tobacco. people who smoke “light” or low-tar cigarettes reduce their risk of smoking- related...

Tobacco

People who smoke light or low-tar cigarettes reduce their risk of smoking- related diseases compared to people who smoke other cigarettes. True or False? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 2 False. Smokers who choose light or low-tar cigarettes do not reduce tar intake or smoking-related disease risks, nor is there any evidence that switching to light cigarettes helps smokers quit.

Which of the following substances is found in tobacco smoke? A. Acetone (nail polish remover) B. Ammonia (cleaner) C. Hexamine (lighter fluid) D. Toluene (industrial solvent) Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 3 All four. Tobacco contains thousands of chemical substances, including many that are poisonous or linked to the development of cancer.

Every day in the United States, about 1000 children and adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17 start smoking. True or False? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 4 False. The number is closer to 4000 children and adolescents. The average age of a first-time smoker is 13.

Cigarette smoking increases the risk for which of the following conditions? A. Facial wrinkling B. Miscarriage C. Impotence D. Automobile crashes Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 5 All four. Cigarette smoking reduces the quality of life and is the greatest preventable cause of death in the United States.

A person who quits smoking now will reduce his or her risk of lung cancer within 10 years. True or False? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 6 True. The lung cancer rate of a former smoker is 50% of that of a continuing smoker within 10 years of quitting.

Every cigarette a person smokes reduces life expectancy by about 1 minute. True or False? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 7 False. Every cigarette reduces the life expectancy by about 11 minutes; one carton represents a day and a half of lost life.

History of Tobacco Use Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 8 Over the past 4 decades, the proportion of cigarette smoking among adults in the U.S. has dropped 30%. Almost every state now restricts smoking in public places, and several have introduced statewide smoking bans for indoor workplaces.

Despite progress Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 9 Tobacco use is still widespread. In 2005, 29.4% of Americans age 12 and older reported having used tobacco in some form during the past 30 days. Although the rate of tobacco use declined slightly from 2002 to 2005, it remained unchanged from 2004 to 2005. Smoking is the leading cause of preventable illness and premature death in the United States. Cigarette smoking is the major single cause of cancer deaths in the U.S. and is responsible for more deaths than all other drugs combined.

Who does it affect? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 10 Smoking has health effects on people at all stages of life from unborn babies to seniors. Each year 440,000 Americans die prematurely from tobacco-related causes. This accounts for nearly 1 in every 5 adult deaths each year. Male smokers lose an average of 13.2 years of life and Female smokers lose an average of 14.5 years of life.

Others? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 11 Non-smokers, particularly children also suffer. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) causes more than 35,000 deaths annually among nonsmokers. Smoking by pregnant women is responsible for about 1000 infant deaths each year in the U.S. Children exposed to ETS suffer higher rates of asthma, bronchitis, and pneumonia. Smokeless tobacco use has tripled since 1972, and cigar use has increased 50% since 1993.

Use of Tobacco Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 12 People who use Tobacco 70 Million Americans, nearly 4 million adolescents Each day more than 2000 teenagers become regular smokers. At least one-third of them will die prematurely. 2004, nearly 30% of Americans age 12 and older had used tobacco during the past 30 days

Tobacco Substances 13 There are hundreds of chemical substances in cigarette smoke. Three of the most damaging are: Tars Nicotine Carbon Monoxide

Tar 14 Brown, sticky substance Tars damage delicate lung tissue and are considered the main carcinogen in cigarette smoke. Carcinogen cancer causing substance 1 pack-a-day smokers get almost a liter of tar in their lungs in one year of smoking

Nicotine 15 Nicotine is found in tobacco leaves. It can be extracted as a colorless, oily transparent liquid It is used in solutions such as insecticides Nicotine can be smoked, inhaled, absorbed or chewed. It is in cigarettes, cigars, pipe tobacco and chewing tobacco. One drop of pure nicotine can be fatal to humans. Nicotine is a psychoactive drug. It acts on the brain in much the same way as cocaine and heroin.

How Nicotine Affects the Body Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 16 Nicotine is a powerful stimulant to the brain and the central nervous system. It hits the brain within 4 seconds of being used. Nicotine constricts the blood vessels, cutting down the flow of blood and oxygen throughout the body. This causes the heart to pump harder It raises the blood pressure It narrows the bronchioles (air passageways) in the lungs, depriving the body of oxygen Because of its effects on the heart and the lungs nicotine increases the risk of heart disease and stroke.

