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SELECTION GUIDE

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Thy select iss 2 US new 10/25/00 2:29 PM

The Control of Power

Eurotherm Controls Inc is recognized worldwide for

the excellence of its power and temperature control

products.

Complete Product Range

For the control of electrical heating or other switching

applications, Eurotherm has a range of SCR Power

Controller assemblies to suit every need. Whether

the load is constant or variable resistance, inductive

or transformer coupled, single or three phase,

Eurotherm has an SCR assembly to meet your exact

requirements. The standard product line has current

ratings up to 1800A, but special order units can range up

to several thousand amps with external driver options.

The Right Control Techniques

SCR Power Controller assemblies can deliver power

in long or short bursts, even down to one cycle of the

supply voltage, in order to match the load and heater

requirements exactly. Alternatively, Phase Angle firing

can be used for inductive or transformer coupled loads

or applications where current limit is required. This

tight control of delivered power gives better

temperature control which results in improved product

quality. The SCR assembly’s ability to switch rapidly

reduces the thermomechanical stresses on the heater

elements, resulting in less downtime and lower

maintenance costs.

Digital Communications

Adding digital communications to SCR units introduces

more capabilities into process management. This allows

digital accuracy in downloading setpoints and is ideal

for large, multi-zone installations. The need for

calibration of analog signals is eliminated and only a

single digital link is needed to connect all zones to a

central programmer such as a Programmable Logic

Controller, personal computer or a distributed process

control system. Digital communications also allows

logging of process parameters, energy consumption,

abnormal conditions, faults and alarms.

How To Use This Selection Guide

In order to select the proper SCR assembly for

your application follow the steps below:

1. Determine if you need a three phase or a single

phase power controller. Keep in mind that a three

phase heater arrangement can often be rewired for

single phase operation. It may be less costly to use

single phase power controllers.

2. Determine if your heater load resistance is constant

or if the load resistance varies. Load resistance will

be variable if the heater has an ohmic value that

changes with time or temperature. Refer to the

Load Type chart on page 3 for guidance.

3. If your load is constant resistive, you will need to use

a Solid State Relay (SSR), a Solid State Contactor

(SSC) or a Burst fired SCR Power Controller. If the

load resistance varies, you will need to use a Phase

Angle fired SCR Power Controller.

4. Determine the line voltage and full load current

that the SCR power controller will need to handle.

Refer to the back cover of this guide for formulas

to calculate power, line current and load current.

5. After determining your requirements, look over

the available models in the SCR Features Guide

( pages 10 and 11) and make your selection.

Please call your local Eurotherm sales office if you have

any questions about selecting the proper SCR Power

Controller assembly for your application.

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3

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Single Phase and Three Phase Load Types

Go to Constant Load

Resistance

Go toConstant Load

Resistance

Go to Variable Load

Resistance

Go to Variable Load

Resistance

Go to Variable Load

Resistance

Go to Variable Load

Resistance

Contact Eurotherm

Resistive elements whose ohmic value doesnot change greatly over their temperaturerange. Low temperature coefficient of resistance. e.g. Austenticalloys (NiCr, NiCrFe). Example trade name is Nikrothal.Typical resistance change 7%.

Resistive elements whose ohmic value changeswith timeThey may also have a temperature change of resistance. e.g. Silicon Carbide. Example trade name is Hot Rod. Typical resistance increase of 2 to 4 times with time (and temperature).

Resistive elements whose ohmic valuechanges with temperatureEspecially elements with large positive temperaturecoefficent of resistance, e.g. Tungsten (W), Molybdenum(Mo), or Molybdenum disilicide (MoSi2). Trade name forlatter is Kanthal Super. Resistance change 20:1

Transformer loads or Resistive elements thatare connected via a transformer(Inductive Loads)

Load characteristics unknown

Infrared HeatersThis will be dependent on the wave length of theheaters, inrush current andprocess speed

Long Wave

Medium Wave

Short Wave


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Single phase

Constant Load Resistance

Three phase


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Single phase

Variable Load Resistance

THREE PHASE

Three phase


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425S This range of solid state contactors handle currents up to 125A. Compact size, panel or DINrail mounting. Partial Load Failure detection on the 425S is an optional feature. The 425S isdriven by a logic signal and is suitable for constant resistance loads or short waveinfrared loads

TE10STough, simple solid state contactors from 16 to 50A. DIN rail mounting, easy to use andcompact, the TE10S needs a logic input signal and is ideal for constant resistance loads.Due to its ability to handly large inrush currents, it may also be used for short wave infraredloads (SWIR) up to 28A. PDSIO® and PLF options are available with the TE10S.

