Upload File

title the development of atomic theory. early ideas democritus—greece 400 b.c. his idea: there...

  • Home
  • Documents
  • TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would
23
TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory

Upload: camilla-austin

Post on 29-Dec-2015

214 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

Report

Tags:

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

TITLE

The Development of Atomic Theory

Page 2: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

Early IdeasDemocritus—Greece 400 B.C.

His idea: There was a limit to how far

you could divide matter. You would eventually end up with a piece of matter that could not be cut. Called particles atoms--Greek

for “indivisible”

Page 3: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

His theory: all atoms are small hard particles made of a single material formed into different shapes and sizesalways moving, and that they form different materials by joining together

Page 4: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

Early Ideas• Aristotle--Greece 384-

322 B.C.– All matter was continuous,

that matter could be divided into smaller and smaller pieces forever —did not believe in atoms

– Opinion accepted for 2000 years

Page 5: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

John Dalton 1803

He performed many experiments to study how elements join together to form new substances.

He found that they combine in specific ratios and he supposed it was because the elements are made of atoms.

2000 Years Later

Page 6: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

His ideas: All matter is made of very small particles called atoms.

Atoms of one element are identical in size, mass, and properties; atoms of different elements differ in size, mass, and properties

Page 7: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

Atoms cannot be subdivided, created, or destroyed.

Atoms of different elements combine in simple whole-number ratios to form compounds.

Atoms are combined, separated, or rearranged in chemical reactions.

Page 8: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

J.J. Thomson 1897English chemist and physicist

discovered 1st subatomic particles

http://www.aip.org/history/electron/jjthomb.htm
Page 9: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

His theory:negatively charged particles called electrons and positively charged matter

created a model to describe the atom as a sphere filled with positive matter with negative particles mixed in

referred to it as the plum pudding model

Page 10: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

He proposed the atom was a sphere of positively charged material. Spread throughout the atom were the negatively charged electrons similar to plums in a pudding or chocolate chips in ice cream.

His ideas

Page 11: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

the atom was a sphere of positively charged material. Spread throughout the atom were the negatively charged electrons similar to plums in a pudding or chocolate chips in ice cream.

The Plum Pudding Model

Negatively charged

Positively charged

http://oi51.tinypic.com/9uncb9.jpg
Page 12: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

Ernest Rutherford1911

New Zealand physicist discovered the nucleus

Was a student of J.J. Thomson but disagreed with the “Plum Pudding Model”

Devised an experiment to investigate the structure of positive and negative charges in the atom.

Page 13: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

Gold Foil Experiment

Page 14: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

What did most of the particles shot at the gold foil do?

Most of the particles traveled straight through the gold foil

What was the surprising behavior of a few of the particles?

A few of the particles were deflected and some even bounced back

Page 15: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

His theory:

small, dense, positively charged particle present in nucleus called a proton

electrons travel around the nucleus, but their exact places cannot be described

Page 16: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

most of the matter of the atom is found in a very small part of the atom. This is called the nucleus of the atom. It is very tiny and extremely dense

Page 17: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

Niels Bohr 1913Danish physicist discovered energy levelsproposed that electrons

move in paths at certain distances around the nucleus.

Electrons can jump from a path on one level to a path on another level

Page 18: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

Bohr’s Model

Page 19: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

James Chadwick 1932

English physicist discovered neutrons

Page 20: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

His theoryneutrons have no electrical charge

neutrons have a mass nearly equal to the mass of a proton

unit of measurement for subatomic particles is the atomic mass unit (amu)

Page 21: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

Modern Theory Atoms are composed of three main Atoms are composed of three main

subatomic particles: electron, subatomic particles: electron, proton, and neutron. proton, and neutron.

Most of the mass of the atom is Most of the mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus of the concentrated in the nucleus of the atom. atom.

The protons and neutrons are The protons and neutrons are located within the nucleus while the located within the nucleus while the electrons exist outside of the electrons exist outside of the nucleus. nucleus.

21

Page 22: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

In In stable atomsstable atoms, the number of , the number of protons is equal to the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons. electrons.

The type of atom is determined by The type of atom is determined by the number of protons it has. the number of protons it has.

