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Thurston VSP Bibliography Appendix A | April, 2017
Page 1 of 17
Thurston County Voluntary Stewardship Program
Appendix A – Bibliography The following documents represent a partial list of existing information, data, and best available science. This list is
not meant to be exhaustive and may be added to in the future. This document is intended to provide an index of
the existing information and data that was reviewed and utilized by the Voluntary Stewardship Program (VSP)
workgroup and/or staff in their development of the VSP work plan and supporting documents. Staff have
attempted to list documents in each category in which they hold relevance.
Table of Contents Thurston County Voluntary Stewardship Program ....................................................................................... 1
Bibliography .................................................................................................................................................. 1
Thurston County Overview ....................................................................................................................... 2
Background on Farmland and Critical Areas Protection ....................................................................... 2
Critical Area Functions Agricultural Activities Impacts ............................................................................. 4
Conservation Practices .......................................................................................................................... 6
Chehalis Watershed Baseline Conditions ................................................................................................. 8
Deschutes Watershed Baseline Conditions ............................................................................................ 10
Nisqually Watershed Baseline Conditions .............................................................................................. 11
Kennedy-Goldsborough Watershed Baseline Conditions ....................................................................... 14
Implementation ...................................................................................................................................... 17
Conservation Planning ........................................................................................................................ 17
Stewardship Plans ............................................................................................................................... 17
Thurston VSP Bibliography Appendix A | April, 2017
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Thurston County Overview Earth Economics (2012). The Natural Value of Thurston County: A Rapid Ecosystem Service Valuation. Retrieved
from http://www.eartheconomics.org/Page105.aspx
Fisher, J. R. and Mitchell, L. (2009). Thurston County Farmland Inventory. South of the Sound Community Farmland
Trust, Olympia, WA.
Natural Resource Conservation Service. (n.d.). Key Elements of Conservation Planning. USDA. Retrieved from
https://aglearn.usda.gov/customcontent/NRCS/Consplan/module3/3phase9step.html
Ostrom, M. and Donovan, C. (2013). Profile of Small Farms in Washington State Agriculture. Washington State
University Extension, CSANR Small Farms Program, Wenatchee, WA.
Puget Sound Partnership. (2016). Action Agenda for Puget Sound. Retrieved from
http://www.psp.wa.gov/action_agenda_center.php
Thurston Conservation District. (n.d.). Conservation Planning. Retrieved from
https://www.thurstoncd.com/index.php/services/conservation-planning/
Thurston County (2004). Comprehensive Plan (update). Last amended by resolution 14845 on May 20, 2014.
Retrieved from http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/planning/comp_plan/comp_plan_home.htm
Thurston County (2013). Estimates of Current and Future Impervious Area and Forest Lands Vulnerable to Urban
Conversion for Watershed-Based Land Use Planning. Guiding Growth—Healthy Watersheds: Translating
Science into Local Policy.
Thurston County Agricultural Advisory Committee (2010). Thurston County Working Lands Strategic Plan. Retrieved
from: http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/permitting/agriculture/docs/Working-Lands-Strategic-Plan-2-11-
10.pdf
Thurston Regional Planning Council (2014). The Profile: Thurston County Population. Retrieved from
http://www.trpc.org/442/Thurston-County-Population
USDA (2014). 2012 Census of Agriculture: Washington State and County Data. https://www.agcensus.usda.gov/
Washington State University Thurston County Extension (2015). Agriculture and Working Lands. Retrieved from
http://ext100.wsu.edu/thurston/agriculture/
Waters, C. (2014). Payments for Ecosystem Services in Washington State: Understanding Stakeholder Values and
Potential Coalitions in the Nisqually Watershed Services Transaction Pilot Project. Evergreen Master’s
Thesis.
United Stated Census Bureau (2014). Thurston County, Washington.
Background on Farmland and Critical Areas Protection Thurston County Agricultural Advisory Committee (1978). Agriculture in Thurston County: A Citizen’s Report.
Thurston County Agricultural Advisory Committee (1994). Agriculture in Thurston County—1994 Farm Survey and
1992 Census Report
Thurston County Agricultural Advisory Committee (2010). Thurston County Working Lands Strategic Plan.
Thurston VSP Bibliography Appendix A | April, 2017
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Canty, D., Matinsons, A., and Kumar, A. (2012). Losing Ground: Farmland Protection in the Puget Sound Region.
American Farmland Trust.
DuBois, J. M. (2013). Assessment of Farm owners’ Perspectives and Preferred Methods to Preserve Farmland in
Urbanizing Thurston County. The Evergreen State College. Retrieved from
http://archives.evergreen.edu/masterstheses/Accession86-10MES/DuBois_JMESthesis2013.pdf
Fisher, J. R. and Mitchell, L. (2009). Thurston County Farmland Inventory. South of the Sound Community Farmland
Trust, Olympia, WA.
Fisher, J. R. (2009). Farmland Preservation in Thurston County. The Evergreen State College, Olympia, WA.
