tomasita meets tomatltomasita meets tomatl: crossing geopolitical, ecological and epistemological...
TRANSCRIPT
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Tomasita meets Tomatl:
Crossing Geopolitical, Ecological and Epistemological Borders on the Tomato Trail
Humanities Council SymposiumAppalachian State University
Deborah BarndtYork University
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Song: Temagami Round
If we lose this forestIf we savage the landWe might as well be cutting off Our own right handFor we and the Earth are oneUnder the moon, under the sun
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Stories
The truth about stories is that’s all we are.
……………………….
We need to be careful about the stories we tell.
Thomas King
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My story: Post-war childhood in rural mid-west and Appalachia
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Aboriginal and diasporic context
Toronto: most multicultural city in the world
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���Peru 1976:���
PhD on Paulo Freire
Torn between three rolesð Pensadora:
Academic (critical social analysis)ð Politica:
Activist (collective political action)ð Poeta:
Artist (creative artistic expression)
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Artist
Activist Academic
Embracing the tensions
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Edward Said, postcolonial theorist
The general consensus that ‘true’ knowledge is fundamentally non-political (and conversely, that overtly political knowledge is not ‘true’ knowledge) obscures the highly organized political circumstances obtaining when knowledge is produced.
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York University’s Faculty of Environmental Studies:���interdisciplinary, praxis-oriented, community engaged,
holistic and arts-based modes of inquiry and action
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Popular Education Practice includes:
• Indigenous ways of knowing• Labour education • Feminist pedagogy• Anti-racism education• Development and global education• Queer pedagogy• Popular environmental education
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Honouring the spirits of Myles Horton and dian marino
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Honouring the spirits of Paulo Freire and bell hooks
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Honouring the spirits of Augusto Boal and Jane Sapp
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Related practices
• Radical adult education• Liberatory or emancipatory education • Anti-oppression education• Decolonizing education• Transformative learning• Cultural work• Theatre of the oppressed • Popular communications• Community arts
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Community Arts Practice
A joint undergraduate certificate of the Faculty of Environmental Studies and the Faculty of Fine Arts
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York University’s Eco Art and Media Festival www.yorku.ca/ecoart
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Master’s in Environmental Studies���Examples of Student Arts-Based Projects
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My epistemological approach���draws from these theoretical perspectives
• Marxist/structuralist: knowledge is constructed and ideological (Freire, Gramsci, Haraway)
• Feminist: knowledge is subjective and inductive (hooks, Mies, Hill Collins, Narayan, Alexander, Strega) • Postmodern: knowledge is fluid, subjective, and
representational (Foucault, Young, Loomba, Hall)• Difference-centred: knowledge is partial, multiple,
situated, & subjugated (Moosa-Mitha, , Spivak. Tuhiwai-Smith, Battiste)
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Four Projects, Four Tangled Stories
1) TANGLED ROUTES: corporate food system2) FOODSHED PROJECT: digital stories feed local food movement3) MILAGROS FOR MIGRANTS: global within the local4) LEGACIES FILM: connecting Indigenous and non-Indigenous women farmers
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Challenging western dualisms
• Theory/practice• Culture/nature• Science/art• Matter/spirit• Reason/emotion• Mind/body
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Story One:���Tangled Routes
Women, Work and Globalization on the Tomato Trail
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���The tomato ���as a code of globalization
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The NAFTA Journey ���of the ���
Corporate Tomato
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Builds on and reinforces ���north-south inequities
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Tomasita��� vs. ���
Tomatl
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Conflicting Cosmovisions: ���Reductionist vs. Regenerative
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Weaving three theoretical threads
• Political economy (commodity chain analysis)
• Ecofeminism (social not cultural)
• Cultural studies (image imperialism)
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Tangled Roots
Five moments in the history of global agriculture
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The Scientific Moment and Colonialism 16th- 18th centuries
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The Industrial Moment and Capitalism 19th-20th centuries
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The Chemical Moment and Development 20th century
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The Biotech Moment and Neoliberalism Late 20th century
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The Computer Moment and Globalization Late 20th-21st centuries
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Food Discourses and Approaches Eric Holt-Gimenez, Food First
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"The Corporate Food Regime
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Globalization from above
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Interdisciplinary tomato
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Production/Consumption: Distancing
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Biodiversity/Cultural Diversity:���Uniformity and Homogenization
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Work/Technology: Flexible Labour
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Health/Environment: ���Ecological/Holistic Health
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Globalization "from below
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Interlocking analysis of power
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Border Crossers:���Transnational
migrant labour
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FOOD MOVEMENTS
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The Other Globalization
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IN MEXICO: El Campo No Aguanta Más (The Countryside Won’t Take It Any More)
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Maize Movement: ���Defending Biodiversity from NAFTA Corn
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Environmental and ���Human Rights Activists
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Unitierra - ���Indigenous university
Zapatista movement
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Mexican migrants take on Fast Food giants
IN THE UNITED STATES:���Coalition of Immokalee Workers
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TRANSNATIONAL ALLIANCES ���Via Campesina���
Global Indigenous and Peasant Coalition
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Collaborative and Individual Publications
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Returning stories ���to their source
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Story Two��� The Foodshed Project���
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From collective critique of global food system to critical engagement in local food movement
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Food Discourses and Approaches Eric Holt-Gimenez, Food First
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Participatory action research with over 40 local food initiatives
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Digital storytelling by students with local food groups
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Organizational Ecology
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The Stop Community
Food Centre
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Opal’s Story: Envisioning Food Sovereignty
By Magda Olszanowski and Sara Udow
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Training new farmers, cooks, and food activists
Generational Renewal
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Malocca Garden @ York University
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Growing Art, Rooted in Communities
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FoodShare���School Salad Bars ���
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Eat-In Ontario
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Focus on Food: ���Youth food skills training���
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Drawing on diasporic knowledges
Cultural Renewal
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Local/Global gardens and farms
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Seeds of our City
Telling Food, Eating Stories
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Engaging a contradiction in our movement:
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(…but don’t tell them that much local food has been grown and picked by global migrant labour….)
