

DREDGED SEDIMENTS IN ITALY

Francesca Giaime

S. Dastoli, S. Geraldini, P. Renzi, A. Tornato

ISPRA. Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research


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Summary

1. ISPRA’s role

2. Background

3. Tools for management

4. Case studies


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ISPRA’s role

The Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, ISPRA, acts

under the vigilance and policy guidance of the Italian Ministry for the

Environment and the Protection of Land and Sea.

The Institute provides technical and scientific support for the

environmental decision of the Ministry of the Environment to

safeguard the environmental and sustainable development paths

agreed within the EU

ISPRA support the Administration to make decision by means of its

experience and knowledge gained on the whole issue of the sediment

management carrying out experimental researches

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- Large coastal development: Italian coastline is about

7.500 km long

-n. 27 Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and n. 2

archeological submerged parks, for a total extension of

222.000 ha

- International Mediterranean Sea Cetacean Sanctuary

(96.000 km2 of marine area)

- Specific activities (aquaculture plants, fisheries,

recreational uses, etc.)

Background: Italian context


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LARGE HARBOUR SMALL HARBOUR

• maintenance dredging, capital dredging, remediation

• infrastructural needs

• huge quantity of sediment to be dredged

• highly contaminated sediment to be managed

major ports (commercial and industrial)

• frequent need for maintenance dredging

• few volumes of sediment to be dredged

• low contaminated sediment to be managed

marinas

They have the possibility to combine the

infrastructural projects of PDPs (piers, docks,

etc.) with the necessity of managing large

volumes of dredged sediments (containment

areas, treatment plants)

They cannot usually afford the costs of building

containment areas and/or setting up plants for

sediment treatment

Background: different needs and conditions

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Tools for dredged sediment management:

legislative scenario

Law 24th March 2012, n. 27 “Dredging rules in the harbour areas inside National

Relevance Contaminated Site”.

It defines the criteria for dredging sediment characterization (according to a chemical, physical,

microbiological and ecotoxicological approach) and successive management options: beach

nourishment, CDFs or harbour structures filling, sea and landfill disposal.

In the case of uncontaminated sediments, they can be used for engineering construction,

capping interventions, beach nourishment and sea disposal.

It’s also permitted the use of treated sediments for beneficial use.

Technical manual for the handling of marine sediments in Italian

harbours (2007):

Technical criteria are provided for the sediment dredging activity, from

the characterization to the dredged sediment management.

It also provided sediment quality classification to select the proper

management option.

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Tools for management: characterization and evaluation of

dredging sediments

SEDIMENT QUALITY

Suitable to be in contact

with aquatic environments

CHEMICAL

ANALYSES + ECOTOXICOLOGICAL ANALYSES

(bioassays, bioaccumulation tests, biomarkers)

Sediments with

potential risk

Physical, chemical and microbiological characterization of the total sediment volume to be dredged (surface and depth)

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SEDIMENT QUALITY

Treatment

SEDIMENT QUALITY SEDIMENT QUALITY

Beach nourishment

Environmental and

morphological

restoration

Open water sea disposal

Confined Disposal Facilities (CDFs)

Harbour structures (piers, docks)

Beneficial reuses ?

Dredged sediments must be:

not contaminated

without ecotoxicological effects

with physical, chemical, microbiological and

mineralogic characteristics similar to the sediments of

the potential disposal site

The destination site must be characterized

Dredged sediments can be

disposed within watertight

CDFs:

contaminated but not

hazardous

Filled CDFs can be used as

piers and docks.

Specific treatment can be

executed.

Tools for management: available options

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Waste disposal site

(landfill)


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Beach nourishment

and coastal morphological

restoration

Harbours: new areas to use for

harbour needs (CDFs/piers)

Upland reuse for

environmental restoration

(quarries recovery, landfill

cover) and for civil engineering

uses

Environmental impact reduction

Minimization of landfill and open water sea disposal

Minimization of raw materials use

Open water sea disposal

Landfill

Tools for management: what more? (1/2)

MANAGEMENT INTEGRATED

SYSTEM

based on harbour needs and

potentiality of territory

(regional or national scale)

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Fano

Senigallia

Ancona

Numana

Civitanova Marche

MANAGEMENT INTEGRATED SYSTEM: Agreement between Ports and local

Governments for dredging and sustainable development of port areas

A case study: Regional Harbours

Maintenance Dredging in harbour areas:

Civitanova Marche, Fano, Ancona, Senigallia,

Ancona

Interventions Program for protection and

environmental enhancement of Marche

Region coasts

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Regional Harbours: agreement for dredging

Proposed actions

• Dredging projects

• CDF filling in Ancona harbour

• Beach nourishment and coastal morphological

restoration

• Open water sea disposal

Treatment technologies test:

- particle size separation

- dewatering

- bioremediation

- solidification/stabilization

Fiume Musone

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• The management of high volumes of largely heterogeneous sediments is

more frequent, so it’s extremely important to identify feasible solutions for up

land reuse.

• Applied research has to be increased in order to find treatment processes

able to decrease contaminants and/or to separate homogeneous physical

and chemical sediments.

• Testing different treatment technologies to manage different type of

contaminated dredged sediments.

• Knowledge on the sediment use for environmental and morphological

restoration should be increased

• Knowledge can provide relevant technical and scientific support in order to

improve existing legislation

NEED TO IMPROVE APPLIED RESEARCH TO IDENTIFY MORE OPTIONS OF

DREDGED MARINE SEDIMENTS MANAGEMENT

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Tools for management: what more? (2/2)


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ISPRA has a long time experience in treatment technologies for the remediation of contaminated sediments.