Retrieved from http://archives.evergreen.edu/masterstheses/Accession86-
10MES/Fisher_J%20MESThesis%202009.pdf
Jensen, M. J. (2006). Open Space Preferences and Voluntary Provision: A Comparative Study of the Public Benefit
Rating System in Participating Washington Counties. University of Washington. Retrieved from
http://www.albergstein.com/cao/Education%20and%20Conservation%20Incentives/MJ%20Thesis%20Fin
al.pdf
Natural Resources Conservation Service (2001). Prime Farmland in Washington, 1982-1997. National Resources
Inventory. Resources in Washington Series.
Pacific Mountain Workforce Development Council (2012). Targeted Cluster Identification and Strategic Alignment.
Economic Modeling Specialists Int. and J Robertson and Co.
Patzek, P. and Rocker, S. (2014). South Puget Sound Farms to Market Assessment. The Community Foundation of
South Puget Sound. Olympia, WA.
Pizzimenti, J. 2002. Efficacy and economics of riparian buffers on agricultural lands, State of Washington.
Englewood, CO: GEI Consultants, Inc. http://www.geiconsultants.com/stuff/contentmgr/files/0/
da0a1ca64f25e7fd92fcf99213f6be31/download/gei_riparian_buffers_papers_2002_2005_1.pdf
Sustainable Thurston (2012). Local Food Systems Panel: White Paper. Thurston Regional Planning Council.
Retrieved from http://www.trpc.org/260/Sustainable-Thurston-Plan
Sustainable Thurston (2013). Creating Places—Preserving Spaces: A Sustainable Development Plan for the Thurston
Region. Thurston Regional Planning Council. Retrieved from http://www.trpc.org/260/Sustainable-
Thurston-Plan
Thurston County (2004). Comprehensive Plan (update). Last amended by resolution 14845 on May 20, 2014.
Retrieved from http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/planning/comp_plan/comp_plan_home.htm
Thurston County (2013). Thurston County Shoreline Master Program Update: Inventory and Characterization
Report
Thurston County (2013). Basin Evaluation and Management Strategies for Thurston County: WRIAs 13 and 14.
Guiding Growth-Healthy Watersheds: Translating Science into Local Policy
Thurston County Assessor’s Office, personal communication (March 19, 2015).
Thurston County GIS department, personal communication (March 30, 2015).
Thurston County Resource Stewardship Department, personal communication (March 25, 2015).
Thurston VSP Bibliography Appendix A | April, 2017
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Thurston Thrives (2013). Food Action Team. Retrieved from
http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/health/thrives/food.html
Thurston Regional Planning Council (2011). The Profile.
Thurston Regional Planning Council (2013). Estimates of Current and Future Impervious Area and Forest Lands
Vulnerable to Urban Conversion for Watershed-Based Land Use Planning.
United States Dept. of Agriculture (2007). Census of Agriculture: Thurston County Profile.
United States Dept. of Agriculture (2012). Census of Agriculture: Thurston County Profile.
Critical Area Functions Agricultural Activities Impacts Abrol, Dharam P. (2012). Pollination Biology: Biodiversity Conservation and Agricultural Production. Springer
Science & Business Media.
Aktar, M. W., Sengupta, D., & Chowdhury, A. (2009). Impact of pesticides use in agriculture: their benefits and
hazards. Interdisciplinary Toxicology, 2(1), 1–12. Retrieved from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2984095/
Augustine, D. J., and S. J. McNaughton (1998). Ungulate effects on the functional species composition of plant
communities: herbivore selectivity and plant tolerance. Journal of Wildlife Management 62:1165-1183.
Bergkamp, Ger & Cross, Katharine (2006). Groundwater and ecosystem services: towards their sustainable use. In
Proceedings of the international symposium on groundwater sustainability (ISGWAS), Alicante, Spain (pp.
24-27).
Böhlke, J.-K. (2002). Groundwater recharge and agricultural contamination. Hydrogeology Journal.
Brady, Stephen J. (2007). Effects of Cropland Conservation Practices on Fish and Wildlife Habitat. USDA Natural
Resource Conservation Service, Central National Technology Support Center. Fort Worth, Texas.
Collins, S. L., Knapp, A. K., Briggs, J. M., Blair, J. M., Steinauer, E. M. (1998). Modulation of Diversity by Grazing and
Mowing in Native Tallgrass Prairie. Science. Vol. 280 no. 5364 pp. 745-747. DOI:
10.1126/science.280.5364.745
Cook, Kirk, V. and Beale, Perry (2014). Thurston County Agricultural Land-Pocket Gopher Evaluation. Washington
State Department of Agriculture Natural Resource Assessment Section. Olympia, Washington. Publication
No. AGR 103-407
Cushman, Kathleen A., and Pearl, Christopher A. (2007). A Conservation Assessment for the Oregon Spotted Frog
(Rana Pretiosa). USDA Forest Service Region 6 and USDI Bureau of Land Management, Oregon and
Washington
Department of Ecology (2001). Wetland Function Assessment Project. Retrieved from
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/sea/wetlands/wfap/index.html
Department of Ecology (2001). Washington Stormwater Management Study. Retrieved from
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/wq/stormwater/commentdocs/index.html
Department of Ecology (2005). Wetlands in Washington State—Volume 1: A Synthesis of the Science. Publication
#05-06-006. Retrieved from http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/sea/wetlands/bas/index.html
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Department of Ecology (2005). Wetlands in Washington State—Volume 2: Guidance for Protecting and Managing
Wetlands. Publication #05-06-008. Retrieved from
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/sea/wetlands/ratingsystems/index.html
Duncan, R. S., and C. A. Chapman (1999). Seed dispersal and potential forest succession in abandoned agriculture in
tropical Africa. Ecological Applications 9: 998-1008.
