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^ s

V s NAVORD REPORT 2262

EFFECT OF LOADING VARIABLES ON THE BURNING

CHARACTERISTICS OF DELAY POWDERS

Y 19 December 1951

U. S. NAVAL ORDNANCE LABORATORY WHITE OAK, MARYLAND

SECURITY INFORMATION

^JTAA Hinf

EFFECT OF LOADING VARIABLES ON THE BURNING CHARACTERISTICS OF DELAY F'OWDSRS

Prepared by

E. E. Elzufon

. ■

jSBSTllACTt A study has fcaen made of the effect of loading variables and cbturation on the burning characteristics of delay powders consisting of manganese, barium chrornate and lead chrornate. The effects of increment size., quantity of igniter used; inside diameter of the delay body^ type of loading ram and loading pressure were investigated« Recommended limits for the loading variables are presented. The maximum increment size and also the perriiissible increment size variation decrease with a decrease in bqcfy diameter. The increment size in 1203 IhD« delay bodies was varied between 200 and 700 mg without an appreciable effect on the burning rate. The amount of igniter charge can affect the burning characteristics of the delays0 Fifty, thirty, twenty, end twenty mgs of igniter are recommended for delays having internal diameters of S203, 'Jljjö, yi25, and S109 respectively. The smaller the diameter of the delay body, the more difficult it is to obtain sustained burning of the slow burning compositicns. Although the slowest mixture («08 inch/sec) burned satisfactorily at -65^ in ?203 diameter bodies, the mixture failed to burn in B15>6 diameter bodieso Loading pressures between 21,200 psi and 38,800 psi were found to have a negligible effect on the burning rate of the delay powder« Obturated delaj^s were found to have a burning rate approximately 30%, higher than vented delays. It is concluded that the burning characteristics of the compositions studied are primarily a function of the formulation, Tho loading variables will not appreciably affect the burning time of the delay provrlding they are held within the recommended limits.

TJ. S. NAVAL ORDNANCE LAEORATORI WHITE OAK, MARYLAND

,-Sü:ZriBM^rAL

CONFUJENTUI

mvam Report 2262 19 December 1951

This Report outlines the results of a study of one phase of the project. Development of Gasless Fuze Powder (N0L-Re2e-10l;»2)- The investigation was made to determine the affect of varying the loading parameters on the burning characteristics of manganese, lead chromate and barium chromate delay powders; and to recommend limits within which they could be varied without adversely affecting the burning characteristics« The results of this investigation arc intended for the use of the Maval Ordnance Laboratory and should be of interest to other activities engaged in developing pyro- technic delayso

References

(c) IIAVORD Report 1773* The Development of Mixing Procedures for Gasless Fuze Powders., 22 Jan 19?1

* (b) IIAVORD Report 181k, A Method of Protecting Metal Powders from Deterioration, 18 Apr 19^1

W. G« SCHIHDm Rear Admiral, USN Comroarider

S. W, BOOTH By direction

^ ii

^ CONFIDENTIAL \

CONFIDENTIAL NAVOHD Report 2262

ccmsms Page

Introduction. * ...», 1 Procedure •• 1 Imsramoat Size Steadies 2 Miniintmi Igniter Studies 3 Body Diamet3r Studies 3 Effect of Different Rams. • h Effect of Yarying Loading Pressures U. Effect of Obturation on Burning Hate h Reconansndations $ Conclusions f. • « $

ILLUSTRATIONS

P&ge Tablo I Chemical Compositions and Burning Times (at 77°?)

of the Mixtures Used in These Studies. 6 Tabln II Burning Times and Column Heights of Delays Loaded

With D-7 in Varying Increment Siaes in „203»» Bodies. . . 7 Tabls HI D-7 Loaded in .203" Bodies 8 Tabla IV F»2 Loaded in „156" Bodies 10 Table 7 M-2 Loaded in ,156« Bodies 11 Table VI S»2 Loaded in ,156" Bodies 12 Table ViT X-2 Loaded in ,1^6" Bodies 13 Table VIII Mixture F~2 Loaded in .125" Bodies , , lU Table IX Mixture M-2 Loaded in .125" Bodies 1«? Table X Mixture F-2 Loaded in .109" Mam. Bodies 16 Table XI Mixture M-2 Loaded in .109" Bodies 17 Table XII Results of Minimum Igniter Studies in '1203 Bodies. ... 18 Table XIII Burning Times and Column Heights as a Function of

Different Rams for all Mixtures Loaded in ?203 Diameter Bodies. ...,,, ......... 19

Table XIV Burning Characteristics as a Function of Body IöD« ... 20 Table XV Effect of Loading Pressure on Packed Density and

Burning Rate of Delay Ponders. 21 Table XVI Burning Times of Sealed Bodies « 22 Table XVII Recommended Limits for Loading Variables 23

Plates 1-2$

iii CONFIDENTIAL

COKFIDENTIAL HAVOED Bßport 2262

JEKTECT CF LOADING VARIABLES ON THS BUENINÖ CHABACISaiSTICS OF DELAY POWDIEBB

.

