third edition ib book 2nd sep07

7/31/2019 Third Edition IB Book 2nd Sep07

1/202

EkvitkovebkoaEkvitkovebkoaDy~eki~~Dy~eki~~

VMI HOKOJIHIKV NBK^BTVEYH

G Nao~~ tbbh ^vyfu Hoviteoa lbt wte|ovi netnyaovebk~ bkau0 oaa tejmv~ ti~it|if zevm HO Dytjmovi


2/202

EkvitkovebkoaDy~eki~~

^VYFU HOVITEOA O^ WIT YKE\ITÊVU ÛAAODY^

Let~v Ifevebk3 Cyki 7>înbkf ti|e~if Ifevebk3 îwvihdit 7 (


4/202

Ft+ H+O+ DytjmoviMBF0 Ft+Wokcodtob Fi~mhy`m Ek~vevyvi bl Hokojihikv Vinmkbabju Ti~iotnm!Fmokzovi Kovebkoa Nbaaiji! Kojwyt

^vyfu Hoviteoa bk Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ du ( Kojwyt( 6 (


5/202

Vodai bl Nbkvikv~

NmowvitKb+

Nbkvikv~ Woji kb+

? Jabdoaesovebk 9

4 Ekfeo~ Lbtiejk Vtofi >4

> ^it|eni I}wbtv Eknayfekj ^blvzoti I}wbtv~ 9=

6 Ek~vevyvebk~ ek I}wbtv Wtbhbvebk :7

9 Zbtaf Vtofi Btjokesovebk -ZVB% ==

< Tbai bl Lekokneoa Ek~vevyvebk Okf I}wbtv Lekokni ?4:

: I}nmokji Tovi ?67

= Nbk|itvedeaevu?9>

5 Eknbvith~ I}waoekif ?


6/202

Nmowvit(?JabdoaesovebkJabdoaesovebk -bt jabdoae~ovebk% ek ev~ aevitoa ~ik~i e~ o ~bneoa nmokji! ok ekntio~i eknbkkinvebk~ ohbkj ~bneivei~ okf vmiet iaihikv~+ Vmi vith e~ owwaeif vb hoku ~bneoa!nbhhitneoa okf inbkbhen onve|evei~+ Fiwikfekj bk vmi nbkvi}v ev nok hiok nab~itnbkvonv divziik fellitikv wotv~ bl vmi zbtaf -jabdoaesovebk bl vmi zbtaf%! ~ynm o~

ekntio~ekj tiaovebk~ ohbkj hihdit~ bl ok ekfy~vtu ek fellitikv wotv~ bl vmi zbtaf-jabdoaesovebk bl ok ekfy~vtu%0 bt ev hou tilit vb vmi kijove|i i}wabevovebk o~winv~ bljabdoaesovebk ~ynm o~ i|o~ebk bl aijoa okf hbtoa ~vokfotf~ du hb|ekj hokylonvytekjbt hekekj okf mot|i~vekj wtonveni~ b|it~io~+ Ev ~moti~ o kyhdit bl nmotonvite~ven~zevm ekvitkovebkoaesovebk okf e~ y~if ekvitnmokjiodau! oavmbyjm ~bhi wtilit vb y~ijabdoaesovebk vb ihwmo~esi vmi itb~ebk blvmi kovebk bt kovebkoa dbykfotei~+

Hiokekj okf filekevebk bljabdoae~ovebk

Ekvitkovebkoa Hbkevbtu Lykf fileki~jabdoae~ovebk o~ vmi jtbzekjinbkbhen ekvitfiwikfikni blnbykvtei~ zbtaf zefi vmbtbyjmekntio~ekj |bayhi okf |oteivu blntb~~ dbtfit vtok~onvebk ek jbbf~okf ~it|eni~ okf bl ekvitkovebkoanowevoa labz~ okf oa~b vmtbyjm vmihbti towef okf zefi~wtiof felly~ebkbl vinmkbabju +Jabdoae~ovebk e~ ok ovvevyfi bl hekf3 ( Ev e~ o hekf ~iv zmenm |eiz~ vmi ikvetizbtaf o~ o ~ekjai hotìv ~b vmov vmi nbtwbtovi ~vtoviju e~ do~if bk vmi fukohen~bl vmi jabdoa dy~eki~~ ik|etbkhikv+ Ekvitkovebkoa hotìvekj bt ekvitkovebkoaek|i~vhikv fbi~ kbv ohbykv vb jabdoae~ovebk ykai~~ ev e~ o ti~yav bl jabdoa bteikvovebk+Nbhwokei~! zmenm mo|i ofbwvif o jabdoa byvabb`! ~vbw vmekèkj bl vmih~ia|i~ o~kovebkoa hotìvit~ zmb |ikvyti odtbof okf ~votv vmekèkj bl vmih~ia|i~ o~ jabdoahotìvit~+ Vmi vbw hokojihikv okf ~voll oti ek|ba|if ek vmi waokkekj bl zbtaf zefihokylonvytekj loneaevei~! hotìvekj wbaenei~! lekokneoa labz~ okf abje~venoa ~u~vih+ Vmijabdoa bwitovekj ykev~ tiwbtv fetinvau vb vmi Nmeil I}inyve|i bt I}inyve|i Nbhhevvii!kbv vb vmi Miof bl ok Ekvitkovebkoa Fe|e~ebk+ I}inyve|i~ oti vtoekif ek zbtafzefibwitovebk~! kbv cy~v fbhi~ven bt ekvitkovebkoa+ Hokojihikv e~ tintyevif ltbh hokunbykvtei~! nbhwbkikv~ okf ~ywwaei~ oti wytnmo~if zmiti vmiu nok di fivoekif ov vmiaio~v nb~v! okf ek|i~vhikv~ oti hofi zmiti vmi okvenewovif tivytk~ oti vmi jtiovi~v+O vtyau jabdoa nbtwbtovebk |eiz~ vmi ikveti zbtaf o~ o ~ekjai hotìv0 ev fbi~kvfellitikveovi divziik fbhi~ven hotìv okf lbtiejk hotìv~+ Ek bvmit zbtf~! vmiti e~kbvmekj aeì o mbhi hotìv okf lbtiejk hotìv ( vmiti e~ bkau bki hotìv! vmi jabdoahotìv+

^vyfu Hoviteoa bk Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ du ( Kojwyt( < (
http://c/wiki/Internationalizationhttp://c/wiki/Nationhttp://c/wiki/Nationhttp://c/wiki/Internationalization


7/202

Liovyti~ bl Jabdoae~ovebk?+ Bwitovekj okf waokkekj vb i}wokf dy~eki~~ vmtbyjmbyv vmi zbtaf+4+ Ito~ekj vmi fellitikni~ divziik fbhi~ven hot`iv okf vmi lbtiejk hot`iv+>+ Dyuekj okf ~iaaekj jbbf~ okf ~it|eni~ ltbh"vb oku nbykvtu bl vmi zbtaf+6+ I~vodae~mekj hokylonvytekj okf fe~vtedyvebk loneaevei~ ek oku wotv bl vmi zbtaf

do~if bk vmi lio~edeaevu okf |eodeaevu tovmit vmok kovebkoa nbk~efitovebk+9+ Wtbfynv waokkekj okf fi|iabwhikv oti do~if bk hot iv nbk~efitovebk bl vmi

ikveti zbtaf+


8/202

^voji3 > Hyavekovebkoa Nbhwoku^bbkit bt aovit! vmi ekvitkovebkoa nbhwokei~ aiotk vmov vmi i}vik~ebk ~vtoviju -e+i+!i}vikfekj vmi fbhi~ven wtbfynv! wteni okf wtbhbvebk vb lbtiejk hotìv~% zeaa kbvzbt`+ Vmi di~v i}ohwai e~ vmov Vbubvo i}wbtvif Vbubwiv not~ wtbfynif lbt Cowok ek

Cowok vb YÔ ek ?59:+ Vbubwiv zo~ kbv ~ynni~~lya ek YÔ+ Vbubvo nbyaf kbv ~iaa vmi~inot~ ek YÔ o~ vmiu ziti b|it wtenif! ykfitwbzitif okf dyeav aeì vok`~+ Vmy~ vmi~inot~ ziti kbv ~yevodai lbt vmi Y^ hotìv~+ Vmi yk~baf not~ ziti ~mewwif don` vb

Cowok+Vbubvo vbb` vme~ loeayti o~ o tenm aiotkekj i}witeikni okf o~ o ~bytni bl ek|oayodaiekviaaejikni dyv kbv o~ loeayti+ Vbubvo do~if bk vme~ i}witeikni fi~ejkif kiz hbfia~bl not~ ~yevodai lbt vmi Y^ hotìv+ Vmi ekvitkovebkoa nbhwokei~ vytk ekvb hyavekovebkoanbhwokei~ zmik vmiu ~votv ti~wbkfekj vb vmi ~winelen kiif~ bl vmi fellitikv nbykvtuhotìv~ tijotfekj wtbfynv! wteni okf wtbhbvebk+

Vme~ ~voji bl hyavekovebkoa nbhwoku e~ oa~b tilittif vb o~ hyavefbhi~ven+Hyavefbhi~ven nbhwoku lbthyaovi~ fellitikv ~vtovijei~ lbt fellitikv hotìv~0 vmy~! vmibteikvovebk ~melv~ ltbh ivmkbnikvten vb wbaunikvten+ Ykfit wbaunikvten bteikvovebk vmiblleni~ "dtoknmi~"~yd~efeotei~ bl o hyavekovebkoa nbhwoku zbt` aeì fbhi~vennbhwoku ek ionm nbykvtu zmiti vmiu bwitovi zevm fe~veknv wbaenei~ okf ~vtovijei~~yevodai vb vmov nbykvtu nbknitkif+ Vmy~ vmiu bwitovi aeì o fbhi~ven nbhwoku bl vminbykvtu nbknitkif ek ionm bl vmiet hotìv~+Wmeaew~ bl Kivmitaokf~ zo~ o hyavefbhi~ven nbhwoku bl vme~ ~voji fytekj ?5


9/202

wtblev+ Vmiti e~ kb wyti vtok~kovebkoa nbtwbtovebk+ Mbzi|it! hb~v bl vmi vtok~kovebkoanbhwokei~ ~ove~lu hoku bl vmi nmotonvite~ven~ bl o jabdoa nbtwbtovebk+



10/202

Nmotonvite~ven bl o Vtok~kovebkoa Nbhwoku

Vmi nmotonvite~ven~ bl o vtok~kovebkoa nbhwoku eknayfi3 jibnikvten bteikvovebk!~nokkekj bt eklbthovebk onqye~evebk! abkj(tyk |e~ebk~ ivn+ Zi fe~ny~~ vmi~inmotonvite~ven~ ek fivoea+-e% Jibnikvten Bteikvovebk3 O vtok~kovebkoa nbhwoku e~ jibnikvten ek ev~ bteikvovebk+

Vme~ nbhwoku vmek`~ jabdoaau okf onv~ abnoaau+ Vme~ nbhwoku ofbwv~ jabdoa ~vtovijudyv oaabz~ |oayi offevebk vb vmi ny~vbhit bl o fbhi~ven nbykvtu+ Vme~ nbhwoku oaabz~ofowvovebk vb off |oayi vb ev~ jabdoa bllit+

Vmi o~~iv~ bl o vtok~kovebkoa nbhwoku oti fe~vtedyvif vmtbyjmbyv vmi zbtaf!ekfiwikfikv okf ~wineoae~if+ Vmi T , F loneaevei~ bl o vtok~kovebkoa nbhwoku oti~wtiof ek hoku nbykvtei~! dyv ~wineoae~if ek ionm nbykvtu do~if bk vmi abnoa kiif~okf ekvijtovif ek zbtaf T , F wtbcinv+ êheaotau! vmi wtbfynvebk loneaevei~ oti ~wtiofdyv ~wineoae~if okf ekvijtovif+

Ek no~i bl Novitweaaot! hokylonvytekj okf o~~ihdau loneaevei~ oti abnovif ek hokunbykvtei~+ Nbhwbkikv~ oti ~mewwif lbt o~~ihdau okf vmi o~~ihdaif wtbfynv e~~mewwif vb vmi waoni bl vmi ny~vbhit+Ykev~ bl vmi vtok~kovebkoa nbtwbtovebk ek fellitikv nbykvtei~ ntiovi okf fi|iabw vmi`kbzaifji ek oaa lyknvebk~ okf ~moti ohbkj vmih+ Vmy~ `kbzaifji okf i}witeikni e~~motif cbekvau+ Vtok~kovebkoa joek~ wbzit okf nbhwiveve|i of|okvoji du fi|iabwekjokf ~motekj `kbzaifji okf i}witeikni+ Fi|iabwhikv bl fe~mzo~mekj du y~ekj |efibnohito du vmi Ltiknm ~yd~efeotu bl Nbajovi okf ~motekj bl vmi `kbzaifji ohbkj oaaNbajovi bwitovekj nbhwokei~ ontb~~ jabdi e~ ok i}ohwai miti+-ee% ^nokkekj bt Eklbthovebk Onqye~evebk3 Vtok~kovebkoa nbhwokei~ nbaainv vmifovo okf eklbthovebk zbtafzefi+ Vmi~i nbhwokei~ ~nok vmi ik|etbkhikvoaeklbthovebk tijotfekj inbkbhen ik|etbkhikv! wbaevenoa ik|etbkhikv! ~bneoa okf

nyavytoa ik|etbkhikv okf vinmkbabjenoa ik|etbkhikv+ Vmi~i nbhwokei~ nbaainv okf~nok vmi eklbthovebk tijotfai~~ jibjtowmenoa okf kovebkoa dbykfotei~+-eee% \e~ebk okf O~wetovebk~3 Vmi |e~ebk okf o~wetovebk bl vtok~kovebkoa nbhwokei~oti jabdoa! jabdoa hotìv~! jabdoa ny~vbhit~ okf jtbz omiof bl bvmitjabdoa"vtok~kovebkoa nbhwokei~+-e|% Jibjtowmen ^nbwi3 Vmi vtok~kovebkoa nbhwokei~ ~nok vmi jabdoa fovo okfeklbthovebk+ Du fbekj ~b! vmiu okoau~i vmi jabdoa bwwbtvykevei~ tijotfekj vmio|oeaodeaevu bl ti~bytni~! ny~vbhit~! hotìv~! vinmkbabju! ti~iotnm okf fi|iabwhikvivn+ êheaotau! vmiu oa~b okoau~i vmi jabdoa nmoaaikji okf vmtiov~ aeì nbhwivevebkltbh vmi bvmit jabdoa nbhwokei~! abnoa nbhwokei~ bl mb~v nbykvtei~! wbaevenoayknitvoekvei~ okf vmi aeì+ Vmiu lbthyaovi jabdoa ~vtoviju+ Vmy~ vmi jibjtowmen ~nbwibl o vtok~kovebkoa nbhwoku e~ kbv aehevif vb nitvoek nbykvtei~ ek okoau~ekj

bwwbtvykevei~! vmtiov~ okf lbthyaovekj ~vtovijei~+-|% Bwitovekj ^vuai3 @iu bwitovebk~ bl o vtok~kovebkoa oti jabdoae~if+ Vmivtok~kovebkoa nbhwokei~ jabdoae~i vmi lyknvebk~ aeì T , F! wtbfynv fi|iabwhikv!waonekj ìu myhok ti~bytni~! wtbnytihikv bl mejm |oayif hoviteoa ivn+ Lbt i}ohwai!vmi T ,F onve|evu bl Wtbnvbt , Johdai! okf ìu myhok ti~bytni onve|evu bl Nbajovioti vmi cbekv okf ~motif onve|evu bl vmi ykev~ bl vmi~i nbhwokei~ ek |oteby~ nbykvtei~+-|e% Ofowvovebk3 Jabdoa okf vtok~kovebkoa nbhwokei~ ofowv vmiet wtbfynv~! hotìvekj~vtovijei~ okf bvmit lyknvebkoa ~vtovijei~ vb vmi ik|etbkhikvoa lonvbt~ bl vmi hotìvnbknitkif+ Lbt i}ohwai3(Hitnifi~ Diks e~ o ~ywit ay}ytu not ek Kbtvm Ohiteno!ay}ytu oyvbhbdeai ek Jithoku! ~vokfotf vo}e ek Iytbwi+-|ee% I}vik~ebk~3 ^bhi wtbfynv~ fb kbv tiqyeti oku nmokji zmik vmiu oti hotìvifek bvmit nbykvtei~+ Vmiet hotìv e~ cy~v i}vik~ebk+ Lbt i}ohwai3( No~eb noanyaovbt~ bl

Cowok! Mitb wik~ bl Nmeko! okf DaN*~ aeki bl wik~! dyvoki aejmvit~ okf tosbt~+-|ee% Ntiovebk vmtbyjm I}vik~ebk3 Vtok~kovebkoa nbhwokei~ ntiovi vmi jabdoa dtokfvmtbyjm i}vikfekj vmi wtbfynv vb vmi kiz hotìv+ Tbvmhok~ Nejotivvi i}vikfif ev~wtbfynv vb hoku Iytbwiok nbykvtei~ okf Oltenok nbykvtei~ okf ntiovif ev o~ jabdoa