Single phase control—Constant Resistance Loads

Constant resistance loads are the most common form of industrial electrical heating and include nickel chrome,

inconel and other alloys as well as long, medium and short wave infrared heaters. The benefits of using SCR control

for these simple element types are better temperature control, increased heating element lifetime and simplified,

reduced maintenance. For fast acting heating loads, SCR’s are essential for good control.

SCR’s are almost silent in operation so the working environment is improved too. For single phase constant resistance

applications the following logic driven solid state relays (SSR), solid state contactors (SSC) or SCR units will be

suitable. If the input signal must be analog (e.g. 0-5V) use the SCR assemblies on page 7.

450The plug-in construction of the 450 series SSC allows for rapid, easy maintenance. This rangeof solid state contactors handle currents up to 150A and requires a logic input.It is suitable for constant resistance loads.

TU1450, TU1470Models TU1450 and TU1470 will control 4 single phase loads. Controlling multiple heaterswith one SSC assembly reduces cost and saves panel space. They are well suited for constantresistance loads. The built in microprocessor intelligence allows the TU series to haveoptional digital communications. Available protocols include ProfiBus®, Modbus®, Jbus andEurotherm's EI bisync. Current ratings are 25 to 125A.

TC1027High current compact single phase SSC. Current range 300 to 500A. Suitable for constant resistance loads.

SSDA and SSAA, RSDA and RSAALow cost single phase SSR. The SSDA/SSAA units can be mounted on a metal panel orheatsink. The RSDA/RSAA units are DIN rail mounted with integral heatsink. They require alogic input signal (D.C. or A.C.) and can be used with currents up to 75A (SSDA) or 100A(RSDA). They are ideal for constant resistance loads or switching solenoid valves and smallmotors for sequential control systems. They may be used with the Eurotherm PD/CTX™intelligent current transmitter.


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TC1028Current limit with smooth transfer to voltage feedback operation, Single Cycle operation and burst firing with Phase Angle soft start are all built into this 300 to 500A high power single phase unit. Phase Angle firing with current limit used for the control of high currentinductive or complex loads. The separate MC1028 driver unit extends the current range to 1650A (air cooled) and 4800A (water cooled).

Single phase control—Variable Resistance Loads(Inductive or Complex)

Some complex heating elements are difficult to control because they have highly variable temperature coefficients.Typical complex elements are:

• Those whose resistance increases as they heat up (molybdenum, molybdenum disilicide, platinum, tungsten and some short wave infrared lamps).

• Those whose resistance decreases as they heat up (glass, zirconium oxide).• Those whose resistance changes as they age (silicon carbide).

Elements with a variable resistance need a current limit to prevent surge currents causing element or cable damage.

Eurotherm SCR units are designed for temperature control so that the current limit is optimized to give rapid process

heating without setpoint overshoot. For single phase applications the following analog driven SCR units will be suitable:

460 SeriesSingle phase thyristor units from 15 to 150A. Designed for easy maintenance with uniqueplug in construction. A choice of firing modes, current limit and firing delay. Forinductive, complex or infrared loads.

TU1451, TU1471 Models TU1451 and TU1471 will control 4 single phase loads. Controlling multiple heaters withone SCR reduces cost and saves panel space. This series provides Phase Angle control withcurrent limit, suitable for inductive or complex loads. The built in microprocessor intelligenceallows the TU series to have optional digital communications. Available protocols includeProfibus®, Modbus®, JBus and Eurotherm’s EI Bisync. Current ratings are 25 to 125A.

TE10ADIN rail mounting single phase SCR units in the range 16 to 50A. Phase Angle firing makesthis unit suitable for the control of inductive loads and the addition of the current limitoption makes it ideal for complex loads. It is also excellent for infrared loads.

425AThese single phase thyristor units operate up to 125A and have Phase Angle firing and current limit options. This makes them ideal for use with inductive, complexor infrared loads.


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Three Phase ControlSelecting a power controller for three phase electrical heating can be difficult. Eurotherm has the experience and the

product range to make your selection easy. Whatever the load configuration, no matter what type of heating element,

Eurotherm has the right power switch, from low cost units, economical two phase units to full three phase units with

digital communications. The compact size of three phase SCR units from Eurotherm makes them economical to install.