Edge, W.D. 2001. Wildlife of Agriculture, Pastures, and Mixed Environs. Pp. 342-360 in D.H. Johnson and T.A.
O’Neill, eds. Wildlife-Habitat Relationships in Oregon and Washington. Oregon State University Press,
Corvallis, OR.
Environmental Protection Agency (2012). Agriculture Land Use. Retrieved from
http://www.epa.gov/agriculture/tlan.html
Environmental Protection Agency (2013). Wetlands Functions and Values. Retrieved from
http://water.epa.gov/type/wetlands/functions.cfm
Fuhlendorf, S. D., Harrell, W. C., Engle, D. M., Hamilton, R. G., Davis, C. A., and Leslie, D. M. Jr. (2006). Should
Heterogeneity be the Basis for Conservation? Grassland Bird Response to Fire and Grazing. Ecological
Applications 16:1706–1716. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/1051-
0761(2006)016[1706:SHBTBF]2.0.CO;2
Hobbs, N. T. 1996. Modification of ecosystems by ungulates. Journal of Wildlife Management 60: 695-713.
Jones, C. G., J. H. Lawton, and M. Shachak (1996). Organisms as ecosystem engineers. Pages 130-147 in F. B.
Samson and F. L. Knopf, editors. Ecosystem management: selected readings. Springer, New York, NY.
King County (2004). Best Available Science—Volume II Appendix A: The Effects of Agricultural Operations on Critical
Areas. Retrieved from http://www.kingcounty.gov/property/permits/codes/CAO.aspx#best
King County (2004). Best Available Science—Volume I Chapter 5: Geologic Hazard Areas. Retrieved from
http://www.kingcounty.gov/property/permits/codes/CAO.aspx#best
Li, C. Y., Maser, C., Maser, Z., and Caldwell, B. A. (1986). Role of three rodents in forest nitrogen fixation in western
Oregon: another aspect of mammal-mycorrhizal fungus-tree mutualism. Great Basin Naturalist 46: 411-
414.
May, C. W. (2003). Stream-Riparian Ecosystems in the Puget Sound Lowland Eco-Region: A Review of Best
Available Science. Watershed Ecology LLC
Marcot, B. G., & Vander Heyden, M. (2001). Key Ecological Functions of Wildlife Species. Communities, 1(3), 14-41.
Michaud, Joy P. (2001). At Home with Wetlands: A Landowner’s Guide. Washington State Department of Ecology
Publication #90-31.
Moore, Aaron A., and Palmer, Margaret A. (2005). Invertebrate Biodiversity in Agricultural and Urban Headwater
Streams: Implications for Conservation and Management. Ecological Applications 15:1169–1177.
Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/04-1484
Novitzki, Richard P., Smith, Daniel R., & Fretwell, Judy D. (1997). Restoration, Creation, and Recovery of Wetlands:
Wetland Functions, Values, and Assessments. United States Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2425.
Retrieved from http://water.usgs.gov/nwsum/WSP2425/functions.html
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Reynolds, Ronald E., Shaffer, Terry L., Renner, Randy W., Newton, Wesley E., and Batt, Bruce D. J. (2001). Impact
of the Conservation Reserve Program on Duck Recruitment in the U.S. Prairie Pothole Region. The Journal
of Wildlife Management. Vol. 65, No. 4, pp. 765-780
Scanlon, B. R., Jolly, I., Sophocleous, M., & Zhang, L. (2007). Global impacts of conversions from natural to
agricultural ecosystems on water resources: Quantity versus quality. Water Resources Research, 43(3).
Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2006WR005486/full
Scott, J. (2011). Predator’s and Prey: What’s up with Predators? Conservation Northwest Quarterly.
Shipman, H. (2010). The Geomorphic Setting of Puget Sound: Implications for Shoreline Erosion and the Impacts
of Erosion Control Structures, in Shipman, H., Dethier, M.N., Gelfenbaum, G., Fresh, K.L., and Dinicola, R.S.,
eds., 2010, Puget Sound Shorelines and the Impacts of Armoring—Proceedings of a State of the Science
Workshop, May 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5254, p. 19-34.
Thurston County Planning Department (2013). Shoreline Master Program Update: Inventory and Characterization
Report.
Thurston County Health Department (2009). Scatter Creek Monitoring Report 2008-2009.
Thurston County (2012). Water Resources Monitoring Report: 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 Water Years. Retrieved
from http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/health/ehrp/annualreport.html
Thurston County (2005). Best Available Science: Aquifer Recharge
Thurston County (2004). Best Available Science: Flood Channel Migration Hazard Areas.
Thurston County (2011). Best Available Science: Geologic Hazard Areas: Erosion, Landslide and Marine Hazard
Areas.
Thurston County (2005). Best Available Science: Important Habitats and Species. Retrieved from
http://gothurston.org/AccurateInfo-BAS.htm
Thurston County (2005). Best Available Science-Wetlands. Retrieved from http://gothurston.org/AccurateInfo-
BAS.htm
U.S. Geologic Survey (2004). Landslide Types and Processes. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fact Sheet 2004-3072.
https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2004/3072/pdf/fs2004-3072.pdf
Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (2015). Priority Habitats and Species Management Recommendations.
