This is a list of Latin words with derivatives in English

Nouns and adjectives The citation form for nouns (the one normally shown in Latin dictionaries) is the Latin nominative singular, but this typically does not exhibit the root form from which English nouns are generally derived.

Latin nouns and adjectives Citation

form Declining

stem Meaning English derivatives

acer acer- maple aceric acer acr- sharp acrid, acrimony acerbus acerb- bitter acerbic, acerbity, exacerbate acervus acerv- heap acervate, acervose acētum acēt- vinegar acetic acus acu- needle acuity, acumen, acupuncture, acute, acutifoliate adeps adip- fat adipose

adversus advers- set against, hostile adverse, adversity, adversary aedificium aedifici- building edifice aequus aequ-, -iqu- even, level adequate, equality, equity, iniquity aes aer- ore aevum aev- age, eon coeval, eviternal, longevity, mediaeval, primaeval ager agr-, -egr- field agriculture, peregrine ala al- wing alar, alate, aliform alacer alacr- quick alacrity albus alb- dull white albarium, albedo, albinism, albino, album, albumen

alius ali- other alias, alibi, alien

amplus ampl- ample amplification, amplitude anima anim- breath, soul, life animal, animate, animation

animus anim- mind, anger animosity

annus ann-, -enn- year anniversary, annual, annuity, biannual, millennium, perennial ānser ānser- goose anserine aqua aqu- water aquamarine, aquarium, Aquarius, aquatic, aqueduct, aquifer

aquila aquil- eagle aquiline arbor arbor- tree arboreal, arboretum

argentum argent- silver argent, Argentina

ars art- art, skill artifact, artificial asinus asin- donkey asinine audāx audāc- brave, bold audacious, audacity auris aur- ear aural, auricle

aurum aur- gold aureate, aureole

avis avi- bird Aves, avian, aviary, aviation baca bac- berry baccate, bacciferous, bacciform, baccivorous bellum bell- war antebellum, bellicose, belligerence, rebellion bellus bell- pretty embellish bene ben- good benediction, benefactor, benefit, benignity

bestia besti- animal bestial, bestiary

bini bin- two each binary, binate, combination bonus – melior – optimus

bon- – melior- – optim-

good – better – best

bonify, bonitary, bonus – ameliorate – optimal, optimist

bōs bov- cow, ox bovine

bracchium brac- arm, support embrace, braces, bracelet brevis brev- brief, short abbreviation, brevity bucca bucc- cheek, mouth, cavity buccal, buccinator muscle

bulbus bulb- bulbous bulbous, bulbule bulla bull- bubble, flask ebullient, ebullism

bursa burs- pouch, purse bursa, bursar, bursary, disburse butyrum butyr- butter butyric

calx

calc- -culc- heel inculcate

calx calc- limestone, pebble calciform, calcite, calcium, calculus, calculation

camera camer- vault bicameral, camera

campus camp- field campaign, champion

canis can- dog canary, canicule, canid, canine, Canis Major

caper capr- goat Capricorn, caprine capillus capill- hair capillaries capsa caps- box, case capsule, encapsulation caput capit-, -cipit- head cape, capital, decapitation, precipitation

carbo carbon- coal carbon

carcer carcer- jail incarceration

cardo cardin- hinge cardinal

caro carn- flesh carnage, carnal, carnary, carnation, carneous, carnival, carnivore, charnel, incarnate, incarnation

caseus case- cheese caseic, casein

catena caten- chain catenary, catenative, concatenation

cauda caud-, cod- tail caudal, coda caulis caul-, col- stalk, stem caulicle, cauliflorous, cauline causa caus-, -cus- accusative, causality, causative

cavus cav- hollow cave, cavity, concave, excavation celer celer- quick acceleration, celerity centeni centen- hundred each centenary centesimus centesim- hundredth centesimal, centesimation centum cent- hundred cent, centennial, centurion

cera cer- wax ceraceous certus cert- certain certiorari, certitude cervīx cervīc- neck cervical, cervix

ceterus ceter- other et cetera

cilium cili- eyelash cilia cinis ciner- ashes cinereous, cinerin, incinerator circus circ- circle circular, circus

cirrus cirr- curl, tentacle cirrus

cīvis cīv- citizen civil, civilian, civility clarus clar- clear clarity, declaration

clāvicula clāvicul- little key clavicle

clavis clav- key clavier

clemens clement- mild clemency, inclement collis coll- hill colliculus collum coll- neck collar

color color- color Colorado, coloration, coloratura, discolor, tricolor colum col- strainer colander

cor cord- heart accord, concordat, cordial, courage, discord corbis corb- basket corb, corf

cornū corn- horn Capricorn, cornea, cornucopia, unicorn

corona coron- crown corona, coronation

corpus corpor- body corporal, corporation, corporeal, corps, corpse, corpulent, corpuscle, incorporation cortex cortic- bark, rind corticosteroid corvus corv- raven corbel, corvine costa cost- rib costal coxa cox- hip coxal cras cras- tomorrow procrastinate crassus crass- thick crass, crassitude creta cret- chalk cretaceous

cribrum cribr- sieve cribble, cribellum, cribrate, cribriform crimen crimin- criminal crispus crisp- curled crispate crista crist- crest cristate crus crur- leg, shank crural crux cruc- cross crucial, crucifix, crucify, excruciating culina culin- kitchen culinary culpa culp- blame, fault culpable, exculpate cuneus cune- wedge cuneate, cuneiform cura cur- care cure, curious curtus curt- shortened curt curvus curv- bent curvature