More About Nicotine Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 17 After Nicotine initially stimulates the brain it has a depressant effect. Nicotine is addictive and tolerance (needs more and more to get the desired effect) develops. Teens are more vulnerable to nicotine than older adults Nicotine addiction can start within a few days of smoking and after just a few cigarettes A person can develop a dependency (needs it to feel comfortable). Users need to have a constant flow of nicotine to the brain. Users build their daily schedule around use. Over half of those who smoke daily progress to dependence

Nicotine Withdrawal Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 18 A person suffers from withdrawal symptoms (physical and psychological discomfort) when they try to stop using. Cravings, insomnia, confusion, tremors, difficulty concentrating, fatigue, muscle pains, headache, nausea, irritability, anger, depression Most symptoms pass in 2 or 3 days, the craving persists

Nicotine and Tobacco Research Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 19 The tobacco industry has long maintained that nicotine has not been proven to be addictive. Scientific evidence overwhelmingly shows to the contrary. Many researchers consider nicotine to be the most physically addictive of all psychoactive drugs According to a 2006 study, the amount of nicotine in cigarettes increased by 10% between 1998 and 2004.

Carbon Monoxide 20 Carbon Monoxide replaces needed oxygen in a persons red blood cells Even after a person stops smoking, carbon monoxide stays in the bloodstream for hours, depriving the cells of oxygen. Carbon Monoxide is a waste product of cigarette smoking, car exhaust and unvented kerosene heaters.

Other Components Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 22 43 chemicals in tobacco smoke are linked to cancer (Carcinogen) Benzo(a)pyrene Urethane Cocarcinogens - Combine with other chemicals to cause cancer Formaldehyde (embalming fluid) Poisonous substances Arsenic (ant poison) Hydrogen cyanide (used as method of execution in the U.S.) Carbon monoxide (exhaust fumes) 400 times greater than is considered safe in industrial workplaces Displaces oxygen in red blood cells Additives Nearly 600 chemicals

Additives Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 23 Some additives are regarded as safe when ingested but when heated or burned can form carcinogens. Sugars and flavoring agents as flavor enhancers and addictive components Licorice, cocoa, honey When sugars burn they produce acetaldehyde, a chemical that enhances the addictive effect of nicotine. Acetaldehyde is a carcinogen

Other Additives Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 24 Ammonia (cleaning agent) Boosts the amount of addictive nicotine Reduces acidity in smoke, allowing nicotine to be more readily absorbed in the blood Potassium Citrate Aluminum Clay All work to make cigarette smoke less obvious and objectionable to the non-smoker.

Smokers Face: Another Reason to Quit the Habit Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 25 H:\Smokers Face Chart.notebook Read the article and fill in the chart. What are the smoking-related problems that affect women, affect men, and affect women and men?

The Long-Term Effects of Smoking Chapter eleven 27 Cardiovascular Diseases Coronary Heart Disease Smokers have a death rate 70% higher than non-smokers Atherosclerosis (blockage in the arteries) Smoking and exposure to ETS permanently accelerates the rate of plaque accumulation in the coronary arteries Chest Pain Heart Attack Stroke Aneurysm (blood vessel bursts)

Other Long-Term Effects 28 Lung Cancer Those who smoke 2 or more packs-a-day have a lung cancer death rate 12-25 times greater than those of nonsmokers. Evidence suggests after 1year without smoking the risk of lung cancer decreases substantially; after 10 years the risk is reduced by half. Smoking is also linked to cancers of the: Trachea Mouth Pharynx Esophagus Larynx Pancreas Bladder Kidney Breast Cervix Stomach Liver Colon Skin

More Effects 29 Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD) From constant exposure to dangerous chemicals and irritants, must work harder to function adequately 4 th leading cause of death in the U.S. Most common forms: Emphysema where walls of the air sacs of the lungs lose elasticity and are gradually destroyed Chronic Bronchitis cell lining of the bronchial tubes are inflammed, producing excess mucus. Cigarette smokers are up to 18 times more likely than nonsmokers to die from emphysema and chronic bronchitis Pipe and cigar smokers are more likely to die than nonsmokers but risk is smaller

Additional Health, Cosmetic, and Economic Concerns Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 31 Ulcers Impotence Reproductive health problems Dental diseases Diminished physical senses Injuries Cosmetic concerns Economic costs

Cumulative Effects Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 32 Males before 15 yrs. old are half as likely to live to 75 versus those who did not smoke Females with similar habits reduce life expectancy by more than 10 years Female smokers spend 17% more sick days in bed than nonsmokers Both men and women show a greater rate of acute and chronic diseases

Environmental Tobacco Smoke Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 33 Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Health and Human Services and the U.S. Surgeon General have all concluded that ETS is a known carcinogen. There is no safe level of exposure to ETS Every year ETS causes thousands of deaths from lung cancer and heart disease and is responsible for hundreds of thousands of respiratory infections in young children.