Retrieved from http://wdfw.wa.gov/conservation/phs/mgmt_recommendations/
Washington State Department of Ecology and Washington State Department of Transportation (2001).
Washington Stormwater Management Study: Report and Recommendations from the Stormwater Policy
Advisory Committee. Final Report to the Washington State Legislature.
Wear, David N., Greis, John G., eds. 2002. Southern forest resource assessment. U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service, Southern Research Station. Asheville, NC.
Conservation Practices Best, Julie A. (2004). Do BMPs Really Work?. Land and Water-Fort Dudge Iowa- 48, no. 4: 19-21
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Clary, J., Wildfire, L. and Lord, B. (2012). Agricultural Best Management Practices (BMP) Database: Phase 1
Literature Review. Wright Water Engineers, Inc. and Geosyntec Consultants, Inc.
Cushman, Kathleen A., and Pearl, Christopher A. (2007). A Conservation Assessment for the Oregon Spotted Frog
(Rana Pretiosa). USDA Forest Service Region 6 and USDI Bureau of Land Management, Oregon and
Washington
Environmental Protection Agency (2013). Best Management Practices for Soil Erosion and Nutrient Management.
Environmental Protection Agency (2010). Nonpoint Source Program Success Story: Implementing Management
Practices and Education Efforts Reduces Turbidity.
Environmental Protection Agency (2009). Watershed Improvement Summary: Reducing Bacterial Contamination in
the Twelve Mile Creek Watershed.
King County (2004). Best Available Science—Volume II Appendix A: The Effects of Agricultural Operations on Critical
Areas. http://www.kingcounty.gov/property/permits/codes/CAO.aspx#best
Lizotte, R. E., Knight, S. S., Locke, M. A., & Bingner, R. L. (2014). Influence of integrated watershed-scale agricultural
conservation practices on lake water quality. Journal of soil and water conservation, 69(2), 160-170.
May, C. W. (2003). Stream-Riparian Ecosystems in the Puget Sound Lowland Eco-Region: A Review of Best
Available Science. Watershed Ecology LLC
Oregon State University (2012). Conservation Tillage Systems. http://people.oregonstate.edu/~muirp/constill.htm
Stang, C., Gharabaghi, B., Rudra, R., Golmohammadi, G., Mahboubi, A. A., & Ahmed, S. I. (2016). Conservation
management practices: Success story of the Hog Creek and Sturgeon River watersheds, Ontario, Canada.
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 71(3), 237-248.
Thurston County (2011). Best Available Science: Geologic Hazard Areas: Erosion, Landslide and Marine Hazard
Areas.
Thurston County (2011). Best Available Science: Wetlands.
Tomer, M. D., & Locke, M. A. (2011). The challenge of documenting water quality benefits of conservation
practices: A review of USDA-ARS's conservation effects assessment project watershed studies. Water
Science and Technology, 64(1), 300-310.
USDA. National Conservation Practice Standards. National Resources Conservation Service.
https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/national/technical/cp/ncps/
USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (2015). Integrated Pest Management Program
Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (1997). Management Recommendations for Washington's Priority
Habitats: Riparian.
Yuan, Y., Locke, M. A., & Bingner, R. L. (2008). Annualized agricultural non-point source model application for
Mississippi Delta Beasley Lake watershed conservation practices assessment. Journal of soil and water
conservation, 63(6), 542-551.
Thurston VSP Bibliography Appendix A | April, 2017
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Chehalis Watershed Baseline Conditions Altman, Bob (2000). Conservation Strategy for Landbirds in Lowlands and Valleys of Western Oregon and
Washington, Oregon-Washington Partners in Flight.
Beechie T.J., Imaki H., Greene J., Wade A., Wu H., Press G., Roni P., Kimball J., Stanford J., Kiffney P., and Mantua
N.J. (2013). Restoring Salmon Habitat for a Changing Climate. River Research and Applications, 29. UW
Climate Impacts Group: 939-960.
Capitol Land Trust. (2016). Black River / Chehalis Watershed. Retrieved August 1, 2016 from
https://capitollandtrust.org/conserved-lands/conservation-areas/black-river-chehalis-
watershed/
Chehalis Basin Partnership (2004). Chehalis Basin Watershed Management Plan.
Chehalis Basin Partnership (2009). The Chehalis Basin Watershed Management Plan Detailed Implementation Plan.
Volume 1, Strategies 1 through 5. Retrieved from
http://chehalisbasinpartnership.org/watershed_plan/watershed_plan.html
Chehalis Basin Partnership (2011). A Look at the Implementation Progress of the Chehalis Basin Watershed
Management Plan and Detailed Implementation Plan. Retrieved from
http://chehalisbasinpartnership.org/watershed_plan/watershed_plan.html
Climate Impacts Group (2013). “State of Knowledge Report,” Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in
Washington State: Technical Summaries for Decision Makers. University of Washington.
Collyard, S. and M. Von Prause (2010). Upper Chehalis River Watershed Multi-Parameter Total Maximum Daily
Load: Water Quality Data Review. Department of Ecology State of Washington. Retrieved from
www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/1003057.html
Cook, Kirk, V. and Beale, Perry (2014).Thurston County Agricultural Land-Pocket Gopher Evaluation. Washington
State Department of Agriculture Natural Resource Assessment Section.
