tlib808c - carry out inspection of trailers - learner guide

TLIB808C Carry

out inspection of

trailers Learner Guide

Contents

What this Learner’s Guide is about ........................................ 3

Planning your learning ........................................................... 4

How you will be assessed ...................................................... 6

Section 1............................................................................................. 7

Carry out a daily trailer inspection check and service basic trailer components.................................................................. 7

Section 2........................................................................................... 23

Clean your vehicle and trailer............................................... 23

Additional resources....................................................................... 54

Assessment tasks ................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Feedback on activities .................................................................... 56

Training record information ................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Assessment checklist and record sheetsError! Bookmark not defined. Training record sheet ............. Error! Bookmark not defined.

TLIB807C Carry out inspection of trailers

Page 2 © Australian National Training Authority 2003 ADELG

TDT B8 97B Carry out inspection of trailers

© Australian National Training Authority 2003 Page 3

What this Learner’s Guide is about

This Learner’s Guide is about the skills and knowledge required to carry out an inspection of a commercial trailer, including action to implement the trailer manufacturer's specifications for routine checks, to clean the trailer and to ensure that all specified safety requirements are met and that the trailer is operational to the requirements of both the workplace and the relevant state/territory roads and traffic authority.

The Elements of Competency from the unit TDT B8 97B Carry out inspection of trailers covered in this Learner’s Guide are listed below.

Check the trailer

Clean trailer

Complete documentation

This unit of competency is from the Transport and Distribution Training Package (TDT02).



Planning your learning

It is important to plan your learning before you start because you may already have some of the knowledge and skills that are covered in this Learner’s Guide. This might be because:

• you have been working in the industry for some time, and/or

• you have already completed training in this area.

Together with your supervisor or trainer use the checklists on the following pages to help you plan your study program. Your answers to the questions in the checklist will help you work out which sections of this Learner’s Guide you need to complete.

This Learner’s Guide is written with the idea that learning is made more relevant when you, the learner, are actually working in the industry. This means that you will have people within the enterprise who can show you things, discuss how things are done and answer any questions you have. Also you can practise what you learn and see how what you learn is applied in the enterprise.

If you are working through this Learner’s Guide and have not yet found a job in the industry, you will need to talk to your trainer about doing work experience or working and learning in some sort of simulated workplace.



Section 1: Carry out a daily trailer inspection check and service basic trailer components

Are you able to: Yes No 1. perform a daily trailer inspections?

2. inspect and lubricate the turntable and king pin on a commercial vehicle trailer and dolly?

3. carry out a lubrication service to a commercial vehicle trailer and dolly?

4. couple and uncouple a trailer?

5. complete necessary reports and records required by management?

Section 2: Clean your vehicle and trailer

Are you able to: Yes No 1. explain requirements for legal cleaning

area?

2. clean your vehicle and trailer?

3. maintain cleaning equipment?

4. store cleaning equipment?

5. explain safety features of trailer wash operation?

6. maintain cleaning equipment?



How you will be assessed

Assessment of this Unit of Competency will include observation of real or simulated work processes using workplace procedures and questioning on underpinning knowledge and skills. It must be demonstrated in an actual or simulated work situation under supervision.

You will be required to:

• inspect and service trailer

• check trailer suspension.



Section 1

Carry out a daily trailer inspection check and service basic trailer components



Section outline

Areas covered in this section

Driver’s daily maintenance

Daily trailer inspection

Trailer and dolly lubrication



Drivers daily trailer maintenance

Like all other areas of operation in the transport industry you are expected to work within the Occupational Health and Safety regulations (this is covered in detail in Follow Occupational Health and Safety procedures). These require organisations to provide, and individuals to work in, a safe and healthy environment. In summary, the objectives of Commonwealth, and state/territory OHS legislation are:

• to secure the health, safety and welfare of persons at work

• to eliminate, at their source, risks to health, safety and welfare of persons at work

• to protect the public against risks to health and safety arising out of, or in connection with, the activities of persons at work

• to involve employees and employers in issues affecting occupational health, safety and welfare

• to encourage registered associations to take a constructive role in promoting improvements in occupational health, safety and welfare practices, and assisting employers and employees to achieve a healthier and safer working environment.

Individuals in the workplace must be provided with and use the necessary training and safety items to carry out their tasks with minimum risk to themselves and others.

While carrying out maintenance, individuals are exposed to ‘hazards’. This is something that has ‘the potential to cause injury, death or damage’. An example of this would be working under a raised trailer off its wheels. This is an act that has the ‘potential to cause injury, death or damage’.