Primary Sources of ETS Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 34 Primary Sources of ETS Home Workplace Cars Restaurants and public places Policies to eliminate smoking in the workplace and public places are increasing.

Second-hand Smoke 35 Second hand smoke Mainstream smoke Smoke exhaled by the smoker Sidestream smoke Smoke from the burning end of the cigarette Twice the tar and nicotine Three times the benzo(a)pyrene, carbon monoxide and ammonia 85% of smoke in a room is sidestream smoke In a typical home with the windows closed, it takes about 6 hours for 95% of the airborne cigarette smoke particles to clear Smoke from a cigar can be even more dangerous 30 times more carbon monoxide and 3 times as many carcionogenic particles

ETS Effects 36 Develop cough, headaches, nasal discomfort, eye irritation, throat irritation, breathlessness and sinus problems Allergies will be exacerbated, increased asthma attacks 24-50% increase in lung cancer risk Causes 3,000 deaths due to lung cancer Contributes to about 35,000 overall deaths After just 30 minutes of exposure to ETS, the endothelial function in the coronary arteries of a healthy nonsmoker is reduced to the same level as that of smokers. Carbon monoxide lingers in the bloodstream 5 hours later.

Infants, Children, and ETS Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 37 Infants and Children are more likely to develop Bronchitis, pneumonia,& respiratory infections More complications from asthma Increased chance of SIDS Low-birth weight Bronchitis Chemicals from smoking show up in breast milk Children inhale three times more pollutants per unit of body weight than adults.

Tobacco Mathematics $6.72 per pack Regular$6.14 per pack Generic Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 38 Marlboro Camel Virginia Slims Newport Winston Kool Capri Misty Salem Tahoe Bailey Maverick

Tobacco Mathematics RegularGeneric Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 39 2. $6.72 a pack 3. $47.04 each week 4. $188.16 every month 5. $2,446.08 every year 6. $9,784.32 every 4 years 7. $24,460.80 every 10 years 8. 7,300 cigarettes a year 9. 73,000 over a decade 2. $6.14 a pack 3. $42.98 each week 4. $171.92 every month 5. $2,234.96 every year 6. $8,939.84 every 4 years 7. $22,349.60 every 10 years 8. 7,300 cigarettes a year 9. 73,000 over a decade

Smokeless Tobacco Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 40 Smokeless tobacco includes both chewing tobacco and snuff Commonly called chew or dip Made from tobacco leaves that are formed into loose-leaf, plugs, or twists. Can be dry or moist Held in place between the gum and the lip or cheek

Smokeless Tobacco Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 41 More than 6.5 million adults use smokeless tobacco Nicotine is absorbed through the gums and lining of the mouth 1 dip for 30 minutes = 2-3 cigarettes worth of nicotine

Effects of Smokeless Tobacco Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 42 Changes in the mouth can occur even after only 2 weeks of use Gums and lips become dried and irritated and may bleed Leukoplakia (white or red patches) may appear can lead to oral cancer About 25% of regular spit tobacco users have Gingivitis (gum disease) Cancers of the lip, tongue, cheek, throat, gums, roof and floor of the mouth, and larynx

Other forms of tobacco Chapter eleven 44 Cigars Cigarette smoking among Maryland high school students has decreased since 2000 however cigar use has increased by more than 11% in the same time Cigarette packs sold in Maryland have declined since 2000 however cigar sales have increased by more than 176% Cigars contain more tobacco than cigarettes therefore contain more nicotine and produce more tar. Cigars have a high concentration of nitrogen compounds, some of the most potent carcinogens known.

More about Cigars 45 Flavored cigars are driving youth cigar use In 2010 nearly 80% of underage high school cigar smokers reported smoking flavored cigars In contrast only 4% of adults smoke cigars and less than 2% of adults reported flavored cigar use The most popular types of flavored cigars are small cigars called cigarillos.