^vyfu Hoviteoa bk Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ du ( Kojwyt( ?7 (


11/202

okf kovebkoa do~e~+-e}% Myhok ti~bytni hokojihikv wbaenu3( Vmi vtok~evebkoa nbhwoku~ myhokti~bytni wbaenu e~ kbv ti~vtenvif du kovebkoa wbaevenoa bt aijoa nbk~vtoekv~+ Ev ~iainv~vmi di~v myhok ti~bytni~ okf fi|iabw~ vmih tijotfai~~ bl kovebkoaevu! ivmken jtbywivn+ Dyv vmi ekvitkovebkoa nbhwoku ti~it|i~ vbw okf ìu wb~evebk~ lbt kovebkoa~+-}% Wytnmo~ekj3 Vtok~kovebkoa nbhwoku wtbnyti~ zbtaf(nao~~ hoviteoa ltbh vmi di~v~bytni ontb~~ vmi jabdi+

Ek wtonveni! btjoke~ovebk~ i|ba|i okf Vodai ? byvaeki~ o vuwbabju blvith~! zmenm fi~ntedi~ vmi nmotonvite~ven~ bl nbhwokei~ ov fellitikv~voji~ ek vmi wtbni~~ bl i|ba|ekj ltbh fbhi~ven vb jabdoa ikvitwte~i~+

Vodai ?3 ^voji~ bl fbhi~ven vb jabdoa i|bayvebkHokojihikvihwmo~e~

^voji bkiFbhi~ven

^voji vzbEkvitkovebkoa

^voji vmtiiHyavekovebkoa

^voji lbytJabdoa

Lbny~ Fbhi~ven Ivmkbnikvten Wbaunikvten Jibnikvten

Hotìvekj ~vtovijuFbhi~ven I}vik~ebk Ofowvebk I}vik~ebk

^vtynvyti Fbhi~ven Ekvitkovebkoa Zbtafzefiotio

Ofowvebkntiovebkhovte}"he}if

Hokojihikv ~vuai Fbhi~ven Nikvtoae~if vbw

fbzk

Finikvtoae~if

dbvvbh yw

Ekvijtovif

Hokylonvytekj~vokni

Hoekau fbhi~ven Hoekau fbhi~ven Mb~v nbykvtu Abzi~v nb~vzbtafzefi

Ek|i~vhikv wbaenu Fbhi~ven Fbhi~ven y~ifzbtafzefi

Hoekau ekionm mb~vnbykvtu

Ntb~~~yd~efesovebk

Witlbthoknii|oayovebk

Fbhi~ven hotìv~moti

Ojoek~v mbhinbykvtu hotìv~moti

Ionm mb~vnbykvtuhotìv ~moti

Zbtafzefi

Lonvbt~! zmenm mo|i aif vb Ekvitkovebkoae~ovebkVmiti mo|i diik hoku ykfitauekj lbtni~! nbkniwv~ okf vmibtei~! zmenm mo|i ihitjifo~ je|ekj wbaevenoa i}waokovebk vb vmi fi|iabwhikv bl ekvitkovebkoa vtofi+ Tihotòdau!fi~wevi vmi vtikf vb zbtaf ekvitfiwikfiknu! ~bhi nbykvtei~ mo|i diik ai~~ ek|ba|ifvmok bvmit~+ Vmi YÔ! lbt i}ohwai! mo~ o tihotòdau wbbt i}wbtv tinbtf+ Odbyv 4777Y^ nbhwokei~ bkau onnbykv lbt hbti vmok :7) bl Y^ hokylonvytit*~ i}wbtv~+ Vme~ mo~diik hoekau fyi vb ev~ myji ~vovizefi fbhi~ven hotìv! zmenm e~ oahb~v vokvohbykv vb$ekvitkovebkoa vtofi$! lbt i}ohwai! Noaelbtkeok ltyev diekj ~baf vmtii vmby~okfèabhivit~ ozou ek Kiz Cit~iu+ Cowok mo~ te~ik lo~v vb fbhekovi vmi i}wbtv tokèkj~!zevm nbykvtei~ bl Olteno ~vtyjjaekj vb hoì o ~ejkelenokv hot`! hoekau dinoy~i bl vmietihwmo~e~ bk i}wbtvekj wtehotu wtbfynv~+

Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ Owwtbonmi~Ekvitkovebkoa dy~eki~~ owwtbonmi~ oti ~eheaot vb vmi ~voji~ bl ekvitkovebkoae~ovebk btjabdoae~ovebk+ Fbyjao~ Zekf okf Wiahyvvit of|bnovif lbyt owwtbonmi~ blekvitkovebkoa dy~eki~~+

^vyfu Hoviteoa bk Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ du ( Kojwyt( ?? (


12/202

Vmiu oti3

?+ Ivmkbnikvten Owwtbonm 4+ Wbaunikvten Owwtbonm>+ Tijebnikvten Owwtbonm 6+ Jibnikvten Owwtbonm+



13/202

?+ Ivmkbnikvten Owwtbonm

Vmi fbhi~ven nbhwoku kbthoaau lbthyaovi~ vmiet ~vtovijei~! vmiet wtbfynv fi~ejk okfvmiet Bwitovebk~ vbzotf~ vmi kovebkoa hotìv~! ny~vbhit~ okf nbhwivevbt~+ Dyv! vmii}ni~~e|i wtbfynvebk hbti vmok vmi fihokf lbt vmi wtbfynv! ievmit fyi vbnbhwivevebk bt fyi vb nmokji~ ek ny~vbhit wtilitikni~ wy~m vmi nbhwoku vb i}wbtvvmi i}ni~~e|i wtbfynvebk vb lbtiejk nbykvtei~+ Vmi fbhi~ven nbhwoku nbkvekyi~ vmii}wbtv~ vb vmi lbtiejk nbykvtei~ okf |eiz~ vmi lbtiejk hotìv~ o~ ok i}vik~ebk vb vmifbhi~ven hotìv~ cy~v aeì o kiz tijebk+ Vmi i}inyve|i~ ov vmi miof blleni bl vminbhwoku hoì vmi fine~ebk~ tiaovekj vb i}wbtv~ okf! vmi hotìvekj wit~bkkia bl vmifbhi~ven nbhwoku hbkevbt vmi i}wbtv bwitovebk~ zevm vmi miaw bl ok i}wbtvfiwotvhikv+

Vmi nbhwoku i}wbtv~ vmi ~ohi wtbfynv fi~ejkif lbt fbhi~ven hotìv~ vb lbtiejknbykvtei~ ykfit vme~ owwtbonm+ Vmy~! hoekvikokni bl fbhi~ven owwtbonm vbzotf~

ekvitkovebkoa dy~eki~~ e~ noaaif ivmkbnikvten owwtbonm+ Lbaabzekj Lej+ hoì~ vmiivmkbnikvten nbkniwv hbti naiot+Vme~ owwtbonm e~ ~yevodai vb vmi nbhwokei~ fytekj vmi iotau fou~ blekvitkovebkoae~ovebk okf oa~b vb vmi ~hoaait nbhwokei~+

Btjoke~ovebk ^vtynvyti bl Ivmkbnikvten Nbhwoku

4+ Wbaunikvten OwwtbonmVmi fbhi~ven nbhwokei~! zmenm oti i}wbtvekj vb lbtiejk nbykvtei~ y~ekj vmiivmkbnikvten owwtbonm! lekf ov vmi aovvit ~voji vmov vmi lbtiejk hotìv~ kiif okoavbjivmit fellitikv owwtbonm+

Vmik! vmi nbhwoku i~vodae~mi~ o lbtiejk ~yd~efeotu nbhwoku okf finikvtoae~i~ oaa vmibwitovebk~ okf fiaijovi~ fine~ebk(ho ekj okf wbaenu hoèkj oyvmbtevu vb ev~i}inyve|i~+ Ek lonv! vmi nbhwoku owwbekv~ i}inyve|i~ okf wit~bkkia eknayfekj o nmeili}inyve|i zmb tiwbtv~ fetinvau vb vmi Hokojekj Fetinvbt bl vmi nbhwoku+ Nbhwokuowwbekv~ vmi ìu wit~bkkia ltbh vmi mbhi nbykvtu okf oaa bvmit |onoknei~ oti leaaifdu vmi wibwai bl vmi mb~v nbykvtu+

^vyfu Hoviteoa bk Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ du ( Kojwyt( ?> (


14/202

Btjoke~ovebk ^vtynvyti bl Wbaunikvten NbhwokuVmi i}inyve|i~ bl vmi ~yd~efeotu lbthyaovi vmi wbaenei~ okf ~vtovijei~! fi~ejk vmiwtbfynv do~if bk vmi mb~v nbykvtu*~ ik|etbkhikv -nyavyti! ny~vbh! aoz~! jb|itkhikvwbaenei~ ivn% okf vmi wtilitikni~ bl vmi abnoa ny~vbhit~+ Vmy~! vmi wbaunikvtenowwtbonm hb~vau lbny~i~ bk vmi nbkfevebk~ bl vmi mb~v nbykvtu ek wbaenu lbthyaovebk!~vtoviju ehwaihikvovebk okf bwitovebk~+

>+ Tijebnikvten OwwtbonmVmi nbhwoku olvit bwitovekj ~ynni~~lyaau ek o lbtiejk nbykvtu! vmek`~ bl i}wbtvekj vbvmi kiejmdbytekj nbykvtei~ bl vmi mb~v nbykvtu+ Ov vme~ ~voji! vmi lbtiejk ~yd~efeotunbk~efit~ vmi tijebkoa ik|etbkhikv -lbt i}ohwai! O~eok ik|etbkhikv aeì aoz~!nyavyti! wbaenei~ ivn% lbt lbthyaovekj wbaenei~ okf ~vtovijei~+ Mbzi|it! ev hotìv~ hbti

bt ai~~ vmi ~ohi wtbfynv fi~ejkif ykfit wbaunikvten owwtbonm ek bvmit nbykvtei~ blvmi tijebk! dyv zevm fellitikv hotìv ~vtovijei~+ -îi lbaabzekj Lej+%

Btjoke~ovebkoa ^vtynvyti bl Tijebnikvten Nbhwoku

6+ Jibnikvten OwwtbonmYkfit vme~ owwtbonm vmi ikveti zbtaf e~ cy~v aeì o ~ekjai nbykvtu lbt vmi nbhwoku+

Vmiu ~iainv vmi ihwabuii~ ltbh vmi ikveti jabdi okf bwitovi zevm o kyhdit bl~yd~efeotei~+ Vmi miofqyotvit nbbtfekovi~ vmi onve|evei~ bl vmi ~yd~efeotei~+ Ionm~yd~efeotu lyknvebk~ aeì ok

Btjokesovebk ~vtynvyti bl jibnikvten owwtbonm

Ekfiwikfikv okf oyvbkbhby~ nbhwoku ek lbthyaovekj wbaenei~! ~vtovijei~! wtbfynvfi~ejk! myhok ti~bytni wbaenei~! bwitovebk~ ivn+



15/202

Ikvtu ~vtovijei~

Vmiti oti |oteivei~ bl zou~ ek zmenm btjoke~ovebk~ nok ikvit lbtiejkhotìv~+Vmi vmtii hoek zou~ oti du fetinv bt ekfetinv i}wbtv bt wtbfynvebk ek olbtiejk nbykvtu-~ii lejyti diabz%+

Hivmbf~ bl lbtiejk hotìv ikvtu

E+ I}wbtvekjI}wbtvekj e~ vmi hb~v vtofevebkoa okf ziaa(i~vodae~mif lbth bl bwitovekj ek lbtiejkhotìv~+ I}wbtvekj nok di filekif o~ vmi hotìvekj bl jbbf~ wtbfynif ek bki nbykvtuekvb okbvmit+ Zmea~v kb fetinv hokylonvytekj e~ tiqyetif ek ok b|it~io~ nbykvtu!~ejkelenokv ek|i~vhikv~ ek hotìvekj oti tiqyetif+ Vmi vikfiknu hou di kbv vb bdvoeko~ hynm fivoeaif hotìvekj eklbthovebk o~ nbhwotif vb hokylonvytekj ek hotìvekjnbykvtu0 mbzi|it! vme~ fbi~ kbv kijovi vmi kiif lbt o fivoeaif hotìvekj ~vtoviju+



16/202

Vmi of|okvoji~ bl i}wbtvekj oti3 Hokylonvytekj e~ mbhi do~if! vmy~ ev e~ ai~~ te~ù vmok b|it~io~ do~if Je|i~ ok bwwbtvykevu vb $aiotk$ b|it~io~ hotìv~ dilbti ek|i~vekj ek

dten`~ okf hbtvot Tifyni~ vmi wbvikveoa te~`~ bl bwitovekj b|it~io~+

Vmi fe~of|okvoji e~ hoekau vmov bki nok di ov vmi $hitnu$ bl b|it~io~ojikv~ okf ~b vmi aon` bl nbkvtba mo~ vb di ziejmif ojoek~v vmi of|okvoji~+Lbt i}ohwai! ek vmi i}wbtvekj bl Ekfeok mbtvenyavytoa wtbfynv~! vmi ojikv~ bl Jyallabzit oynvebk~ oti ek o wb~evebk vb fenvovi vb wtbfynit~+

I}wbtvekj hivmbf~ eknayfi fetinv bt ekfetinv i}wbtv+o% Ek fetinv i}wbtvekj vmi btjokesovebk hou y~i ok ojikv! fe~vtedyvbt! bt

b|it~io~ ~yd~efeotu! bt onv |eo o Jb|itkhikv ojiknu+d% Ekfetinv hivmbf~ bl i}wbtvekj eknayfi vmi y~i bl vtofekj nbhwokei~ -|ituhynm y~if lbt nbhhbfevei~ aeì nbvvbk! ^buo! nbnbo%! i}wbtv hokojihikvnbhwokei~! wejjudonèkj okf nbykvit vtofi+

Ekfetinv hivmbf~ bllit o kyhdit bl of|okvoji~ eknayfekj3 Nbkvtonv~ ( ek vmi bwitovekj hotìv bt zbtafzefi Nbhhe~~ebk ~ovi~ je|i mejm hbve|ovebk -kbv kini~~oteau abuoavu% Hokylonvytit"i}wbtvit kiif~ aevvai i}witve~i Ntifev onniwvokni voì~ dytfik ozou ltbh hokylonvytit+

e+ WejjudonèkjWejjudonèkj e~ ok ekviti~vekj fi|iabwhikv+ Vmi hivmbf hiok~ vmov btjoke~ovebk~zevm aevvai i}wbtvekj ~èaa hou y~i vmi ~it|eni~ bl bki vmov mo~+ Okbvmit lbth e~ vminbk~baefovebk bl btfit~ du o kyhdit bl nbhwokei~ ek btfit vb voì of|okvoji bl dya`dyuekj+ Kbthoaau vmi~i zbyaf di jibjtowmenoaau ofconikv bt odai vb di ~it|if! ~ou! bkok oet tbyvi+ Vmi litveaesit hokylonvytit~ bl Sehdodzi! lbt i}ohwai! nbyaf wejjudon`zevm vmi ^byvm Oltenok~ zmb dbvm ehwbtv wbvo~~eyh ltbh byv~efi vmiet ti~winve|inbykvtei~+

ee+ NbykvitvtofiDu lot vmi aotji~v ekfetinv hivmbf bl i}wbtvekj e~ nbykvitvtofi+ Nbhwiveve|i ekvik~evu

hiok~ hbti okf hbti ek|i~vhikv ek hotìvekj+ Ek vme~ ~evyovebk vmi btjoke~ovebk houi}wokf bwitovebk~ du bwitovekj ek hotìv~ zmiti nbhwivevebk e~ ai~~ ekvik~i dyvnyttiknu do~if i}nmokji e~ kbv wb~~edai+ Oa~b! nbykvtei~ hou ze~m vb vtofi ek ~wevi blvmi fijtii bl nbhwivevebk! dyv nyttiknu ojoek e~ o wtbdaih+ Nbykvitvtofi nok oa~b diy~if vb ~vehyaovi mbhi ekfy~vtei~ bt zmiti toz hoviteoa~ oti ek ~mbtv ~ywwau+ Ev nok!oa~b! je|i o do~e~ lbt tinewtbnoa vtofi+I~vehovi~ |otu! dyv nbykvitvtofi onnbykv~ lbt odbyv 47(>7) bl zbtaf vtofi! ek|ba|ekj~bhi 57 kovebk~ okf divziik Y^ &?77(?97 deaaebk ek |oayi+ Vmi YK fileki~nbykvitvtofi o~ $nbhhitneoa vtok~onvebk~ ek zmenm wtb|e~ebk~ oti hofi! ek bki bl o~itei~ bl tiaovif nbkvtonv~! lbt wouhikv du fiae|itei~ bl jbbf~ okf"bt ~it|eni~ ekoffevebk vb! bt ek waoni bl! lekokneoa ~ivvaihikv$+Nbykvitvtofi e~ vmi hbfih lbth~ bl dotvit! i}niwv nbkvtonv~ oti kbv aijoa okf ev e~

kbv nb|itif du JOVV+ Ev nok di y~if vb netnyh|ikv ehwbtv qybvo~+Nbykvitvtofi nok voì hoku lbth~+ Do~enoaau vzb ~iwotovi nbkvtonv~ oti ek|ba|if!bki lbt vmi fiae|itu bl okf wouhikv lbt vmi jbbf~ ~ywwaeif okf vmi bvmit lbt vmiwytnmo~i bl okf wouhikv lbt vmi jbbf~ ehwbtvif+ Vmi witlbthokni bl bki nbkvtonv e~