Daily trailer inspection

With a daily trailer inspection you should check:

• cleanliness of trailer

• lights, reflectors and signs:

− ensure that all are working including brakes, tail, turn and side lights

− check condition and cleanliness of all lights, reflectors and signs

• air tanks:

− drain twice per day in humid conditions

• spare wheel security

• brake operations:

− lines and connections

− backing plates, seals and cylinders

• body components security

• tyres:

− inflation

− conditions

• wheels (rim) nuts, studs and cleat security:

− no bent or damaged rims

− no grease or oil leaks

− wheel bearing movement

• wheel hubs and axles

• chassis for cracks in high stress areas

• spring hangers and rocker boxes

• trailer and dolly lubrication

• turntable and king pin lubrication and adjustment

• trailer lean and road height

• air leaks in brakes or suspension.



Activity 1: What are some of the hazards you may encounter in trailer cleaning and maintenance?

Can you think of some examples of hazards and risks when carrying out trailer cleaning and maintenance?

There is feedback on this activity at the back of this Learner’s Guide.



Activity 2: What would you do if trailer lights were not working?

What would you do if you found that trailer lights were not working?




Coupling and uncoupling semi-trailer

Coupling and uncoupling a prime mover and semi-trailer is a task which can lead to serious accidents, injury and trailer/prime mover damage if not performed correctly.

Uncoupling (dropping off) a semi-trailer:

• trailer must be parked on a level, firm surface, which is firm enough to support the trailer landing gear and its load (if loaded)

• prime mover and trailer are parked in a straight line

• apply prime-mover park brakes

• chock the trailer wheels:

− chocks should not be necessary on trailers fitted with spring brakes (maxi brakes) but are a sensible precaution and should be used if available

− if parked on a grade, always use chocks. It is best to chock the semi-trailer’s front axle in case the landing legs collapse and the rear axle(s) lift

• if you have to park on a soft ground surface:

− place suitably strong timber or other flat supports beneath the landing gear (the landing gear is likely to sink into loose dirt, mud, gravel and hot bitumen)

• lower the landing gear until the supports are firmly in contact with the ground or other supports

• continue to wind, and as you do so, the rear of the prime mover will rise on its suspension as the semi-trailer weight is transferred to the landing gear

• stop winding when the prime mover ceases to rise or you can just see air between the trailer skid plate and the turn table

• disconnect the air hoses and electrical cable from the trailer:

− stow these properly on the prime mover making sure that the connectors are kept free of dust and water and they cannot become caught up in the tailshaft

• release the turntable jaws:

− if the release handle cannot be moved, the jaws may be under load. Take the pressure off by gently rocking the prime mover forward and back and then try to release again



• separation:

− double check that the trailer brake hoses and electrical cable are disconnected and stowed. Then release the prime mover parking brake, select first gear and slowly drive forward in a straight line making sure the trailer stays put, if the front of the trailer starts to go down and the turntable comes up at the front as you are moving forward, stop. Check to make sure the landing gear is not sinking into the ground or the trailer has not been raised enough. If either of these two problems are the cause, reverse under and repack landing gear or raise it higher before separating again.

• drive clear of trailer:

− when clear of the trailer have a visual check to make sure it is stable and safe.

Never walk under the front of a trailer unless it is supported by the prime mover or some other safe method.



Activity 3: Why check the ground surface before uncoupling your trailer?

Why would you check the ground surface prior to uncoupling your trailer?




Coupling (picking up) a semi-trailer • position the prime mover:

− reverse the prime mover into position straight in front of the trailer

− the prime mover and trailer should be in a straight line when coupling

− reversing under a trailer from an angle can push the trailer sideways which could damage or collapse the landing gear

− use mirrors to help you line up on the trailer, stop the trailer just in front and apply the park brakes

• inspect the coupling:

− check the trailer skid plate, king pin, turntable and jaws for damage

− make sure the turntable jaws are open

− if the trailer has a block welded to the skid plate about 30 cm to the rear of the kingpin, make sure the turntable is the type that turns and is unlocked

− if the trailer has no block behind the kingpin then the turntable must be locked up (cannot turn) and the top plate well greased

• immobilise the trailer:

− place chocks behind at leased one wheel. If the trailer is equipped with spring brakes (maxi brakes), then chocks are not required

• trailer height

− check that turntable and king pin are lined up; check that the height of the trailer skid plate is slightly lower than the centre of the turntable (about 5 cm is ideal) when the turntable plate is angled correctly

− the ideal position is when the trailer skid plate will touch the turntable plate just below its pivot pin