cuspis cuspid- tip bicuspid cutis cut- hide, skin cuticle

damnum

damn- -demn- harm condemn, damage, damnation, indemnity

decem decem- ten December, decemfid, decempedal, decemviri

decimus decim- tenth decimal, decimate, decimation

decus decor- decorous, decorum deni den- ten each denarius, denary, dinero

dens dent- tooth dental, dentifrice, denture, indent, trident densus dens- thick condense, density

deus de- god deification, deity

dexter dextr- right dexterity, dexterous, dextral diēs diē- day diary, quotidian digitus digit- finger, toe digit, digital dignus dign- worthy condign, dignity

discipulus discipul- student disciple dominus domin- lord domain, dominate, dominion domus dom- house dome, domestic, domicile

dorsum dors- back dorsal, indorse dos dot- dowry dotal, dotation dulcis dulc- sweet dulcet, dulcimer duo du- two dual, duality, dubious, duet, duo, duplex durus dur- hard durable, duration, duress, endure, obdurate ensis ens- sword equus equ- horse equestrian, equine faba fab- bean faba bean, fabaceous faber fabr- fabric faenum faen- hay falx falc- sickle falcate, falciform fames fam- hunger famine, famished fanum fan- temple profanity

fascis fasc- bundle fasciculation

fatuus fatu- foolish, useless fatuous, infatuation

fauces fauc-, -foc- throat faucal, suffocate fēlēs fēl- cat felid, Felinae, feline fēlix fēlic- happy felicitations, felicitous, felicity fēmina fēmin- woman effeminate, femininity

femur femor- thigh femoral, femur

fenestra fenestr- window defenestration

ferox feroc- fierce ferocious, ferocity ferrum ferr- iron ferrite, ferrous ferus fer- wild feral, ferine ficus fic- fig Ficus

fides fid- faith, trust confidence, fidelity, infidel, infidelity, perfidy fīlia fīlius

fīli- fīli-

daughter son

affiliation, filial

filum fil- thread bifilar, filament

fīnis fīn- end, limit affine, affinity, confines, confinity, definition, final, finish, finite, infinity, infinitive

firmus firm- firm confirmation, firmament

fiscus fisc- basket confiscation, fiscal fistula fistul- pipe, tube fistula, fistulate flaccus flacc- flabby flaccid flavus flav- yellow flavin, flavivirus, flavonoid

flōs flōr- flower floral, florid, floriferous, florist, floruit

focus foc- hearth bifocal, focal foedus foeder- confederation, federal folium foli- leaf defoliant, foliage, folio, folivore, portfolio follis foll- bellows follicle, follicular fons font- fountain, spring font, fontal, fontanelle

foris for- outdoors foreclose, foreign, forest, forum fōrma fōrm- form, shape conformity, deformity, formal, formation, formative, formula, formulary, information formica formic- ant formic formus form- warm fornix fornic- vault fornication, forniciform

fors fort- luck fortuitous, fortune fortis fort- strong effort, fortification, fortify, fortitude

fovea fove- shallow round depression fovea, foveal, foveole

frāter frātr- brother fraternal, fraternity, fratricide fraus fraud- fraud defraud, fraudulent frequens frequent- often frequency, frequentative

frōns front- forehead affront, confront, front, frontage, frontal frustum frust- piece frustule, frustulent, frustum

frūx frūg- fruit frugal fūmus fūm- smoke fume, fumigation fundus fund- bottom fundamentalism, profundity fungus fung- mushroom fungal, fungicide funis fun- rope funicular

fur fur- thief furuncle furca furc- fork bifurcation furtum furt- theft furtive fuscus fusc- dark obfuscation

gens gent- gentile, gentility, gentle genu genu- knee genuflection

genus gener-

birth, offspring, creation general, generation, generic, generous, genuine

glacies glaci- ice glacial, glacier

gladius gladi- sword gladiator, gladiolus

gluten glutin- glue agglutination, glutinous gradus grad- step degrade, gradation, grade, gradient, gradine, gradual, graduation, prograde, retrograde granum gran- grain granary, granite, granule gravis grav- heavy aggravate, gravamen, grave, gravid, gravitation, gravity grex greg- flock, herd aggregate, congregation, egregious, gregarious, segregation grossus gross- thick gross gula gul- gullet, gully gurges gurgit- regurgitate

gustus gust- taste disgust, gustatory, gusto gutta gutt- drop guttifer, guttiform guttur guttur- throat guttural herba herb- grass herbaceous, herbal, herbicide

hibernus hibern- hibernacle, hibernal hiems hiem- winter hiemal homō homin- man (human being) homicide, hominid hortus hort- garden cohort, horticulture

hostis host- enemy hostile humus hum- ground humiliate, humility ignis ign- fire igneous, ignite, ignition inguen inguin- groin inguinal īnsula īnsul- island insular, insulate, peninsula iocus jocus joc- jest jocular, joke

iūdex judex iūdic- judge judge, judicial, judiciary, adjudicate

iugum jugum iug- yoke conjugal, conjugate

iūs iūr- right, law abjure, conjure, justice, jurisdiction iuvenis juvenis juven- young juvenile

labia labi- lip labial, labium labor labor- toil elaboration, laborious labrum labr- lip labrose, labrum

lac lact- milk lactate, lactic, lactose lacrima lacrim- tear lachrymose lapis lapid- stone dilapidate, lapidary lassus lass- lassitude latex latic- liquid laticifer