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���Remittances as major source
of foreign exchange
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Can local food be both sustainable and just?
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Peach Farmer: I couldn’t survive without migrant workers
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Anti-Racist Coalition: Good Food and Justice for All Initiative
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Organizers of Migrant Workers: Justicia4Migrant Workers
Agricultural Workers Alliance (UFCW)
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What contradictions exist in Boone’s local food movement?
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Who picks the organic tomatoes you eat in Boone?
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Reflexive Localism Dupuis, Harrison, Goodman
• Admits contradictions and complexity • Emphasizes process rather than vision • Doesn’t favour one scale of political practice • Works with multiple notions of privilege • Distinguishes between equality and charity • Strong memory of past inequalities • Doesn’t insist on shared values or world views • Embraces imperfect politics
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���Story Three���
Milagros for Migrants:���An Immersive Installation ���
Honouring Ontario’s Migrant Farmworkers������
Deborah Barndt and Min Sook Lee
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Appropriating Mexican home altars (Thanks to Amalia Mesa-Bains)
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Unpacking Local/Global Food: ReFraming Labour
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Seasonal Agricultural ���Workers Program
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Connecting to deep history, cultural practices and resistance
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NAFTA and remittances
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Temporary Foreign Workers Program
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Public awareness about migrant workers
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Appropriating Prayer Cards as Critical Texts & Bookmarks
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Multi-layered text: local/global, analysis/action
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Appropriating corporate food labels as guerilla stickers
Global Food , G lob
alLabour
Global Food , G lob
alLabour
Global Food , G lob
alLabour
Global Food , G lob
alLabour
Global Food , G lob
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Global Food , G lob
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Global Food , G lob
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Global Food , G lob
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Global Food , G lob
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Global Food , G lob
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alLabour
Global Food , G lob
alLabour
Local Food,
Global Labour Local Food,
Global Labour Local Food,
Global Labour
Local Food,
Global Labour Local Food,
Global Labour Local Food,
Global Labour
Local Food,
Global Labour Local Food,
Global Labour Local Food,
Global Labour
Local Food,
Global Labour Local Food,
Global Labour Local Food,
Global Labour
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Art for Migrant Worker Justice
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Story Four:���Legacies of Tangled Routes:���
Film of Intergenerational and Intercultural ���Exchange of Knowledge
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2003-2007: VIVA! Community Arts and Popular Education in the Americas
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Theoretical Framework : ���Decolonizing art, education and research
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Ongoing process of decolonization
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Decolonizing as a Multi-faceted Process
• Acknowledging the history of colonialism
• Working to undo its effects• Striving to unlearn attitudes and
habits that perpetuate it• Challenging and transforming
institutional manifestations
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2010: PhD thesis in Mi’gmaq ���and community defense in Listuguj, Quebec
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2015: Revisiting Mexican tomato workers
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2015: Revisiting Chiapas, ���Mexico
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2015: Revisiting Nicaraguan Carribean Coast
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2015: Revisiting Guna Yala in Panama
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2015: It’s a new moment• Greater public consciousness about
food (Food Secure Canada, CAFS)• Greater awareness of Indigenous rights
and perspectives on the environment (Idle No More, Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Missing and Murdered Aboriginal Women)• Greater openness to participatory arts-
based education and organizing
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Legacies: Intergenerational Exchange ���at Six Nations
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Intergenerational exchange of knowledge at Muskoka area farm���
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Challenges of proposing the exchange
• Resistance to making work visible• Control of images and stories• Grant proposal categories are alienating• Want both structure and flexibility• Language barriers to intercultural
exchange
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All Our Relations
Ecological: Interconnection of all living things Geopolitical: History of colonialism and oppression Epistemological: Ways of knowing grounded in body and spirit
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Song: Temagami Round
If we lose this forestIf we savage the landWe might as well be cutting off Our own right handFor we and the Earth are oneUnder the moon, under the sun
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Informed by feminist epistemologies and methodologies
• Intersectional analysis of power • Local historically contingent practices in global context • Situated knowledges and collaborative knowledge
production • Self-reflexivity re: internal power dynamics of project • Arts-based research methods challenge body/mind and reason/emotion dichotomies • Ecological analysis of interconnectedness feeding a more holistic popular education • Open to emergent questions and insights • Praxis-oriented in research and resulting political action