Auto sensing of phase rotation makes them simple to connect. Bargraph displays and built in diagnostics on some

models make commissioning and fault finding easy. Since the operating mode is set by internal links and switches on

the TE and TC ranges, it is possible to customize three phase power control to your exact requirements. For various two

leg and full three phase applications the following SCR units are suitable:

RS3DA, RS3AA

The RS3DA and RS3AA Solid State Contactor gives low cost control of three phase resistive loads with currents up to 30A per phase. The input signal may be D.C (RS3DA) or A.C. (RS3AA) logic.

TE200S, TE200A

The TE200S and TE200A provide cost effective two leg switching of three phase, three wireresistive loads with current ratings of up to 63A per phase. The input signal can be logic(TE200S) or analog (TE200A).

TE300

The TE300 provides full three phase control of 3 wire, 4 wire and 6 wire open delta resistiveloads with current ratings up to 63A. The input may be specified as analog or logic.

TC2000 and TC2001

Three phase control by switching two legs of a three phase three wire load for currents from 60 to 1650A. The TC2001 is suitable for many types of transformer loads, havingadjustable triggering delay and a bargraph display for easy set up. The TC2000 is a simpleralternative for constant resistance loads. Both units can use an analog input signal. Theseparate MC2001 driver extends the current range beyond 2000A.

TC3000 and TC3001

The TC3001 suits all load types and all load wiring configurations from 25 to 1800A. It has Burst, Logic, Single Cycle and Phase Angle firing to match the load requirements. Softstarting, special firing modes and current limit are built in. Alarms are reported by a frontpanel display and relay outputs. The TC3000 is a simpler alternative for constant resistanceand inductive loads. The separate MC3001 driver extends the range well beyond 1800A.The TC3001 and MC3001 are available with ModBus®, ProfiBus®, JBus and EI Bisync protocols.

TU2170

The TU2170 is a single channel assembly that controls two legs of one three phase, threewire load from 40 to 250A. The built in microprocessor intelligence allows the TU series tohave optional digital communications. Available protocols include ProfiBus®, Modbus®, Jbusand Eurotherm's EI bisync.


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True Power ControlIn some heating applications you cannot measure temperature, so closed loop temperature control is not possible. High

quality control is still achievable using a true power controller. By sensing voltage and current supplied to the load these

units maintain a constant power delivery to give repeatable, controllable conditions and ensure repeatable high product

quality. True power controllers also improve closed loop temperature control if the nature of the heating system can

change. True power controllers maintain tight control if the element resistance changes through age, through damage or

through design. For some applications such as crystal growing, true power control is vital.

470 Series

Single phase power control to 75 kilowatts, currents to 150A. Separate driver for higherpowers. Burst and Phase Angle firing with current limit for all element types. Voltage, currentor power feedback for any single phase application. Plug in design and front panel diagnosticsockets aid setting up and maintenance.

TE10P Series

The TE10P single phase power controller with ratings from 16 to 400A offer Burst, Phase Anglewith current limit and Phase Angle Burst firing modes for all load types. Power, current, voltage,current squared, volt squared and open loop feedback control modes are available to choosefrom. Alarms and output variables can be displayed on the front display or transmitted viaoptional digital communications. Available protocols include Modbus® or Profibus®-DP.

Related Power Control Products

MC Series High Powered Controllers

Eurotherm has delivered systems to control up to more than four megawatts of electricalheating. Our product range includes a variety of driver units to work with high power air or watercooled SCR’s and a load sequencer to match current demand in the high power load to theelectrical supply. The control electronics from the TC Series SCR units are packaged to work withexternal high current thyristors. High power single phase control from the MC1028, economicaltwo leg three phase control from the MC2001 and full three phase control from the MC3001with optional digital communications are available.

REMIO Communication Interface

Eurotherm Solid state contactors, such as the TE10S and 425S, may be distributed using theREMIO interface to communicate digitally to a PLC® or PC controller. Modbus®, Profibus® andDeviceNet® communication protocols are available. Base plus two expansion modules allows timeproportioning of up to 48 SSC’s in a variety of firing modes or up to 48 DO or 24DO/24DI, idealfor economic multizone applications such as SWIR (short wave Infrared heaters) and die bolts.