latus lat- broad, wide latifoliate, latitude

latus later- side collateral, lateral

laus laud- praise laud, laudable, Lauds

laxus lax- loose laxity, relax lenis leni- gentle leniency lens lent- lentil lenticel, lenticular lentus lent- lentic, relent leo leon- lion leonine lepus lepor- hare leporid, leporine levis lev- light (weight) levity, relieve lēx lēg- law alleged, legal, legislation, privilege

liber liber- free liberal liber libr- book library

libra libr- balance, scales equilibrium lignum lign- wood ligneous, lignite limbus limb- edge limbate, limbic, limbo

linea line- line collinear, linearity lingua lingu- tongue bilingual, lingua franca, linguistics, multilingual lira lir- furrow delirium

littera litter- letter alliteration, literary, literature

locus loc- place locality, locative

longus long- long elongate, longitude, oblong, prolong lucrum lucr- lucrative, lucre lumen lumin- light luminary, luminous lūna lūn- Moon lunar, lunate, lunatic lupus lup- wolf lupine lux luc- light Lucifer, luciferous macula macul- spot immaculate, macula, macular, macule magister magistr- master magisterial, magistrate

magnus – māior – maximus

magn- – māior- – maxim-

big, great – bigger – biggest

magnate, magnitude – majority – maximum

malus – peior

mal- – peior-

bad – worse

malevolence, malice, malignant – pejorative

– pessimus – pessim- – worst – pessimist manus manu- hand manicure, manual, manuscript

mare mar- sea marine, mariner, maritime, ultramarine

Mars marti- Mars martial, Martian māter mātr- mother material, maternal, maternity, matrimony, matrix, matron, matter

medius medi- middle immediate, intermediate, media, medial, median, mediator, mediety, medieval, mediocre, medium

mel mell- honey mellifluent memor memor- mindful commemorate, memoir, memorial, memory

menda mend- blemish emend mens ment- mind mental merus mer- pure mere miles milit- soldier militant, military, militia

mille mill- thousand millennium, millipede

modus mod- modal mollis moll- soft emollient mons mont- mountain montage, montane, monticule, montiform, montigenous mora mor- delay moratorium morbus morb- sickness morbid, morbidity mors mort- death mortal, rigor mortis

mortuus mort- dead mortgage, mortuary,morgue

mos mor- custom morality, mores multus – plus

mult- – plur-

many – more

multitude plurality

mulus mul- mule mular mundus mund- world mundane murus mur- wall mural mus mur- mouse murine nasus nas- nose nasal navis nav- ship naval neuter neutr- neither neutral niger nigr- black denigrate

nihil nihil- nothing nil, nihilism, annihilate nodus nod- knot nodal, nodule nomen nomin- name ignominy, nominal, nominative, postnominal, trinominal

nonageni nonagen- ninety each nonagenarian, nonagenary nōnus non- ninth nonary, None

norma norm- carpenter's square enormous, norm, normal, normative

novus nov- new innovative, novelty, novice

nox noct- night equinox, nocturnal nudus nud- naked denude, nudity numerus numer- number enumerate, innumerable, numeracy, numeral, numerator, numerous octāvus octav- eighth octaval, octave octō oct- eight octal, octangular, octennial, octuple octōni octon- eight each octonary, octonion

oculus ocul- eye inoculation, ocular omen omin- ominous omnis omn- all omnipotence, omnipresence, omniscience, omnivore

onus oner- burden, load exonerate, onerous, onus opacus opac- shady opacity ops op- copious, opulent opus oper- work opera, operose, opuscule orbis orb- ring orb, orbit

ordo ordin- order ordinal, ordinance, ordinary, ordination

os or- mouth oral, orifice os oss- bone exossation, ossify, ossuary

otium oti- leisure negotiate, otiose ovis ov- sheep ovine ovum ov- egg oval, ovary, oviposition, ovule, ovum

palus pal- stake impale, pale, palisade par par- equal comparative, comparator, disparage, disparity, parile, parity, peer paries pariet- wall parietal pars part- piece compartment, departure, partial, particle

parvus parv- small parvovirus passer passer- sparrow passerine

pater patr- father paternal, paternity, patrimony, patron, perpetrate paucus pauc- few paucal, paucity pavīmentum pavīment- ground pavement pax pac- peace pacific, pacify pectus pector- chest pectoral pēs ped- foot biped, expedient, expedition, impediment, pedal, pedestrian, pedicure

pestis pest- pest pesticide, pestiferous, pestilence pinna pinn- feather pen, pinnate, pinniped

pinnaculum pinnac- gable/peak pinnacle

pirus pir- pear piriform piscis pisc- fish pisces, pisciform, piscine planta plant- sole plantar planus plan- flat planar, plane

platea plate- place placement plebs pleb- common people plebian plenus plen- full plenary, plenitude, plenum pluma plum- feather plumage

pluvia pluvi- rain pluvial

pondus ponder- weight ponderous, pound, preponderance pons pont- bridge pontine, pontoon porcus porc- pig porcine porta port- gate porch, portal, portico prandium prandi- lunch prandial, preprandial pravus prav- crooked depravity pretium preti- price depreciation, precious prex prec- prayer preces

prior – prīmus

prior- – prīm-

former – first

priority – primal, primary, prime, primer, primordial

privus priv- own privacy, private probus prob- probable, probation, probative, probity, reprobate

