THURSDAY 2-12-15 LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

WHAT ARE GENES?

ENTRY TASK:

• WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT:• GENES

• DNA

• GENE THERAPY

• CANCER

• CYSTIC FIBROSIS

• PROTEIN

HOW ARE THESE TERMS RELATED?

PLAN OF THE DAY

• INTRO TO GENETICS

• DNA AND CELL DIVISION UNIT

• 10 YEARS OF GENOME RESEARCH AND GENETIC DISEASES

•HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=FGQ-XOYORWY•60:00

FRIDAY 2-13-15

LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

STRUCTURE OF THE DNA MOLECULE

ENTRY TASK:

• WHAT ARE THE FOUR BASES PRESENT IN THE DNA MOLECULE? LOOK AT PAGE 345 – FIGURE 12-5 AND TRANSFER THE DIAGRAM TO YOUR JOURNAL

1ST ELODEA

4TH HEARTS

PLAN OF THE DAY

• CHECK YOUR TEST RESULTS FOR CHAPS. 8 & 9

• INTRO TO GENETICS

• DNA AND CELL DIVISION UNIT

• 10 YEARS OF GENOME RESEARCH AND GENETIC DISEASES

•HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=FGQ-XOYORWY•60:00

TUESDAY 2-17-15

LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

STRUCTURE OF THE DNA MOLECULE

ENTRY TASK:

WHAT WOULD BE THE MATCHING DNA STRAND THAT WOULD PAIR WITH THIS SEQUENCE OF BASES?

A T A A T T G C G G A T T C

PLAN OF THE DAY

• DNA STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

• CRASH COURSE ON DNA

• BRAINSTORM WITH PARTNER ON WHAT MATERIALS TO BRING FOR DNA MODEL

•HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=RW7XU7DURG4 53:00

•HTTPS://WWW.GOOGLE.COM/?GWS_RD=SSL#Q=DNA+CRASH+COURSE 13:00•HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=5QSRMEIWSUC•8:00 REPLICATION WITH THE AMOEBA SISTERS

The basic unit of the DNA molecule is called:

NUCLEOTIDE

A NUCLEOTIDE in DNA has three parts: A ring-shaped sugar called deoxyribose A phosphate group A nitrogenous base (single or double ring of

carbon and nitrogen atoms)

Nucleotide monomers join together by covalent bonds between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next, forming a sugar-phosphate backbone.

Nitrogenous Bases

The bases pair up (A-T & G-C) forming the DOUBLE HELIX first described by Watson and Crick

Watson, Crick and Franklin

Various ways to model DNA structure

•http://www.umass.edu/molvis/tutorials/dna/dnapairs.htm manipulate DNA

WEDNESDAY 2-18-15

LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

STRUCTURE OF THE DNA MOLECULE

ENTRY TASK:

DNA GOES THROUGH THE PROCESS OF REPLICATION (DUPLICATION) IN OUR CELLS. WHY DO YOU THINK THIS PROCESS IS NECESSARY?

PLAN OF THE DAY

• WORK WITH YOURSELF OR WITH YOUR PARTNER TO BUILD YOUR 3D DNA MODEL

• IF YOU DID NOT BRING MATERIALS FOR YOUR OWN MODEL, GET THE HANDOUT TO DO THE FLAT DNA MODEL

• IF FINISHED, READ AND TAKE NOTES OF SECTION 12.3 (PP 350-351) IN YOUR NOTEBOOK (DUE FRIDAY 19)

DNA MODELS

PAPER MODELS

• HTTP://WWW.GOV.MB.CA/CONSERVATION/SUSTAIN/DNADONE.PDF

• HTTP://WWW.MYSCIENCEBOX.ORG/BOOK/EXPORT/HTML/347

• HTTP://WWW.ALDER.K12.OH.US/USERFILES/251/CLASSES/2831/DNAMODELPARTSFORYOURPRESENTATION.PDF

ORIGAMI DNA

• HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=LEJF0F1JTUQ

• HTTP://WWW.DNAI.ORG/TEACHERGUIDE/GUIDE.HTML

• HTTP://WWW.DNAI.ORG/TEACHERGUIDE/PDF/ORI_COLOR.PDF

• HTTP://WWW.DNAI.ORG/TEACHERGUIDE/PDF/ORIGAMI_INST.PDF

• HTTP://WWW.DNAI.ORG/TEACHERGUIDE/PDF/ORI_BW.PDF

THURSDAY 2-19-15

LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

STRUCTURE OF THE DNA MOLECULE

ENTRY TASK:

GET YOUR DNA MODELS READY. IN 20 MINUTES WE WILL START PRESENTATIONS

PLAN OF THE DAY

• FINISH LAST TOUCHES OF YOUR DNA MODEL AND PRESENT IT TO YOUR CLASSMATES

• IF FINISHED, READ AND TAKE NOTES OF SECTION 12.3 (PP 350-351) IN YOUR NOTEBOOK (DUE FRIDAY 20)

FRIDAY 2-20-15

LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

DNA REPLICATION PROCESS

ENTRY TASK:

NAME TWO OF THE ENZYMES INVOLVED IN THE DNA REPLICATION PROCESS AND THEIR FUNCTION

PLAN OF THE DAY

• LAST PRESENTATIONS OF DNA MODEL

• REPLICATION NOTES

• REPLICATION PRACTICE WITH WHITE BOARD

• CREATING A DNA REPLICATION SKIT WITH THE ENTIRE CLASS

Why does DNA need to be replicated?

Growth – new cells - reproduction

How does this process happen?

REPLICATION IN 3 STEPS DNA

replication results in two new DNA molecules, each containing one new strand (yellow) and one original strand (blue)

Weak bonds Hydrogen bonds Comes apart

easily Comes together

easily

Overview of DNA replication

DNA separates Complementary

nucleotides are linked along separated strands

initiate

Initiator protein guides unzipper protein (helicase) to correct position on DNA

untwister

Untwister (topoisomerase) unwinds the DNA double helix in advance of the unzipper

• Unzipper separates DNA strands, breaking weak bonds between the nucleotides

unzip

assemble

• Builders (polymerases) assemble new DNA strand by joining nucleotides to their matching complements on the exposed strands

straightners

Straighteners (single-strand DNA binding proteins) keep single strand of DNA from tangling

Phosphate provides energy

• Phosphate bond energy from the new nucleotides is used to make the new bonds

Leading vs. Lagging strand

Leading (top) strand is built continuously as the builder follows behind the unzipper, but the Lagging (lower) strand builds in the opposite direction

Lagging strand

Lagging (lower) builder makes a loop with the DNA strand and builds in opposite direction

Lagging strand

Built in small sections

Sections linked by enzyme ligase

Repairs of DNA

Erasers (Repair Nuclease): find poorly matched or damaged nucleotides and cut them out

Repairs of DNA

Builders (Polymerase): fill gaps using other DNA strand as a guide

Repairs of DNA

Stitchers (Ligase): uses ATP to restore continuity of backbone of repaired strand

Big picture of DNA replication

Replication review

REPLICATION IN 3 STEPS DNA

replication results in two DNA molecules, each with one new strand (yellow) and one old strand (blue)

DNA replication animations

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4jtmOZaIvS0

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gW3qZF9cLIA

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oNW_ykH3AvA

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hC_8y8fNkCw

TED talk – DNA replication – Chromosomes- malaria http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dMPX

u6GF18M Timing of replication article: http://

hms.harvard.edu/news/marching-our-own-sequences