1

IHXBOIX70TION

le A pyrotechnio daisy powder composed ot sansanes«« lead chroaate, and liarltm chromata, le at present belog considered for use in a variety of orinance devicesc In the design of the required Aelay elements, knowledge of the affect of various loading variables on the behavior of this powder is required» A study therefore has been made of the effect of the follow» ins variables on delay behaviort

a« increment size in loading

bo size of Igniter charge

o» body diameter

do type of ram

So loading pressure

fe venting and obturation

Procedure

2» In making these studies, a variety of mixtures was used. All ware prepared in three pound batches according to the procedure outlined in reference (a), using Mn pre treated according to reference (b), methods f and go The burning times and the ooapositlons of the mixtures investigated are listed in Sable I»

3« These inveetications included both ventod and obturated delays. The delay bodies, procedure for loading the compositions in the bodies and the delay assemblies are shown in KLates 1 through 3« The delay columns in all oases were loaded at 30*000 pel except when delays were prepared to investi« gate the affect of loading pressures» In loading bodies using the cone ram, the Igniter and the adjoining increments at both ends of the delay powder were pressed togethere In flat ram loadings all increments Including the igniter were pressed separately.

Ho She firing Jig for the delays is shown in Plates 6 and 7«» 3he delays were timed using the method outllnod in reference (b). Tented bodies were initiated with Dupont 5=67 elootrio squibs» A base charge of about 13 mg of blade powder was used in the vantad delays« The completely obturated delays were initiated with a low energy electric initiator that contains 3 mg of lead styphnate. The base charge in this case was a sawkeless powder pellet or a 70 mg black powder pellet«

C0N7IDSNTIAL

JJ

CONFIDENTIAL NAVORD Report 2262

$, Col.6 tests were ran in a terapsrature controlled rocwi at temperatures varyini; from -70° to ..60oF, The firing jig heated up to about -££9F maxirauxi during the firing runs.. High temperature tests were run in a small box with temperatures varying from ♦l^0 to 170^. The temperatures of the firing Jig were not taken during these runs-

Xncrement Size Studies

6. üi an effort to determine the effect the increment size of the delay powder has on the burning time of these delays, the following tests were carried out. D-7 mixture was loaded in 8203 diameter bodies, in increment sizes as indicated in Table II. These were fired at room temperatura and the burning times recorded in Table II and plotted In Plate 8. The results of thir: test indicate that increment size affects both ths height of the delay column and the resulting burning time for a given weight of delay powder* However, Plate 8 indicates that within these limits the burning times In seconds per unit length of delay column is constant regardless of . the increment size used.

7. A more thorough stucty was then made of the effect of increment size on delay turning times and column heights in ^202 bodies. The data taken are shown in Table HI and plotted in Plates 9, 10 and 11. Burning time and column height data indicate that if increment size variations are kept within reasonable limits the effect on the burning characteristics of the delay will be negüdgible. For ?203 bodies it is recommended that delay powder increment sizes be kept between 200 and 700 mg. Burning times of delays loaded as recommended may be considered directly proportional to column height and both in turri proportional to the weight of delay powder used provided that the diameter of the column and the loading pressure are held constant.

8. Mixtures F2, M2, S2 and X2 were loaded in Vl$6 bodies with increment sizes varying from 100 to 300 mg. These delays were fired and timed and the results recorded in Tables IV, V, VI and VII. These results were plotted on Plate 12. Results indicate that for these mixtures varying the increment sizes from 100 to 300 does not affect the burning times of the delay. It is recommended that for i'l56 bodies increment sizes be kept in this rsnge«

9. Mixtures P2 and M2 wre loaded in 1125 bodies in 75» l&s and 2?0 mg increments. These delays were fired and times recorded in Tables VIII and IX and plotted in Plate 13. In mixture M2 the 2^0 mg increments gavs shorter burning times than would be expected. This seems to result from delay powder getting between the ram and the walls of the delay boc^y, there- by causing excess wall friction and reducing the effective loading pressure. It is therefore recommended that in i'125 bodies increment sizes larger than 150 mg be avoided.