− if the trailer is too high or too low, adjust height by raising or lowering the landing legs, whichever is necessary

− if the trailer is too low the prime mover chassis or edge of the turntable can hit the trailer front instead of going under; if too high the turntable may not properly latch onto the king pin or the turntable could even pass beneath the king pin allowing the trailer to hit the prime mover cabin

− connect airlines if trailer is not fitted with spring brakes



• couple up:

− slowly reverse the prime mover under the trailer until the turntable jaws lock around the kingpin; you should hear (and possible feel) this as the jaws close and lock into place; carry out a tug test

• visual check that the trailer is locked on:

− get out and check that the turntable release lever is in the locked position, that the jaws have locked around the kingpin

− make sure that the head of the pin is not sitting on top of the jaws

− check to make sure there is enough clearance between the landing legs and rear of prime mover to turn

• connect hoses and light plug:

− connect the air hoses and the electrical cables making sure they are properly supported to avoid damage

• activate the trailer brakes:

− American and some Japanese prime movers require you to supply air to the trailer brakes by switching the tractor protection valve from ‘emergency’ to ‘normal’; apply and release the trailer brakes to check their operation; you should hear the air release and linkage operate

− if not, switch trailer brake hose connections and try again; if still not, see if the prime mover has manual shut off valves on its trailer brake plumbing; check vehicle manufacturer’s manual

− check for air leaks

• raise the landing gear:

− raise the landing until it is fully up; make sure the handle is properly stowed; remove all wheel chocks and stow

• give the trailer another tug test:

− with the trailer brakes on and the prime mover brakes off, select first gear and gently drive forward; this test will prove two things:

1. The trailer is coupled to the prime mover.

2. The trailer brakes are connected correctly.

• release trailer brakes and drive forward a few metres

• check all lights:

− check all lights to make sure they are clean and all working.



Activity 4: What safety checks should you carry out?

What could happen if you back into the trailer from the side?

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Why shouldn’t you back into a trailer without first making sure it will stay put?

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Why should you check the trailer height before attempting to couple up?

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Which of the following answers is incorrect? Tick your answer.

Uncoupling a trailer on a hill should be avoided

All turntables need to be locked when the semi-trailer skid plate has a block behind the kingpin

Prime mover and trailer should be lined up straight before coupling

It is best to chock the wheels on the front axle when uncoupling a trailer

Which of the following answers is correct? Tick your answer.

The last thing to do after the trailer is properly coupled is to: • connect the air lines • perform the tug test • release the turntable jaws • raise the landing gear.




Trailer and dolly lubrication

Lubricate the following components:

• landing legs (gears)

• landing legs (inners)

• tow coupling

• slack adjusters

• brake camshaft bearings

• axle hubs (if applicable)

• any other grease nipples.



Activity 5: Lubricate your trailer coupling equipment?

Demonstrate to your trainer, trailer and dolly, turntable and king pin lubrication. Ask your trainer for feedback on your performance.



Section 2

Clean your vehicle and trailer



Section outline

Areas covered in this section


Maintenance of cleaning equipment

Storage of cleaning equipment



Clean your vehicle/trailer

Why is it important to have a clean vehicle/trailer?

Having a clean vehicle/trailer is important for many reasons ranging from vehicle/trailer safety to a better public image. A clean vehicle/trailer will:

• improve company's image or your own image as the owner of that vehicle/trailer

• promotes company/owner image because it allows the public/client to clearly see the company/owner name on the vehicle/trailer

• improves safety because the vehicle is free from rubbish, dirt and obstructions

• increases the life and improves the condition of the vehicle/trailer, dirt and chemicals can cause rust or damage to fittings and surfaces’ seals.



Activity 6: Describe how a clean vehicle plays an important part in your company

In what way does having a clean vehicle improve safety?

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How does dirt and grime reduce the life of equipment?

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How do you maintain the painted surfaces on your vehicle/trailer?

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What can happen if your company has a low company image?

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Why should you care about your company image?

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Legislative requirements for cleaning area

By law, companies must have a special area where vehicles/trailers are cleaned, so that pollutants do not flow into storm-water drains.

The area for cleaning vehicles/trailers must:

• have a roof to stop storm water flooding the separator pit

• be surrounded by a concrete border high enough to prevent spilling of contaminated water

• have a separator pit for separating:

− oil

− petrol

− diesel

− detergent

− other pollutants

• have a power supply for the use of cleaning equipment such as:

− vacuum cleaners

− steam cleaners

− high pressure cleaners

• have a water supply which may consist of hot and cold water

• be safely located so that the cleaning of vehicle/trailer does not get in the way of other company operations.