The number of protons in an atom is The number of protons in an atom is equal to the equal to the atomic number atomic number

The sum of the number of protons The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in a particular atom is and neutrons in a particular atom is called the called the atomic massatomic mass

Page 23: TITLE The Development of Atomic Theory. Early Ideas Democritus—Greece 400 B.C. His idea: There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

of... · But First, Democritus! Democritus was a Greek philosopher (470-380 B.C.) who is the father of modern atomic thought. He proposed that matter could NOT

Development of the Atomic Model. 400 B.C. – Democritus He thought atoms were “un-cuttable” Also atoms are hard small particles

Atomic Theory - North Bergen School District · But before all these guys there was Democritus Democritus was a Greek philosopher (470-380 B.C.) who is the father of modern atomic

Atomic Theory. Defining the Atom The Greek philosopher Democritus (460 B.C. – 370 B.C.) was among the first to suggest the existence of atoms (from the

Chapter Two The Atomic Theory of Matter Aristotle 400 B.C. - Democritus thought matter could not be divided indefinitely. 350 B.C - Aristotle modified

, who was from was the first person to use the term atom during B.C. Democritus defined the atom as being. opposed Democritus because believed that

Atomic Discovery Early Models of the Atom 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed the existence of fundamental particles of matter that were indivisible and indestructible

Atomic Theory. Democritus The Greek philosopher Democritus (460 B.C. – 370 B.C.) was among the first to suggest the existence of atoms (from the Greek

History of the Atomic Theory. Democritus Greek Philosopher 400 B.C. His theory: Matter could not be divided into smaller and smaller pieces forever,

Democritus 400 B.C. – His theory: thought matter could not be divided indefinitely There was a limit to how far you could divide matter. You would

Atomic Structure. Atomic Theory Democritus (460-370 B.C.) –Greek philosopher –Democritus proposed that the world is made up of empty space and tiny particles

Democritus Aristotle -400 B.C. - Coined the term “atom” -384-322 B.C. - Believed matter is continuous

Atoms Atoms are basic building blocks of matter. Democritus- developed the theory that atoms made all matter in 450 B.C

Atomic Theory Timeline 400 B.C. Democritus 350 B.C Aristotle 0 1743-1794 Lavoisier 1800 Dalton 1907 Millikan 1903 Rutherford 1900 Thomson 1913 Bohr

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Defining the Atom The Greek philosopher Democritus (460 B.C. – 370 B.C.) was among the first to suggest the existence of atoms

States of matter - Warsaw University of Technologyadam.mech.pw.edu.pl/~marzan/introduction_solids.pdf · Aristoteles (350 b.c) : Matter as continuous medium Democritus (400 b.c.)

Models of the Atom a Historical Perspective Aristotle Early Greek Theories 400 B.C. - Democritus thought matter could not be divided indefinitely. 350

History of Atomic Structure. Democritus Ancient Philosophy Who: Democritus When: 400 B.C. Where: Greece What: Democritus believed that matter was made

Atomic Structure. History 400 B.C. – Democritus proposed all matter was made up of small particles called atoms Atomic numbers were assigned to elements

Chapter 5: Atomic Structure & The Periodic Table Democritus– 4 th century B.C., teacher in Greece, first suggested the existence of atoms, lacked experimental

Development of Atomic Theory. Democritus GREECE around 400 b.c. Democritus said: –47 The material cause of all things that exist is the coming together

History of Atomic Theory Democritus –460-371 B.C. –ancient Greek philosopher –believed all matter consisted of extremely small particles that could not

Aristotle Early Greek Theories 440 B.C. - Democritus thought matter could not be divided indefinitely. He called nature’s basic particle the “atom”, from

Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter. PART 1 Democritus [400 B.C] Greek philosopher Hypothesized: Nature has a basic indivisible particle of which

Democritus (460-370 B.C)

Quantum Theory, Part 1. Development of the Atom History 400 B.C. LEUCIPPOS and DEMOCRITUS –Greek Philosophers –Everything that is tangible (able to be

“Atomic Structure -1” - Universitetet i oslofolk.uio.no/ravi/cutn/atomicphy/Atomic-Structure1.pdf · Defining the Atom The Greek philosopher Democritus (460 B.C. – 370 B.C.)

Chapter 4 “Atomic Structure”. Section 4.1 Defining the Atom Greek philosopher Democritus Greek philosopher Democritus (460 B.C. – 370 B.C.) suggested

Atomic Theory. History of Atomic Theory 400 B.C. The Greek philosopher Democritus proposed that matter is composed of relatively simple particles that

The Atom Chapter 3. From Idea to Theory Democritus, Greek philosopher, 400 B.C., introduced the concept of an atom, an ‘indivisible’ particle. Democritus,

The Atomic Model - madeonamac.com · Dalton Thomson Rutherford Bohr Chadwick Modern. But First, Democritus! Democritus was a Greek philosopher (470-380 B.C.) who is the father of

Development of Atomic Theory 400 B.C. -Democritus was first to use the word : atom atomos meaning “indivisible” Aristotle (famous philosopher) disputed

Atomic Theory Date. Democritus Date 460-370 B.C. Democritus was a philosopher; did no research He thought that everything was made up of tiny round things

Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its

Atoms and Their Structure History of the Atom n n Original idea (400 B.C.) came from Democritus, a Greek philosopher n n Democritus expressed the belief