to gaze implies more than to look at it signifies a psychological relationship
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to Gaze implies more than to look at it signifies a psychological relationship. Several key forms of gaze can be identified the spectator’s gaze : the gaze of the viewer at an image of a person - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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to Gaze implies more than to look at
it signifies a psychological relationship
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Several key forms of gaze can be identified
• the spectator’s gaze: the gaze of the viewer at an image of a person
• the intra-diegetic gaze: a gaze of one depicted person at another (or at an animal or an object) within the world of the image
• the direct address to the viewer: the gaze of a person depicted in the image looking ‘out of the frame’ as if at the viewer
• the look of the camera - the way that the camera itself appears to look at the people; less metaphorically, the gaze of the photographer.
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In addition, there are several other types of gaze which are less often
mentioned:
•the gaze of a bystander - outside the world of the image, the gaze of another individual watching the spectator in the act of viewing. Have you ever watched someone in a museum?
• the averted gaze - a depicted person’s noticeable avoidance of the gaze of another, or of the camera lens or artist (and thus of the viewer) - this may involve looking up, looking down or looking away
• the gaze of an audience within the text - certain kinds of popular televisual texts (such as game shows) often include shots of an audience watching those performing in the 'text within a text';
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It is useful to note how directly a depicted person gazes out of the frame. A number of authors have explored this issue in relation to advertisements in particular.
In his study of women’s magazine advertisements, Trevor Millum distinguished between these forms of attention:
•attention directed towards other people; •attention directed to an object;•attention directed to oneself; •attention directed to the reader/camera; •attention directed into middle distance, as in a state of reverie; •direction or object of attention not discernible.
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Julia Margaret Cameron
Charles Darwin
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For I am the Queen Mother
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Sadness
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Mountain Nymph
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The Echo
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Alice
Boughton
Untitled
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Unidentified
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Unidentified
A Chat
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Palmer
Instructor with Three Graduates with Diplomas and Geraniums
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Southworth and Hawes
Woman in Floral Bonnet and Zig-Zag Dress
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A Conversation Piece
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E.J. Bellocq
Storyville Portrait
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Storyville Portrait
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Bill Brandt
Portrait of a Young Girl
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Harry Callahan
Eleanor
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Eleanor
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Emmet Gowin Ruth and Edith
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Nanc
y
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Edith
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Edith
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Nadar
Self-Portrait
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Woman in profile
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Sarah Bernhardt
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The Photographer’s
Wife
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Irving Penn
Tennessee Williams
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Three Rissani Women
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Richard Avedon
Marilyn Monroe
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Beekeeper
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Uranium Miner
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You are not simply taking a portrait. You are studying the way you look
at your subject, the way your subject is looking back, and the relationship you are establishing
between the viewer and that subject.