Cigarillos If you were a teen, which would you buy with your pocket change? 46 How are cigarillos sold? Brightly colored, attractive packaging Enticing fruit, candy and alcohol flavorings Small packages or singles in front of stores at cash registers Cheap, inexpensive prices Pack of 20 cigarettes $6.00Single cigar 69

Other forms of tobacco 47 Clover cigarettes and Bidis Imported from primarily from Pakistan, India and Indonesia Clover cigarettes contain twice the tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide Bidis contain up to 4 times more nicotine and twice as much tar

What are Electronic Cigarettes? also known as E-Cigs cigarette-shaped device contains a nicotine-based liquid that is vaporized and inhaled used to simulate the experience of smoking tobacco some are rechargeable manufactured by tobacco companies as a safe product you can use anywhere Do you think this product is safe for the user or others nearby? Why or why not?

Ingredients of E-cigarettes: The nicotine-based chamber normally contain a mixture of: propylene glycol, a liquid alcohol glycerin, a colorless liquid nicotine, a colorless oily liquid found in tobacco flavorings Other types may use similar ingredients, but without nicotine.

Components of E-Cigarettes:

Legal Status & FDA Regulation Age: In most states, the age for purchasing e- cigarettes is a minimum of 18. The Vape it stores in Salisbury and Delaware require customers to be 18 or older to purchase from their websites or stores. There are issues with underage e- cigarette users, but at least 41 states prohibit sales of e-cigarettes to minors as of October 6, 2014. http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/alternative-nicotine-products-e-cigarettes.aspx

Legal Status & FDA Regulation Are ingredients regulated? In April 2011, the FDA issued a statement that they intend to regulate e-cigarettes as tobacco products. (To date, the FDA has not taken authority, and has left the e-cigarette unregulated.) E-cigarette bans: Several state governments are processing/adding e-cigarettes to their list of smoking bans. Several countries have banned the sale of e-cigarettes. 41 states prohibit the sale of e-cigarettes to minors

Other Problems associated CDC study finds dramatic increase in e-cigarette related calls to Poison Centers (all 50 states and DC) More than 50% of the calls involved young children under age 5; mainly due to ingestion. Not needed to be childproof, have colors and flavors like candy that are appealing to children Can also be poisoned by inhalation and absorption through skin and eyes. http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2014/p0403-e-cigarette-poison.html http://www.wboc.com/story/26779698/liquid-nicotine-exposures-up-sharply-among-kids#.VD2mhhs--qk.mailto

Local specialty stores and online sites Locations: North Salisbury South Salisbury Millsboro advertised at the register at Ace Hardware

Why Start in the First Place? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 55 Between 2001-2005 high school use has declined. 28.5% to 23% Children and teenagers make-up 90% of all new smokers in this country. Estimated 4000 children and adolescents (12-17) start smoking. Average age 13 for smoking 10 for spit tobacco

Listening to Advertising Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 56 In 2003 the Tobacco Industry spent nearly $15 billion for advertising Most heavily advertised brands Marlboro Camel Newport 90% of teens prefer the top three most advertised brands. Joe Camel is more familiar than Mickey Mouse. More than 90% of 6-year-olds recognized the character

Who do advertisers reach? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 57 Certain brands are designed to appeal primarily to men, women or particular ethnic groups. Virginia Slims Winston Community-based advertising Audience-based advertising

Advertisements & Price Even famous people do advertisements!

Local specialty stores and online sites Isnt this a pharmacy?

Government regulation Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 60 The U.S. government began regulating tobacco advertising in 1967 FCC required broadcasters to air anti-smoking messages along with industry-sponsored advertisements on television and radio Between 1967 and 1971, per capita cigarette consumption declined by 7% Cigarette advertising on television and radio was banned altogether in 1971

Regulations Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 61 In 1996, the FDA issued strict advertising regulations designed to reduce minors exposure and access to tobacco advertising and products; however the Supreme Court ruled the FDA does not have this authority. In November 1998, controls on advertising were enacted as part of a $206 billion deal to settle lawsuits brought against Big Tobacco by attorney generals of 39 states

Big Tobacco settlement Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 62 This settlement limits or bans billboard and transit advertising Cartoon characters in advertisements and packaging Tobacco logos on t-shirts, hats and promotional items Brand name sponsorship of sporting events Payments for product placement in movies, television, and concerts

Emulating Smoking Onscreen Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 63 Tobacco companies agreed to end paid product placement in movies as part of the settlement Actually smoking in movies has increased particularly in PG-13 The portrayal of smoking does not reflect U.S. patterns of use Films typically show the smoker as white, male, well-educated, successful and attractive In reality, smokers tend to be poor and have less education