10. In a similar manner the data listed in Tables X and XI, and plotted in Plate lit, show that for a »109 body, increment size of the order of 200 ing produced faster burning rates than expected. It is recommended that in 71.09 bodies increment sizes not exceed 12$ mg«

2 CONFIDSNTIAL

r

COKTIDEN'ilAL NAVCHD Report 2262

U» Tho foregoing indicates that the optimum increment size for production loading of delay columnE should be selected not only with an eye towards getting the smallest number of increments but also towards getting an increment size that is small enough to eliminate the probability of loading irregular- ities due to excessive wall frictiono

MLnimuni Igniter Studies

12«. In order to determine the minimum amount of igniter powder, which would reliably ignite these delay powders at all temperaturesa a slow burning mixture with a specific burning time of over lIuO seconds per inch was used. These delays were loaded in »'203 bodies using the raws shown in Plate If? and the methods illustrated in Plate 16.

13o Th« results of this study (see Table XII) indicate that regardless of the loading procedure used, 20 mg of F33B igniter will give ignition at IT0?* However;, at »öf^F 20 mg xn.ll give ignition only with flat ram loadingo However., $0 mg did provide ignition in all delays et all temperatures-

3i» It is recommended tliat in loading delays in 2203 bodies a minimum of fjO mg of igniter be used. In cold box tests of smaller diameter delays (see Tat>les III through X) smaller charges of igniter were used and found to be satisfactory. The following charges ars therefore recommended as minimum for all diameters?

'1203 50 Big nze 30 mg 5125 20 mg i'lC? 20 rag

Body Diaiseter Studies

15« At times, because of space limitations, it becomes desirable to decrease the size of the delay body to a minimum. In the design of a delay column it is important to know what burning area is required to provide sufficient heat for the self-burning propagation of the delay column. For this reason, studies were mace to atteiapt to relate the burning characteristics of the delay column with burning rate of the comoosition, diameter of the burning area and the temperature. Delay bodies having internal diameters of .203, ol5>6, »125 and • «109 inchejs were used in these studies. The delay bodies were loaded with compositions that had burning rates in the order of 0.36 to 0,08 inches per second at roan temperatures. Burning rates were calculated graphically fTosn Plates 12, 13, lii and IP. The results of these tests are shown in Table XIV. The height of delay column, weight of delay powder used and delay column diameter have the relationships shown in Plates 21, 22, 23 for all the mixtures used,

16. The delays were tested at room temperature (77°? and «65°?)« Mixture F2 which hss a burning rate of approximately 0.35 inches per second bums satisfactorily in all diameters at all temperatures» Mixturs H2 with a burning rate of approximately Odl inches per second burns satisfactorily in all bodies at 77 r but produced duds when burned in 'olSi? and t*109 bodies at -65°?.

3 CONFIDESIIAZ.

« _.,,.

V

CONFWEmiäL m&OBD Report 2262

Kiacfeurc S2 with a burning rate of approxisnatalj'- 0o09 inches par second burns J itisfaetorüly at all ter3pex*ature3 in "203 and i'l^ö bodies but failed to bum in "12^ or i'lO? bodies, Mixt-ure X2i the slowest mixtture used in this study at a burning rate of 0e08 inches per second burned at al3, temperatures in "203 bodies, but only at room temparaturej in l'lSJö bodies*

17 o The above restilts indicate that there esdsts a relationship between buami-nf r-ate^ column diameter and ability to sustain burning at various toinperc.tures. The quantitative detarraination of this relationship was beyond the scope of this task»

Effect of Different Rams

IB, Ix: the ignition of some types of pyrotechnic mixtures a cone or stepped ram is used to Increase the ignition area. However, loading with a cone ram is more; difficult than with a flat ram due to the tendency of the composition to adhere to the surface of the cone. In order to determine whether a cone ram is necessary for the reliable ignition of this type of delay column, & study was made using two different rams as illustrated in Plate 1$ and loaded as prei-iously mentioned in Plate 16. Table XII indicates that there is no significant difference in ignition due to the different rams used. However, a cone ran shortens the effective column length of the delay train thereby giving reduced total burning times. Data given in Table XIH and plotted in Plates l?j, 18^ 19, and 20 illustrate this point.