Activity 7: Safety features with car wash operation

Why does a separator pit help to protect the environment?

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Why is it important for the cleaning area to be away from other work activities?

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What special precautions must you take when using electrical equipment, for example a vacuum cleaner in a wet area?

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Why is the combination of water and electricity dangerous?

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Use the check list to make certain your cleaning area meets the legal requirements for vehicle/trailer cleaning area.

Cleaning area check list

Does your area have? Yes No

a roof to stop flooding by stormwater

a concrete border to stop spillage and overflow

a separator pit to trap polluted water

a convenient water supply

a safe access to power for cleaning equipment

a cleaning area safely located away from other work activities.

If your answer to all of these questions is yes then you have a vehicle washing area which meets the legal requirements for washing vehicles/trailers.

Before you start cleaning your vehicle/trailer you need to make sure that the vehicle/trailer is parked securely.

Ask your trainer to help you park the vehicle/trailer in the designated cleaning area.

Put the handbrake on to make sure the vehicle/trailer cannot move if it is accidentally knocked. If the vehicle is equipped with a Bowden cable always leave the Bowden cable stop control out when the vehicle is parked.




Activity 8: Special requirements in vehicle cleaning

Does your company have any special requirements or conditions for vehicle/trailer cleaning:

Yes No

If Yes, list these requirements.

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List five important things you need to do before you start to clean your vehicle/trailer.

1. ___________________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________

3. ___________________________________________________

4. ___________________________________________________

5. ___________________________________________________

What could happen if you wash or clean your vehicle/trailer in an area that is not meant to be used for cleaning vehicle/trailer?

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What could happen if you do not park your vehicle/trailer properly?

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Equipment and materials used in vehicle/trailer cleaning

A wide range of equipment and materials can be used to assist with the task of vehicle/trailer cleaning. Some examples are:

• protective clothing

• bucket, brooms, brushes and squeegee

• chamois rags and dusters

• steam cleaning/pressure cleaner

• ladder and steps

• vacuum cleaner and power source

• water hose and water source

• various cleaning agents that are recommended by the manufacturer of your vehicle/trailer and will not damage or harm the vehicle/trailer's surfaces.



Activity 9: What items would you use to help you clean your vehicle and trailer?

List the items that you would use to help you clean your vehicle/trailer.

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Storage of cleaning equipment and materials

Cleaning equipment and materials should be stored in a clearly marked area. This is necessary so that:

• everybody knows where they found

• cleaning equipment and materials do not become physical hazards

• cleaning agents, chemicals and sharp instruments are kept out of the way.

The area should be safe to move around in so that removing and returning cleaning equipment and materials is safe and easy. Storage areas should be made safe by the use of:

• tool racks

• cabinets

• sheds

• indoor and outdoor areas for easy access.

Storage areas should include operating manuals for all cleaning materials and machinery/equipment held in the store.

Documents for recording the use of the cleaning materials and any spare parts must be filled in or checked each time you use the equipment in that area.

The safe and proper storage of equipment and the use of materials storage facilities is called good housekeeping.

Housekeeping can be identified as the process used by organisations to maintain a safe, clean and tidy workplace. Poor performance in this area will result in inefficiencies leading to a drop in productivity and safety.

This function is directly linked to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) regulations which must be followed under federal and state/territory law.



Activity 10: Identify equipment and materials storage facilities

Identify appropriate housekeeping equipment and materials storage facilities in your workplace. Look at the list of cleaning equipment and identify the storage used for each item. Add other cleaning items that may be missing from the list.

Do this task with the help of your trainer.

The storage required for the first item on the list has been completed as an example.

Cleaning item Storage

Brooms or Brushes Stored in cleaners cupboard or hang from a rack

Steam or pressure cleaner

Water hose

Rags and dusters

Ladders or steps

Cleaning agents such as chemicals




Safe handling of cleaning equipment and materials

Some of the materials used in cleaning are dangerous if they are not handled or used properly. In some cases specific training may be needed before you can operate the mechanical equipment or use hazardous cleaning substances.

Cleaning machinery/equipment

To safely use or operate cleaning machinery/equipment you should:

• read the instructions on how to use the cleaning machinery/equipment

• check the equipment to make sure it is in good condition

• make sure the electrical switches are not broken or damaged

• electrical cords are not frayed, guards are fitted, etc.

• ask your trainer to show you how to use the equipment if you have never used it before

• obey all safety signs in your work area.