proprius propri- proper appropriate, propriety prunus prun- plum prune

pulcher pulchr- beautiful pulchritude pulmo pulmon- lung pulmonary pulvis pulver- dust, powder pulverize punctum punct- point contrapuntal, punctual, punctuation

purus pur- pure impurity, purity pus pur- pus purulent quadrini quadrin- four each quadrin quadrum quadr- square quadrate, quadratic, quadrature

quartus quart- fourth quartal, quartan, quartic

quaterni quatern- four each quaternary, quaternion

quintus quint- fifth quintal, quintan, quintessence, quintic

radius radi- ray, spoke radial, radian

radix radic- root eradicate, radical, radicand ramus ram- branch ramification, ramose remus rem- oar bireme, quinquereme

rēn ren- kidney adrenal, renal, reniform res re- thing reality rete ret- net reticulate, retiform, retina

rēx rēg- king regal, regent

ripa rip- bank riparian

ritus rit- rite ritual

rivus riv- brook derive, rival, rivose, rivulet rosa ros- rose rosaceous, rosary rota rot- wheel rotary, rotation

ruber rubr- red erubescent, rubric rūdis rūd- rude erudite, rudimentary ruga rug- wrinkle corrugate, rugose rūs rūr- countryside, farm rural, rustic sacer sacr- sacred sacrifice, sacristy

saepes saep- hedge septum

sal sal- salt salary, salinity

sanguis sanguin- blood consanguineous, sanguine sanus san- sound insanity, sanatorium

semen semin- seed disseminate, semen, seminal, seminar, seminary

semis semi- half semicolon, semiconductor, semiconscious, seminatural senex sen- old man senator, senility, senior seni sen- six each senary

septem sept- seven septangular, septemvir, septennial septeni septen- seven each septenary sex sex- six sexangular, sexavalent, sexennial sexageni sexagen- sixty each sexagenarian, sexagenary

sexagesimus sexagesim- sixtieth sexagesimal

sextus sext- sixth bissextile, Sext, sextan, sextans, sextic, sextile

sibilus sibil- hiss sibilant siccus sicc- dry desiccant, desiccation

sidus sider- constellation consider, sidereal silva silv- forest silvan, silviculture

similis simil- like similar, verisimilitude sincerus sincer- sincerity singulus singul- one each singularity

sinister sinistr- left sinister, sinistral sinus sinu- curve sinuous sol sol- sun insolate, solar, soliform solum sol- bottom insole, sole

solus sol- alone, only sole, solitary, solitude, solo somnus somn- sleep insomnia, somnolent sonus son- sound absonant, assonance, consonant, dissonance, resonance, sonorant, sonority sopor sopor- deep sleep sopor, soporific soror soror- sister sororal, sororate, sororicide, sorority

spes sper- hope desperado, desperate

spina spin- thorn spinal, spinescent, spiniferous, spiniform squama squam- scale squamate, squamella, squamiform, squamose, squamous

stria stri- furrow striation, striature strix strig- owl strigine suavis suav- sweet suave sucus succus

succ- juice succulent

sulcus sulc- furrow sulcal, sulcate, sulciform tardus tard- slow retard, tardy tempus tempor- time contemporaneous, contemporary, temporal, temporary tenuis tenu- thin attenuate, extenuating, tenuous terminus termin- boundary interminable, terminal, terminative

terni tern- three each ternary, ternion

terra terr- dry land terrace, terracotta, terrain, terrestrial, extraterrestrial, territory tertius terti- third Terce, tertial, tertian, tertiary, tertiate testis test- witness intestate, testament, testimony

totus tot- all, whole totality tres tri- three triangle, triceps, triennial tricae tric- tricks extricate turba turb- disturbance, turbidity, turbine

umbra umbr- shade, shadow adumbration, penumbra, umbrage, umbrella

uncia unci- twelfth ounce, quincuncial, uncial

unda und- wave abundant, inundate, redundant, undulate unus un- one coadunate, unary, unate, uniformity, union urbs urb- city suburb, urban ursus urs- bear ursine vacuus vacu- empty vacuous, vacuum

vagus vag- wandering vagile, vague vallum vall- rampart interval, vallate vanus van- empty, vain vanity

varius vari- varying variable, variety, various vas vas- vessel vasal, vase

vastus vast- empty devastate, vastitude vehiculum vehicul- wagon vehicle, vehicular velox veloc- quick, swift velocity velum vel- sail, veil velamen, velar, velate vena ven- vein venation, venous, venule

venter ventr- belly ventral, ventricle, ventriloquy

ventus vent- wind ventilator venum ven- venality

venus vener- desire venerable, venereal verbum verb- word adverb, proverbial, verbal, verbatim, verbose vermis verm- worm vermian, vermicelli, vermicular, vermiculite, vermiform vernus vern- spring vernal vērus ver- true veracious, veracity, verify, veritable, verity vesper vesper- evening vespertine vestigium vestig- trace, track vestigial vestis vest- clothing vest, vestment, vesture vetus veter- old veteran via vi- way devious, obvious, trivial, viaduct, vialis

vicis vic- change vicarious, vicissitude vicus vic- vicinal, vicinity vigesimus vigesim- twentieth septemvigesimal, vigesimal

vilis vil- cheap, vile revile, vilify vīlla vill- country house villa, village

vinum vin- wine viniculture

vir vir- man (masculine) triumvirate, virile, virility, virtue virga virg- rod, twig virgate, virgule

viscus viscer- internal organ eviscerate, visceral vita vit- life vital, vitality vitium viti- vice, vicious, vitiate vitrum vitr- glass vitreous, vitriol

viverra viverr- ferret viverrid, viverrine

vola vol- palm volar vox voc- voice advocate, vocal, vocative, vociferous vulgus vulg- crowd vulgar, vulgarity, vulgate

vulnus vulner- wound vulnerable, vulnerose vulpēs vulp- fox vulpicide, vulpine

Verbs In some Latin verbs, a preposition caused a vowel change in the root of the verb. For example, "capiō" prefixed with "in" becomes "incipio".