Effect of Varying Loading Pressures

19« Iri order to determine the effect of the loading pressure on the burning charaoi>eristics of the delay column, the following test was conducted: Delay columns 9203 in diameter were loaded with ^0 rag of F33B at the primer end, 30 jag of F33B at the base end, and three increments of 350 mg of M2. Five bodies cf each were loaded at varying pretssures as shown in Table XVe These data indicate that loading pressures between 21,200 psi and 38,800 psi have a negligible effect on the burning rates of these powders» The main loadini; pressure of 30^000 psi was varied * 29oli% resulting in burning time changes: of * 3o5^» burning rate changes of*"* ,,08£, and variations of packed column heigHts of 4 2o^« Thua for loading'prossures in this range (30,000 psi) the effect of changing the loading pressures would be negligible if these variances are kept within * 5$«

Effect of Cfotttration on Burning Rats

20o In the design of delay elements the question of relative behavior of vented and obturated delay's arises. In order to get information regarding the ef •,ect of obturation on the burning rate of the delay the tests describsd below were conducted. Bodies shown in Plate k ware leaded and assembled as indicated in Plate $ for these tests. All loading was done with flat rams. The ovfsr-all length of these bodies was 15790 ♦ c005, providing a space of approximately 02910 for the delay coltirfflu TwoTsaries of bodiea were loaded for this test as follows t (1) Series A was loaded with 5?0 mg of ?33B at the primer end. Varying rmmunts of delsy powder mixture Kl were used and any cavity remaining at the base end was filled with F33B powder,, (2) Series B was loaded with varying amount;; of mixture Ml and 30 mg of F33B at the base end am, any cavity remaining at the primer end was filled with F33B.

h CONFIDENTIAL

OOmTDESTXiL MAVCRD Report 2262

. 21o Euming tines are given in Table XVT and the results are plotted in Plate 2ho In Plate 2h burning times are plotted against the column length

4 of the delaj train« The slope of line A indicates that without an excess of igniter at the primer end a burning time of 6o5'0 seconds per inch is obtained at room temperature,, This comoares with a burning time in S203 vented bodies for Ml of about 9a20 seconds per inch at room temperature•. Therefore, the obturated delays tested burned approximately at a $0% higher rate than the vented delays. In obturated delays the effect of excess igniter at the primer end is greater than in vented delays. line B in Plate 2h illustrates that with excess igniter the burning time is not necessarily a linear function of column length. Therefore obturated burning rates greater than 30% above vented burning rates can be expected if excess igniter is used,,

Recommendations

22» It is recommended that loading variables be kept within the limits specified in Table XVII. It is further recommended that flat rams be used in all loadings of these delay powers. It is further recommended that vented delays be used whenever possible in the design of fuze trains.

CONCLUSION «

23«. The burning characteristics of loaded Mfci-PbCrOm-BaCs^ delay powders are a function primarily of the formulatLon. It is not feasible to

> appreciably change the burning rates of delays by varying the loading parameters, Plate 2f? indicates that for different mixtures there is a linear relationship between specific burning time in inches per second and the burn- ing time for delays loaded in the same manner.

s CONFIDEIITIAL

CO?JFIDEWTIAL WAVOPD Report 2262

TABL^ I

Chemical Compositions and Burning Tines (at 77°?) of the Mixtures Used in ühese Studies

Composition (weight f^)

Mixture Designation FJ3

U3.2

PbCr0j; BaCrOi,

Fpeclfle Burning time sec. per inch

F-2 52.3 k.S 3.0

F-l U3o8 53«2 3.0 3.2

M-2 33 oU 37o6 29*0 8.6

M-l 3^-0 liOoO 25*0 9 »2

D-7 3lt.3 37.2 28e? 9,8

S-2 31.U 3U.6 3li.O ruo X-2 29.8 32.2 38.0 12.1i

X-l 31.lt 3U,6 3U.0 12.7

V

COTJPZDgHTIAl

CONFIDENTIAL NAVOSD Report 2262

• TABLE II

Burning Times and. Column Heights of Belays Loaded With D-7 in Varying Increment Sizes in ,203'* Bodies

(Igniters 50 mg F33B Primer F.nd, 30 mg F33B Bass End, Flat Ram)

T

7 CONFIDENTIAL

Delay Charge Total. Weight

2 of 700

Symbol on Column mm o7Ql

Burning I4a9.

, 5o65 uoo mg

n n '■

ft676 5o47

n A of 350 '■' •650 5o39

n n o047 5o24

i* » »646 5o37

n 7 of 200 .622 4o96

« n »638 5ol3

n n o633 4o91

700 mg 1 Of 700 o360 2o77

i* it o36l 2o72

«» 2 of 350 o342 2o66

t» » c.350 2o77

n 4. of 175 <.3a 2p71

n n o343 2,68

w n O340 2o77

>t ■

3 of 200 »340 2o67

n 1 of 100 »330 20 59

n n »340 2„56

CONFIDENTIAL NAVORD Report 2262

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COSFZDBNTZAI mVOKD Report 226?