Department of Ecology (2012). Preparing for a Changing Climate: Washington State’s Integrated Climate Response
Strategy. Publication no. 12-01-004. Retrieved from
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/climatechange/ipa_responsestrategy.htm
Department of Ecology (2014). Water Quality Improvement Projects: Chehalis River Area: Multi-parameter.
Retrieved from http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/wq/tmdl/ChehalisRvrTMDLSummary.html
Department of Ecology (2012). Washington’s Water Quality Assessment and 303 (d) list. Retrieved from
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/wq/303d/index.html
Department of Ecology (2012). Water Quality Standards for Surface Waters of the State of Washington: Chapter
173-201A WAC. Retrieved from http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/wq/swqs/index.html
Earth Economics (2010). Flood Protection and Ecosystem Services in the Chehalis River Basin.
Envirovision Corporation (2000). Chehalis Basin Level 1 Assessment. Retrieved from
http://chehalisbasinpartnership.org/technical/reports.html
Fisher, J. R. and Mitchell, L. (2009). Thurston County Farmland Inventory. South of the Sound Community Farmland
Trust, Olympia, WA.
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Governor’s Chehalis Basin Work Group (2014). Chehalis Basin Strategy 2014 Recommendation Report.
Gendaszek, A. S. (2011). Hydrological Framework and Groundwater/Surface-Water Interactions of the Chehalis
River Basin, Southwestern Washington. U.S. Geologic Survey and U.S. Department of the Interior.
Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5160, p. 42.
Green, J., Loft, D., Lehr, R. (2009). State of the River Report for the Chehalis River Basin 2006-2009: a Water Quality
Study. Grays Harbor College, Aberdeen, WA.
Independent Scientific Advisory Board (2007). Climate change impacts on Columbia Basin fish and wildlife:
Northwest Power Planning and Conservation Council, Portland, Oregon.
Kliem, John M. and Holden, Deborah A. (2011). The Chehalis Basin Salmon Habitat Restoration and Preservation
Strategy for WRIA 22 and 23. Chehalis Basin Lead Entity Habitat Work Group.
PCC Farmland Trust. (2016). Helsing Junction Farm. Retrieved August 1, 2016 from
https://www.pccfarmlandtrust.org/our-work/protected-farms/helsing-junction-farm/
Rountry, Dave (2004). The Chehalis/Grays Harbor Watershed Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Temperature, and Fecal
Coliform Bacteria TMDL: Detailed Implementation (Cleanup) Plan, Washington State Department of
Ecology Water Quality Program, no. 04-10-065.
Scatter Creek Aquifer Citizen’s Committee (2014). Final Recommendations: Scatter Creek Aquifer—Septic System
Management Project. Thurston County, WA. Retrieved from
http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/health/ehsc/index.html
Smith, Carol J. and Wenger, Mark (2001). Salmon and Steelhead Habitat Limiting Factors: Chehalis Basin and
nearby drainages WRIAs 22 and 23, Washington State Conservation Commission Final Report.
South Sound Community Farmland Trust. (2016). Scatter Creek Farm and Conservancy. Retrieved August 1, 2016
from http://www.communityfarmlandtrust.org/scatter-creek-farm--conservancy.html
The Aquatic Species Enhancement Plan Technical Committee (2014). Aquatic Species Enhancement Plan, Chehalis
Basin Work Group.
Thurston County Assessor’s Office, personal communication (March 19, 2015).
Thurston County (2015). Species of Concern. Retrieved from http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/planning/hcp/hcp-
species.htm
Thurston County (2004). Thurston County Comprehensive Plan. Last amended by resolution 14845 on May 20,
2014. Retrieved from http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/planning/comp_plan/comp_plan_home.htm
Thurston County (1994). Article VI: Rules and Regulations of the Thurston County Board of Health Governing
Nonpoint Source Pollution.
Thurston County (2015). Prairie Conservation and the Habitat Conservation Plan. Long Range Planning Resource
Stewardship Department. Retrieved from http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/planning/hcp/hcp-home.htm.
Thurston County (2013). Shoreline Master Program Update: Inventory and Characterization Report.
Thurston County (2012). Water Resources Monitoring Report: 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 Water Years. Retrieved
from http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/health/ehrp/annualreport.html
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Thurston County and Thurston Regional Planning Council (2013). Estimates of Current and Future Impervious Area
and Forest Lands Vulnerable to Urban Conversion for Watershed Based Land Use Planning. Guiding
Growth—Healthy Watersheds: Translating Science into Local Policy.
Thurston Regional Planning Council (2011). The Profile.
United States Dept. of Agriculture (2012). Thurston County Profile.
Washington Dept. of Fisheries, Washington Dept. of Wildlife, and Western Washington Indian Tribes (1994). 1992
Washington State Salmon and Steelhead Stock Inventory.
Washington State Recreation and Conservation Office (2014). Funding and Evaluation Results: Grants Awarded by
Year of Application. Retrieved from http://www.rco.wa.gov/grants/eval_results.shtml
Wildrick L., Davidson D., Sinclair K. and Barker B. (1995). Initial Watershed Assessment Water Resource Inventory
Area 23 Upper Chehalis River. Open-File Technical Report 95-03.