Latin verbs Citation

form Present

stem Perfect

stem Participial

stem Meaning English derivatives

aceō ac- acu- – be sour acid

agō -igō

ag- -ig- eg- āct- act, drive

action, actual, actuary, agenda, agency, agent, agility, agitate, ambiguous, castigate, coagment, coagulate, cogent, cogitate, exact, exigent, fumigate, indefatigable, intransigent, litigate, mitigate, navigate, purgatory, purge, redact, retroactive, variegate

alō

al- -ol- -ul-

alu- alit- alt- nourish adolescent, adult, alimentary, alimony, alma mater, alumnus, coalesce, coalition

ambulō ambul- ambulav- ambulat- walk amble, ambulance, ambulatory, preamble

amō am- amav- amat- like, love amateur, enamor appello appell- appellav- appellat- call, address appeal, appellant, appellate, appellation

apō

ap- api- epi-

ap- apt- -ept- fasten adapt, apt, inept

ardeō ard- ars- ars- be on fire ardent, ardor areō ar- – – be dry arid

arguō argu- argu- argut- argue, argument audeō aud- aus- - be bold, dare

audiō aud- audiv- audit- hear audible, audition, auditorium augeō aug- aux- auct- increase auction, augmentation, augmentative

aveō av- - avarice, avid bibō bib- bib- bibit- drink bibulous, imbibe cadō -cidō

cad- -cid- cecid- cas- fall accident, cadence, case, decadent, deciduous, incident, recidivous

caedō

caed- -cid- cecid- caes-

-cis- cut caesura, concise, decision, excise, incision, precise, succise

caleō cal- calu- - be warm calid, calor, calorie

canō

can- -cin- cecin- cant-

-cent- sing cantata, canticle, cantor, cantus, incantation, recant

capiō -cipiō cap- cep-

-cip- capt- -cept- take accept, capable, capacity, caption, captious, captive, capture, concept, deception,

except, incipient, intercept, recipe, recipient, receptacle, reception careō car- caru- carit- lack charity, precarious carpō -cerpō

carp- -cerp- carps- carpt-

-cerpt- pick, pluck carpe diem, excerpt

caveō cav- cav- caut- beware caution, caveat, precaution

cēdō cēd- cess- cess- yield, depart abscess, accede, concede, decedent, excessive, intercede, precede, precession, précis, recede, recession, secession

cēlō -culō

cēl- -cul- celav- celat-

-cult- hide conceal, occult

cenō cen- cenav- cenat- dine cernō cern- crev- cret- separate, sift discern, discrete, excretion, secretion cieō ci- civ- cit- excitement, incite cingō cing- cinx- cinct- encircle, gird cincture, succinct clāmō clām- clāmāv- clāmāt- call acclamation, clamor, exclaim, proclamation claudō -clūdō

claud- -clūd- claus- claus-

-clūs- close clause, conclude, exclusive, occlusion, preclude

clinō clin- clinav- clinat- lean decline, inclination, recline cogitō cogit- cogitav- cogitat- think, ponder cogitate colligō collig- colleg- collect- collect collect

colō

col- cul- colu- colt-

cult- colony, cultivate, culture

cōnor con- conat- – try conation

coquō coqu- cox- coct- cook coctile, concoct, decoction, precocious consulō consul- consulu- consult- consult consult, counsel creō cre- - creat- make creation, creature crescō cresc- - cret- grow accretion, crescendo, crescent, decrease cubō cub- cubu- cubat- lie concubinage, incubator, succubus

-cumbō -cumb- -cubu- -cubit- lie incumbent, recumbence, succumb cupiō cup- cupiv- cupit- desire cupidity currō curr- cucurr- curs- run course, current, cursive, cursor, discourse, occurrence, recursion dicō dic- dicav- dicat- dedicate, predicate

dicō dic- dix- dict- say diction, edict, prediction

dō d- ded- -did-

dat- -dit- give addendum, dative, editor, perdition, redditive, tradition

doceō doc- docu- doct- teach doctor, doctrine, document doleō dol- dolui dolit- grieve dolor, condolence dormiō dorm- dormiv- dormit- sleep dormitory dubitō dubit- dubitav- dubitat- doubt indubitable ducō duc- dux- duct- lead abductor, conductor, deduce, deductible, deduction, duct, educe, reduction edō ed- ed- es- eat edible, esculent emō -imō

em- -im- em- empt- buy exempt, preemptive, redeem, redemption

eō e- i- it- go ambient, ambit, ambition, coitus, exit, obituary, preterite, sedition, transit errō err- errav- errat- stray errant, erratic, erratum

faciō -ficiō

fac- -fic-

fec- -fic-

fact- -fect- make

confect, confectionery, deficient, difficulty, effective, efficiency, facile, fact, faction, factious, factory, factual, faculty, infection, office, official, perfection, perfective, prefecture, proficient, semelfactive