TABLE XII

Results of Minimum Ignitsr Studies in „203"Bodies

Amount Room Temperature (77*^) Type of 70 '50—Itr 2Ü W

Loading Igniter rag rag rag mg mg

Cold Box (-65*^) -^ö W 20"

mg rag rag

Cane vsp

Cone down

Flat rsxyi

+ + + +

+ + + +

+ + + +

+

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+

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0 Duds

+ Satisfactory Ignition

17 CONFIDSNTIAL

**m

CONFIDETNTTAL WAVORD Report 2262

rttxturo

TABLE XIII

Burning Times and Column Heights as a Function of Different Rams for all Mixtures Loaded in .303«Diameter Radios

(Ign:i.-&ei-F33B<»100 ng rrimdr End, 70 rag Base End, Cone Ram)

F-2 M-2 S-2 X»2 fit, fin.)

Time (Sec.)

Htn (In»)

Timis (Sec.)

Ht. (In„)

Time' (See«)

Htn

■' fa*}. TinKj

(Sec«) No« Increment

(350 mg)

1

2 «383 1»02 .107 2o68 ch26 3 »39 *l3h 3»86

3 .516 loliO .570 hM .581 ho97 S9S 5o92

It

5 .769 2.03 .869 6 „60 »501* 8.$U .916 9o%

(lgniter-F33B-50 rag Primer End, 30 mg Base End, Flat Ram)

(350 mg)

1

2 .312 l.OO .319 2.79 o359 3.61 .31*2 1*.25

3 .100* lo36 .U97 li.10 .516 5.3h .527 6.16

h ■

5 .711 2.10 o792 6,62 .836 8.79 .81*5 10.10

38 CONFIDENTIAL

COKFIDENmL IttVCRD Report 226?

TABLE XIV

Btirning Characteristics as a Function of Body I»Do

Mixture Diameter

in»

Cross Section Area in»

Room Temperature Burning Burning

Time Rats (sec/in) (in/sec)

Burning- f Room

Teraporatura -65°?

F-2 »203 „0305 3«00 0o33 B B

\ M cl?6 <.0192 2o80 0o36 B B

\ H „12? „0123 2o50 OoUO B B

■

1» «109 .0093 2o80 0,36 B B

M«2 o203 »0305 806O 0.116 B B

• R «156 0 0192 8o80 o.nu B B

f3 »12? o0123 9J.0 0,110 B F

■ n ol09 «0093 B F

S-5 o203 .,0305 10« 90 .092 B B

u ol56 o0192 HoOO »091 B B

IS ol25 o0123 F F

n „109 o0093 F F

X-2 o203 o0305 12.UO o081 B B

n ol55 o0192 B F

w ol25 o0123 F F

n ol09 .0095 F F

«B ■ Burned Satisfactorily

«F a Failed to Bum

19 COIFIDENTIAL

CONFIDENTIAL TJAVORD Report 226g

TABLE XV

Effect of Loading Pressure on Packed Density and Burning Hate of Delay Powder's

(o203'! Bodies^ K-2 I^ixture, Flat Ham 3 Increments of 350 rig 50 ♦ 30 rag of F33B)

Dial Reading Pressure

Average Coltum Height (inches)

Average Burning Tins

(seiconds)

Average Burning Rate

(inches/second)

29 21,200 «518 ;4ol8 ,12li

35 25,600 . ,511 h*lh 012li

ia 30,000 o505 hoCh ol25

hi 32;,n00 ah9S h*oo «12U

53 38,800 oh92 3.91 »126

20 CONFIDEHTIAI,

CONFIDENTXAL NAVCRD Report 2262

• TABLE X7I

Shot Series

Buraing Timss of

P33B Weight Primer Delay Knd Potrder

Sealed Bodias

F33B Baso End

Delay« Coluirm Length (inches)

Burning Time

(Seconds)

1 A * B 50 0 UUOO c050 „20

50 0 HiOO «050 ,21

50 0 ihoo »050 a22

2 A 5o 350 1200 0I90 1,17

3 A 50 700 950 »350 2,10

50 700 950 .350 2313

h A 50 1050 700 *h95 3ol7

50 1050 700 0uS>5 3,00

5 A 50 1200 580 ,560 3o59

50 1200 580 .560 3,60

6 A 50 HiOO U50 .6U5 hoik

7 A 5o 1750 200 o795 5om

50 1750 200 .795 5ol5

8 A 4 B 50 2100 30 M 60 n

5o 2100 30 *%$ 6,07

50 2100 30 o9hS 6o06

2a B 1200 350 30 ,190 .93

3a B 700 1050 30 0^95 2,38

700 1050 30 »U95 2Jili

7a E 250 I75O 30 »795 U,3l*

250 175C 30 .795 U,l|l

*Belay ColTOin Length « Length for Delay Powder 4 Length for 80 mg F33B (50 T'riraer End 30 Bet. End)