Deschutes Watershed Baseline Conditions Capitol Land Trust. (2016). “Budd and Henderson Inlets”. Retrieved August 1, 2016 from
https://capitollandtrust.org/conserved-lands/conservation-areas/budd-henderson-inlets/
Department of Ecology. (2012). Deschutes Watershed, WRIA 13: Focus on Water Availability. Department of
Ecology. Publication No: 11-11-018. Retrieved from:
https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/documents/1111018.pdf
Department of Ecology. (2016). Olympia-Yelm-Lacey Water Supply Project. Retrieved August 1, 2016 from
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/wr/swro/olyyelmlacey.html
Deschutes Watershed Planning Unit. (2004). WRIA 13 Watershed Management Plan. Draft from October
15, 2004. Retrieved from:
http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/waterresources/basin/basin-wria13.html
Haring, D. and John Konovsky. (1999). Salmon Habitat Limiting Factors, WRIA 13. Washington State
Conservation Commission. Retrieved from:
http://www.pugetsoundnearshore.org/supporting_documents/WRIA_13_LFR.pdf
Levitt, M., Waters, C., Tabbutt, V., Osterberg, A., Ambrogi, M., Burnham, M., Davis, S., Benson, H., and
Larry Schaffner. (2015). Deschutes Watershed Land Use Analysis: Current Conditions Report.
Thurston County and Thurston Regional Planning Council.
Northwest Rangeland Trust. (2016). Conservation Easements. Retrieved August 1, 2016 from
http://www.nwrangelandtrust.org/easements.html
Roberts, M., A. Ahmed, G. Pelletier, and D. Osterberg (2012). Deschutes River, Capitol Lake, and Budd Inlet
Temperature, Fecal Coliform Bacteria, Dissolved Oxygen, pH, and Fine Sediment Total Maximum Daily
Load Technical Report: Water Quality Study Findings. Publication No. 12-03-008. Washington Department
of Ecology. Olympia, WA
Tabbutt, V., Ambrogi, M., Burnham, M., Levitt, M. Morrison, S., Osterberg, A. and Cynthia Wilson.
(2012). Basin Evaluation and Management Strategies for Thurston County. Thurston County
and Thurston Regional Planning Council.
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Thurston Conservation District. (2005). Salmon Habitat Protection and Restoration Plan for Water Resource
Inventory Area 13, Deschutes. Retrieved from:
http://www1.thurstoncd.com/sites/default/files/u57/Strategy%20Documents.pdf
Thurston Conservation District. (2016). Lead Entity Project Accomplishments. Retrieved from:
https://www.thurstoncd.com/
Thurston County. (n.d.). Deschutes River. Thurston County Emergency Management. Retrieved from:
http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/em/PressRelease/Rivers/Deschutes.htm
Thurston County (2013). Shoreline Master Program Update Inventory and Characterization Report. Prepared by the
Thurston County Resource Stewardship Department, Long Range Planning Division.
Thurston County. (2014). Thurston County, WA Flood Hazard Mitigation Plan Annual Progress Report CRS Activity
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flood-hazard-mitigation-plan-annual-progress-report.pdf
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (2014). Q&A: Final Listing and Designation of Critical Habitat for Four
Thurston/Pierce County Subspecies of Mazama Pocket Gopher Under the Endangered Species
Act April 2014. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Retrieved from:
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Wagner, L., and D. Bilhimer. 2015. Deschutes River, Percival Creek, and Budd Inlet Tributaries Temperature, Fecal
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Waters, C., Tabbutt, V., Osterberg, A., Ambrogi, M., Burnham, M. (2016). Deschutes Watershed Land Use Analysis:
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http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/planning/watershed/docs/deschutes-project-materials/scenario-
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Nisqually Watershed Baseline Conditions Batker, D., Torre, I. and M. Kocian. (2009). The Natural Economy of the Nisqually Watershed. Earth
Economics. Retrieved from:
http://esvaluation.org/publications/Natural_Economy_of_Nisqually_Watershed_7_2009.pdf
Cook, Kirk, V. and Beale, Perry (2014).Thurston County Agricultural Land-Pocket Gopher Evaluation.
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Department of Ecology. (2000). Teanaway Temperature TMDL. Retrieved from:
https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/documents/0010008.pdf
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Department of Ecology. (2012). Focus on Water Availability, Nisqually Watershed, WRIA 11.
Department of Ecology. Publication No. 11-11-016. Retrieved from:
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Fish and Wildlife Service. (2005). Nisqually National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan.
Chapter 3. Nisqually National Wildlife Refuge, Olympia, WA. Retrieved from: http://www.fws.gov/
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Fisher, J. (2009). Farmland Preservation in Thurston County (Master’s thesis). Retrieved from Evergreen
Archives (Accession No. 86-10MES).
Fisher, J. and Lea Mitchell. (2009). Thurston County Farmland Inventory. South of the Sound Community Farm Land
Trust, Olympia, WA. Retrieved from:
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Greene, M. (2014). Forest and Water Climate Adaptation- A plan for the Nisqually Watershed.