Who Uses Tobacco? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 64 Characteristics which could increase the potential for use. A parent or sibling uses tobacco Peers use tobacco Child comes from blue-collar family Child comes from low-income home Single parent. Performs poorly in school Child drops out of school Has positive attitudes towards tobacco

Users Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 65 Between 1996 and 2001 the percentage of smokers who said they smoked only occasionally rose in 38 states and Washington D.C., and the trend is continuing Most occasional smokers are adults age 18-25 who say they smoke only with friends who smoke Less likely to try to quit Still vulnerable to dependence and addiction

Young Users Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 66 All states ban the sale of tobacco to anyone under the age of 18 but At least 500 million packs of cigarettes and 26 million containers of chewing tobacco are consumed by minors each year In 2004, about 5% of 13-year old Americans said they had used tobacco products in the last month Among high school students, about 23% smoke at least occasionally 14% smoke cigars 8% use spit tobacco (male college and professional baseball players have even higher rates)

Habitual Users Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 67 Men and women with other drug-abuse problems frequently use tobacco Studies show that roughly 80% of alcoholics and 90% of heroin addicts are heavy smokers Smoking is also more prevalent among people with mental disorders 40% of people with major depression, social phobias, generalized anxiety disorders and 80% of people with schizophrenia are smokers

68 Tobacco Use Among Middle and High School Students

Effects of Smoking Behavior Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 69 Smokers who inhale bring the substances into their bodies and keep them there. In 1 year a typical pack-a-day smoker takes 50,000 70,000 puffs. Inhaling deeply, smoking to down to the short butts, puffing more frequently will all increase effects of smoking.

Smoking and Pregnancy Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 70 Estimated 4600 infant deaths in the U.S. Miscarriage, premature birth, low birth weight, long term impairments in growth and intellectual development Possible higher risks of getting cancer 11% of pregnant women smoke 14% of female smokers quit while pregnant

Cost of Tobacco Use to Society Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 71 Health care costs exceed $75 billion per year. Lost productivity from sickness, disability, and premature death makes it closer to $157 Billion per year. 1998 Master Settlement Agreement (MSA) Tobacco companies have to pay $206 billion over 25 years Many of the provisions designed to limit youth exposure and access

What Can Be Done? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 72 Local laws State and Federal laws FDA EPA International Action Marketing efforts and restrictions Private sector Individual Action Controlling the tobacco companies

What about quitting? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 73 More than 80% of adult smokers believe tobacco will shorten their life and would like to quit. Each year roughly 40% of smokers quit for at least a day, but 9 out of 10 of them are smoking again within a year. Although 60-80% of people who attend stop-smoking clinics are able to quit, three-quarters of them start smoking again within 1 year. Quitting for smokeless users is even harder, in one study 1 out of 4 spit tobacco users who participated in a tobacco- cessation clinic was able to stop for more than 4 hours.

Quitting Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 74 Since 1964 - 50% of all adults who have smoked have quit. Benefits of quitting Giving up smoking provides immediate health benefits to men and women of all ages.

Benefits of Quitting 75 Within 20 minutes Blood pressure and pulse drops to normal Temperature of hands and feet increases to normal 8 hours Carbon monoxide level in blood drops to normal Oxygen level in blood increases to normal 24 hours Chance of heart attack decreases 48 hours Nerve endings start to regrow Ability to smell and taste is enhanced 2-3 months Circulation improves Walking becomes easier Lung function increases up to 30% 1-9 months Coughing, sinus congestion, fatigue, and shortness of breath all decrease 1 year Heart disease death rate is half that of a smoker 5 years Stroke risk drops nearly to the risk of nonsmokers 10 years Lung cancer death rate drops to 50% of that of continuing smokers Incidence of other cancers decreases Risk of ulcers decrease 15 years Risk of lung cancer is about 25% of that of continuing smokers Risks of heart disease and death are close to those for nonsmokers

Anti-Smoking Advertisement Reflection Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 76 How do these advertisements make you feel? Anthem Ad Terrie's Ad updated Terries Ad Jessica's Asthma Ad Buerger's Disease Ad Would these videos help make you quit smoking or prevent you from ever experimenting with tobacco? Would you show these videos to family/friends who smoke? What is your opinion towards tobacco after watching these videos?

MTV True Life Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 77 I Cant Breathe Pam Laffin has emphysema Pam is 28 years old during the filming of this video She died at the age of 31 of emphysema

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