Cleaning products

To safely use cleaning products you should:

• read the warning labels and instructions for use

• know what to do if an accident happens

• ask your trainer to show you how to use cleaning products if you have never used them before

• obey all safety signs in the work area.



Activity 11: What cleaning equipment do you use in your company?

What cleaning equipment is used in your company?

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Write down what you need to do to use it safely.

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Name a cleaning product that is used in your company.

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Write down what you need to do to use it safely.

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What cleaning equipment and materials do you use that can be dangerous if not used properly? For example industrial vacuum cleaner

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In what way could this equipment and materials be dangerous?

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Maintenance of cleaning equipment

Electrical equipment needs regular servicing to keep it in good working order.

Equipment used in cleaning such as steam cleaners, vacuum cleaners etc. can be dangerous if they are not maintained in good condition and serviced regularly.

Manufacturers of electrical equipment will have a suggested maintenance schedule for the equipment they make.

An equipment maintenance check list has been included in the following activities.

Complete the checklist with the assistance of your trainer.



Activity 12: Maintain cleaning equipment

Why is the maintenance of cleaning equipment necessary?

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What can happen if cleaning equipment is in poor condition?

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How can a company make sure that equipment is properly maintained at the recommended service times?

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List two pieces of equipment that are used for cleaning in your work place. What do you need to do before and after using that equipment to keep it in good condition.

Equipment: ___________________________________________

Maintenance method: ___________________________________

Equipment: ___________________________________________

Maintenance method: ___________________________________



Use the following checklist to help you inspect that piece of equipment for damage and wear.

Electrical equipment safety checklist

Tool/equipment:

Housekeeping job:

Date:

Check Yes No

frayed?

showing exposed wires?

showing burns?

in a knot or kinked?

Is the lead (cable):

damaged in any way?

showing bent pins?

showing burn marks?

wet or damp?

Is the plug:

damaged in any way?

overheating or smelling burnt? Is the tool/equipment:

showing any signs of damage? (e.g.; cracked casing, damaged switch)

WARNING!! If you answered yes to any of these questions, do not use the tool/equipment. Follow your workplace reporting procedure.




Cleaning your vehicle and trailer

When you are cleaning your vehicle/trailer it is a good idea to do it in a logical and systematic order. The most effective and time saving way to clean your vehicle/trailer is in the following order:

• clean the inside of the vehicle

• clean the outside of the vehicle

• clean trailer

• check vehicle/trailer.

Clean the inside of your vehicle in the following order: • check prior to opening vehicle doors

• remove rubbish and dispose in appropriate place

• stow all equipment such as:

− passenger reading material

− safety information

− invoice books and other stationery

− breakdown equipment

− First Aid chests, dangerous goods

− safety equipment required by law

− videos, music cassettes and CDs.

• sweep/vacuum and dispose of waste

• clean seats, dash board, steering wheel, instrument panel, mats, operating levers, pedals (with a cleaning agent) and replace seat protectors (where applicable)

• clean all interior glass surfaces with approved cleaning agent

• close all windows, door and air vents to prevent dust and water from entering the clean interior

• fill water containers for passenger requirements

• check that pillows and blankets are clean and stowed correctly.



Activity 13: What items do you need to stow before washing your vehicle?

List four items of equipment that you will need to stow when cleaning the inside of a vehicle.

1. ___________________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________

3. ___________________________________________________

4. ___________________________________________________

What should you do prior to applying cleansing agent to any vehicle surface?

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List four items that require cleaning with a cleansing agent.

1. ___________________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________

3. ___________________________________________________

4. ___________________________________________________

Why is it necessary to close all windows and air vents before cleaning outside of vehicle?

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Clean the outside of the vehicle

Wash exterior with hose in order to remove excess dirt, dust, mud pockets. As paint surfaces can be severely marked by grit particles, washing assists to remove mud and grime from surfaces. Wash the vehicle sides, top and underneath.

Wash exterior with hose and brush/broom to remove road grime. Apply cleansing agent to water (i.e. detergent, car wash liquid) according to company policy and manufacturer's recommendation.

Hose exterior of vehicle to remove detergent and chemicals. Chamois dry exterior of vehicle to give a smear free finish. Clean glass and chrome with approved cleaning agent.

Clean trailer

Prior to cleaning trailer you should check that all lashing equipment and tools are properly stowed.

Trailer should be first tidied by:

• removing rubbish from trailer

• disposing of rubbish in appropriate place

• sweeping trailer.

Clean trailer systematically:

• hose off trailer (top, sides and underneath)

• clean with broom and brush

• apply cleansing agent to water and wash trailer (top, sides and underneath)

• hose off trailer and dry.