Nisqually River Council, Model Forest Policy Program, and Cumberland River Compact. Retrieved
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Hempleman, C. and Debra Sargeant. (2005). Nisqually Watershed Bacteria and Dissolved Oxygen Total
Maximum Daily Load Water Cleanup Plan. Department of Ecology. Publication No: 05-10-040.
Retrieved from: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/publications/0510040.pdf
James, C. (2007). Nisqually River Basin Fecal Coliform Bacteria and Dissolved Oxygen
Total Maximum Daily Load Water Quality Implementation Plan. Department of Ecology.
Publication No: 07-10-016. Retrieved from:
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Kerwin, J. (1999). Salmon and Steelhead Habitat Limiting Factors for Water Resource Inventory Area 11.
Washington State Conservation Commission. Retrieved from:
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Nisqually Chinook Work Group. (2011). Nisqually Chinook Stock Management Plan. Draft.
Nisqually Indian Tribe (2003). Nisqually Watershed Management Plan. Publication No. 023-1248.210.
Washington Department of Ecology, Olympia, WA. Retrieved from
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Nisqually Indian Tribe. (2007). Nisqually Watershed Detailed Implementation Plan. Publication No. 023-1248-
700.100. Washington Department of Ecology, Olympia, WA. Retrieved from:
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Nisqually River Council. (2009). Nisqually Watershed Stewardship Plan. Nisqually River Council. Retrieved from:
http://nisquallyriver.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/NWSP_09_priorities.pdf
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Nisqually River Council. (2012). Nisqually Watershed Stewardship Plan Update. Nisqually River Council. Retrieved
from: http://www.stewardshippartners.org/wp-
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Nisqually River Council. (2014). River Council Looking for Way to Preserve Economic Benefits of the Nisqually
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Nisqually River Council. (2015). Yil-me-hu Winter 2015/2016. Nisqually River Council. Retrieved from:
http://www.nisqually-nsn.gov/files/1114/5219/3161/YilMeHuWinter2015-2016.pdf
Nisqually River Council. (2015). Nisqually Steelhead Recovery Plan. Nisqually Indian Tribe, Washington Department
of Fish and Wildlife, Tacoma Power, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, ICF International. Draft. Retrieved from:
http://www.slideshare.net/Nisqually/nisqually-river-steelhead-recovery-plan
Northwest Rangeland Trust. (2016). Conservation Easements. Northwest Rangeland Trust. Retrieved from:
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Puget Sound Partnership. (2008). Nisqually Watershed Chinook Salmon Recovery Plan 3 Year Workprogram 2008-
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Resource Stewardship and Geodata. (2013). Nisqually River Watershed Characterization Report. Thurston County.
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Sargeant, D., Roberts, M., and Barbara Carey. (2005). Nisqually River Basin Fecal Coliform Bacteria and Dissolved
Oxygen Total Maximum Daily Load Study. Department of Ecology. Publication No: 05-03-002. Retrieved
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Tetra Tech. (2013). Thurston County Flood Hazard Mitigation Plan. Thurston County Planning Department.
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Thurston County Agricultural Advisory Committee (2010). Thurston County Working Lands Strategic Plan. Retrieved
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Thurston County. (n.d.). Nisqually River. Thurston County Emergency Management. Retrieved from:
http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/em/PressRelease/Rivers/Nisqually.htm
Thurston County (2004). Comprehensive Plan (update). Last amended by resolution 14845 on May 20, 2014.
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Thurston County (2013a). Thurston County Shoreline Master Program Update: Inventory and Characterization
Report. Thurston County, Olympia, WA. Retrieved from:
http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/planning/shoreline/documents/inventory/shoreline-inventory-and-
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Thurston County (2013b). Nisqually Watershed Characterization Study. Retrieved from:
http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/waterresources/chara/nisqually/nisqually-project-chapter-1-nisqually-
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Thurston Regional Planning Council. Farmland Zero Net Loss. Thurston Regional Planning Council. |
Retrieved from: http://www.trpc.org/632/Farmland-Zero-Net-Loss
Thurston Regional Planning Council. (n.d.) Land Use & Residential Development Potential Interactive Map.
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http://trpc.maps.arcgis.com/apps/StorytellingTextLegend/index.html?appid=a8d7f30adc5c417a9c116312
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Thurston Regional Planning Council (2016). Thurston Climate Adaptation Plan. Thurston Regional Planning Council.
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U.S. Department of Commerce. (Multiple Years). Census Bureau, American Community Survey Office,
Washington, D.C
Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. (2016). Fishing and Shellfishing. Retrieved from:
http://wdfw.wa.gov/fishing/washington/County/Thurston/
Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. (2016). Freshwater Fishing in the Nisqually River. Retrieved from:
http://wdfw.wa.gov/fishing/salmon/pink/nisqually.html
Kennedy-Goldsborough Watershed Baseline Conditions Ahmed, A. (2004). Tributaries to Totten, Eld, and Little Skookum Inlets: Temperature and Fecal Coliform
Bacteria Total Maximum Daily Load Study. Publication No: 04-03-106. Retrieved from:
https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/documents/0403106.pdf
Ahmed, A., Pelletier, G., Roberts, M. and Andrew Kolosseus (2014). South Puget Sound Dissolved Oxygen Study.