^vyfu Hoviteoa bk Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ du ( Kojwyt( ?< (


17/202

kbv nbkvekjikv bk vmi bvmit oavmbyjm vmi ~iaait e~ ek illinv onniwvekj wtbfynv~ okf~it|eni~ ltbh vmi ehwbtvekj nbykvtu ek wotveoa bt vbvoa ~ivvaihikv lbt me~ i}wbtv~+

Vmiti e~ o dtbof ojtiihikv vmov nbykvitvtofi nok voì |oteby~ lbth~ bl i}nmokjiaeì dotvit! nbykvit wytnmo~i! ~zevnm vtofekj okf nbhwik~ovebk -dyudon`%+ Lbti}ohwai! ek ?5=< Oadokeo dijok bllitekj evih~ aeì ~wtekj zovit! vbhovb cyeni okfnmtbhi bti ek i}nmokji lbt o nbkvtonv vb dyeaf o Y^ &


18/202

Nbhwik~ovebk -dyu(don`~% e~ zmiti vmi ~ywwaeit ojtii~ vb voì vmi byvwyv bl vmiloneaevu b|it o ~wineleif witebf bl vehi bt vb o ~wineleif |bayhi o~ wouhikv+ Lbti}ohwai! ok b|it~io~ nbhwoku hou ojtii vb dyeaf o waokv ek Sohdeo! okf byvwyvb|it ok ojtiif witebf bl vehi bt ojtiif |bayhi bl wtbfyni e~ i}wbtvif vb vmi dyeafitykvea vmi witebf mo~ iaow~if+ Vmi waokv vmik dinbhi~ vmi wtbwitvu bl Sohdeo+@mbytu -?5=6% novijbte~i~ nbykvitvtofi o~ lbaabz~ -~ii lejyti diabz%Bki wtbdaih e~ vmi hotìvodeaevu bl wtbfynv~ tinie|if ek nbykvitvtofi+ Vme~ wtbdaihnok di tifynif du vmi y~i bl ~wineoae~if vtofekj nbhwokei~ zmenm! lbt o lii tokjekjdivziik ? okf 9) bl vmi |oayi bl vmi vtok~onvebk! zeaa wtb|efi vtofi tiaovif ~it|eni~aeì vtok~wbtvovebk! hot ivekj! lekoknekj! ntifev i}vik~ebk! ivn+ Vmi~i oti i|itjtbzekj ek ~esi+

Nbykvitvtofi mo~ fe~of|okvoji~3

Kbv nb|itif du JOVV ~b $fyhwekj$ hou bnnyt _yoaevu e~ kbv bl ekvitkovebkoa ~vokfotf ~b nb~vau vb vmi ny~vbhit okf vtofit

\oteivu e~ vbz ~b hotìvekj bl zòv e~ aehevif Fellenyav vb ~iv wteni~ okf ~it|eni qyoaevu

Eknbk~e~viknu bl fiae|itu okf ~winelenovebk! Fellenyav vb ti|itv vb nyttiknu vtofekj ( ~b qyoaevu hou finaeki lytvmit okf vmitilbti

wtbfynv e~ motfit vb hotìv+

Nao~~elenovebk bl nbykvitvtofi

^mewaiu okf Kioai -?5==% vmitilbti ~yjji~v vmi lbaabzekj3 Ik~yti vmi dikilev~ byvziejm vmi fe~of|okvoji~ Vtu vb hekehe~i vmi toveb bl nbhwik~ovebk jbbf~ vb no~m ( el wb~~edai ek~winv vmi

jbbf~ lbt ~winelenovebk~ Eknayfi oaa vtok~onvebk~ okf bvmit nb~v~ ek|ba|if ek nbykvitvtofi ek vmi kbhekoa

|oayi ~wineleif lbt vmi jbbf~ diekj ~baf

^vyfu Hoviteoa bk Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ du ( Kojwyt( ?= (
http://www.fao.org/docrep/W5973E/w5973e0f.jpghttp://www.fao.org/docrep/W5973E/w5973e0f.jpg


19/202

O|bef vmi wb~~edeaevu bl ittbt bl i}wabevovebk du let~v joekekj o vmbtbyjmykfit~vokfekj bl vmi ny~vbhit*~ dyuekj ~u~vih~! tijyaovebk~ okf wbaeven~!

Ik~yti vmov oku nbhwik~ovebk jbbf~ tinie|if o~ wouhikv oti kbv ~ydcinv vbehwbtv nbkvtba~+

Fi~wevi vmi~i wtbdaih~! nbykvitvtofi e~ aeìau $vb jtbz o~ o hocbt ekfetinv ikvtuhivmbf! i~wineoaau ek fi|iabwekj nbykvtei~+

EE+ Lbtiejk wtbfynvebkDi~efi~ i}wbtvekj! bvmit hotìv ikvtu ~vtovijei~ eknayfi aenik~ekj! cbekv |ikvyti~!nbkvtonv hokylonvyti! bzkit~mew okf wotvenewovebk ek i}wbtv wtbni~~ekjsbki~ bt ltii vtofi sbki~+

?+Aenik~ekj3Aenik~ekj e~ filekif o~ $vmi hivmbf bl lbtiejk bwitovebk zmitidu o leth ekbki nbykvtu ojtii~ vb withev o nbhwoku ek okbvmit nbykvtu vb y~i vmihokylonvytekj! wtbni~~ekj! vtofihot ! `kbz(mbz bt ~bhi bvmit ~ eaawtb|efif du vmi aenik~bt$+Ev e~ qyevi ~eheaot vb vmi $ltoknme~i$ bwitovebk+ Nbno Nbao e~ ok i}niaaikv i}ohwai blaenik~ekj+ Ek Sehdodzi! Ykevif Dbvvait~ mo|i vmi aenikni vb hoì Nbì+Aenik~ekj ek|ba|i~ aevvai i}wik~i okf ek|ba|ihikv+ Vmi bkau nb~v e~ ~ejkekj vmiojtiihikv okf wbaenekj ev~ ehwaihikvovebk+

Aenik~ekj je|i~ vmi lbaabzekj of|okvoji~3 Jbbf zou vb ~votv ek lbtiejk bwitovebk~ okf bwik vmi fbbt vb abz te~`

hokylonvytekj tiaovebk~mew~ Aekòji bl wotikv okf tinie|ekj wotvkit ekviti~v~ hiok~ dbvm jiv hb~v

byv bl hotìvekj illbtv Nowevoa kbv veif yw ek lbtiejk bwitovebk okf Bwvebk~ vb dyu ekvb wotvkit i}e~v bt wtb|e~ebk vb voì tbuoavei~ ek ~vbn`+Vmi fe~of|okvoji~ oti3 Aehevif lbth bl wotvenewovebk ( vb aikjvm bl ojtiihikv! ~winelen wtbfynv!

wtbni~~ bt vtofihot` Wbvikveoa tivytk~ ltbh hotìvekj okf hokylonvytekj hou di ab~v Wotvkit fi|iabw~ `kbz(mbz okf ~b aenikni e~ ~mbtv Aenik~ii~ dinbhi nbhwivevbt~ ( b|itnbhi du mo|ekj ntb~~ vinmkbabju

vtok~lit fioa~ okf Tiqyeti~ nbk~efitodai lonv(lekfekj! waokkekj! ek|i~vejovebk okf

ekvitwtivovebk+Vmb~i zmb finefi vb aenik~i byjmv vb ìiw vmi bwvebk~ bwik lbt i}vikfekj hotìvwotvenewovebk+ Vme~ nok di fbki vmtbyjm cbekv |ikvyti~ zevm vmi aenik~ii+

4+Cbekv \ikvyti~Cbekv |ikvyti~ nok di filekif o~ $ok ikvitwte~i ek zmenm vzb bt hbtiek|i~vbt~ ~moti bzkit~mew okf nbkvtba b|it wtbwitvu tejmv~ okf bwitovebk$+

Cbekv |ikvyti~ oti o hbti i}vik~e|i lbth bl wotvenewovebk vmok ievmit i}wbtvekj btaenik~ekj+ Ek Sehdodzi! Bae|eki ekfy~vtei~ mo~ o cbekv |ikvyti ojtiihikv zevm MC Mieksek lbbf wtbni~~ekj+Cbekv |ikvyti~ je|i vmi lbaabzekj of|okvoji~3 ^motekj bl te~` okf odeaevu vb nbhdeki vmi abnoa ek(fiwvm `kbzaifji zevm

o lbtiejk wotvkit zevm `kbz(mbz ek vinmkbabju bt wtbni~~



20/202

Cbekv lekokneoa ~vtikjvm

Hou di bkau hiok~ bl ikvtu okf Hou di vmi ~bytni bl ~ywwau lbt o vmetf nbykvtu+Vmiu oa~b mo|i fe~of|okvoji~3

Wotvkit~ fb kbv mo|i lyaa nbkvtba bl hokojihikv Hou di ehwb~~edai vb tinb|it nowevoa el kiif di Fe~ojtiihikv bk vmetf wotvu hotìv~ vb ~it|i okf Wotvkit~ hou mo|i fellitikv |eiz~ bk i}winvif dikilev~+

El vmi wotvkit~ notilyaau how byv ek of|okni zmov vmiu i}winv vb onmei|i okf mbz!vmik hoku wtbdaih~ nok di b|itnbhi+

>+Bzkit~mew3Vmi hb~v i}vik~e|i lbth bl wotvenewovebk e~ ?77) bzkit~mew okf vme~

ek|ba|i~ vmi jtiovi~v nbhhevhikv ek nowevoa okf hokojiteoa illbtv+ Vmiodeaevu vb nbhhykenovi okf nbkvtba ?77) hou byvziejm oku bl vmi fe~of|okvoji~ bl

cbekv |ikvyti~ okf aenik~ekj+ Mbzi|it! o~ hikvebkif iotaeit! tiwovteovebk bl iotkekj~okf nowevoa mo~ vb di notilyaau hbkevbtif+ Vmi hbti yk~vodai vmi ik|etbkhikv vmiai~~ aeìau e~ vmi bzkit~mew wovmzou ok bwvebk+

Vmi~i lbth~ bl wotvenewovebk3 i}wbtvekj! aenik~ekj! cbekv |ikvyti~ bt bzkit~mew! oti bko nbkvekyyh tovmit vmok fe~ntivi okf nok voì hoku lbthov~+ Okfit~bk okf Nbyjmaok-?5=:% ~yhhote~i vmi ikvtu hbfi o~ o nmbeni divziik nbhwoku bzkif bt nbkvtbaaifhivmbf~ ( $ekvijtovif$ nmokkia~ ( bt $ekfiwikfikv$ nmokkia~+ Ekvijtovif nmokkia~bllit vmi of|okvoji~ bl waokkekj okf nbkvtba bl ti~bytni~! labz bl eklbthovebk! okflo~vit hotìv wikivtovebk! okf oti o |e~edai ~ejk bl nbhhevhikv+ Vmi fe~of|okvoji~oti vmov vmiu eknyt hoku nb~v~ -i~wineoaau hotìvekj%! vmi te~`~ oti mejm! ~bhi hou

di hbti illinve|i vmok bvmit~ -fyi vb nyavyti% okf ek ~bhi no~i~ vmiet ntifedeaevuohbkj~v abnoa~ hou di abzit vmok vmov bl nbkvtbaaif ekfiwikfikv~+ Ekfiwikfikvnmokkia~ bllit abzit witlbthokni nb~v~! te~`~! ai~~ nowevoa! mejm abnoa `kbzaifji okfntifedeaevu+ Fe~of|okvoji~ eknayfi ai~~ hotìv eklbthovebk labz! jtiovit nbbtfekovekjokf nbkvtba fellenyavei~ okf hbve|ovebkoa fellenyavei~+ Ek offevebk vmiu hou kbv di zeaaekjvb ~wikf hbkiu bk hotìv fi|iabwhikv okf ~iainvebk bl jbbf ekvithifeotei~ hou difellenyav o~ jbbf bki~ oti y~yoaau voìk yw okuzou+Bkni ek o hotìv! nbhwokei~ mo|i vb finefi bk o ~vtoviju lbt i}wok~ebk+ Bki hou divb nbknikvtovi bk o liz ~ijhikv~ ek o liz nbykvtei~ ( vuwenoa oti no~miz kyv~ ltbh

Voksokeo okf mbtvenyavytoa i}wbtv~ ltbh Sehdodzi okf @ikuo ( bt nbknikvtovi bk bkinbykvtu okf fe|it~elu ekvb ~ijhikv~+ Bvmit onve|evei~ eknayfi nbykvtu okf hotìv~ijhikv nbknikvtovebk ( vuwenoa bl Nbno Nbao bt Jitdit dodu lbbf~! okf lekoaaunbykvtu okf ~ijhikv fe|it~elenovebk+ Okbvmit zou bl abbèkj ov ev e~ du efikveluekjvmtii do~en dy~eki~~ ~vtovijei~3 ~voji bki ( ekvitkovebkoa! ~voji vzb(hyavekovebkoa -~vtovijei~ nbtti~wbkf vb ivmkbnikvten okf wbaunikvtenbteikvovebk~ ti~winve|iau% okf ~voji vmtii ( jabdoa ~vtoviju -nbtti~wbkf~zevm jibnikvten bteikvovebk%+ Vmi do~en wmeab~bwmu dimekf ~voji bki e~ i}vik~ebkbl wtbjtohhi~ okf wtbfynv~! dimekf ~voji! vzb e~ finikvtoae~ovebk o~ lot o~ wb~~edaivb abnoa bwitovbt~ okf dimekf ~voji vmtii e~ ok ekvijtovebk zmenm ~ii`~ vb ~ukvmi~esiekwyv~ ltbh zbtaf okf tijebkoa miofqyotvit~ okf vmi nbykvtu btjoke~ovebk+ Zmea~vhb~v fi|iabwekj nbykvtei~ oti motfau ek ~voji bki! vmiu mo|i zevmek vmihbtjoke~ovebk~ zmenm oti ek ~voji vmtii+ Vme~ mo~ blvik aif vb o $tidiaaebk$ ojoek~v vmibwitovebk~ bl hyavekovebkoa~! blvik yklbykfif+

6+ I}wbtv wtbni~~ekj sbki~ -IWS%Zmea~v kbv ~vtenvau ~wioèkj ok ikvtu(~vtoviju! IWS~ ~it|i o~ ok $ikvtu$ ekvb o hotìv+

Vmiu oti wtehoteau ok ek|i~vhikv eknikve|i lbt zbyaf di ek|i~vbt~ dyv nok oa~b



21/202

wtb|efi ihwabuhikv lbt vmi mb~v nbykvtu okf vmi vtok~lit bl ~èaa~ o~ ziaa o~ wtb|efi odo~i lbt vmi labz bl jbbf~ ek okf byv bl vmi nbykvtu+ Bki bl vmi di~v i}ohwai~ e~ vmiHoyteveok IWS! lbykfif ek vmi ?5:7~+Btjoke~ovebk~ oti lonif zevm o kyhdit bl ~vtoviju oavitkove|i~ zmik finefekj vbikvit lbtiejk hotìv~+ Ionm bki mo~ vb di notilyaau ziejmif ek btfit vb hoì vmihb~v owwtbwteovi nmbeni+ I|itu owwtbonm tiqyeti~ notilya ovvikvebk vb hotìvekj! te~`!hovvit~ bl nbkvtba okf hokojihikv+

^vyfu Hoviteoa bk Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ du ( Kojwyt( 4? (


