TobaccoTobacco

TOBACCO USETOBACCO USE

Smoking is the Smoking is the number one cause number one cause of premature and of premature and preventable preventable disease in Canada.disease in Canada.

Linked to many Linked to many health riskshealth risks

Cigarette LabelsCigarette Labels

Because of the many health risks Because of the many health risks linked to smoking the government linked to smoking the government now requires tobacco products to now requires tobacco products to have Warning labelshave Warning labels

http://www.thestar.com/news/canada/article/913345--more-graphic-labels-for-cigarette-packages-to-be-unveiled

The Globe and MailThe Globe and MailPublished Monday, Nov. 15, 2010 12:01AM ESTPublished Monday, Nov. 15, 2010 12:01AM EST

““Package warnings are very important and Canada was the first Package warnings are very important and Canada was the first country to acquire picture warnings [in 2001] and now we’re falling country to acquire picture warnings [in 2001] and now we’re falling behind,” said Rob Cunningham, a senior policy analyst with the behind,” said Rob Cunningham, a senior policy analyst with the Canadian Cancer Society.Canadian Cancer Society.

Health Canada had been reviewing the warnings for tobacco Health Canada had been reviewing the warnings for tobacco products for several years and was considering new labels that products for several years and was considering new labels that would have been larger and, in many cases, much more graphic than would have been larger and, in many cases, much more graphic than the originals until the project was suddenly halted earlier this year. the originals until the project was suddenly halted earlier this year. (2010)(2010)

The fact that Canadian cigarette packages have not been changed The fact that Canadian cigarette packages have not been changed for 10 years is frustrating, said Mr. Cunningham. There is extensive for 10 years is frustrating, said Mr. Cunningham. There is extensive proof that the graphic pictures on cigarette packages play a role in proof that the graphic pictures on cigarette packages play a role in getting smokers to quit, he said.getting smokers to quit, he said.

““A picture says a thousand words and, if you can see that picture of A picture says a thousand words and, if you can see that picture of Barb Tarbox, that brings to life what lung cancer is really like. It has Barb Tarbox, that brings to life what lung cancer is really like. It has a lot more emotional impact than just what text can say,” he said.a lot more emotional impact than just what text can say,” he said.

““And if it didn’t work, the tobacco companies wouldn’t And if it didn’t work, the tobacco companies wouldn’t lobby against it.”lobby against it.”

www.ctv.ca/.../cigarette-packaging-101229/

New warning labels New warning labels - 16 new warning labels will be introduced - 16 new warning labels will be introduced

in 2011in 2011 - To keep them effective, Health Canada - To keep them effective, Health Canada

will rotate the labels every four yearswill rotate the labels every four years - Will highlight a new set of tobacco-- Will highlight a new set of tobacco-

related diseases, such as bladder cancer related diseases, such as bladder cancer and macular degenerationand macular degeneration

- Feature improved literacy levels- Feature improved literacy levels - Include a variety of styles and - Include a variety of styles and

approaches to appeal to different age approaches to appeal to different age groupsgroups

Smoke: Toxic MixtureSmoke: Toxic Mixture

Smoke contains Smoke contains nicotinenicotine, , carcinogenscarcinogens, , tartar and and carbon carbon monoxidemonoxide

NicotineNicotine

Addictive drugAddictive drug Causes physiological (body) and Causes physiological (body) and

psychological (mind) dependencepsychological (mind) dependence Found in tobacco leavesFound in tobacco leaves Stimulant – increases the action of Stimulant – increases the action of

the central nervous system, the the central nervous system, the heart, & other organsheart, & other organs

CARCINOGENCARCINOGEN

Cancer causing agentCancer causing agent In 1992 tobacco smoke or In 1992 tobacco smoke or

secondhand smoke is classified as a secondhand smoke is classified as a Group A carcinogen.Group A carcinogen.

TARTAR A thick sticky A thick sticky

substance that is substance that is produced when produced when tobacco burns.tobacco burns.

Destroys cilia (tiny Destroys cilia (tiny hairlike structures) hairlike structures) that line upper that line upper airways and protect airways and protect against infection.against infection.

Damages alveoli Damages alveoli (airsacs that absorb (airsacs that absorb oxygen and get rid of oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide)carbon dioxide)

Carbon MonoxideCarbon Monoxide

Colourless, odourless, and poisonous Colourless, odourless, and poisonous gas.gas.