21 COWIDEKTIAI.

f CONFTDENTIAJ, NAVORD Report 2262

n U

i 00

E

I <*■■<

«a

I»

e > c Sf i •>rt

1-4 •D ^

g

K «3

t u a c

8 8 8 «r» an

g S 8 .H

«~>

in

«0

üiTv

o o W ^

o o IT» o o sr» %0 >^\ sv (H

8o »A

«^ HI s

«D M

<»H OT c ^ o s äs »*• o «n Ä •O M O m i? «V H

(y O <P4 IT*

CONFIDMTIAL

CONFUEVTIAL NAVCRD REPORT 2262

PLATE 1

VENTED BOQZXS

NOTE NO.2

UJ i- o

MOTE 1 - OVERALL LBNOTHS VAHX ACCORDISO TO SIZE OF rSLAY COLUMN

NOTE 2 - HOLE REAMED AS FOLLOWSt

NORMAL BODT SIZE

HOLE DIMENSIOM

o«10^-0.000

0.125-0.000

_ --.,*0.001 0.1S6-0.000

o.203t8:88J

MATERIAL VARIED AS FOLLOWSt

ft - BRASS b - COPPER

ö - STAINLESS STEEL

CONFIEENTIAL

CONFIDENTIAL NA70RD REPORT 2262

1-INCREMBNT DELAY

2-INCREMBNT

^INCREMENT

PLATE 2 LOADINQ PROCEDURE

VENTED BODIES, CONE RAM

A-5 BLACK POWDER, 30,000 PSI, FLAT RAM. BASE IGNITER, MACH.PRESS 30,000 PSI, FLAT RAM.

EELAY, 1-INCREMENT, HAND PRESSED, CONE RAM.

F-3>B PRIMER END, HAND PRESSED, CONE HAM.

A-5 BLACK POWDER, 30,000 PSI, FLAT RAM. BASE IQNITER, MACH.PRESS 30,000 PSI,

FLAT RAM. 2ND DELAY INCREMENT, HAND PRESS, CORE RAM.

1ST IKLAY INCRHffiNT, MACK. PRESS 30,000 PSI CONE RAM.

IQNITER PRIMER END, HAND PRESS, CONE RAM; „

A-5 BLACK POWDER, 30,000 PSI, FLAT,RAM. BASE IQNITER, 30,000 PSI MACH.PRESS, FLAT RAM. LAST DELAY INCREMENT, HAND PRESS, CONE RAM.

2ND OSLAY INCREMENT, MACH. PRESS 30,000 PSI, CONE RAM. 1ST EELAY INCRBENT, MACH.PRESS 30,000 PSI, CONE RAM.

PRIMER END IQNITER, HAND PRESS, CONE RAM

AS NUMBER OP DELAY INCHEMHJTS INCREASE, LOADINQ IS DNCHANQED. (ALL ADDITIONAL ÖELAY INCREMENTS MACHINE PRESSED AT 30,000 PSI, AND LAST INCREMENT HAND PRESSED BEFORE BEING PRESSED TOQETHER WITH BASE IQNITER).

CONFIDENTIAL

CONFIDENTIAL NA70RD REPORT 2262

PLATK 3

LOAIHNa PROCEDURE VENTED BODIES, FLAT RAN

A-5 BLACK POVIDER

BASE IQNITER ,

> EELAY INCRBfENTS

PRIMER IQNITER

ALL INCREMENTS, REGARDLESS OF NUMBER, IQNITER, nSLAI OR A-5 BLACK POWDER PRESSED SKPARATELI WITH FLAT RAM AT 30,000 PSI

CONFIDENTIAL

I

COMFinBHTIAL HA70RD RKPOS? 2262

PLATE h BOUT FOR SEALED EKLAT TESTS

MATERIAL: STAINLESS STEEL

CONFinENTlAL

CONFIEHJTIAL NAVORD REPORT 2262

PLATE 5 SEALED DELAY ASSEMBLY

DBLAI CAP SK-31352U

SEAUHQ DISK SK-313526

BASE CHARQE, 70 MQ BLACK POWDER OR SM P. PELLET

DBLAI COLUMN, LOAEBD THE SAME AS VENTED BODIES, PLATES 3 AND U.