22/202

NOÎ 3(Vmi Hoyteveok I}wbtv Wtbni~~ekj Sbkiêkni ev~ ekniwvebk! b|it 677 leth~ mo|i i~vodae~mif vmih~ia|i~ ek ~invbt~ o~ fe|it~io~ vi}veai~! lbbf! zovnmi~+ Okf wao~ven~+ Ek cbd ihwabuhikv vmi ti~yav~ mo|i diik~votvaekj! o~ ov ?5=:! :=!777 ziti ihwabuif ek vmi IWS+ I}wbtv iotkekj~ mo|i vtewaifltbh ?5=? vb ?5=< okf vmi offif |oayi mo~ diik ~ejkelenokv( Vmi tbbv~ bl ~ynni~~nok di ~iik bk vmi ~ywwau! fihokf okf ek~vevyvebkoa ~efi~+ Bk vmi ~ywwau ~efi vmihb~v ntevenoa lonvbt mo~ diik vmi jikitby~ lekokneoa okf bvmit eknikve|i~! bk vmifihokf ~efi! onni~~ vb vmi IY! Ltokni! Ekfeo okf Mbkj @bkj zo~ |itu vihwvekj vbek|i~vbt~+ Bk vmi ek~vevyvebkoa ~efi wb~eve|i ~nmihi~ ziti wyv ek waoni! eknayfekjlekokni ltbh vmi Fi|iabwhikv Dok` okf vmi nyvvekj bl tif vowi+ Ek ~ivvekj yw vmii}wbtv wtbni~~ekj sbki vmi Hoyteveok jb|itkhikv fe~waouif o kyhdit blnmotonvite~ven~ zmenm ek mekf~ejmv! ziti ntyneoa vb ev~ ~ynni~~+

Vmi jb|itkhikv ekviaaejikvau ~byjmv o fi|iabwhikv ~vtoviju ek ok owbaevenoahokkit

Ev ~vyn` vb ev~ ~vtoviju ek vmi abkj tyk tovmit vmok ti|it~i nbyt~i ov vmi let~v ~ejk blvtbydai

Ev iknbytojif hotìv eknikve|i~ tovmit vmok ykfithekif vmih

Ev ~mbzif o jbbf fioa bl ofowvodeaevu! hiivekj ionm nmoaaikji zevm ntiove|i~bayvebk~ tovmit vmok hoekvoekekj vmi ~vovy~ qyb

Ev ofcy~vif vmi jikitoa i}wbtv wtbhbvebk wtbjtohhi vb ~yev ev~ bzk wotvenyaotkiif~ okf nmotonvite~ven~+

Ev nbk~neby~au jyotfif ojoek~v vmi ntiovebk bl ok ykzeiafu dytioyntoven ~vtynvyti+

EEE+ Ekvitkovebkoa Ltoknme~ekjLtoknme~ekj e~ o lbth bl aenik~ekj+ Vmi ltoknme~bt nok i}itne~i hbti nbkvtba b|it vmiltoknme~if nbhwotif vb vmov ek aenik~ekj+ Ekvitkovebkoa ltoknme~ekj e~ jtbzekj ov o lo~vtovi+Ykfit ltoknme~ekj! ok ekfiwikfikv btjoke~ovebk noaaif vmi ltoknme~ii bwitovi~ vmidy~eki~~ ykfit vmi kohi bl okbvmit nbhwoku noaaif vmi ltotenme~bt+ Ykfit vme~ojtiihikv vmi ltoknme~ii wou~ o lii vb vmi ltoknme~bt+

Vmi ltoknme~bt wtb|efi~ vmi lbaabzekj ~it|eni~ vb vmiltoknme~ii3 Vtofi hot`~

Bwitovekj ~u~vih~ Wtbfynv tiwyvovebk~ Nbkvekyby~ ~ywwbtv ~u~vih~ aeì of|itve~ekj! ihwabuii vtoekekj! ti~it|ovebk

~it|eni~! qyoaevu o~~ytokni wtbjtohhi~ ivn+

Do~en E~~yi~ ek Ltoknme~ekj(Vmi ltoknme~bt mo~ diik ~ynni~~lya ek me~ mbhi nbykvtu+ HnFbkoaf zo~ ~ynni~~lya ekYÔ fyi vb vmi wbwyaot hiky okf lo~v okf illeneikv ~it|eni~+(Vmi lonvbt~ lbt vmi ~ynni~~ bl vmi HnFbkoaf oti aovit vtok~littif vb bvmit nbykvtei~+(Vmi ltoknme~it hou mo|i vmi i}witeikni ek ltoknme~ekj ek vmi mbhi nbykvtu dilbtijbekj lbt ekvitkovebkoa ltoknme~ekj+

(Lbtiejk ek|i~vbt~ ~mbyaf nbhi lbtzotf lbt ekvtbfynekj vmi wtbfynv bk ltoknme~ekjdo~e~+

Ltoknme~ekj Ojtiihikv~3 Vmi ltoknme~ekj ojtiihikv ~mbyaf nbkvoek ehwbtvokv



23/202

evih~ o~ lbaabz~(Ltoknme~ii mo~ vb wou o le}if ohbykv okf tbuoavu do~if bk vmi ~oai~ vb vmiltoknme~bt(Ltoknme~ii ~mbyaf ojtii vb ofmiti vb lbaabz vmi ltoknme~bt*~ tiqyetihikv~ aeì

owwiotokni!lekokneoa tiwbtvekj! bwitovekj wtbnifyti~! ny~vbhit ~it|eni ivn(Ltoknme~bt miaw~ vmi ltoknme~ii ek i~vodae~mekj vmi hokylonvytekj loneaevei~! ~it|eni~loneaevei~! wtb|efi~ i}witve~i! of|itve~ekj! nbtwbtovi ehoji ivn +(Ltoknme~bt oaabz~ vmi ltoknme~ii ~bhi fijtii bl lai}edeaevu ek btfit vb hiiv vmi abnoavo~vi~ okf wtilitikni~ HnFbkoaf ti~voytokv~ ek Jithoku ~iaa diit okf HnFbkoafti~voytokv~ ek Ltokni ~iaa zeki oa~b+Ltoknme~ekj e~ hbti wbwyaot ek YÔ Lo~v lbbf nbhwokei~ aeì HnFbkoaf~! Foetu _yiik!Fbhekb*~! Wesso Myv! @LN mo|i ltoknme~if ti~voytokv~ zbtafzefi+ KEaV mo~ vmiltoknme~if nbhwyvit vtoekekj nikvti~ ek ikveti Ekfeo+Mbvia~ aeì Meavbk okf Hottebvv! tikvoa not~ aeì Mitvs okf O|e~ oa~b mo|i ekvitkovebkoaltoknme~ii~Aeì i|itu hbfi! ltoknme~ekj oa~b mo~ of|okvoji~ okf fe~of|okvoji~

Of|okvoji~ okf Fe~of|okvoji~ bl Ltoknme~ekjOf|okvoji~

Ltoknme~it nok ikvit jabdoa hotìv~ zevm abz ek|i~vhikv okf abz te~`~+ Ltoknme~bt nok jiv vmi eklbthovebk tijotfekj vmi hotìv~! nyavyti! ny~vbh~okf ik|etbkhikv bl vmi mb~v nbykvtu+ Ltoknme~bt aiotk~ hbti ai~~bk~ ltbh vmi i}witeikni~ bl vmi ltoknme~ii~! zmenmmi nbyaf kbv i}witeikni ltbh vmi mbhi nbykvtu~ hotìv+

Ltoknme~ii nok iotau ~votv o dy~eki~~ zevm abz te~` o~ mi ~iainv~ ok i~vodae~mifokf wtb|ik wtbfynv okf bwitovekj ~u~vih+ Ltoknme~i jiv~ vmi dikilev~ bl T,F zevm abz nb~v+ Ltoknme~ii i~nowi~ ltbh vmi te~` bl wtbfynv loeayti+

Fe~of|okvoji~ Ekvitkovebkoa ltoknme~ekj hou di hbti nbhwaenovif vmok fbhi~ven ltoknme~ekj+HnFbkoaf voyjmv vmi Ty~~eok lothit~ vmi hivmbf~ bl jtbzekj wbvovb~ vb hiiv ev~~vokfotf~+ Ev e~ fellenyav vb nbkvtba vmi ekvitkovebkoa ltoknme~ii+ O~ bk i bl vmi Ltiknmek|i~vbt fef kbv hoekvoek vmi ~vbti~ o~ wit vmi ~vokfotf~+ HnFbkoaf fef ti|bìvmi ltoknme~i+ Ltoknme~ekj ojikv~ tifyni vmi hotìv bwwbtvykevei~ lbt dbvm vmi ltoknme~bt okfltoknme~ii+ Dbvm vmi wotvei~ mo|i vmi ti~wbk~edeaevei~ vb hoekvoek wtbfynv qyoaevu okfwtbfynv wtbhbvebk+ Vmiti e~ ~nbwi bl he~ykfit~vokfekj divziik vmi wotvei~+ Vmiti e~ o wtbdaih bl aioòji bl vtofi ~intiv~+

E\+^WINEOA HBFI^^bhi nbhwokei~ nokkbv hoì abkj(vith ek|i~vhikv~ bt abkj(vith nbkvtonv~ vb ikvitlbtiejk hotìv~+ Vmitilbti! vmiu hou y~i ~wineoae~if ~vtovijei~+Vmi~i ~wineoae~if ~vtovijei~ eknayfi3 (

?+ Nbkvtonv hokylonvytekj4+ Vytkìu wtbcinv~>+ Hokojihikv nbkvtonv

^vyfu Hoviteoa bk Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ du ( Kojwyt( 4> (


24/202

e+ Nbkvtonv Hokylonvytekj^bhi nbhwokei~ byv~bytni vmiet wotv bl bt ikveti wtbfynvebk okf nbknikvtovi bkhotìvekj bwitovebk~+ Vme~ wtonveni e~ noaaif vmi nbkvtonv hokylonvytekj btbyv~bytnekj+Keì mo~ nbkvtonvif zevm o kyhdit bl lonvbtei~ ek ^byvmio~v O~eo vb wtbfyni ev~ovmaiven lbbvzoti okf ev nbknikvtovi~ bk hot ivekj+ Tovo oa~b nbkvtonvif zevm okyhdit bl nbddait~ ek Ekfeo vb wtbfyni ev~ lbbvzoti okf nbknikvtovi bk hotìvekj+Hijo Vbu~ (o Ab~ Okjiai~ do~if nbhwoku nbkvtonv~ zevm Nmeki~i waokv~ vb wtbfyniVbu~ okf Hijo Vbu~ nbknikvtovi~ bk hotìvekj+



25/202

Vmi of|okvoji~ okf fe~of|okvoji~ bl nbkvtonv hokylonvytekj eknayfi3Of|okvoji~

Ekvitkovebkoa dy~eki~~ nok lbny~ bk vmi wotv bl vmi |oayi nmoek zmiti ev mo~fe~veknve|i nbhwivikni+ Ev tifyni~ vmi nb~v bl wtbfynvebk o~ vmi mb~v nbykvtu~ nbhwokei~ zevm vmiettiaove|i nb~v of|okvoji wtbfyni ov abz nb~v+ ^hoaa okf hifeyh ekfy~vteoa ykev~ ek vmi mb~v nbykvtu nok oa~b fi|iabw o~ hb~vbl vmi wtbfynvebk onve|evei~ voì ek vmi~i ykev~+ Vmi ekvitkovebkoa nbhwoku jiv~ vmi abnovebkoa of|okvoji~ jikitovif du vmimb~v nbykvtu~ wtbfynvebk+

Fe~of|okvoji~ Mb~v nbykvtu~ nbhwokei~ hou voì yw vmi hotìvekj onve|evei~ oa~b! mekfitekjvmi ekviti~v bl vmi ekvitkovebkoa nbhwoku+

Mb~v nbykvtu~ nbhwokei~ hou kbv ~vtenvau ofmiti vb vmi wtbfynvebk fi~ejk!qyoaevu ~vokfotf~ ivn+ vmi~i lonvbt~ ti~yav ek qyoaevu wtbdaih~! fi~ejk wtbdaih okfbvmit ~ytwte~i~+ Vmi wbbt zbtèkj nbykvtei~ ek vmi mb~v nbykvtu~ nbhwokei~ ollinv vminbhwoku~ ehoji+ Lbt i}ohwai! Keì mo~ ~yllitif o ~vtekj bl dabz~ vb ev~ wydaenehoji dinoy~i bl tiwbtv~ bl yk~oli okf mot~m zbtèkj nbkfevebk~ ek \eivkohi~ilonvbtei~ nmytkekj byt Keì lbbvzoti+

ee+ Hokojihikv Nbkvtonv~Vmi nbhwokei~ zevm abz ai|ia vinmkbabju okf hokojiteoa i}witve~i hou ~ii` vmio~~e~vokni bl o lbtiejk nbhwoku+ Vmik vmi lbtiejk nbhwoku hou ojtii vb wtb|efivinmkenoa okf hokojiteoa i}witve~i+ Vme~ ojtiihikv divziik vmi~i vzb nbhwokei~ e~noaaif o~ hokojihikv nbkvtonv+O hokojihikv nbkvtonv e~ ok ojtiihikv divziik vzb nbhwokei~! zmitidu bkinbhwoku wtb|efi~ hokojiteoa o~~e~vokni! vinmkenoa i}witve~i okf ~wineoae~if ~it|eni~vb vmi ~inbkf nbhwoku bl vmi otjyhikv lbt o nitvoek ojtiif witebf ek tivytk lbthbkivotu nbhwik~ovebk+ Hbkivotu nbhwik~ovebk hou di ek vmi lbth bl3

O laov lii bt Witnikvoji b|it ~oai~ okf Witlbthokni dbky~ do~if bk wtblevodeaevu! ôai~ jtbzvm! ivn+

Of|okvoji~ okf Fe~of|okvoji~ bl Hokojihikv NbkvtonvOf|okvoji~

Lbtiejk nbhwoku iotk~ offevebkoa eknbhi zevmbyv oku offevebkoa ek|i~vhikv!te~`~ okf bdaejovebk~+ Meavbk Mbvia wtb|efif vmi~i ~it|eni~ vb bvmit mbvia~ zevmbyv offevebkoaek|i~vhikv okf iotkif offevebkoa eknbhi+ Vme~ ottokjihikv okf offevebkoa eknbhi oaabz~ vmi nbhwoku vb ikmokni ev~ehoji ek vmi ek|i~vbt~ okf hbdeaesi vmi lykf~ lbt i}wok~ebk+ Hokojihikv nbkvtonv miaw~ vmi nbhwokei~ vb ikvit bvmit dy~eki~~ otio~ ek vmimb~v nbykvtu+ Vmi nbhwokei~ nok onv o~ fioait lbt vmi dy~eki~~ bl vmi mb~v nbykvtu~dy~eki~~ ek vmi mbhi nbykvtu+ Evoau~ IKE-Ikvi Kosebkoai Ekftbnotdyte% y~if ev~`kbzaifji bl Iytbwiok ikitju ekfy~vtu vb miaw vmi Oajiteok kovebkoa bea leth+ Aovitvmi Oajiteok kovebkoa leth tiqyi~vif vmi IKE vb ekntio~i vmiet dy~eki~~ ek Iytbwiokwivtbaiyh hotìv+ Ykfit o hokojihikv nbkvtonv! IKE nbk~vtynvif kivzbt` blWewiaeki~ lbt vmi Oajiteok nbhwoku vb fe~vtedyvi wivtbaiyh ek Iytbwi+

Fe~of|okvoji~



26/202

^bhivehi~ vmi nbhwokei~ oaabz vmi nbhwokei~ ek vmi mb~v nbykvtu i|ik vb y~ivmiet vtofihot`~ okf dtokf kohi+ Vmi mb~v nbykvtu~ nbhwokei~ ~wbea vmi dtokfkohi! el vmiu fb kbv ìiw yw vmi qyoaevu bl wtbfynv ~it|eni+ Vmi mb~v nbykvtu~ nbhwokei~ hou aio` vmi ~intiv~ bl vinmkbabju+

eee+ Vytkìu WtbcinvEkfbki~eok Jb|itkhikv fytekj ?5:6 ek|evif jabdoa vikfit~ lbt nbk~vtynvebk bl o ~yjotlonvbtu ek vmi nbykvtu+ Ekfbki~eo Jb|itkhikv tinie|if vmi vikfit~ ltbh vminbhwokei~ bl YÔ! Y@! Ltokni! Jithoku okf Cowok+ Bki bl vmi Cowoki~i Nbhwokuqybvif mejmi~v wteni nbhwotif vb oaa bvmit nbhwokei~+Ekfbki~eok Jb|itkhikv ~vyfeif vmi qybvovebk bl vme~ Cowoki~i nbhwoku+ Vme~qybvovebk eknayfi~3 fi|iabwhikv bl vmi leiaf~ lbt jtbzekj ~yjotnoki! fi|iabwhikv bl~iifaekj~! nbk~vtynvebk bl ~yjot lonvbtu! tbof~! nbhhykenovebk! wbzit! zovit ivn+!