Department of Ecology. Publication No: 14-03-004. Retrieved from:
https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/documents/1403004.pdf
Capitol Land Trust. (n.d.). Steamboat Conservation Partnership Region. Retrieved from:
https://capitollandtrust.org/conserved-lands/conservation-areas/steamboat-conservation-partnership-
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Cosmopolitan Engineering Group & RH2 Engineering (2005). Kennedy-Goldsborough Watershed Water Storage
Assessment. Department of Ecology. Retrieved from:
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/eap/wrias/planning/docs/wria14_storasrept_rev1.pdf
Department of Ecology (n.d.). Kennedy-Goldsborough, WRIA 14a. Department of Ecology. Retrieved
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Department of Ecology (2012). Water Quality Standards for Surface Waters of the State of
Washington. Department of Ecology. Publication no: 06-10-091. Retrieved from:
https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/documents/0610091.pdf
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14. Department of Ecology. Publication No: 11-11-019. Retrieved from:
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Department of Ecology (2014). Water Quality Improvement Projects Totten and Eld Inlets: Fecal
Coliform. Department of Ecology. Retrieved from:
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Dickes, B. (2008a). Kennedy Creek Fecal Coliform Bacteria Water Quality Monitoring Study. Department of Ecology.
Publication No: 08-10-085. Retrieved from:
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Dickes, B. (2008b). Pierre Creek and Burns Creek Fecal Coliform Bacteria Water Quality Monitoring
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Dickes, B. (2009). Upper Kennedy Creek Fecal Coliform Bacteria Investigation, 2008-2009. Department of Ecology.
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EnviroVision Corporation (2003). WRIA 14 Surface Quality Monitoring Strategy. Department of Ecology. Retrieved
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EnviroVision Corporation (2005). Preliminary Assessment of Lower Hood Canal Streams: 2004 Study. Department of
Ecology. Retrieved from: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/eap/wrias/planning/docs/
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Fisher, J. and Lea Mitchell (2009). Thurston County Farmland Inventory. South of the Sound Community Farm Land
Trust, Olympia, WA. Retrieved from:
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Golder Associates, Inc. (2002). Kennedy-Goldsborough Watershed, Phase II –Level 1 Assessment, Data Compilation
and Primary Assessment. Department of Ecology. Retrieved from:
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Hempleman, C. (2007). Tributaries to Totten, Eld and Little Skookum Inlets, Fecal Coliform Bacteria and
Temperature Total Maximum Daily Load. Department of Ecology. Publication No: 07-10-071. Retrieved
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Kuttel, M. (2002). Salmonid Habitat Limiting Factors Water Resource Inventory Area 14, Kennedy-Goldsborough
Basin. Washington State Conservation Commission. Retrieved from:
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Mason Conservation District. (2004). Salmon Habitat Protection and Restoration Plan for Water Resource Inventory
Area 14, Kennedy-Goldsborough. Mason Conservation District. Retrieved from:
http://waconnect.paladinpanoramic.com/services/project/file?sid=160&pid=17146&id=16901
Mason Conservation District. (2016). Gosnell Creek Large Woody Debris and Riparian Enhancement
Letter of Intent. Retrieved from: http://www.masoncd.org/uploads/3/1/5/9/31598011/
gosnell_creek_lwd_and_riparian_enhancement_loi.pdf
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Northwest Land & Water (2005). Final WRIA 14 / Kennedy-Goldsborough Watershed Phase II Hydrogeologic
Investigation. Department of Ecology. Retrieved from:
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/eap/wrias/planning/docs/wria14_hgi_final.pdf
Northwest Land & Water (2005). Preliminary Build-Out & Projected Water Quantity Analysis.
Department of Ecology. Retrieved from:
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Plateau Technical Communication Services (2006). WRIA 14 Watershed Management Plan Kennedy-Goldsborough
Watershed. Department of Ecology. Retrieved from:
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Rosenkotter, B., Peters, K., Osterman, D., Myers, D., Nelson, A., Vigue, L., Mitchell, T., Tyler, M., and
Cascadia Consulting Group (2007). Puget Sound Nearshore Project Priorities: Assessing Consistency
between Local and Regional Strategies of the Puget Sound Salmon Recovery Plan. Washington
Department of Fish and Wildlife. Retrieved from:
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Sound Nearshore. Shared Strategy for Puget Sound. Draft 2. Retrieved from:
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Thurston County (2013a). Thurston County Shoreline Master Program Update: Inventory and Characterization
Report. Thurston County, Olympia, WA. Retrieved from:
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Thurston Regional Planning Council (2015). Estimates of Current and Future Impervious Area and Forest Lands
Vulnerable to Urban Conversion for Watershed Based Land Use Planning in Thurston County. Thurston
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Thurston Regional Planning Council (2016). Thurston Climate Adaptation Plan. Thurston Regional Planning Council.
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Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. (2011). Kennedy/Goldsborough WRIA 14. Retrieved from:
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Implementation
Conservation Planning Natural Resources Conservation Service (2014). National Planning Procedures Handbook (NPPH), Edition 1.
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Stewardship Plans Berk Consulting (2014). Voluntary Stewardship Program Whitepaper. Chelan County Natural Resources
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Whatcom County Planning and Development Services (2014). Farm Plans. Retrieved from
http://www.whatcomcounty.us/745/Farm-Plans