Absorbed quicker than oxygen by Absorbed quicker than oxygen by the blood.the blood.

Causes increase in blood pressure, Causes increase in blood pressure, heart disease, and hardening of the heart disease, and hardening of the arteries.arteries.

Pipes and CigarsPipes and Cigars

Contain more nicotine, tar, and Contain more nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide than cigarettes.carbon monoxide than cigarettes.

No filter=increased risk of No filter=increased risk of developing cancers of throat, lip, developing cancers of throat, lip, and mouthand mouth

NICOTINENICOTINE

1 cigar = pack of cigarettes1 cigar = pack of cigarettes

Smokeless TobaccoSmokeless Tobacco

Sniffed, held in mouth, chewedSniffed, held in mouth, chewed Carcinogens absorbed in membranes Carcinogens absorbed in membranes

in the mouth.in the mouth. More carcinogens than cigarettes.More carcinogens than cigarettes. LEUKOPLAKIALEUKOPLAKIA

= thick, white leathery-looking = thick, white leathery-looking spots on the inside of the mouth that spots on the inside of the mouth that can develop into oral cancer.can develop into oral cancer.

Smokeless TobaccoSmokeless Tobacco

Cancers of the throat, larynx, Cancers of the throat, larynx, esophagus, stomach, and pancreas esophagus, stomach, and pancreas are also more common than among are also more common than among users.users.

Smokeless TobaccoSmokeless Tobacco Spit tobacco has ruined my Spit tobacco has ruined my

life," said Gruen Von Behrens. life," said Gruen Von Behrens. "Every time I turn around they "Every time I turn around they are putting me in the hospital are putting me in the hospital either to have surgery or some either to have surgery or some kind of treatment. If I had kind of treatment. If I had known then what I know now, I known then what I know now, I never would have put a dip in never would have put a dip in my mouth. Spit tobacco seemed my mouth. Spit tobacco seemed harmless, but in reality it was harmless, but in reality it was more than I could handle." Von more than I could handle." Von Behrens is a 26-year-old cancer Behrens is a 26-year-old cancer survivor who has had almost 30 survivor who has had almost 30 disfiguring surgeries to save his disfiguring surgeries to save his life, including one radical life, including one radical surgery that removed half his surgery that removed half his neck muscles and lymph nodes, neck muscles and lymph nodes, and half of his tongue. Like too and half of his tongue. Like too many teenagers, Von Behrens many teenagers, Von Behrens first tried spit tobacco at age first tried spit tobacco at age 13 to "fit in". 13 to "fit in".

How Tobacco Affects the How Tobacco Affects the BodyBody

REFER TO HAND-OUT (Fig 16.1)REFER TO HAND-OUT (Fig 16.1)

Short Term EffectsShort Term Effects

Changes in brain chemistry Changes in brain chemistry (cravings, withdrawal symptoms as (cravings, withdrawal symptoms as soon as 30 mins. after)soon as 30 mins. after)

Increased respiration and heart rateIncreased respiration and heart rate Dulled taste buds and reduced Dulled taste buds and reduced

appetiteappetite Bad breathBad breath Smelly hair, clothes, and skinSmelly hair, clothes, and skin

Long Term EffectsLong Term Effects

Effects many body systems Effects many body systems =respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, =respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive,

excretoryexcretory GLENCOE pg. 379GLENCOE pg. 379

Chronic bronchitisChronic bronchitis EmphysemaEmphysema Lung CancerLung Cancer Coronary Heart Disease and StrokeCoronary Heart Disease and Stroke

Other ConsequencesOther Consequences

Legal Legal Prohibited on school property Prohibited on school property

(suspended/expelled)(suspended/expelled) illegal to sell to someone under 19illegal to sell to someone under 19

Other ConsequencesOther Consequences

SocialSocial Smokers now asked to go outsideSmokers now asked to go outside Excluded from gatheringsExcluded from gatherings Bad breath, yellow teeth and fingersBad breath, yellow teeth and fingers

Other ConsequencesOther Consequences

FinancialFinancial A pack a day = $3,000 a yearA pack a day = $3,000 a year Economic Cost = $11 billion a yearEconomic Cost = $11 billion a year