nbkkinvekj vmi lonvbtu! vtoek vmi abnoa wibwai! fi|iabwhikv bl vmi fe~vtedyvebknmokkia~ ek Ekfbki~eo! wtbfynvebk bl du(wtbfynv~ okf vmiet hotìv! waok~ lbt vmii}wbtv bl ~ytway~ ~yjot ivn+ Ev oa~b hofi o wtb|e~ebk lbt vmi vtok~lit bl vmi lonvbtuoabkj zevm vmi vbvoa wonòji vb vmi Ekfbki~eok Jb|itkhikv okf lbaabz(yw vmionve|evei~ olvit ev e~ vtok~littif vb vmi Ekfbki~eok Jb|itkhikv+ +Ekfbki~eok Jb|itkhikv zo~ |itu hynm ~ove~leif zevm vmi vbvoa wonòji okf ek|evifvmi Cowoki~i nbhwoku vb ehwaihikv vmi wtbcinv+ Vmi Cowoki~i nbhwoku okfEkfbki~eok Jb|itkhikv ikvitif ok ojtiihikv lbt ehwaokvovebk bl vme~ wtbcinv du vmi

Cowoki~i nbhwoku lbt o wteni+ Vme~ wtbcinv e~ noaaif *Vytkìu Wtbcinv+$O vytkìu wtbcinv e~ o nbkvtonv ykfit zmenm o leth ojtii~ vb lyaau fi~ejk! nbk~vtynvokf iqyew o hokylonvytekj "dy~eki~~"~it|eni loneaevu okf vytk vmi wtbcinv b|it vb vmi

wytnmo~it zmik ev e~ tiofu lbt bwitovebk lbt o tihykitovebk+

Vmi lbth~ bl tihykitovebk eknayfi~3 O le}if wteni -leth waok~ vb ehwaihikv vmi wtbcinv diabz vme~ wteni% Wouhikv bk nb~v way~ do~e~ -e+i+! vbvoa nb~v eknyttif way~ wtblev%

Vme~ lbth bl wtenekj oaabz~ vmi nbhwoku vb ~melv vmi te~` bl eklaovebk "ikmoknif nb~v~ vbvmi wytnmo~it+Ekvitkovebkoa vytkìu wtbcinv~ eknayfif kynaiot wbzit waokv~! oetwbtv~! bea tilekitu!kovebkoa mejmzou~! toeazou aeki~ ivn+ Mikni vmiu oti aotji okf hyaveuiot wtbcinv~+Ekvitkovebkoa nbhwokei~ ek|ba|i ek ~ynm wtbcinv~ eknayfi3 Dinmvia! Dtbzk okf Tbbv!Muykfoe Jtbyw! @ikkikjik! Lteiftenm @tyww JhdM+ ivn+

Vmi nbhwokei~ kbthoaau owwtbonm vmi mb~v nbykvtu*~ Jb|itkhikv~ bt EkvitkovebkoaLekokni Nbtwbtovebk! I}wbtv(ehwbtv Dok` bl YÔ okf vmi aeì lbt lekokneoa o~~e~vokni!

o~ vmi vytkìu wtbcinv~ tiqyeti myji lekokni~+Vmi tinikv owwtbonm bl vytkìu wtbcinv~ e~ Dyeaf! Bwitovi okf Vtok~lit -D(B(V%+ Vminbhwoku dyeaf~ vmi hokylonvytekj"~it|eni~ loneaevu! bwitovi~ ev lbt ~bhi vehi okfvmik vtok~lit~ ev vb vmi mb~v nbykvtu* ~ Jb|itkhikv+ Ek vme~ owwtbonm! vmi nbkvtonvbtzeaa kbv di woef vmi tihykitovebk+ Jb|itkhikv bl Jodbk okf vmi Iainvtenevu ^ywwauDbotf Ekvitkovebkoa bl Etiaokf okf Nohwojekn Jikitoai fi~ Ioy} bl Ltokni ojtiif vbi~vodae~m iainvten ~ywwau ~u~vih okf zovit ~u~vih ek Jodbk okf bwitovi lbt vzikvu(le|i uiot~ okf vmik vtok~lit vmi bzkit~mew bl vmi~i wtbcinv~ vb vmi Jb|itkhikv blJodbk+

\+ HITJIT^ OKF ON_YEÊVEBK^Fbhi~ven nbhwokei~ ikvit ekvitkovebkoa dy~eki~~ vmbyjm hitjit~ okf onqye~evebk~+ Ofbhi~ven nbhwoku ~iainv~ o lbtiejk nbhwoku okf hitji~ ev~ial zevm vmi lbtiejknbhwoku ek btfit vb ikvit ekvitkovebkoa dy~eki~~+ Oavitkove|iau! vmi fbhi~vennbhwoku hou wytnmo~i vmi lbtiejk nbhwoku okf onqyeti~ ev~ bzkit~mew okf nbkvtba+Fbhi~ven dy~eki~~ ~iainv~ vme~ hbfi bl ikvitekj ekvitkovebkoa dy~eki~~ o~ ev wtb|efi~

^vyfu Hoviteoa bk Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ du ( Kojwyt( 4< (


27/202

ehhifeovi onni~~ vb ekvitkovebkoa hokylonvytekj loneaevei~ okf hotìvekj kivzbt`+Bvmitze~i! vmi fbhi~ven nbhwoku loni~ ~iteby~ wtbdaih~ ek joekekj onni~~ vbekvitkovebkoa hotìv~+ Lbt i}ohwai! Nbno( Nbao ikvitif Ekfeok hotìv ek~vokvau duonqyetekj vmi Wotai okf ev~ dbvvaekj ykev~+ Ek offevebk! vmi fbhi~ven nbhwoku vmtbyjmvme~ ~vtoviju bl hitjit~ okf onqye~evebk hou oa~b jiv onni~~ vb kiz vinmkbabju bt owovikv tejmv+

Vmbyjm hitjit~ okf onqye~evebk~ wtb|efi io~u okf ek~vokv ikvtu vb jabdoa dy~eki~~! evzbyaf di |itu fellenyav vb owwtoe~i vmi no~i~ bl onqye~evebk~ okf hitjit~+ ^bhi vehi~ev zbyaf di nmiowit vb o fbhi~ven nbhwoku vb mo|i o jtiik leiaf ~vtoviju vmok duonqye~evebk~+ ^bhivehi~ hitjit~ okf onqye~evebk~ oa~b ti~yav ek wytnmo~ekj vmiwtbdaih~ bl o lbtiejk nbhwoku+

Vmi of|okvoji~ okf fe~of|okvoji~ bl vme~ ~vtoviju eknayfi3

Of|okvoji~ okf fe~of|okvoji~ bl onqye~evebk ~vtovijuOf|okvoji~ Vmi nbhwoku ehhifeoviau jiv~ vmi bzkit~mew okf nbkvtba b|it vmi onqyetifleth~ lonvbtei~! ihwabuii~! vinmkbabju! dtokf kohi~ okf fe~vtedyvebk kivzbt`~+ Vmi nbhwoku nok lbthyaovi ekvitkovebkoa ~vtoviju okf jikitovi hbtiti|ikyi~+ El vmi ekfy~vtu oatiofu tionmif vmi ~voji bl bwvehyh nowonevu ai|ia btb|itnowonevu ai|ia ek vmi mb~v nbykvtu+ Vme~ ~vtoviju miaw~ vmi inbkbhu bl vmi mb~vnbykvtu+

Fe~of|okvoji~ Onqyetekj o leth ek o lbtiejk nbykvtu e~ o nbhwai} vo~` ek|ba|ekj dokìt~!aozuit~! tijyaovebk~! hitjit~ okf onqye~evebk ~wineoae~v~ ltbh vmi vzb nbykvtei~+

Vme~ ~vtoviju off~ kb nowonevu vb vmi ekfy~vtu+ ^bhivehi~ mb~v nbykvtei~ ehwb~if ti~vtenvebk~ bk onqye~evebk bl abnoanbhwokei~ du vmi lbtiejk nbhwokei~+ Aodbyt wtbdaih~ bl vmi mb~v nbykvtu~ nbhwoku oti oa~b vtok~littif vb vmionqyetif nbhwoku+

Ekvitkovebkoa vtofi vmibtuLbtiejk vtofi e~ ok oji(baf wmikbhikbk+ Dijekkekj zevm Hitnokveae~h! vme~ vbwenwti~ikv~ vmi nbkniwv~ bl od~bayvi okf nbhwotove|i of|okvoji! lonvbt wtbwbtvebk~vmibtu okf nbykvtu ~esi okf nbykvtu ~eheaotevu vmibtei~+ Ev oa~b fe~ny~~i~ vmiekvitkovebkoa wtbfynv aeli nunai okf Wbtvit~ fivithekokv~ bl kovebkoa nbhwiveve|i

of|okvoji+Lbtiejk vtofi -ehwbtvekj okf i}wbtvekj onve|evei~% e~ bki hiok~ du zmenm nbykvtei~oti aekìf inbkbhenoaau+ Vzb jikitoa vuwi~ bl vtofi vmibtei~ witvoek vb ekvitkovebkoady~eki~~+ Fi~ntewve|i vmibtei~ fioa zevm vmi kovytoa btfit bl vtofi0 vmiu i}ohekiokf i}waoek wovvitk~ bl vtofi ykfit aoe~~is(loeti nbkfevebk~+ Wti~ntewve|i vmibtei~fioa zevm vmi qyi~vebk bl zmivmit jb|itkhikv~ ~mbyaf ~ii` vb oavit vmi ohbykv!nbhwb~evebk okf"bt fetinvebk bl vtofi+

E+ Hitnokveae~hVmi nbkniwv blhitnokveae~h -o sitb(~yh johi% zo~ wbwyaot ltbh odbyv ?977(?=770ev wytwbtv~ vmov o nbykvtu~ zioavm e~ hio~ytif du ev~ mbafekj~ bl vtio~yti -y~yoaaujbaf%+ Vb oho~~ o ~ytway~ -o lo|bytodai doaokni bl vtofi% o nbykvtu hy~v i}wbtv

hbti vmok ev ehwbtv~ okf vmik nbaainv jbaf -okf bvmit lbth~ bl zioavm% ltbh nbykvtei~vmov tyk o filenev-ok yklo|bytodai doaokni bl vtofi%+ Kibhitnokveae~h tiwti~ikv~vmi hbti tinikv wbaenu bl nbykvtei~ vmov vtu vb tyk o lo|bytodai doaokni bl vtofi ekbtfit vb onmei|i ~bhi wotvenyaot kovebkoa bdcinve|i |eowtbvinvebke~h+

^vyfu Hoviteoa bk Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ du ( Kojwyt( 4: (


28/202

ee+ Od~bayvi of|okvojiEk ?::< Ofoh ^hevm naoehif vmi zioavm bl o kovebk nbk~e~vif bl vmi jbbf~ okf~it|eni~ o|oeaodai vb ev~ nevesik~+ Me~ vmibtu bl od~bayvi of|okvoji mbaf~ vmov onbykvtu nok ho}ehesi ev~ bzk inbkbhen ziaa diekj du ~wineoaesekj ek vmi wtbfynvebkbl vmb~i jbbf~ ev nok wtbfyni hbti illeneikvau vmok oku bvmit kovebk okf ikmoknijabdoa illeneiknu vmtbyjm ev~ wotvenewovebk ek -ykti~vtenvif% ltii vtofi+O+ Kovytoa Of|okvojiO nbykvtu hou mo|i o kovytoa of|okvoji ek vmi wtbfynvebk bl wotvenyaot wtbfynv~dinoy~i bl je|ik naehoven nbkfevebk~0 onni~~ vb nitvoek kovytoa ti~bytni~! vmio|oeaodeaevu bl kiifif aodbyt lbtni~! ivn+D+ Onqyetif Of|okvojiOk onqyetif of|okvoji tiwti~ikv~ o fe~veknv of|okvoji ek ~èaa~0 vinmkbabju okf"btnowevoa o~~iv~! vmy~ ueiafekj fellitikveovif wtbfynv bllitekj~ okf"bt nb~v(nbhwiveve|imbhbjikiby~ wtbfynv~+N+ Ti~bytni Illeneiknu I}ohwaiTioa eknbhi fiwikf~ bk vmi byvwyv bl jbbf~ o~ nbhwotif vb vmi ti~bytni~ y~if vbwtbfyni vmih+ Vmiwtbfynvebk wb~~edeaevei~ ~mbz~ vmov du ~wineoaesekj okf vtofekj!vzb nbykvtei~ nok mo|i hbti vmok vmiu zbyaf zevmbyv vtofi! vmy~ bwvehe~ekj jabdoailleneiknu+

eee+ Nbhwotove|i of|okvojiEk ?=?: Fo|ef Tenotfb tio~bkif vmiti zbyaf ~veaa di joek~

ltbh vtofi el o nbykvtu ~wineoaesif ek vmi wtbfynvebk bl vmb~ivmekj~ ev nok wtbfyni hb~v illeneikvau! i|ik el bvmit nbykvtei~

nok wtbfyni vmb~i vmekj~ i|ik hbti illeneikvau+ Wyv okbvmitzou! Tenotfb~ vmibtu blnbhwotove|i of|okvoji mbaf~ vmov onbykvtu nok ho}ehesi ev~ bzk inbkbhen ziaa(diekj du~wineoaesekj ek vmi wtbfynvebk bl vmb~i jbbf~ ev nok wtbfynitiaove|iau illeneikvau okf ikmokni jabdoa illeneiknu vmtbyjm ev~wotvenewovebk ek -ykti~vtenvif% ltii vtofi+

Tenotfeok Hbfia Mejmaejmv~ Vtofi bnnyt~ fyi vb fellitikni~ ek wtbfynvebk vinmkbabju+

Vmi Tenotfeok hbfia e~ nbk~vtynvif ~ynm vmov vmi bkau fellitikni divziik nbykvtei~ e~ek vmiet wtbfynvebk vinmkbabjei~+ Oaa bvmit liovyti~ oti o~~yhif efikvenoa ontb~~nbykvtei~+ êkni vtofi zbyaf bnnyt okf di of|okvojiby~! vmi hbfia mejmaejmv~ bki bk

vmi hoek tio~bk~ zmu nbykvtei~ vtofi0 kohiau! fellitikni~ ek vinmkbabju+ Vtofi e~ of|okvojiby~ lbt i|itubki ek dbvm nbykvtei~+Oavmbyjm hb~v hbfia~ bl vtofi ~yjji~v vmov ~bhi wibwai zbyaf dikilev okf ~bhiab~i ltbh ltii vtofi! vmi Tenotfeok hbfia ~mbz~ vmov i|itubki nbyaf dikilev ltbhvtofi+ Vme~ nok di ~mbzk y~ekj ok ojjtijovi tiwti~ikvovebk bl zialoti bt dunoanyaovekj vmi nmokji ek tioa zoji~ vb zbtìt~+ Mbzi|it! bki bl vmi tio~bk~ lbt vme~byvnbhi e~ vmi ~ehwaeluekj o~~yhwvebk vmov vmiti e~ bkau bki lonvbt bl wtbfynvebk+

I|ik o vinmkbabjenoaau eklitebt nbykvtu nok dikilev ltbh ltii vtofi+Vme~ ekviti~vekj ti~yav zo~ let~v ~mbzk du Tenotfb y~ekj o ~ehwai kyhitenoa i}ohwai+Vmi okoau~e~ mejmaejmv~ vmi ehwbtvokni bl wtbfynekj o nbykvtu*~ nbhwotove|iof|okvoji jbbf tovmit vmok ev~ od~bayvi of|okvoji jbbf+

O fi|iabwif nbykvtu nok nbhwivi ojoek~v ~bhi abz lbtiejk zoji

ekfy~vtei~+Vmi Tenotfeok hbfia ~mbz~ vmi wb~~edeaevu vmov ok ekfy~vtu ek o fi|iabwif nbykvtunbyaf nbhwivi ojoek~v ok ekfy~vtu ek o ai~~ fi|iabwif nbykvtu i|ik vmbyjm vmi AFNekfy~vtu wou~ ev~ zbtìt~ hynm abzit zoji~+

^vyfu Hoviteoa bk Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ du ( Kojwyt( 4= (


29/202

O+ Ok Okoabjby~ I}waokovebk bl Nbhwotove|i Of|okvojiZbyaf ev hoì ~ik~i lbt vmi di~v wmu~eneok ek vbzk! zmb oa~b mowwik~ vb di vmi hb~vvoaikvif hifenoa ~intivotu! vb mokfai oaa bl vmi ofheke~vtove|i fyvei~ bl ok blleni2 Kb+