fallō fall- fefell- fals- fallacy, falsity faveō fav- favu- favit- favor fendō fend- - fens- defend, fence, offensive

ferō fer- tul- lāt- bear, bring ablative, allative, conifer, correlation, difference, delative, elative, fertile, fertility, illative, inference, interfere, lative, perlative, preference, prolate, prolative, refer, reference, referendum, relate, sublative, superlative, transfer, translation

ferveō ferv- - - fervid, fervor

fīgō fīg- fīx- fix- fix affix, crucifixion, fixure, suffix findō find- fid- fiss- cleave, split bifid, fissile, fission, fissure, fistula

fingō fing- finx- fict- fashion, invent fiction, fictive, figment

fiō fi- – – be made fiat flectō flect- flex- flex- bend deflect, flexible, flexure, inflection, reflex fligō flig- flix- flict- strike affliction, conflict, inflict, profligate flō fl- flav- flat- blow conflate, flatulence, inflate, soufflé, sufflate fluō flu- flux- flux- flow affluent, confluence, effluent, flume, influx fodiō fod- fod- foss- dig fossil

for f- fat– – say, speak affable, fabulous, fame, fate, ineffable, infamy, infant frangō -fringō

frang- -fring- freg- fract- break diffract, fractal, fraction, fracture, fragile, fragment, infringe, suffrage

fricō fric- fricu- frict- rub fricative, friction

frigeō frig- - - be cold frigid frigō frig- frix- frict- parch fruor fru- fruct- – enjoy fugiō fug- fug- fugit- flee fugitive, refugee fundō fund- fūd- fūs- pour confound, effusive, fusion, profusion, refund fungor fung- funct- – do defunct, fungible, function gaudeō gaud- - gavis- rejoice gerō ger- gess- gest- carry agger, congestion, digestion, gerund, gestation, gesture, ingest, suggest gradior -gredior

gradi- -gredi-

gress- -gress- – step egress, gradient, ingredient, progressive, transgression

gustō gust- gustav- gustat- taste gustation, gustatory habeō -hibeō

habe- -hibe- habu- habit-

-hibit- have exhibit, habitual, inhibitory, prohibitive, rehabilitation

haereō haer- haes- haes- cling, stick adhere, cohesion, hesitation

halō

hal- -hel- halav- halat- breathe exhale, inhalation

hauriō hauri- haus- haust- draw exhaust hiō hi- hiav- hiat- gape hiatal, hiatus

iaceō iac- iacu- jacit- be thrown, lie adjacent iaciō -iciō iac- iec-

(j)ic- jact- -ject- throw abject, conjecture, ejector, inject, objective, projectile, reject

irascor irasc- irat- – be angry irascible, irate labor lab- laps- – slide, slip collapse, elapse, labile, prolapse, relapse laciō -liciō

lac- -lic- -licu- –

-lect- lure delicious, elicit, illicit

laedō -lidō

laed- -lid-

laes- -lis-

laes- -lis- hurt collide, elision, lesion

langueō langu- - - languid, languish, languor laudō laud- laudav- laudat- praise laud, laudable, laudatory lavō lav- lav- laut-, lot- wash lavatory, loment, lotion, loture lēgō lēg- legav- legat- send allege, delegate, relegation

legō -ligō

leg- -lig- leg- lect- choose,

gather, read collect, diligence, election, eligible, lecture, legend, legible, neglect, negligence, selective

leō l- - let- -lit- deletion, indelible

libō lib- libav- libat- pour libation libō lib- - libit- please libido

ligō lig- ligav- ligat- bind ligament, ligature, obligation linquō linqu- liqu- lict- abandon delinquent, derelict, relinquish, reliquary liveō liv- - – livid, livor locō loc- locav- locat- place, put allocate, location loquor loqu- locut- – speak circumlocution, colloquial, eloquence, grandiloquent, interlocutory luceō luc- lux- – be light, shine lucent, pellucid luctor luct- luctat- – wrestle reluctance

lūdō lūd- lūs- lūs- play allusion, collude, illusion, ludicrous luō lu- lu- lut- wash dilute, elution, pollution

maneō man- mans- mans- stay immanent, mansion, permanent, remain mānō mān- manav- manat- flow emanation meō me- meav- meat- go, pass permeate mergō merg- mers- mers- dip emerge, immerse

migrō migr- migrav- migrat- emigrate, immigrant, migration minuō minu- minu- minut- lessen diminuendo, diminution, diminutive

misceō misc- miscu- mixt- mix admixture, miscible, mixture mittō mitt- mīs- miss- send commissure, commit, manumission, missile, missive molō mol- molu- molit- grind demolition, emolument, molar

moneō mon- monu- monit- warn admonition, monitor, premonition monstrō monstr- monstrav- monstrat- demonstrate moveō mov- mov- mot- move demotion, commotion, emotion, motile, motion, motive, motor, move, promotion

narrō narr- narrav- narrat- tell narrative, narrator

nascor nasc- nat- gnat- – be born agnate, cognate, innate, nascent, natal, nation, native, nature, prenatal, supernatural

natō nat- natav- natat- float, swim natatorium

necō nec- necav- necat- kill enecate nectō nect- nexu- nex- join, tie annex, connect, nexus