DBLAI BODY SK-313S23

WASHER SK-125290

LOW ENERQI INITIATOR SK-303920

CONFIDENTIAL

COHFiDENTIAL MAVQRD RBPOHT 2262

5 s

COMEEDENTIAL

COKFIDENTIAL »A70RD BEPORT 2262

C»HFIDHmAL

COHFIDENTIAL WAVOBD fiSPOHT 2262

(SOHOOas) fflHI

CO^FIDHITIAL

ocmrxuBnuL MATOBD HtPOHT 2262

pune 9

BDRMZNa ma - rs - cotaar unrom TOR atjamuw D-7 MIXTQRI

0.203" BOOT, Com HAN loo JD r33B Rtsan HTO

70 m W3B BAS8 WD

22

20

X liSO HO INCRBBITS * ago m VKsmatTs & 350 MB ZMCSBOXTS

■ A -65» F, 150 Mt INCRKHENTS A +1600 F, 350 NO IVCRBSHTS

^

18

16

lh

12

10

^»o, 350, 150 m

BOOM tÄP (77° F)

0^" 1.0 1.2 con»« laran, (IHan5s)

2.0

CONntWTIAI,

1.9

1.8 18

1.6 16

LU Hi

1.2 12

9 i.o gio i 8

0.8 8

0.6 6

0.1» lj

0.2 a

OONFIDBWTIAL NAVOHD REPORT 2262

PLATE 10 BÜRNIKO TIME & COLUMN LENOTH VS

NUMBER OP INCREMENTS DELAI (D-7) (350 NO INCROODfTS)

1» "T ¥ INCREMENTS OF D-T (350 MO/lNCRE)

CONFIDENTIAL

CONFIDENTIAL NAVORD REPORT 2262

PLATE 11 BURNING TIME AND COLUMN HEIOHT

FOR 250 MO AND IJSO MO INCREMENTS (STANDARD D-7 MIX. )

0.203 DIAM CONE RAM 100 MO F33B PRIMER END

70 MO F33B BASE END

ra

~ 10.0

I

S

6 8 10 12 NUMBER OF INCREMENTS OF IW

CONFIDENTIAL

CCHPIDBITIAL tiAVÖRD RLPORT 22.^2

PLATE 12 BURNING TIMB vs CöLÖMH HEIGHT

0,156" BODIES, I^LAT RAK

ALL FIEED AT EOCK TU-iPf-KATUIiL IGNITLH: 30 mg FKB Lit END

12.0

* 100 mg INCREKINTS • 200 rag mCKHlEMTS 0 300 rag DJOREMENTS

2o mg BASE LHD

0.2 "ÖJT 0.6 COLUMN HEIGHT (INS,)

0.8 1.0

CONFIDSNTIAL

CONFIDENTIiL

NAV'CRD REPCET 2262

PLATE 13 . URNINÜ TIKE vs CCLUIin HEIGHT

•

i

10.0

VENTED 0.125" BODIES • 75 ng INOREHLNTS o 150 rag INCPJillENTS X 250 rug INCRHiLNTS

IGNITERS 20 rag PRIMER EKD 12 mg BABE END FLAT RAM

"oTCö ö3ö" COLUMN HEIGHT (INS.)

1.00

CONFIDENTIAL

txafFWSMtUl WAVORD liH'ÜnT 2262

20 mg PRBiLB LND 12 mg BASE END FLAT um

0.2U o.li.o o.6ü C0LIÄ-1K HEIGHT (INS.)

o.öo 1.00

: GONFIDEKTIAL

COmDEHTIAL NAVORD REPORT 2262

PUTS 15

DIMENSIOHS OF RAMS

1 - PUT RAM

BOEÖf TO BE LOADED

0.203"

0.156"

0.125"

0.109"

DIMENSIONS B

0.175

A

0.201

0.15U

0.12li

0.106

0.135

0.110

0.090

-~^4^

2 ~ COMB RAM

CONE RAM USED OMLT IN 0.203" DIAMETER BODI

FDR FULL DETAILS OF RAMS SEEt

NOL-SK-313190

SK-313188

D

At 0.002

Bt0.00<£

A (SANE AS FLAT)

B (SAME AS FLAT)

0,060^0,001

0.030i0.001

CONFIDENTIAL

CONFiaDfTIAL BAVOSII REPORT 2262

PLATE 16

Hwnm IQKITSR snmas

com UP r 33B

DKLAI POWDER

CONE DOW

^ ^^^

FLAT RAM

CONFIDENTIAL

CONFIDENTIAL

HAVORD RtPORT 2262

PLATE 17 i \JZbi*jLiM -I 1 Mi'il t VS *■,UrUJi^i V-A xivU'ii.i.;-* ^■li J. iwJ

(LOAU.D /.ITH 50 mg F33l> PRIMER END AJJD 30 ras F33B BASh H-IE USING FIAT RAK.)