Check vehicle/trailer

Examine vehicle and re-check the following:

• mirror placement for vision

• windscreen

• washers and wipers

• safety check that brakes are working (If you do not know how to do this ask your trainer to show you how; you should always check a vehicles brakes after cleaning the vehicle).



Maintaining vehicle/trailer cleaning area

It is important that you maintain a clean safe working area. The tasks you need to attend to are:

• clean area of responsibility

• waste removal

• scheduling

• equipment maintenance

• returning and storage of equipment and material

• continuous monitoring to maintain workplace standards

• regular inspection.



Activity 14: Safety first in the workplace

How could accidents be caused by each of the following examples of poor housekeeping?

Examples: • rubbish, dunnage, surplus lashing equipment and old ropes left

in cleaning area

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____________________________________________________ • grease and oil spills in car wash area.

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____________________________________________________ • electrical leads trailing across car wash area

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____________________________________________________ • overflowing rubbish bins

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____________________________________________________ • badly maintained equipment

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____________________________________________________ • chemicals and cleaning agents not stored after use.

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Waste removal

When carrying out waste removal, the important things you need to consider are:

• risk from chemical spills

• contamination

• removal of materials used to absorb spillage's, etc (these need to be treated under the same rules as the original product)

• to manage waste properly you need to apply the following principles:

− reduce

− re-use

− recover

− segregate

− organise specialised removal (if required)

− apply hazardous waste removal regulations and code of practice.

Chemicals in the workplace

More than 2,000 people die each year in Australia because of exposure to chemicals in the workplace. We use chemicals everywhere in our homes as well as at work. They can be in the form of solids, liquids or gases. The only way to work with them safely is to know the right way to use them.

Some people become careless. With many chemicals the damage to health doesn't happen straight away but over time. The effects of the chemical build up in their bodies can cause sickness such as cancer. Don't let this happen to you!

Safety tip

The only safe way to use chemicals is to know what the dangers are with each chemical and follow the procedure or rules for safe handling every time you use them.

Cleaning rags and dusters that can be reused should be separated for cleaning. Polluted rags are separated to avoid any possibility of reaction from other chemically polluted rags - these are stored in appropriate waste containers. You should arrange for specialised removal in accordance with company and regulatory requirements.



Activity 15: Clean your vehicle and trailer


Stages Steps Activity completed 1. Park vehicle/trailer • shut down engine

• hand brake on • gear lever in neutral • check safety factors:

the area is clear of obstacles all equipment is stowed

correctly the vehicle/trailer is not

parked in the way of other workplace operations

vehicle/trailer parked in designated washing area

• obstructions, personal and distance: loose refuse, pallets, loading

materials all cleared from the washing area

check all equipment for faulty electrical switches or cables.

2. Locate cleaning equipment

• in line with company requirements.

3. Clean interior of your vehicle

• safety check before opening vehicle door

• remove rubbish and dispose of in appropriate place

• check all equipment is appropriately stowed

• sweep/vacuum and dispose of waste in appropriate place

• check and clean passenger rest room facilities



Stages Steps Activity completed • clean interior with cleaning

agent: seats instrument panel steering wheel dashboard instruments mats pedals switches

• replace seat protectors • clean all interior glass with

approved cleaning agent • close all windows, doors and air

vents • fill water containers for

passenger requirements • replace soap, hand towels and

toilet rolls • check pillows and blankets are

clean and stowed correctly.




Stages Steps Activity completed 4. Check cleaning

equipment • check safety factors • check hose and water tap for

damage and supply • turn on water supply • adjust water pressure

appropriate to task.

5. Clean outside of the vehicle

• wash: roof right front left front centre front rear.

6. Clean roof of vehicle

• hose roof of vehicle • clean with broom/brush • hose roof until clean.

7. Clean right front of vehicle

• hose outside right front • window, mirror, door, step,

wheel bay, rim, and wheel guard/mudflap

• clean with broom/brush • hose until clean.

8. Clean left front of vehicle

• repeat steps of stage 7.

9. Clean centre front of vehicle

• hose outside of centre front • windscreen, windscreen wipers,

bonnet, grill, numberplate, safety signs and lights


10. Clean rear of vehicle

• hose rear of vehicle • rear window • clean with broom/brush • hose until clean.




Stages Steps Activity completed 11. Apply cleansing

agent to outside of vehicle

• read safety precautions for cleansing agent

• follow manufacturer's instructions

• use correct safety equipment • apply cleansing agent to:

roof of vehicle right front left front centre front rear

• replace cleansing agent in appropriate place.