nōscō -gnōscō

nōsc- -gnōsc- nosc-

nōt- -gnōt-, -gnit-

know cognitive, ignoble, nobility, notable, notice, notion

nuntiō nunt- nuntiav- nuntiat- bring news of, announce announce, renunciation

nutriō nutr- nutriv- nutrit- nourish nutrient, nutriment, nutrition, nutritious ōdi od- - – hate odious, odium oleō ol- olu- - smell olid, redolent optō opt- optav- optat- choose adopt, opt orior ori- ort– – rise abort, orient orō or- orav- orat- speak orator, perorate palleō pall- pallu- - be pale pallid, pallor pangō -pingō

pang- -ping- pepig- pact- fasten compact, impact, impingement

pareō par- paru- parit- be ready apparent, apparition, disparition, transparent pareō par- paru- parit- obey parent, parenthood

pariō

par- -per- peper- part-

-pert- biparous, parent, vivipary

parō par- parav- parat- make ready disparate, prepare, reparation, separate

pascō pasc- pav- past- feed pastor, pasture, repast pateō pat- patu- – be open patent patior pat- pass- – endure compatible, passive, patient paviō pav- paviv- pavit- beat pavement pellō pell- pepul- puls- push compel, depulsion, propel, repulsion

pendeō pend- pepend- – be hanging, hang dependent, pending, pensile, propensity

pendō pend- pepend- pens- weigh compendium, dispense, expend, pension, pensive, suspense perior per- - – experience, experiment, peril petō pet- petiv- petit- seek, attack appetite, compete, impetus, petulant, repetition pingō ping- pinx- pict- paint depict, picture, pigment

placeō -pliceō

plac- -plic- placu- placit-

-plicit- please complacent, placid

placō plac- placav- placat- implacable, placate plangō plang- planx- planct- plangent plaudō -plodō

plaud- -plod- plaus- plaus-

-plos- clap applaud, explode, plaudit, plausible

plectō plect- plex- plex- plait complexity, perplex

pleō ple- plev- plet- fill completion, deplete, implement, plenary, plenitude, plenum, replete, supplement, suppletion

plicō plic- plicav- plicat- fold complicate, duplication, multiplicand, replicate plōrō plor- plorav- plorat- deplore, implore poliō pol- poliv- polit- smoothen interpolate, polish, polite pōnō pōn- posu- posit- put component, composite, depositor, juxtaposition, postpone, repository portō port- portav- portat- carry comport, deportation, export, import, portable, portage, transport, transportation potō pot- potav- potat- drink potable, potion precor prec- precat- – pray deprecate, precarious

prehendō

prehend-prend- prehend- prehens-

prens- grasp apprehension, comprehend, prehensile, reprehensible

premō -primō

prem- -prim- press- press- press, push imprimatur, oppress, pressure, repression, reprimand

pugnō pugn- pugnav- pugnat- fight impugn, pugnacious, repugnant pungō pung- pupug- punct- prick puncture, pungent

putō put- putav- putat- prune, think amputation, compute, deputy, dispute, impute, putative, reputable, reputation quaerō -quirō

quaer- -quir- quaesiv- quaesit-

-quisit- search, seek acquisition, inquire, inquisitive, perquisite, query

quatiō -cutiō

quat- -cut- - quass-

-cuss- shake concussion, decussation, percussion

radō rad- ras- ras- scrape, shave abrade, erasure ranceō ranc- - - be rotten rancid, rancor rapiō -ripiō

rap- -rip- rapu- rapt-

-rept- rapacious, rape, rapidity, rapt, raptor, rapture, surreptitious

recordor record- recor- recordat- remember, recall record

regō -rigō

reg- -rig- rex- rect- keep straight correction, director, dirigible, incorrigible, rectitude, resurrection

repō rep- reps- rept- crawl, creep reptile

rideō ride- ris- ris- laugh, smile derision, ridiculous, risible rigeō rig- – – be stiff rigid, rigor rodō rod- ros- ros- gnaw corrode, erosion, rodent rogō rog- rogav- rogat- ask abrogate, derogatory, interrogation rumpō rump- rup- rupt- break, burst abrupt, corrupt, disrupt, eruption, interrupt, rupture saliō -siliō

sal- -sil-

salu- -silu- salt- jump assail, assault, resilient, salient

saltō

salt- -sult- saltav- saltat-

-sultat- desultory, exult, result

scandō -scendō

scand- -scend- scand- scans-

-scens- climb ascend, condescension, descent, scansion, transcendental

scīō sci- sciv- scit- know conscience, nescience, plebiscite, prescient, science scrībō scrīb- scrips- scrīpt- write describe, prescription, scripture, scribble, transcribe

secō sec- secu- sect- cut bisect, dissection, intersect, intersectionality, secant, sectile, section, sector, segment, trisectrix, vivisection

sedeō -sideō

sede- -side- sed- sess- sit dissident, insidious, obsession, presidium, reside, sedentary, sediment, sessile,

session, subside, supersede sedō sed- sedav- sedat- sedative sentiō senti- sens- sens- feel assent, consensus, dissent, sentence, sentient, sentiment

sequor sequ- secut- sum – follow consecutive, persecute, prosecutive, sequence, sequent, subsequent serō ser- seru- sert- desert, insertion, series serpō serp- serps- serpt- crawl serpent serviō serv- serviv- servit- serve servile, servitude servō serv- servav- servat- save conservation, observant, preserve sistō sist- stet- stat- cause to stand consistent, insist, persist, subsist solvō solv- solv- solut- loosen absolutive, absolve, dissolve, resolve, soluble, solution, solvent sordeō sord- sordu- - be dirty sordid speciō -spiciō

