7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

1/32

Chapter 5

Tissues

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

2/32

How is it all Connected?

Cells = basic unit of life

Cells come together to form TISSUES

TISSUES come together to form ORGANS

ORGANS come together to form SYSTEMS

SYSTEMS come together to form US.

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

3/32

So what is a TISSUE?

Layers or groups of SIMILAR cells with aCOMMON function.

Tissues are distinguished from each other because ofdifferences in size, organization, and function

Can you think of anything that would be considered

a TISSUE?

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

4/32

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Blooddroplets.JPG

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

5/32

MUSCULE TISSUE

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

6/32

SMOOTH TISSUE

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Illu_stomach.jpg

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

7/32

SMOOTH TISSUE

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

8/32

BONE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Illu_compact_spongy_bone.jpg

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

9/32

CARTILAGE

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

10/32

NERVOUS TISSUE

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

11/32

4 TYPES OF TISSUES

Epithelial Tissues:

Covers the bodys surface and organs.

Connective Tissues:

Tendons, ligaments, cartilage, blood, fat, bone Muscle Tissues:

Skeletal Muscles, heart, smooth muscle

Nervous Tissues:

Brain, spinal cord, nerves

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

12/32

EPITHELIAL TISSUES

So if Epithelial tissues are on the body surface andsurround the organs, then what do you think thistype of tissues function is?

Protection: Example?

Secretion: Example?

Absorption: Example?

Excretion: Example?

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

13/32

EPITHELIAL TISSUES

Where are they located?

Surface of the body

Cover the internal organs

Compose the glands

Distinguishing Characteristics?

No blood vessels. Why do you think?

Cells divide rapidly. Why is this good?

Cells are tightly packed. How does this help us?

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

14/32

EPITHELIAL TISSUES

Epithelial Tissues are classified by the shape oftheir cells.

There are 3 different epithelial tissue cell types

1. Squamous: flattened cells

2. Cuboidal: Cube-like cells

3. Columnar: Elongated

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

15/32

EPITHELIAL TISSUES

The arrangement of these cells varies.

There are two different ways to arrange EpithelialTissues

1.Simple: one layer of cells.

2.Stratified: two or more layers of cells.

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

16/32

Types of Epithelial Tissues

There are eight different types of Epithelial tissues.

When you refer to one type of Epithelial tissue youcall it an Epithelium (this is the singular spelling).

Example:Simple Squamous Epithelium What can you tell me about the name above based on

what you just learned?

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

17/32

Connective Tissues

**Comprise much of the body **The most abundant type of tissue by weight. 1. bind structures 2. provide support and protection 3. serve as a framework 4. fill spaces 5. store fat

6. produce blood cells 7. protect against infection 8. help repair tissue damage.

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

18/32

Major Connective Tissue Cell TYPES

1. Fixed cells: reside in the tissue for extended periodof time

Example: fibroblast = large star shaped p.152

2. Wandering Cells: appear in tissues temporarily inresponse to injury or infection.

Example: Mast cells = release histamine that dialatescapillaries = swelling and redness.

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

19/32

Categories of Connective Tissue

1. Loose Connective Tissue: binds the skin to themuscle tissue below

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

20/32

2. Adipose Tissue: = fat

These cells accumulate fat, they enlarge and theirnuclei is pushed to one side

When they become too abundant they crowd outother cell types and form adipose tissue

Found: between muscles, around kidneys, behindeyeballs, surface of the heart, and around joints.

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

21/32

Adipose tissue

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

22/32

3. Reticular connective tissue: provides theframework for some internal organs (spleen, liver,lymphatic organs.

They have collagen fibers

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

23/32

4. Dense Connective Tissue: tendons and ligaments

Very strong and can withstand pulling forces.

Binds body parts together

Has poor blood supply and is very slow to heal. This is why sprains, damage to tissue around joints,

takes considerable time to heal.

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

24/32

Dense Connective Tissue

P.158

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

25/32

5. Elastic Connective Tissue: found in theattachments between bones of the spinal column.

Very rare in the body but are found in large arteries

such as the aorta.

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

26/32

6. Cartilage: rigid, provides support, framework,attachments, provides a structural model for manydeveloping bones.

Contains a large volume of water Lacks a direct blood supply, blood vessels surround

it, obtain nutrients by diffusion

This is why torn cartilage heals so slowly

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

27/32

http://www.nucleusinc.com/

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

28/32

3 types of cartilage

1. Hyaline: most common, tips of bones at joints, softpart of the nose, supporting rings of the trachea.Prominent in early development.

2. Elastic: more flexible, ears and larynx 3. Fibrocartilage: very tough, shock absorber,

intervertebral discs, knees and pelvis.

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

29/32

7. Bone:

Most rigid connective tissue

Internally supports body structures

Very active tissue Heals much more rapidly than injured cartilage

because of close access to a blood supply

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

30/32

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

31/32

8. Blood

Cells suspended in fluid called PLASMA

1. Red blood cells: transport gases

2. White blood cells: fight infection 3. Platelets: cause blood clotting

Where do blood cells form?

7/31/2019 Tissues (1)

32/32