External CE Filters

All Eurotherm SCR assemblies include internal CE filtering. However, a full line of parallel and seriesexternal CE filters are available from Eurotherm for those single and three phase applications thatrequire additional external filtering to meet demanding CE requirements.

TU 1451, TU1471 and TU2170

The TU1451, TU1471 and TU2170 control true power in 4 zone single phase units rated up to 125A or in 1 zone three phase two leg switching units rated up to 250A. Burst and Phase Anglefiring modes can control resistive, infrared and inductive loads (single phase inductive loadsonly). The built in microprocessor intelligence allows the TU series to have optional digitalcommunications. Available protocols include Profibus®-DP, Modbus®, Jbus and Eurotherm’s EIbisync.


SCR Features Selection Guide

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INPUT TYPES FIRING MODESL Logic input (D.C. or A.C.) B Burst firingA Analog input and logic input P Phase Angle firing and Burst firing

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SSDA RSDA TU1450

SSAA RSAA TE10S 425S 450 TC1027 TU1470 TE10A 425A 460

HEATER TYPE

Constant resistance

Variable resistance

Inductive

Transformer coupled

SWIR (Short Wave Infrared)(1)

TRUE POWER CONTROL

RATING min. current 10A 25A 16A 15A 15A 300A 25A 16A 15A 15A

max.current(1) 75A 100A 50A(1) 125A(1) 150A 500A 125A(3) 50A(1) 125A(1) 150A

Controlled phases 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

INPUT L L L L L L A A A A

FIRING MODE B B B B B B B P P P

OPTIONS

PLF and/or PLU

Current limit

Plug in construction

Diagnostics

Alarms

DIGITAL COMMS

Single Phase SSR’s and SSC’s Single Phase SCR Units

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SINGLE PHASE


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Two leg switching of3 wire loads

Full three phase switching of3 or 4 wire loads

THREE PHASE

TU1451 RS3DA

TE10P TC1028 TU1471 470 TE200S TE200A TC2000 TC2001 TU2170 RS3AA TE300 TC3000 TC3001

16A 300A 25A 15A 16A 16A 60A 60A 25A 30A 16A 25A 25A

400A(1) 500A(2) 125A(3) 150A(2) 63A(1) 63A 500A 1200A(2) 250A 30A 63A(1) 500A 1000A(2)

1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3

A A A A L A A A A L A A A

P P P P B B B B B B B P P

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(1) Max current ratings are derated for zero crossing fired SWIR applications, no I2t fusing.

(2) Higher current available using external drivers.(3) Max current for: TU1450 and TU1451 is 40A and Max current for: TU1470 and TU1471 is 125A(4) Four single phase zones per unit

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Three phase load calculations

VL

= Line to line voltage

VP

= Phase voltage

IL

= Line current

IP

= Phase current

P = Total power

cos∅ = Power factor

For a balanced delta connected load only:

IL= 3 x I

P

P = 3 x VL

x IL

x cos∅P = 3 x V

Lx I

Px cos∅

For resistive loads, cos∅ = 1.0

HA136393 Issue 2

Single Phase Load Calculations

VL

= Line to line voltage

IL

= Line current

P = Total power

RL

= Load resistance

cos∅ = Power factor

VL

IL

P= VLx I

L x cos∅

IL= V

L

RL

For resistive loads, cos∅=1.0

VL

IL

VL

IL

IL

VL

VP

VP

VP

IP

IP

IP

For a balanced wye connected load only:

VL= 3 x V

P

P = 3 x VLx I

Lx cos∅

P = 3 x VPx I

Lx cos∅

For resistive loads, cos∅ = 1.0

Quick Formula

To determine the line current (in Amps)for balanced 3-∅ resistive loads(wye- or delta connected)where P = total 3-∅ power in kW:

for VL

=480V IL = 1.2 x P (in kW)

for VL

=240V IL = 2.4 x P (in kW)

for VL

=208V IL = 2.8 x P (in kW)

Delta Connected Load Wye Connected Load

RL

VL =V

P

IL =I

P

VL

IL

VL

IL

IL

VL

VP

VP

VP

IP

IP

IP

Ineutral

Neutral


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Rua Alfredo Pujol, 1010 - Santana - São Paulo - SP. Tel:11 - 6950-1834 / Fax: 11 - 6979-8980 - e-mail: [email protected]

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thy select iss 2 us new 10/25/00 2:29 pm page 1 scr power ... · scr’s are almost silent in...

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