These processes are tested by ISPRA, in partnership with some universities and private companies.

Tools for management: technologies tested into ISPRA

Laboratories

Sediment washing

Washing plus chelant solutions (tested on sediments taken from Venice Lagoon)

BioGenesis Technology (tested on sediments taken from Venice Lagoon)

Bioremediation &

Phytoremediation

Biostabilization and Phytoestraction (tested on sediments from Orbetello lagoon and Venice Lagoon)

Electrochemistry Electrokinetic (tested on sediments taken from Canale Brentella- Ve)

Grain size separation Size separation Pilot Plant

(tested on sediments collected at Livorno, Piombino and Emilia-Romagna Ports)

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Solidification/

Stabilization HPSS – Mapei Technology

(tested on sediments taken from Augusta Harbour)

Novosol – Solvay Technology

(tested on sediments taken from Venice Lagoon)


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Port of Ravenna:

Dredging interventions

for about 11 mln mc of

sediments

Project aim:

the recycle and

valorization of port dredged

sediments an integrated

cycle of actions, ranging

from treatment technologies

to identifying the possibilities

of beneficial reuse

LIFE+Project

SEDI.PORT.SIL.


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The SEDI.PORT.SIL. Project

Action 8

Action 5

Action 4 Action 3

Action 2

Action 6

Action 7

Action 1

Action 2 - ISPRA

Preparatory action: state of the art baseline

Action 1 - MED Ingegneria

Project Management

Action 3 - DIEMME Enologia

Demonstration of sediments treatment

Action 4 - UNIBO

Plasma sediment treatment and silicon

extraction

Action 5 - UNIFE

Sediments re-use plan

Action 6 - MED Ingegneria

The treatment plant at the Port of Ravenna

Action 7 - GEOECOMAR

Replication of the SEDI.PORT.SIL

methodology in a different european context

Action 8 – Parco Delta del Po

Dissemination activities


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Action 2 – Preparatory action:

state of the art baseline

• Investigation of the available treatment systems scenarios at pilot scale and/or real scale, at national and

international level and to have a critical revision of the treatment techniques to evaluate the different

contaminant removal efficiency and to identify the most suitable treatment techniques for the Port of

Ravenna sediments

• Investigation of existing technology available for silicon leaching from sediments to gain metallurgic silicon

for commercial use

Action 1 - Project Management

This activity is for laying groundwork to ensure project management and efficient implementation of project

activities and to facilitate achievement of expected results and objectives. Specific objectives of the action

are:

• Guarantee that project activities are implemented according to the terms of reference, project proposal,

and contractual obligations;

• Fulfill project expected results and ensure to meet project objectives.

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Literature review to create the state

of the art baseline for the

development of the project

• Characterization of Ravenna Port

sediments

• Study of the regulatory framework

concerning dredging sediment


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The action aims to demonstrate the efficiency of the

proposed sediment decontamination process through a

prototype application by:

• sediment sampling and characterization

• sediment washing process and landfarming technique

testing

Action 3 - Demonstration activity for sediment

treating process

Action 4 - Plasma sediment treatment and silicon extraction

Action aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of a

plasma treatment, through carbothermal reduction, for

decontamination of the dredged polluted sediments and

metallurgical grade silicon extraction from sediments,

by:

• Numerical simulation of the process for the

identification of the optimal process parameters;

• Plasma treatment of sediment inside graphite crucible;

• In-flight plasma treatment of sediment using injection

probe.

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Action 5 - Sediments reuse plan

Identification of the possible reuses of sediments dredged from Ravenna

Port after their treatment through:

• Coastal zones that need beach nourishment interventions review and

surveys

• Quarries (that need environmental restoration interventions) review and

surveys

• Review of existing infrastructural projects in the Ravenna territory

• Plans for the use of treated dredged sediments

Study for the realization of a sediment

treatment Plant at the Port of Ravenna:

• Detailed design of the treatment plant

• Master plan for the integrated management

of contaminated sediments (including

collection, treatment of contaminated

sediment and reuse of decontaminated

sediment)

• Business plan

Action 6 - Sediment treatment

plant at the Port of Ravenna

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Action 7 - Replication of the SEDI.PORT.SIL. in Midia Harbour, Romania

The action foresees the application

of the previous actions in order to

highlight the replication of tested

methodologies in a different

environmental-territorial-legislative

context.

The area chosen is the Port of

Midia (Black Sea, Romania)

Action 8 – Dissemination and communication

Dissemination, during and after the project, is pursued through meetings and workshops, brochures and

other dissemination material, a dedicated web-site and a set of guidelines for project repeatability elsewhere.

Final workshop planned in December 2012 in Comacchio (Ferrara)

Website: http://www.lifesediportsil.eu/

Thanks to European Commission

ENV.E4 – LIFE Environment and Eco‐innovation

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http://www.lifesediportsil.eu/


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Conclusions

To create an integrated management system, based on a multitude of

environmentally and economically sustainable solutions

To improve scientific and technological knowledge about available tools for

dredged sediments management, including treatment technologies

To adapt the project proposals on specific cases, also through pilot testing

and recognition of the needs of territory

Selection of the appropriate solutions environmentally sustainable

for the management of the “resource” dredged materials

Decrease in overall management costs

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To improve existing legislation for marine sediment up land reuse


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Thank you for your attention

[email protected]

www.isprambiente.it

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