0.203" -OJJILS

50 mg INCRH-li NTS

CONFIDENTIAL

COf.FiDE.VTIAL ftAVOÜD REPORT 2262

PUTE 18

3TJif\T!Va TIME Vü PfUHBER OF INCREKENTS (LOADED WITH 100 MG F333 PRIMEH 2ND

LOADED WITH 7J »3 F33B BASE END LOADED ÜSIIW CONE HAM.)

0.20J" BODIES

.

H f-

O H

I

Xi

, ■

10 > »

/

• S >

3 X / O y X

MIXTÜRE X- -2 k 6

- / '■/

/

- /

r

/ y^

MIXT'.F/ TT < S *s ^r

b

s^ MIXTCfRE 8-2

/ / Vy^

? ^

/ ■

jt ̂y ^- >

j A -—'

— MIXTUr tE F-2

N ) J 1 > S i 5

CONrlDEKTiAL

CONFIÜEMTIAL

NAVORD REPCRT 2262

PLATE 19 BÜRIJINQ TB-iE vs CXLUMN HEIGHT

12,0

10.0

8.0

1

H 6.0 EH

er

pq

U.o

BURKING TH.L OF I0NITKR

0,05'

0.2

FLAT RAM - 0.203" BODIES 350 mg INCEEMEOTS 50 mg F33B PRIKEREKD 30 mg F33B BAÖS EKD

//

i-:i XTURE X-2/

y

r IXTUBE 0-2A ^X /

1 yfii/Tov E K-2

^

X ^

.A p- MIXTÜRE F-2

o.L. 0,6

.OLKli HEIGHT (INS.) 0.3 1.0

CONFIDEI^TIAL

OONFIDENTIAL üAVOhü hKl ORT 2262

PLATE 20

BUHNING TIME VS CüLWS HEIOHT CONE RAM LOADING LK 0.203" BODIES, 350 Mtf INCREMENTS

100 MG F33B PKIMEH END 70 MO F33B BASH; SND

10. Q

.o r o o Id CO

y p-.

p

BUHMINI TIME ü I0NITEH 0,21

i 0^

0.11 COLUMN HSTOHT

OP IQNITER

U^l OTT COLT^N HEI 3HT IK INCHI

CONFIDEaNTIÄL

'I

1.0

CONFIDENTIAL NAVCRD REPORT 2262

b

m g

i C\J

■3

H

w

a,

SaHONI

CONFIDENTIAI.

1.1

3.2

w 0.6 g

El j.ii

o i

CONr,IDE?.,fIAL fAVOftD REPORT 2262

PLATE 22

HEIGHT OF DELAY :OLlrr:v 75 WET/HT DELAY

0.156" BODY ca.^R

0.1, 0.6 0,8

IJEIJHT OF ^nLAY P^ADEH IN 1HAMS INCLITOO 30 MG F,3JB PKliffiR END

AND 20 KO F33D BASE SN^, FLAT RAM.

ÜNFIDENTIAL

/&

"'A ► o

\A V Jv-2

vA Y\ A

1.0

/

CONFIDENTIAL NAVORD REPORT 2262

&

e M

N ^W CM

sv

pq

\ ^s. o X L

' MM

"' Q OJ 3 2 eQ r-l b

8 g EH

S3

%

N^v o s w ^ cgSw Vl J: N \ x

so © >. V ̂

V ^

\

s 8S 33

o r4

to vO ^^ • • • o o o

(sraoNi) iHoiaH

CO

o

CONFIDENTIAL

CCWFID^NTIAL NA/üfiD RFJ ORT 2262

R 0

7.0

6.0 co P

fe, 3»o o w

1.0

PUT"; 2k

BUKNINQ TIME OF DELAl Vij SIMULATBTl COLUMN LBMQTHS IN OBTURATED ^v^i. USING MIXTUitE H-l

-0

, ,> //

f • y y

/

t. /

f^ s

,/

/ -^B

s

> ^

i 0 .0,10 3,20 0.30 0.U3 0.S0 0.60 J.-70 0,80 O.yO 1.00

SIMULATED COLUMN LSMOTHS (INCHES) ■A EXCESS IQ!»ITF,R BASK END, B EXCESS lehNITER PEIMF/fi ENT»

CONFinENTIAL

oOHFIDEKTIAL i*

NAVOfiD RKPÜRT 22^'

I

.1.:hr .«--

>*

m.c PLATE 25 RELATION BETWLEW ß{«ttf

AND "A" DELAY TIKES FCR V/

1.0 2.0 3.0 ' U.O ^CT

"A" DELAY TIWE (SECC A DELAY = 100 rag F33B + THREE 350 mg Lj'

C01«?IDENTIA1

■

nan