tom hamilton – americas channel database cse oracle architecture 1
TRANSCRIPT
Tom Hamilton – America’s Channel Database CSE
Oracle Architecture
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Common Oracle Versions
Oracle 8i (no SMO support)Oracle 9i (no SMO support 3.3 or later)Oracle 10gOracle 11gComing attractions
– Oracle 12c – not released by Oracle yet
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Oracle Components
Database filesAutomatic Storage Management (ASM)Real Application Cluster (RAC)ProtocolsDisaster Recovery
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Oracle Database Files
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Storage System
Oracle Database Files
Binaries Configuration filesDatafiles Temporary database files Redo log files Archive redo log files Cluster-related files
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What’s a Block?
The basic unit Oracle uses to manage data.Typically 8k in size.Some data warehouses or any other
database with a lot of long sequential reads will have 16k or 32k.
You can have a database with mixed block sizes, but it is very rare
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Block Structure. It has a header that
contains a database address, SCN number, checksum, etc.
It has a tail with more metadata about the block.
Not a good candidate for deduplication.
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Block Structure: Deduplication
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The header should be globally unique in the whole database, meaning that first 4k WAFL block will have
no duplicates. The tail is not 100%
unique, but it’s highly variant, meaning that final 4k WAFL block will have very few
duplicates.
NetApp Deduplication and Data Compression Sample Use Cases and Space Savings
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Legend
Compression & Deduplication
Deduplication Only
Compression Only
Neither
Oracle Database Backup and Recovery
Backup and recovery– Archivelog mode
Control files Redo logs Archive logs SCN Benefits Consequences
– Non-Archivelog mode Control files Redo logs Benefits Consequences
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Oracle Database Backup and Recovery
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Automatic Storage Manager
What is it? Features
Mirroring and Striping Dynamic Storage Configuration Interoperability with non-ASM databases RAC and single instance
Components Disk Groups Disks Failure groups Files Templates
NetApp interoperability
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NetApp Adds Value to Oracle ASM
Oracle ASM NetApp Oracle ASM + NetApp
Data Resilience
Protect against Single Disk Failure Yes Yes Yes
Protect against Double Disk failure No Yes Yes
Passive Block corruption detection Yes Yes Yes
Active Block corruption detection Yes Yes Yes
Lost disk write detection No Yes Yes
Performance
Stripe data across ASM Disks Yes No Yes
Balance I/O across ASM Disks Yes No Yes
Stripe data across Physical Disks No Yes Yes
Balance I/O across Physical Disks No Yes Yes
I/O prioritization No Yes Yes
Storage Utilization
Free space management across physical disks
No Yes Yes
Thin provisioning of ASM Disks No Yes Yes
Space efficient Cloning No Yes Yes
Data Protection
Storage Snapshot based Backups No Yes Yes
Storage Snapshot based Restores No Yes Yes
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ASM versus FC: IO Layers
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Real Application Cluster
Shared databaseCluster-aware storage
– ASM– Oracle Cluster File System (OCFS)– NFS– Raw devices
Distance between RAC nodes
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Oracle RAC
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Introducing Oracle dNFS
Collaborative solution from NetApp & OracleNFSv3 client within Oracle RDBMS serverNFS files accessed directly from OracleEliminates extra O/S NFS client code pathOptimized NFS code path for database I/O
patterns via direct I/O and asynchronous I/O support
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What is Direct NFS client?
Introducing Oracle dNFS
Eliminates the need for NFS mount optionsStandard NFS client implementation across all
platforms supported by the Oracle Database, even Windows.
No infrastructure changes are required to change from kNFS to dNFS.
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What is Direct NFS client?
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dNFS Optimizes Oracle I/O Traffic
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TCP / IP layer
Driver + NIC HW
FS layer
NFS client
TCP / IP layer
Driver + NIC HW
Traditional NFS I/O Direct NFS I/O
dNFS
1122
33 OS
Dat
ab
ase
Extra layers1
2
3
Not optimizedfor Oracle
Extra networktraffic Storage
Oracle dNFS Innovation
Scales across 4 separate network paths between DB host & NFS server
Load balances across available pathsScales linearly with number of pathsHigh Availability across pathsTested with NetApp VIF technologyNo configuring O/S LACP bonding
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dNFS is scalable, reliable, & easy to use!
Improved Scalability with dNFSPerforms on par with blocks protocolsHigher concurrent access to NFS server
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Protocols
FCP/FCoEiSCSINative NFSDirect NFS (DNFS)DO NOT USE CIFS
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Performance Considerations
FCP/FCoEiSCSINative NFSDirect NFS (DNFS)Which one do you choose?
– The customer is always right– Current infrastructure– Expertise level– Requirements– DO NOT GET IN A PROTOCOL WAR!
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Performance Considerations – TR3932
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Performance Considerations – TR3932
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Oracle Disaster Recovery Methods: Data Guard
Data availability, data protection and disaster recovery solutionWhat:•Replicates Oracle databases from one data center to another•Ability to perform backups from the standby database instead of the production database•Both physical and logical versions
Image from Oracle Corp