thunderstorms section 13-1 p 329-333 thunderstorms section 13-1 p 329-333
TRANSCRIPT
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Thunderstorms
Section 13-1 p 329-333
Thunderstorms
Section 13-1 p 329-333
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HOW DO THUNDERSTORMS FORM ?
• Three Conditions that are Responsible
– lots of moisture in lower levels of the atmosphere
– air has to rise so water vapor can condense to release latent heat
– Portion of atmosphere where clouds mature must be unstable
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Two types of Thunderstorms
1. AIR-MASS THUNDERSTORMSWhen air rises because unequal heating within one air mass of the Earth’s surface
2. FRONTAL THUNDERSTORMS Formed by advancing cold fronts or in some cases advancing warm fronts(rare)
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Two Common Types of Air-Mass Thunderstorms
• 1. Mountain Thunderstorms
- result of orographic lifting
- air travels up the side of a Mt.
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2. Sea-Breeze Thunderstorms
- result of extreme temperature changes in the air over land and air over water
Two Common Types of Air-Mass Thunderstorms
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1. Cold Front: cold air pushing warm air quickly up cold-front boundary
– this motion produces a line of storms along leading edge of cold front, can be 100’s of km long
– Initial lift from push of cold air– Can continue long into night
Two Common Types of Frontal Thunderstorms
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Frontal Thunderstorm – COLD FRONT
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• Warm Front: warm air slides up and cold air mass , very mild t-storms can occur.
• Last for short period of time (less than an hour)
Two Common Types of Frontal Thunderstorms
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Frontal Thunderstorm – WARM FRONT
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CUMULUS STAGE
• Air rises vertically upward creating updrafts
• Moisture transported to upper portions of clouds
• Moisture condensed into droplets, releasing latent heat
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MATURE STAGE
• Precipitation Falls cooling surrounding air
• Creation of cool more dense air sinks to ground with precipitation
• Up & down drafts exist side by side in cumulonimbus clouds
• Convection cells form developing gusty winds
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DISSIPATION STAGE
• Characterized by the lingering of downdrafts
• Lack of warm air stops updrafts and the development of precipitation
• Cloud runs out of previously formed raindrops