Vmi wmu~eneok nok ho}ehesi dbvm byvwyv okf eknbhi du zbtèkj o~ o wmu~eneok okfihwabuekj o ~intivotu+ Ek vmi ~ohi hokkit! o nbykvtu zeaa joek el ev nbknikvtovi~ ev~ti~bytni~ bk vmi wtbfynvebk bl vmb~i wtbfynv~ ev nok wtbfyni hb~v illeneikvau+D+ Wtbfynvebk Wb~~edeaevu I}ohwaiO nbykvtu nok ~ehyavokiby~au mo|i o nbhwotove|i of|okvoji okf ok od~bayvife~of|okvoji ek vmi wtbfynvebk bl o je|ik wtbfynv+ O~~yhi vmov vmi Ykevif ^vovi~ e~hbti illeneikv vmok ^te Aokò ek vmi wtbfynvebk bl dbvm zmiov okf vio+ Mbzi|it! vmiYkevif ^vovi~ mo~ o nbhwotove|i of|okvoji ek zmiov wtbfynvebk+ Du nbknikvtovekj bkvmi wtbfynv ek zmenm ev mo~ vmi jtiovit of|okvoji -zmiov% okf aivvekj ^te Aokòwtbfyni vmi wtbfynv ek zmenm vmi Y+^+ e~ nbhwotove|iau ai~~ illeneikv -vio%! jabdoabyvwyv nok di ekntio~if! okf ~wineoaesovebk okf vtofi nok dikilev dbvm nbykvtei~+

^bhi o~~yhwvebk~ okf aehevovebk~ bl vmi vmibtei~ bl ~wineoaesovebkVmi vmibtei~ bl od~bayvi okf nbhwotove|i of|okvoji oti do~if ywbk vmi inbkbhenjoek~ ltbh ~wineoaesovebk! e+i+! nbknikvtovebk bk vmi wtbfynvebk bl o aehevif kyhditbl wtbfynv~+ Ionm mbaf~ vmov ~wineoaesovebk zeaa ho}ehesi byvwyv okf vmov ~yd~iqyikvvtofi zeaa ho}ehesi nbk~yhit zialoti+ Mbzi|it! dbvm vmibtei~ hoì nitvoeko~~yhwvebk~ vmov hou kbv oazou~ di |oaef+O+ Lyaa IhwabuhikvDbvm vmibtei~ o~~yhi vmov ti~bytni~ oti lyaau ihwabuif+ Zmik nbykvtei~ mo|i hokuyk( bt ykfit(ihwabuif ti~bytni~! vmiu hou ~ii` vb ti~vtenv ehwbtv~ ek btfit vbihwabu vmiet bzk o|oeaodai zbtìt~ okf bvmit o~~iv~+

D+ Inbkbhen Illeneiknu Bdcinve|iNbykvtei~ blvik wyt~yi bdcinve|i~ bvmit vmok inbkbhen illeneiknu+ Lbt i}ohwai! vmiuhou ekvikvebkoaau o|bef b|it~wineoae~ovebk dinoy~i bl vmi |yakitodeaevu ntiovif duwbvikveoa nmokji~ ek vinmkbabju okf wteni laynvyovebk~+N+ Fe|e~ebk bl Joek~Oavmbyjm ~wineoaesovebk fbi~ ho}ehesi byvwyv! ev e~ yknaiot mbz vmb~i joek~ zeaa dife|efif+ El bki nbykvtu witnie|i~ o vtofekj wotvkit o~ tinie|ekj vbb aotji o ~moti blvmi dikilev~! ev hou nmbb~i vb lbtijb ev~ tiaove|iau ~hoaa joek~ ek btfit vb wti|ikv vmibvmit nbykvtu ltbh tinie|ekj aotji joek~+F+ Vzb Nbykvtei~! Vzb Nbhhbfevei~

Vmi zbtaf e~ nbhwte~if bl hyavewai nbykvtei~ okf hyavewai nbhhbfevei~+ Kbkivmiai~~!vmi vmibtei~ oti ~veaa y~ilya0 inbkbhe~v~ mo|i owwaeif vmi ~ohi tio~bkekj okf

fihbk~vtovif vmi inbkbhen illeneiknu of|okvoji~ ek hyave(wtbfynv okf hyave(nbykvtuwtbfynvebk okf vtofi tiaovebk~mew~+I+ Hbdeaevu

Kievmit vmi o~~yhwvebk vmov ti~bytni~ nok hb|i fbhi~venoaau ltbh vmi wtbfynvebk blbki jbbf vb okbvmit okf ov kb nb~v! kbt vmi o~~yhwvebk vmov ti~bytni~ nokkbv hb|iekvitkovebkoaau! e~ ikvetiau |oaef+ Kbkivmiai~~! fbhi~ven hbdeaevu e~ jtiovit vmok vmiekvitkovebkoa hbdeaevu bl ti~bytni~+ Naiotau! vmi hb|ihikv bl ti~bytni~ ~ynm o~aodbyt okf nowevoa e~ ok oavitkove|i vb vtofi+L+ ^voven~ okf Fukohen~Oavmbyjm vmi vmibtei~ bl od~bayvi okf nbhwotove|i of|okvoji nbk~efit joek~ ov oje|ik vehi -o ~voven |eiz%! vmi tiaove|i nbkfevebk~ vmov ~yttbykf o nbykvtu~ of|okvojibt fe~of|okvoji oti fukohen -nbk~vokvau nmokjekj%+ Vmy~ bki nokkbv o~~yhi lyvyti

of|okvoji~ zeaa tihoek nbk~vokv+I+ ît|eni~Oavmbyjm vmi vmibtei~ blod~bayvi okf nbhwotove|i of|okvoji ziti fi|iabwif ltbhvmi wit~winve|i bl vtofi ek nbhhbfevei~! hynm bl vmi ~ohi tio~bkekj nok di owwaeif



30/202

vb vtofi ek ~it|eni~+

^vyfu Hoviteoa bk Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ du ( Kojwyt( >7 (


31/202

Vmi vmibtu bl nbykvtu ~esiVmi vmibtu bl nbykvtu~esi mbaf~ vmov aotji nbykvtei~ oti hbti owv vb mo|i |oteifnaehovi~ okf kovytoa ti~bytni~! okf vmitilbti zeaa jikitoaau di hbti kiotau ~ial(~ylleneikv vmok ~hoaa nbykvtei~+ Ti~iotnm do~if bk nbykvtu ~esi miaw~ i}waoek vminbykvtu(du(nbykvtu fellitikni~ tijotfekj mbz hynm okf zmov wtbfynv~ zeaa di vtofifvmtbyjm ~wineoaesovebk vmov oti kbv fioav zevm du vmi vmibtei~ bl od~bayvi okfnbhwotove|i of|okvoji+O+ \oteivu bl Ti~bytni~Aotji nbykvtei~ oti hbti owv vb mo|i |oteif naehovi~ okf o jtiovit o~~btvhikv blkovytoa ti~bytni~ vmok ~hoaait nbykvtei~! vmy~ hoèkj vmi aotji nbykvtei~ hbti ~ial(~ylleneikv+D+ Vtok~wbtv Nb~v~Je|ik vmi ~ohi vuwi~ bl vittoek okf hbfi~ bl vtok~wbtvovebk! vmi jtiovit vmi

fe~vokni! vmi mejmit vtok~wbtv nb~v~ zeaa di+ Vmy~ nitvoek leth~ ek aotji nbykvtei~ houloni mejmit vtok~wbtvovebk nb~v~ ek vith~ bl ~it|ekj vmiet fe~vokv kovebkoa hotìv~vmok fb vmiet nab~it lbtiejk nbhwivevbt~+N+ Vmi êsi bl vmi Inbkbhu okf Wtbfynvebk ^noai~Nbykvtei~ zevm aotji inbkbhei~ okf mejm wit nowevo eknbhi~ oti hbti aeìau vbwtbfyni jbbf~ vmov y~i vinmkbabjei~ tiqyetekj abkj wtbfynvebk tyk~+ Vmi~i nbykvtei~fi|iabw ekfy~vtei~ vb ~it|i vmiet aotji fbhi~ven hotìv~! zmenm ek vytk vikf vb oa~bdi nbhwiveve|i ek i}wbtv hotìv~+ Bk vmi bvmit mokf! je|ik ev~ nowonevu vmivinmkbabjenoaau ekvik~e|i nbhwoku ltbh o ~hoaa kovebk hou mo|i o nbhwiaaekj kiifvb ~iaa odtbof+ Ek vytk! vme~ kiif zbyaf wyaa ti~bytni~ ltbh bvmit ekfy~vtei~ zevmek vmileth~ fbhi~ven hotìv! vmitidu noy~ekj hbti kovebkoa ~wineoaesovebk vmok ek o aotjitkovebk+

Vmi lonvbt(wtbwbtvebk~ vmibtuVmi Min`~nmit(Bmaek vmibtu bl lonvbt ikfbzhikv e~ y~ilya ek i}vikfekj vminbkniwv bl nbhwotove|i of|okvoji du dtekjekj ekvb nbk~efitovebk o kovebk~ikfbzhikv okf nb~v bl lonvbt~ bl wtbfynvebk+ Vmi vmibtu mbaf~ vmov o nbykvtu zeaavikf vb i}wbtv wtbfynv~ vmov yveaesi lonvbt~ bl wtbfynvebk tiaove|iau odykfokv ek vmovkovebk+O+ Aokf(Aodbt Tiaovebk~mewEk nbykvtei~ zevm hoku wibwai tiaove|i vb vmi ~esi bl vmi o|oeaodai aokf! aodbyt zbyafdi tiaove|iau -nbhwotove|iau% nmiow0 vmy~ vmb~i nbykvtei~ ~mbyaf nbknikvtovi bkwtbfynekj okf i}wbtvekj aodbyt(ekvik~e|i jbbf~+D+ Aodbyt(Nowevoa Tiaovebk~mew

Ek nbykvtei~ zmiti aevvai nowevoa e~ o|oeaodai lbt ek|i~vhikv okf zmiti vmi ohbykv blek|i~vhikv wit zbtìt e~ abz! vmik abz aodbyt tovi~ zbyaf oa~b di i}winvif+ Ojoek!vmb~i nbykvtei~ ~mbyaf nbknikvtovi bk wtbfynekj okf i}wbtvekj aodbyt(ekvik~e|ijbbf~+ -Vmi lonv vmov aodbyt ~èaa~ vikf vb |otu ontb~~ nbykvtei~ mo~ aif vbekvitkovebkoa vo~` ~wineoaesovebk zevm ti~winv vb kovebkoa wtbfynvebk onve|evei~+%N+ Vinmkbabjenoa Nbhwai}evei~Lonvbt wtbwbtvebk~ okoau~e~ dinbhi~ nbhwaenovif zmik vmi ~ohi wtbfynv nok diwtbfynif du fellitikv hivmbf~! ~ynm o~ zevm fellitikv he}i~ bl aodbyt okf nowevoa+Hokojit~ hy~v nbk~efit vmi nb~v ek ionm abnoai! do~if bk vmi vuwi bl wtbfynvebk vmovzeaa hekehesi nb~v~ vmiti+

Vmi wtbfynv aeli nunai vmibtu bl vtofi

\itkbk~ ekvitkovebkoa wtbfynv aeli nunai -WAN% fi~ntedi~ mbz vmi abnovebk blwtbfynvebk okf vtofi onve|evei~ ~melv~ o~ o wtbfynv hb|i~ vmtbyjm ev~ aeli nunai+O+ Nmokji~ vmtbyjm vmi NunaiO jtiov hocbtevu bl vmi kiz vinmkbabju vmov ti~yav~ ek kiz wtbfynv~ okf wtbfynvebk

^vyfu Hoviteoa bk Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ du ( Kojwyt( >? (


32/202

hivmbf~ btejekovi~ ek ekfy~vteoa nbykvtei~+?+ Ekvtbfynvebk+ Ekkb|ovebk! wtbfynvebk okf ~oai~ bnnyt ek vmi fbhi~ven -ekkb|ovekj%nbykvtu+ Dinoy~i vmi wtbfynv e~ kbv uiv ~vokfotfesif! vmi wtbfynvebk wtbni~~ vikf~ vbdi tiaove|iau aodbt ekvik~e|i! okf ekkb|ove|i ny~vbhit~ vikf vb onniwv tiaove|iau mejmekvtbfynvbtu wteni~+4+ Jtbzvm+ O~ fihokf jtbz~! nbhwivevbt~ ikvit vmi hotìv+ Lbtiejk fihokf!nbhwivevebk! i}wbtv~ okf blvik fetinv ek|i~vhikv onve|evei~ oa~b dijek vb onniaitovi+>+ Hovytevu+ Jabdoa fihokf dijek~ vb wio`! wtbfynvebk wtbni~~i~ oti tiaove|iau~vokfotfesif okf jabdoa wteni nbhwivevebk lbtni~ wtbfynvebk ~evi tiabnovebk vb abzitnb~v fi|iabwekj nbykvtei~+6+ Finaeki+ Hotìv lonvbt~ okf nb~v wti~~yti~ fenvovi vmov oahb~v oaa wtbfynvebkbnnyt ek fi|iabwekj nbykvtei~+ Vmi wtbfynv e~ vmik ehwbtvif du vmi nbykvtu zmiti evzo~ ekeveoaau fi|iabwif+

D+ \itelenovebk okf Aehevovebk~ bl vmi WAN VmibtuI}niwvebk~ vb vmi vuwenoa wovvitk bl vmi ekvitkovebkoa wtbfynv aeli nunai zbyaf eknayfi3wtbfynv~ vmov mo|i |itu ~mbtv aeli nunai~! ay}ytu jbbf~! wtbfynv~ vmov tiqyeti~wineoaesif aodbt! wtbfynv~ vmov nok di fellitikveovif okf wtbfynv~ lbt zmenmvtok~wbtvovebk nb~v~ oti tiaove|iau mejm+

Nbykvtu ~eheaotevu vmibtuWti|eby~au i}ohekif vmibtei~ zbyaf aiof bki vb nbknayfi vmov vmi jtiovit vmife~~eheaotevu ohbkj nbykvtei~! vmi jtiovit vmi wbvikveoa lbt vtofi+ Mbzi|it! vminbykvtu ~eheaotevu vmibtu ~vovi~ vmov zmik o leth fi|iabw~ o kiz wtbfynv ekti~wbk~i vb bd~it|if nbkfevebk~ ek vmi mbhi hotìv! ev e~ aeìau vb vytk vb vmb~ilbtiejk hotìv~ vmov oti hb~v ~eheaot vb ev~ fbhi~ven hotìv zmik nbhhiknekj ev~

ekeveoa ekvitkovebkoa i}wok~ebk onve|evei~+O+ Vmi Inbkbhen eheaotevu bl Ekfy~vteoa Nbykvtei~^b hynm vtofi voì~ waoni ohbkj ekfy~vteoaesif nbykvtei~ dinoy~i bl vmi jtbzekjehwbtvokni bl onqyetif of|okvoji -~èaa~ okf vinmkbabju%+ Ek offevebk! hotìv~ ekhb~v ekfy~vteoaesif nbykvtei~ oti aotji ikbyjm vb ~ywwbtv kiz wtbfynv ekvtbfynvebk~okf vmiet ~yd~iqyikv |oteokv~ ontb~~ vmi aeli nunai+D+ Vmi êheaotevu bl AbnovebkNbykvtei~ vmov oti kiot vb ionm bvmit ikcbu tiaove|iau abzit vtok~wbtvovebk nb~v~ vmokvmb~i vmov oti hbti fe~vokv+ Zmeai vmi fe~of|okvoji~ bl fe~vokni hou di b|itnbhivmtbyjm ekkb|ove|i vinmkbabju okf hotìvekj hivmbf~! ~ynm joek~ oti fellenyav vbhoekvoek ek vmi abkj tyk+N+ Nyavytoa eheaotevu

Nyavytoa ~eheaotevu o~ i}wti~~if vmtbyjm aokjyoji okf tiaejebk e~ o hocbt loneaevovbt blvmi ekvitkovebkoa vtofi okf ek|i~vhikv wtbni~~+F+ Vmi eheaotevu bl Wbaevenoa okf Inbkbhen Ekviti~v~Nbykvtei~ vmov ojtii wbaevenoaau okf oti inbkbhenoaau ~eheaot oti aeìau vb iknbytojivtofi ohbkj vmih~ia|i~+ Ek ~bhi netnyh~vokni~ ov aio~v! vmiu hou oa~b fe~nbytojivtofi ohbkj nbykvtei~ zevm zmbh vmiu fe~ojtii+

Fijtii bl fiwikfikniVmibtei~ bl ekfiwikfikni! ekvitfiwikfikni okf fiwikfikni miaw i}waoek zbtaf vtofiwovvitk~ okf nbykvtei~ vtofi wbaenei~+ Tioae~venoaau! nbykvtei~ oti abnovif oabkj onbkvekyyh divziik vmi vzb i}vtihi~+O+ Ekfiwikfikni

Ykfit nbkfevebk~ blekfiwikfikni! o nbykvtu zbyaf kbv tiau bk bvmit nbykvtei~ lbtoku jbbf~! ~it|eni~! bt vinmkbabjei~+D+ EkvitfiwikfikniBki zou o nbykvtu nok aehev ev~ |yakitodeaevu vb lbtiejk nmokji~ e~ vmtbyjm