12. Check trailer • locate in cleaning area • brake on • chocked (if necessary) • legs lowered.

13. Secure lashing equipment

• check all lashing equipment and tools are properly stowed.

14. Tidy trailer • remove rubbish from trailer • dispose of rubbish in appropriate

place • sweep trailer.

15. Clean trailer from left front to left rear

• hose trailer from left front to left rear

• chassis, wheels, rims, rear axle, mud flaps, wheel bays, combing rails, tool box, walls, curtains and straps, nose cone, and door


16. Clean trailer from right front to right rear

• repeat steps of stage 15.




Stages Steps Activity completed 17. Clean trailer

centre rear • repeat steps of stage 15,

including: cargo and safety signs lights number plates.

18. Apply cleansing agent to trailer

• apply safety factors as in stage 11

• apply cleansing agent to: left front and left rear right front and right rear centre rear as in stages 15, 16 and 17

• replace cleansing agent in appropriate place.

19. Final clean of vehicle/trailer

• hose clean • roof of vehicle

right front of vehicle left front of vehicle centre of vehicle rear of vehicle left front to left rear of trailer right front to right rear of

trailer.

20. Replace cleaning equipment

• to company requirements • to personal hygiene safety.

21. Return to vehicle • check • adequate mirror vision • windscreen clean • washers and wipers are

functioning • safety check brakes are

operating.

22. Observe OHS procedures

• observe and implement occupational health and safety practices, during completing all sub-tasks.



Additional resources



Paper based: • relevant learner’s handout, guidelines and reference materials, such as:

− The Australia Truck Driver’s Manual

− resources from manufacturer’s of cleaning equipment and products

− MSDS for chemicals used in workplace for cleaning

− vehicle manufacturer’s information supplied with vehicle/trailer • a range of trailers specific to training requirement

• spare parts required for relevant tasks

• a range of hand tools and equipment

• cleaning materials

• written assessment tasks, where required

• real or simulated road transport environment.



Feedback on activities

The responses provided in this section are suggested responses. Because every workplace is different, your responses may vary according to your specific workplace procedures, the equipment available and the nature of the business.



Activity 1: What are some of the hazards you may encounter in trailer cleaning and maintenance?

Some of the risks and hazards you may have thought of are:

Hazard Risk Moving heavy objects Muscular sprains and strains

Items with sharp or rough edges Cuts, abrasions and punctures

Hazardous substances, i.e. acids, alkalines, petroleum

Burns, poisoning, cancer

Dust and dirt Eye and ear damage, skin irritations

Noise Hearing damage

Working under heavy equipment Crushing, broken bones

Using poorly maintained or unfamiliar power tools

Electrocution, burns, injury from incorrect use

Poorly adjusted or damaged tools and equipment

Skinned and cut hands/infection or other injuries

Use of chemicals for cleaning Internal disorders, cancer, lung problems and infection of open wounds

Activity 2: What would you do if trailer lights were not working?

First check the globes, replace those that require replacing.

If this does not correct the problem check the electrical cable; if there appears to be no problem with this it may be necessary to contact your mechanic for assistance.

Activity 3: Why check the ground surface before uncoupling your trailer?

To prevent the landing gear sinking into the ground.



Activity 4: What safety checks should you carry out?

Backing under a trailer from the side can push the trailer sideways and damage or collapse the landing gear.

`Chasing’ a trailer which moves during coupling is a dangerous and irresponsible practice. Don’t do it.

If the trailer is too low the prime mover chassis or leading edge of the turntable can hit the trailer front instead of going under. If too high, the turntable can hit the front instead of going under. If too high, the turntable may not pass beneath the kingpin, or the turntable could even pass beneath the kingpin allowing the prime mover cab to hit the trailer.

Which of the following answers is incorrect? Tick your answer.

Uncoupling a trailer on a hill should be avoided

All turntables need to be locked when the semi-trailer skid plate has a block behind the kingpin

Prime mover and semi-trailer should be lined up straight before coupling

It is best to chock the wheels on the front axle when uncoupling a semi-trailer

Which of the following answers is correct? Tick your answer.

The last thing to do after the semi-trailer is properly coupled is to:

Connect the air lines

Perform the tug test

Release the turntable jaws

Raise the landing gear



Activity 6: Describe how a clean vehicle plays an important part in your company

A clean windscreen free of dirt smears and crushed insects allows your wipers to work more efficiently and gives the driver a much better view with reduced possibility of sun glare being compounded by dust particles.