spec- -spic- spex- spect- look aspect, conspicuous, inspector, introspection, respect, specimen, specious

spirō spir- spirav- spirat- breathe aspiration, inspire, respiration splendeō splend- splendu- - splendid, splendor squaleō squal- squalu- - squalid, squalor statuō -stituō

statu- -stitu-

statu- -stitu-

statut- -stitut- cause to stand constituent, destitute, institution, restitution, statuary

staurō staur- staurav- staurat- instauration, restaurant, restoration sternō stern- strav- strat- spread, strew prostrate, stratum, substratum

stō st- stet- stat- stand constant, distance, extant, instant, reinstatement, stable, stamen, stamina, staminal, stance, stanchion, state, stationary, stative, stature, status, stet

stringō string- strinx- strict- squeeze astringent, restriction, stricture struō stru- strux- struct- construe, destruction, instruct, instrumental, superstructure studeō stud- studu- - student, studious stupeō stup- stupu- - be stunned stupid, stupor suadeō suad- suas- suas- dissuade, persuasion

sum es- fu- futur- be absent, adessive, antessive, essence, essential, essive, exessive, future, inessive, present, subessive

sūmō sum- sumps- sumpt- take assume, consumption, presumptive, resume, subsume suō su- su- sūt- sew assument, suture

taceō

tac- -tic- tacu- tacit- keep silent reticent, tacit

tangō -tingō

tang- -ting-

tetig- -tig- tact- touch contact, contingent, intact, integral, pertingent, tactile, tangent, tangible

tegō teg- tex- tect- cover detect, integument, protect

tendō tend- tetend- tens- stretch extend, intense, portend, tendency, tendentious, tension, tensure teneō -tineō

ten- -tin-

tenu- -tinu- tent- have, hold abstinence, content, continent, detention, discontent, maintain, malcontent, retain,

retinue, sustain, tenet, tenor

tergeō terg- ters- ters- wipe detergent, terse terō ter- triv- trit- rub, wear attrition, contrite, detritivore, detritus

texō tex- texu- text- weave context, pretext, subtext, textile, texture

timeō tim- timu- – be afraid timidity, timorous tinniō tinn- tinniv- tinnit- ring tinnitus

torqueō torqu- tors- tort- twist contort, extortion, torque, torture

torreō torr- torru- tost- torrent, torrid trahō trah- trax- tract- drag, draw abstract, detract, distract, extract, protractor, retract, subtrahend, traction tueor tu- tut-, tuit- – intuitive, tuition, tutelage, tutor tumeō tum- tumu- - be swollen tumescent, tumid, tumor

turgeō turg- - - turgid umeō um- - - be moist humidity urō ur- uss- ust- burn adustion, urn utor ut- us- – use use, usufruct, usure, usurp, usury, utility vacō vac- vacav- vacat- be empty vacant, vacation vadō vad- vas- vas- go evade, invasion, pervasive valeō val- valu- valit- be strong ambivalent, prevalent, valence, valid, valor vehō veh- vex- vect- carry convection, convex, inveigh, vector, vehicle vellō vell- vuls- vuls- convulse, revulsion

veniō ven- ven- vent- come advent, adventist, adventure, contravene, convene, convent, convention, eventual, intervention, prevention, provenience, venture

vertō vert- vert- vers- turn adverse, averse, controversy, convertible, extrovert, incontrovertible, inversion, reverse, revert, subversive, versicle, version

videō vidē- vid- vīs- see evidence, improvise, invisible, provident, proviso, video, visage, vision, visor, televise, advice,

vidō vid- vis- vis- dividend, individual, divisor vincō vinc- vic- vict- conquer, win convince, eviction, victory vivō viv- vix- vict- live revive, survivor, victim, vivacity, vivid vocō voc- vocav- vocat- call convocation, provocative

volō vol- volav- volat- fly volatile volō vell- volu- – wish benevolent, malevolent, volition, voluntary volvō volv- volv- volūt- roll convolution, evolve, revolution vorō vor- vorav- vorat- swallow carnivore, devour, voracious voveō vov- vov- vot- vow devotion, votive

Prepositions and other words used to form compound words

Latin prepositions and other words Word Meaning Prefixes ā, ab away from ab-, a-, abs-, as- ad to, toward ad-, a-, ac-, af-, ag-, ar- aequus equal equi- ambo both ambi-, amb- ante before ante-, anti- bis twice bi-, bis- circum around circum- cis this side of cis- contrā against, opposite to contra-, contro- cum together, with con-, co-, col-, com-, cor- dē down from de- dexter right, to the right hand dextro- dis- apart dis-, di-, dif-, dir- ex, ē from, out of ex-, e-, ef- extrā outside extra- in in, into in-, il-, im-, ir- īnfrā below infra- inter among, between inter-, intel-

intrā within intra-, intro- iuxtā beside juxta- malus bad mal- multus much, many multi- non not non- ob, obs toward, against, in the way of, by reason of ob-, oc-, of-, op- paene almost pen- per thorough, through per- post after, behind post- prae before pre- praeter by, past preter- prō for, in front of pro-, por-, prod- (re) again, back re-, red- retro backwards retro- sē apart, without se-, sed- sub from below, under, up to, close to sub-, su-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sus-subter beneath subter- super above, over super- suprā above, more than supra- trāns across trans-, tra-, tran- ultrā beyond ultra-