33/202

ekvitfiwikfikni! e+i+! vmi fi|iabwhikv bl vtofi tiaovebk~mew~ bk vmi do~e~ blhyvyoa kiif+ Ionm nbykvtu fiwikf~ odbyv iqyoaau bk vmi bvmit o~ o vtofekj wotvkit!~b kievmit e~ ae`iau vb nyv bll ~ywwaei~ bt hot`iv~ lbt liot bl tivoaeovebk ltbh vmiwotvkit kovebk+

^vyfu Hoviteoa bk Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ du ( Kojwyt( >> (


34/202

N+ FiwikfikniHoku fi|iabwekj nbykvtei~ oti fiwikfikv -tiau bk% bk vmi ~oai bl bki wtehotunbhhbfevu! bt bk bki nbykvtu o~ o wtehotu ny~vbhit okf"bt ~ywwaeit+ Ek offevebk!ihitjekj inbkbhei~ aotjiau fiwikf bk wtbfynvebk wtbni~~i~ vmov nbhwivi bk vmido~e~ bl abz(zoji ekwyv~+

^vtovijen vtofi wbaenuJb|itkhikv~ mo|i abkj fidovif vmiet tbai~ ek ollinvekj vmi onqyetif of|okvoji blwtbfynvebk zevmek vmiet dbtfit~+ Ltbh vmi ~vokfwbekv bl kovebkoa nbhwiveve|iki~~! vmie~~yi ti|ba|i~ otbykf vmi fi|iabwhikv bl ~ynni~~lya ekfy~vtei~+ Vmi vzb do~enowwtbonmi~ vb ~vtovijen vtofi wbaenuoti -o% oavit nbkfevebk~ vmov zeaa ollinv ekfy~vtuek jikitoa bt -d% oavit nbkfevebk~ vmov zeaa ollinv o votjivif ekfy~vtu+

Zmu nbhwokei~ vtofi ekvitkovebkoaauTijotfai~~ bl vmi of|okvoji~ o nbykvtu hou joek du vtofekj! ekvitkovebkoa vtofi zeaakbv btfekoteau bnnyt ykai~~ nbhwokei~ zevmek vmov nbykvtu mo|i nbhwiveve|iof|okvoji~ okf witnie|i vmov ekvitkovebkoa bwwbtvykevei~ oti jtiovit vmok fbhi~venbki~+O+ Vmi Wbtvit FeohbkfEk offevebk vb vmi lbyt fivithekokv~ bl kovebkoa nbhwiveve|i of|okvoji vmov oti ~ivlbtvm ek vmi Wbtvit feohbkf! vmi tbai~ bl nmokni okf jb|itkhikv oti oa~b ntevenoa+Y~yoaau oaa lbyt fivithekokv~ kiif vb di lo|btodai el o je|ik kovebkoa ekfy~vtu e~ jbekjvb ovvoek jabdoa nbhwiveve|iki~~+?+ Fihokf Nbkfevebk~+ Vmi kovyti okf ~esi bl fihokf ek vmi mbhi hotìv aiof vb

vmi i~vodae~mhikv bl wtbfynvebk loneaevei~ vb hiiv vmov fihokf+4+ Lonvbt Nbkfevebk~+ Ti~bytni o|oeaodeaevu -ekwyv~! aodbt! nowevoa okf vinmkbabju%

nbkvtedyvi~ vb vmi nbhwiveve|iki~~ bl dbvm leth~ okf kovebk~ vmov nbhwivi ekwotvenyaot ekfy~vtei~+

>+ Tiaovif okf ^ywwbtvekj Ekfy~vtei~+ Vmi abnoa wti~ikni bl ekvitkovebkoaaunbhwiveve|i ~ywwaeit~ okf bvmit tiaovif ekfy~vtei~ nbkvtedyvi~ vb dbvm vmi nb~villinve|iki~~ okf ~vtovijen nbhwiveve|iki~~ bl leth~+

6+ Leth ^vtoviju! ^vtynvyti okf Te|oatu+ Vmi ntiovebk okf wit~e~vikni bl kovebkoanbhwiveve|i of|okvoji tiqyeti~ aiofekj(ifji wtbfynv okf wtbni~~ vinmkbabjei~okf dy~eki~~ ~vtovijei~+

D+ Wbekv~ okf Aehevovebk~ bl vmi Wbtvit FeohbkfVmi i}e~vikni bl vmi lbyt lo|btodai nbkfevebk~ blvik tiwti~ikv~ o kini~~otu dyv kbv o

~ylleneikv nbkfevebk lbt vmi fi|iabwhikv bl o wotvenyaot kovebkoa ekfy~vtu+ I|ik zmikodykfokv! ti~bytni~ oti yavehoviau aehevif! vmy~ leth~ hy~v hoì nmbeni~ tijotfekjvmiet wyt~yev bl i}e~vekj bwwbtvykevei~+ Lytvmit! je|ik vmi odeaevu bl leth~ vb joekhotìv eklbthovebk okf wtbfynvebk ekwyv~ ltbh odtbof! vmi od~ikni bl oku bl vmi lbytnbkfevebk~ zevmek o nbykvtu hou di b|itnbhi du vmiet i}e~vikni ekvitkovebkoaau+

Nbhwokei~ tbai ek vtofiEkvitkovebkoa vtofi bnnyt~ dinoy~i bl vmi nbhwaivebk bl hyvyoaau ~ove~lonvbtuvtok~onvebk~ divziik bt ohbkj ehwbtvit~ okf i}wbtvit~+O+ ^vtovijen Of|okvoji~ bl I}wbtv~

Vmi ~vtovijen of|okvoji~ bl i}wbtv~ eknayfi vmi yveaesovebk bl i}ni~~ nowonevu -vmov ekvytk aiof~ vb ehwtb|if inbkbhei~ bl ~noai okf nb~v nbhwiveve|iki~~%! vmi wbvikveoa

wtblevodeaevu fyi vb vmi kovyti bl fihokf okf jb|itkhikv wbaenei~ lbykf ek lbtiejkhotìv~! o~ ziaa o~ b|itoaa dy~eki~~ te~` hekehesovebk+D+ ^vtovijen Of|okvoji~ bl Ehwbtv~

Vmi ~vtovijen of|okvoji~ bl ehwbtv~ eknayfi abzit(nb~v! mejmit(qyoaevu wtbfynv~!



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wtbfynv aeki fellitikveovebk okf i}wok~ebk bwwbtvykevei~ okf b|itoaa dy~eki~~ te~`hekehesovebk+

Ivmenoa feaihho\oayi~! Ltii Jabdoa Vtofi okf Wtbfynvebk ^vokfotf~O Motf Vteb vb He}

Vmi fidovi b|it aoe~~is(loeti |it~y~ onve|e~v jb|itkhikv vtofi wbaenei~ e~ jikitoaau omiovif bki dinoy~i fellitikv nbykvtu |oayi~ ykfitaei fellitekj |eiz~ okf jb|itkhikvwbaenei~+ Vmi otjyhikv lbt ltii vtofi wbaenu e~ do~if bk vmi onmei|ihikv bl jabdoainbkbhen illeneiknu! dyv vmi o~~bneovif ~bneoa okf ik|etbkhikvoa |oayi~ hou fellitontb~~ nbykvtei~ okf nyavyti~+ Ivmenoa qyi~vebk~ nikvit bk zmivmit-o% Oaa nbykvtei~ ~mbyaf mo|i ~eheaot wtbfynvebk ~vokfotf~ okf -d% leth~ ~mbyaf diwithevvif vb abnovi wtbfynvebk onve|evei~ ek nbykvtei~ zmb~i abzit ~vokfotf~ oaabzvmih vb tioaesi abzit nb~v~+

Abbèkj vb vmi lyvytiNbhwokei~ Ofcy~v vb Nmokjekj Vtofi Wbaenei~ okf Nbkfevebk~Leth~ mo|i jtiovit bwwbtvykevei~ vb wyt~yi jabdoa ~vtovijei~ okf nowvyti inbkbhei~bl ~noai du ~it|ekj hotìv~ ek hbti vmok bki nbykvtu ltbh o ~ekjai do~i blwtbfynvebk el vmb~i nbykvtei~ mo|i tiaove|iau liz ti~vtenvebk~ bk lbtiejk vtofi okfek|i~vhikv onve|evei~+ Nyttikv e~~yi~ nbknitk vmi lyvyti bl vtofi tiaovebk~mew~divziik ekfy~vteoaesif okf fi|iabwekj nbykvtei~! o~ ziaa o~ vmi nbkniwv bl kovebkoa~b|itiejkvu+ Ov aio~v lbyt lonvbt~ hejmv noy~i hitnmokfe~i vtofi vb dinbhi tiaove|iauai~~ ~ejkelenokv ek vmi lyvyti3

Vmi jtbzekj vefi bl wtbvinvebke~v ~ikvehikv Vmi wb~~edeaevu bl hbti illeneikv nbykvtu(du(nbykvtu wtbfynvebk

Ekntio~ekjau lai}edai okf illeneikv ~hoaa(~noai wtbfynvebk hivmbf~ Vmi towef jtbzvm bl ~it|eni~ o~ o wbtvebk bl wtbfynvebk okf nbk~yhwvebk zevmek

vmi ekfy~vteoaesif kovebk~+

LO_ Ztevi kbvi~ bk3^vtovijei~ bl jabdoaesovebk3 (^voji~ ek jabdoaesovebk3 (Vmi ki}v abjenoa qyi~vebk e~ mbz nbhwokei~ jb jabdoa+ Evhou di ~vovif vmov jabdoaesovebk fbi~ kbv voì waoni b|itkejmv+ Ev wtbniif~ vmtbyjm~i|itoa ~vovi bl ekvitkovebkoaesovebk+ Vmiti oti ov aio~v lbyt ~voji~ ek jabdoaesovebkwtbni~~+ Nbhwokei~ ov vmi let~v ~voji bl jabdoaesovebk mo|i bkau wo~~ekj fioaekj~ zevmlbtiejk ekfe|efyoa~ okf btjokesovebk~+ Ov vme~ wbekv lbt i}ohwai o nbhwoku hejmv

nbkvikv ev~ial zevm i}inyvekj b|it~io~ btfit~ vmov mi nbhi ek zevmbyv oku ~iteby~hotìvekj+Fbhi~ven nbhwoku3 (Hb~v ekvitkovebkoa nbhwokei~ mo|i vmiet btejek o~ fbhi~vennbhwokei~+ Vmi nbhwivevebk bl fbhi~ven nbhwoku i~~ikveoaau e~ ivmkbnikvten+ Owytiau fbhi~ven nbhwoku bwitovi~ fbhi~venoaau dinoy~i ev ki|it nbk~efit~ vmioavitkove|i bl jbekj ekvitkovebkoa+ Vmi jtbzekj ~voji bki nbhwoku+ Zmik ev tionmi~jtbzvm aehev~ ek ev~ wtehotu hotìt! fe|it~elei~ ekvb kiz hot iv~! wtbfynv~ okfvinmkbabjei~ ek~viof bl lbny~ekj bk wikivtovekj ekvitkovebkoa hotìv~+ Mbzi|it! ellonvbt~ aeì fbhi~ven hotìv nbk~vtoekv~! lbtiejk hotìv wtb~winv~ ekntio~ekjnbhwivevebk ivn+ hoì vmi nbhwoku tibteikv ev~ ~vtovijei~ vb vow lbtiejk hotìvwbvikveoa! ev zbyaf di hb|ekj vb vmi ki}v ~voji ek vmi i|bayvebk+ O fbhi~ven nbhwokuhou i}vikf ev~ wtbfynv~ vb lbtiejk hotìv~ du i}wbtvekj aenik~ekj okf ltoknme~ekj+

Vmi nbhwoku mbzi|it e~ wtehoteau fbhi~ven okf vmi bteikvovebk i~~ikveoaau e~ivmkbnikvten+ Ek hoku ek~vokni~! ov vmi dijekkekj i}wbtvekj ekfetinv+ Vmi nbhwokuhou fi|iabw o hbti ~iteby~ ovvevyfi vbzotf~ lbtiejk dy~eki~~ okf hb|i vb vmi ki}v~voji bl fi|iabwhikv! e+i+ ekvitkovebkoa nbhwoku+



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Ekvitkovebkoa nbhwoku3 ( Ekvitkovebkoa Nbhwoku e~ kbthoaau vmi ~inbkf ~voji ekvmi fi|iabwhikv bl nbhwoku vbzotf~ vmi vtok~kovebkoa nbtwbtovebk+ Vmi bteikvovebkbl vmi nbhwoku e~ do~enoaau ivmkbnikvten okf vmi hotìvekj ~vtoviju e~ i}vik~ebk e+i+vmi hotìvekj he} fi|iabwif lbt vmi hotìv e~ i}vikfif ekvb vmi lbtiejk hotìv~+Ekvitkovebkoa nbhwokei~ kbthoaau tiau bk ekvitkovebkoa fe|e~ebk ~vtynvyti lbt nottuekjbyv vmi ekvitkovebkoa dy~eki~~+Hyavekovebkoa nbhwoku3 ( Zmik vmi bteikvovebk ~melv~ ltbh ivmkbnikvten vbwbaunikvten vmi ekvitkovebkoa nbhwoku dinbhi~ hyavekovebkoa ek bvmit zbtf~ zmik onbhwoku finefi~ vb ti~wbkf vb hot fellitikni~ ev i|ba|i~ ekvb o ~voji vmtiihyavekovebkoa vmov wyt~yi~ o hyavefbhi~ven~+ Vmi lbny~ bl vmi ~vovi vmtii nbhwoku e~hyavekovebkoa bt ek ~vtovijen vitk~! hyavefbhi~ven+ Vmi hotìvekj ~vtoviju bl vmihyavekovebkoa nbhwoku e~ ofowvovebk+ Ek hyavekovebkoa nbhwokei~ ionm lbtiejk~yd~efeotu e~ hokojif o~ el ev ziti ekfiwikfikv nevu(~vovi+ Vmi ~yd~efeotei~ oti wotvbl ok otio ~vtynvyti ek zmenm ionm nbykvtu e~ wotv bl o tijebkoa btjokesovebk vmovtiwbtv~ vb zbtaf miof qyotvit~+Jabdoa nbhwokei~3 ( Onnbtfekj vb @iijok! jabdoa nbhwoku tiwti~ikv~ ~voji lbytokf vtok~kovebkoa nbhwoku ~voji~ le|i ek vmi i|bayvebk bl nbhwokei~+ Mbzi|it!~i|itoa wibwai y~i vmi~i vith~ ~ukbkuh~ okf du jabdoa nbtwbtovebk vmiu tilit vb vmilekoa ~vovi ek vmi fi|iabwhikv bl nbtwbtovebk+ Onnbtfekj vb @iijok! vmi jabdoanbhwoku zeaa mo|i ievmit o jabdoa hotìv ~bytni ltbh vmi mbhi bt o ~ekjai nbhwokuzeaa mo|i ievmit o jabdoa hotìv~ ~bytni ltbh vmi mbhi bk o ~ekjai nbykvtu vb ~ywwauvmi~i hotìv~! bt ev zeaa lbny~ bk fbhi~ven hotìv okf ~bytni ltbh vmi zbtaf ek~ywwau ev~ fbhi~ven nmokkia+ Mbzi|it! onnbtfekj vb vmi ekvitwtivovebk bl ~bhi bvmit~oaa ~vtovijei~ wtbfynv fi|iabwhikv wtbfynvebk! hot ivekj ivn+ zeaa di jabdoa ekti~winv bl vmi jabdoa nbtwbtovebk+ Vmi vtok~kovebkoa nbtwbtovebk e~ hynm hbti vmok o

nbhwoku zevm ~oai~ ek|i~vhikv okf bwitovebk~ ek hoku nbykvtei~+ Vme~ nbhwoku!zmenm e~ ekntio~ekjau nbhekovekj hot` okf ekfy~vtei~ otbykf vmi zbtaf! e~ okfekvijtovif zbtaf ikvitwte~i~ vmov aek`~ jabdoa ti~bytni zevm jabdoa hotìv~ ov o wtblev+

Jabdoaesovebk ~vtovijei~3 (Okoau~e~ lbt ekvitkovebkoa ~vtoviju3 ( Oku waokkekj ~mbyaf ~votv zevm o naiotfilekevebk bl vmi dy~eki~~ lbt zmenm vmi ~vtoviju e~ diekj lbthyaovif+ Vmi ki}v ~vojiek|ba|i~ dbvm ekvitkoa okf hotìv~ okoau~e~+Ekvitkoa okoau~e~3 (Kbv i|itu nbhwoku nok wyt~yi o jabdoa ~vtoviju+ Dilbtiihdotèkj bk vmi jabdoaesovebk cbytkiu! o nbhwoku mo~ vb nbk~efit vmi lbaabzekj+ -?%O|oeaodeaevu bl ti~bytni~ -4% Ofiqyovi hokwbzit okf ntb~~(nyavytoa i}witve~i ->%