Clean headlights, taillights, stoplights, indicator lights and clearance lights make your vehicle easier to see.

Cleaning dirt, mud and road grime from your truck and trailer makes it more visible to other motorists.

Dirt, grime and mud allows the build up of rust to commence, it also increase the likelihood of contamination of working components.

Highly technical components such as, fuel injector systems, onboard computers. Radios and communication systems (to name a few) can be seriously, affected by dirt and grime.

By regularly cleaning your vehicle with an approved car cleaning chemical and periodically polishing the paint work. You can protect the surface finish.

A low company image can have serious consequences on a companies ability to gain new business. This problem will accentuate with major companies working towards AS3902 and ISO9002 accreditation. These companies will prefer to do business with other As3902 and ISO9002 companies. Ask your trainer to explain these terms to you.

Maintaining a good company image and being a good employee lets your employer know that you care about your job and the company.



Activity 7: Safety features with car wash operation

A separator separates the water from all of the oils, greases and other road grime into a collection tank, reducing the risk of polluting our rivers and oceans.

This set up allows the car cleaning tasks to be carried out in a designated area that will not interfere with the other workplace operations.

Make certain that you do not allow electrical flex to dangle in or be in contact with wet areas, and that all electrical leads are in good condition and show no signs of wear or damage.

Check that all electrical equipment is earthed, and the source of the power is undamaged and safe to use.

Water is a good conductor of electricity.

Use the check list to make certain your cleaning area meets the legal requirements for vehicle/trailer cleaning area.

Cleaning area check list

Does your area have? Yes No

a roof to stop flooding by stormwater

a concrete border to stop spillage and overflow

a separator pit to trap polluted water

a convenient water supply

a safe access to power for cleaning equipment

a cleaning area safely located away from other work activities.

If your answer to all of these questions is yes then you have a vehicle washing area which meets the legal requirements for washing vehicles/trailers.



Activity 8: Special requirements in vehicle cleaning

(I) Check the car cleaning area for hazards.

(ii) Park and stabilise the vehicle.

(iii) Close all windows, doors and air vents to prevent dust and water entering the cleaned interior.

(iv) Remove all rubbish and dispose in appropriate place.

(v) Stow all loose equipment. • You and/or your company may be prosecuted. You will pollute

storm water drains, rivers and the ocean with grease, oil and road grime.

• If your vehicle overhangs the car wash area it may be hit by other vehicles. It may be in the way of other workplace activities.

• If your trailer is not parked and supported correctly it could accidentally tip forward or sideways.

Activity 10: Identify equipment and materials storage facilities

The storage required for the first item on the list has been completed as an example.


Brooms or brushes Stored in cleaners’ cupboard or hanging from a rack

Steam or pressure cleaner

Water hose

Rags and dusters

Ladders or steps




Cleaning agents such as chemicals

Activity 12: Maintain cleaning equipment

• to prevent damage or wear to the equipment that could be hazardous. Regular maintenance will extend the life of the equipment and lessen the chance of equipment failure or breakdown.

• equipment in poor condition could be hazardous to the user. • by maintaining an equipment service register that details the

equipment a schedule (usually based on manufacturer’s recommendations) for servicing periods.

List two pieces of equipment that are used for cleaning in your work place. What do you need to do before and after using that equipment to keep it in good condition? Equipment: ___________________________________________ Maintenance method: ___________________________________ Equipment: ___________________________________________ Maintenance method: ___________________________________

Activity 13: What items do you need to stow before washing your vehicle?

• Street directory and road maps • Invoice books and other stationery • Safety equipment required by law • Loading and lashing equipment • Thoroughly hose down the vehicle and remove all harmful road-

grime, dust or mud from the paint surfaces as this will scratch and mark the paintwork.

• Glass



• Steering wheel • Console area and instruments • Seats • Floor mats • To prevent water and dust entering the cleaned interior.

Activity 14: Safety first in the workplace

Examples:

a. Workers could trip over the rubbish and seriously injure themselves.

b. Someone could slip on these spills and seriously injure themselves.

c. Someone could be electrocuted.

d. Workers could trip over the rubbish and seriously injure themselves.

e. Could seriously injure someone.

f. Unstored chemicals can become a health hazard - they can be spilt and if washed down a drain they pollute the waterways. Toxic gases accidentally leaked into the air would pollute the air and could affect the health of many people in the community. Flammable liquids could explode and seriously injure workers or cause serious damage to property and may even cause death.

tlib808c - carry out inspection of trailers - learner guide

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daily trailer inspection

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