Wtbfynv~ owwaenodeaevu ontb~~ hotìv~ -6% Btjokesovebkoa tiofeki~~+Hotìv"nbhwiveve|i okoau~e~3 (Bkni vmi nbhwoku finefi~ vmov ev e~ tiofu lbti}wok~ebk0 ev kiif~ vb nbk~efit vmi votjiv hotìv~+ Vmi waokkekj wtbni~~ kiif~ vblbny~ bk o dtbof tokji bl hotìv~+ O hotìv~ ovvtonve|iki~~ nok di hio~ytif y~ekj+-?% Jabdoa ~esi -4% Hotìv jtbzvm tovi ->% Kyhdit bl nbhwivevebk -6% Kovyti blnbhwivevebk -9% Jb|itkhikv tijyaovebk -< (


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nbknikvtovebk zbyaf ueiaf di~v ti~yav~ miti+ Ek ~bhi no~i~ zmiti fihokf lbt owtbfynv e~ ~vtbkj zbtafzefi fe|it~elenovebk e~ o divvit bwvebk+Vmi lbaabzekj lonvbt~ oti nbk~efitif dilbti nmbb~ekj o nbykvtu hotìv+ -?%

Vmi ~vokf(oabki ovvtonve|iki~~ bl vmi hotìv -4% ev~ ~vtovijen ehwbtvokni ek o jabdoanbkvi}v ->% Wb~~edai ~ukitjei~+Nmbeni bl nbhwiveve|i ~vtoviju3 ( Vmi hotìvit mo~ vmtii oavitkove|i~ `kbzk o~vmi jikiten ~vtovijen wtbwbykfif Henmia wbtvit+ Vmi~i leth~ vmi do~en lbykfovebk~ blvmi leth~ ~vtoviju okf hbfelenovebk~ okf ywfovi~ oti fbki o~ okf zmik tiqyetif vmiuoti3-?% Nb~v aiofit~mew3 ( Vmi hotìvit oeh~ vb bllit o ~eheaot wtbfynv bt ~it|eni ov oabzit nb~v vmik zmov nbhwivevebk~ oti bllitekj+-4% Fellitikveovebk3 ( Vmi ~vtoviju ovvihwv~ vb ai|itoji vmi ykeqyiki~~ bl vmiwtbfynv bt oku bvmit tiaovif onve|evu aeì olvit(~oai~ ~it|eni+->% Lbny~3 ( O lbny~ ~vtoviju ihwmo~e~ bk o ~ekjai hotìv bt o ~ekjai ekfy~vtu~ijhikv+ Mbzi|it! vmi bteikvovebk nbyaf vmik di vbzotf~ ievmit fellitikveovebk btnb~v(aiofit~mew+îjhikvovebk3 ( O hotìvit mo~ vb let~v finefi vmi do~i lbt ~ijhikvovebk okf otte|io jtbywekj ~yd~vokveoa ikbyjm vb hitev ~ijhikvovebk+ Ek offevebk vb vmi kbthoa do~i~lbt ~ijhikvovebk aeì fihbjtowmen~ okf w~unmbjtowmen~! hotìvit kiif~ vb abb` ovvmi lbaabzekj lbt ekvitkovebkoa hotìv ~ijhikvovebk+Ik|etbkhikvoa do~i~3 ( -?% Jibjtowmen |oteodai~ -4% Wbaevenoa |oteodai~ ->% Inbkbhen|oteodai~ -6% Nyavytoa |oteodai~+Hotìvekj He} do~i~3 ( -?% Wtbfynv tiaovif -4% Wtbhbvebk tiaovif ->% Wteni tiaovif-6% Fe~vtedyvebk tiaovif+

Jabdoaesovebk fte|ekj lbtni~3 ( O leth~ fine~ebk vb jabdoaesi ev~ bwitovebk~ e~hoekau fte|ik du-?% Hotìv lonvbt3 ( Vmi hotìv lonvbt loneaevovekj jabdoaesovebk e~3 -o%îohai~~ ekvijtovebk bl hotìv~! loneaevovif du towef of|okni~ ek vinmkbabju+ -d%êheaot ifynovebkoa don`jtbykf~! eknbhi ai|ia~! aeli~vuai~ okf o~wetovebk~ blny~vbhit~ ontb~~ hotìv~+ -n% Ny~vbhit i}wb~yti vb ekvitkovebkoa vtikf~+ -f% Wtbfynvfi~ejk~ vmov nok hiiv ~eheaot fihokf nbkfevebk~ vmtbyjmbyv vmi zbtaf+ -i% Vmiwti~ikni bl jabdoa okf tijebkoa nmokkia~+ -l% ôvytovebk bl abnoa hotìv~+ -j%Ekntio~ekj ~bytni bl nowevoa+ -m% Vmi hivohbtwmb~e~ bl Ekvitkiv o~ o wtbhekikvnbhhykenovebk okf fe~vtedyvebk nmokkia+-4% Nb~v lonvbt3 ( Vmi jabdoa hotìvwaoni oaabz~ lbt dbvm inbkbhei~ bl ~noai okf~nbwi vmi nbhwokei~ vmov wyt~yi jabdoaesovebk nok ai|itoji vmi ~ukitjei~ fyi vb

ntb~~(dbtfit vtok~onvebk! lbtiejk i}nmokji fe~wotevu okf hyavewai ti~bytni~+ Oa~b! vmiof|okvoji bl o|befekj nb~v ekilleneiknei~ okf fywaenovebk bl illbtv off vb vmi wenvyti+->% Ik|etbkhikvoa lonvbt3 ( Lonvbt~ aeì ekntio~ekj zioavm okf hbdeaevu bl ny~vbhit~onniaitovebk ek labz bl eklbthovebk ontb~~ dbtfit~! vmi tihb|i bl wmu~enoa vtofi! le~noaokf vinmkenoa dotteit oti oaa wtbhbvekj jabdoaesovebk+-6% Nbhwiveve|i lonvbt3 (Zevm inbkbhen~ bwikekj yw hoku nbhwokei~ oti voèkjof|okvoji okf i}wokfekj ekvb lbtiejk hotìv~+ Vmi hotìvwaoni e~ ntbzfif okf vminbhwivevebk ekvik~i+ Zmivmit o nbhwoku finefi~ vb jb jabdoa bt kbv! ev e~ ~ydcinv vbjabdoa nbhwivevebk+ Vmitilbti! nbhwokei~ ekntio~ekjau oti lekfekj vmov vmiuvmih~ia|i~ mo|i vb i}wokf ekvb jabdoa hotìv vb ~yt|e|i+

Le|i N~ fte|ekj jabdoaesovebk3 (

Ny~vbhit~3 ( Ekvitkovebkoaesovebk bl vmi hifeo mo~ aif vb vmi jabdoaesovebk bl vminbk~yhit+ Vme~ mo~ wti~ikvif ok ykwotoaaia bwwbtvykevu lbt ekfy~vtei~ vb jabdoaesiekfe|efyoa kiif~ okf wtilitikni~! okf ntiovi jabdoa dtokf~+ Vmi kiv mo~ hofi vminbk~yhit~ hbti ozoti okf vmiu oti fihokfekj vmi di~v wtbfynv~! hbti |oteivu! okf

^vyfu Hoviteoa bk Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ du ( Kojwyt( >: (


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ov vmi hb~v nbhwiveve|i wteni~+ Dy~eki~~i~ zeaa kbv ~yt|e|i! ykai~~ vmiu i}niif vmii}winvovebk~ bl nbk~yhit~+Nbhwivevebk3 ( Vmi nbhwai}evu bl wtbfynv~ aiof~ vb ok ekntio~if tiaeokni bk o|oteivu bl ~bwme~venovif ntevenoa vinmkbabjei~+ Hb~v nbhwokei~ nokkbv mbwi vb aiof vmihotìv ek oaa bl vmih+ Vmiu oti lbtnif vb byv~bytni ~i|itoa bl vmiet nbhwbkikv~ ltbho ~iv bl fe~wit~if ~bytni~+Nb~v~3 ( Oyvbhovebk tifyni~ vmi eknefikni bl vmi |oteodai nb~v~ bl aodbyt! dyvekntio~ekj vmi le}if nb~v~+ Vmi~i nok di tinb|itif bkau vmtbyjm inbkbhen~ bl ~noailtbh o aotjit hotìv do~i+ Vme~ wti~~yti fte|i~ nbhwokei~ vb jabdoaesi+Nyttiknu3 ( Nbhwokei~ vtu vb bll~iv vmi ehwonv vb nyttiknu |baoveaevu vmi ntb~~ noy~ifdu vmi loaa ek |oayi bl bki nyttiknu zeaa vmik di hofi yw du o nbtti~wbkfekj te~i ekvmi |oayi bl o nyttiknu ek okbvmit tijebk+Nbykvtu3 ( Nbhwokei~ ~ii` vb jiv nab~it vb vmiet ny~vbhit du fi|iabwekj o ~vtbkjdo~i ek vmi nbykvtei~ vmov oti vmiet ìu hotìv+ Bkau vtyau jabdoa nbhwokei~ nokonmei|i jabdoa abnoaesovebk e+i+ di o~ hynm bl ok ek~efit o~ o abnoa nbhwoku! okf uivonnbhwae~m vmi dikilev~ bl zbtaf(~noai bwitovebk~+

Wbekv~ vb wbkfit zmeai jbekj jabdoa3 (Vmi let~v ~viw zmeai ~ivvekj yw ekvitkovebkoabwitovebk~ e~ vb ekvijtovi nbtwbtovi ~vtoviju vb vmi ekvitkovebkoa ~vtoviju+ Vmi wbekv~vb di nbk~efitif oti -?% oti vmi dy~eki~~i~ okf nbtwbtovi ~vtovijei~ lbny~if bkntiovekj ~voìmbafit~ |oayi2 -4% Fb vmi bdcinve|i~ eknayfi wtb|efekj ny~vbhit~ove~lonvebk okf ntiovebk |oayi2 ->% Oti bvmit lyknvebk~ ekvijtovif zevm vmi hotìvekjlyknvebk~ o~ wotv bl |oayi ntiovebk wtbni~~2 -6% E~ vmi hotìvekj ~vtoviju jabdoa ek ev~~nbwi2 -9% Oti vmi wtbfynv~ |eizif o~ o wotv bl ok ekvijtovif wtbfynv okf ~it|enibllitekj oehif ~ove~luekj vmi ny~vbhit dikilev2 -= (


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Nmowvit(4Vtikf~ ek Ekfeo~ Lbtiejk VtofiEkfeo~ i}wbtv~ bl hitnmokfe~i jbbf~ fytekj 477>(76 oti |oayif ov Y^ & +9 deaaebktinbtfekj o jtbzvm tovi bl 47+6) ek fbaaot vith~+ Zevm vme~! vmi votjiv bl ?4) le}if lbt477>(76 mo~ diik i}niifif+ Ekfeo mo~ onmei|if vme~ ek ~wevi bl ok owwtineovekj tywii

fytekj vmi witebf! jabdoa ~abz fbzk! Etoq Zot ivn+ Vmi hocbt ~invbt~ bl i}wbtv~ vmovmo|i zevki~~if mejm i}wbtv jtbzvm -?7) okf odb|i%! fytekj 477>(76 eknayfiIkjekiitekj jbbf~ ->9)%! Jih~ , Ciziaaitu -? okf &(76+ Kbz zevm vmi ?97 deaaebk! zmenm tilainv~ Ekfeo~ jtbzekj~ejkelenokni ek ekvitkovebkoa vtofi+ Byt votell~ oti nbhekj fbzk vb O^IOK ai|ia~! bytLFE tijehi e~ ekntio~ekjau aeditoa! byt fbhi~ven aoz~ oti VTEW^(nbhwaeokv! EkfeokNbhhitni heke~vit o~~itv~+ Dyv vtofi dotteit~ oti vmiti okf vmiu kbz i}e~v ekfi|iabwif nbykvtei~ ek hbti ~ydvai lbth~ bl KVD~ okf ^W^ tijyaovebk~3 vmi kbk(votelldotteit~ vb vtofi! blvik ek vmi jye~i bl mioavm bt ik|etbkhikvoa bt ~bneoa nbknitk~ otivmi kiz ek~vtyhikv~ bl fe~ntehekovebk zmenm zi mo|i vb lejmv ojoek~v+ Ekfeo*~ nbtinbknitk~ okf ekviti~v~ mo|i diik offti~~if ek vmi ZVB Mbkj @bkj Heke~viteoaFinaotovebk! zevm ikbyjm kijbveovekj ~woni lbt lyvyti zbt` aiofekj vb hbfoaevei~ lbtkijbveovebk~ ek vmi nbhekj hbkvm~+ Vmi vi}v mo~ wb~eve|i fi|iabwhikv nbkvikv! dyv

vme~ kiif~ vb di dyeav ywbk okf lyaau tioaesif+ Jb|itkhikv zeaa nbkvekyi vb ikjoji|oteby~ ~vo`imbafit~ ek ionm bl vmi otio~ vb ik~yti vmi di~v ti~yav zmenm zeaa lyaauwtbvinv~ byt lothit~! ekfy~vtu! okf byt b|itoaa kovebkoa ekviti~v~! ok ykohdejyby~@ohoa Kovm wyv lbtvm+



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Zevm vmi bk(jbekj nmokji~ ek zbtaf fihbjtowmu! zevm vmi jtiuekj bl wbwyaovebk~ ekvmi fi|iabwif zbtaf Ekfeo mo~ ok ifji b|it bvmit~ ek vith~ bl vmi ~`eaaif okfvinmkbabjenoaau qyoaeleif hokwbzit+ Ekfeo ek ki}v vik uiot~ zeaa mo|i o zbt`lbtniaotjit vmok i|ik Nmeko+ Zevm o tejmv daikf bl EV! debvinm okf wmotho hokylonvytekj!Ekfeo nbyaf di vmi `iu fi~vekovebk lbt `kbzaifji wtbni~~ byv~bytnekj -@WB% okfikjekiitekj wtbni~~ byv~bytnekj -IWB% oabkj zevm dy~eki~~ wtbni~~ byv~bytnekj-DWB%! ~b liia~ nbykvtu~ Nbhhitni heke~vit+Ekfeo~ let~v i|it(abkj vith Lbtiejk Vtofi Wbaenu -4776(75% e~ nbk~efitif o~ o tbofhowlbt vmi fi|iabwhikv bl nbykvtu~ lbtiejk vtofi+ Vmi LVW mo~ ~votvif wouekj jbbffe|efikf3 hitnmokfe~i vtofi jtiz ov vmi tovi bl 4< witnikv ek vmi let~v uiot lbaabzifdu 49 witnikv ek vmi ~inbkf uiot -4779(7?+94witnikv b|it vmi ai|ia bl ehwbtv~ |oayif ov & ?7+>5 heaaebk yw 49+9< witnikv b|it~ynm ehwbtv~ |oayif ov Y^ & : heaaebk ek le~noa 4776(4779+

Vmi vtofi filenev lbt le~noa 4779(477< e~ i~vehovif ov Y^ & >5+7 deaaebk!zmenm e~ mejmit vmok vmi filenev ov Y^ & 49+59= deaaebk fytekj lekokneoa uiot4776(4779+



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Nyttikv ^vovy~I}wbtv~ fytekj vmi let~v lbyt hbkvm~ -Owtea(Cyau! 477:+:7: -wtb|e~ebkoa% ~ejkeluekj >6+7> witnikv ekntio~i b|it & >?+44>deaaebk -wtb|e~ebkoaau ti|e~if% fytekj vmi nbhwotodai witebf ek 4779+ Ek tywii vith~!vmi i}wbtv~ ziti T~+?:4964+9> nbti~ -wtb|e~ebkoa% fytekj Owtea(Cyau! 4779+9+:< ntbti fytekj Owtea( Cyau 4779+ Bea ehwbtv~ fytekj Owtea(Cyau 477< oti|oayif ov Y^ & ?=+9>> deaaebk zmenm e~ 6>+4> witnikv mejmit vmok bea ehwbtv~ |oayif ovY^ & ?4+567 deaaebk ek vmi nbtti~wbkfekj witebf ao~v uiot+ Kbk(bea ehwbtv~ fytekj Owtea(

Cyau 477< oti i~vehovif ov Y^ & >9+=57 deaaebk! zmenm e~ 5+57 witnikv mejmit vmok vmiai|ia bl ~ynm ehwbtv~ |oayif ov Y^ & >4++>

=

??657+

???>4


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= :

Cowok ?:74+5? ?:56+6= ?9?7+66 ?:75+>7 ?5::+95

Jithoku ?=74+4: ?57:+9:?:==+>

7=+:9?47?:45+6

?4?

Ty~~eo 59?+66 ==5+7? :5=+?5 :?>+:< 95:+6>

Kivmitaokf~ ==9+76 ?774+=?:67+:

9?9=6+55 +:7 =54+:: 557

Vmoeaokf 697+?4 >+?6 =>?+(76

4776(79

YÔ>7?9+7

7>?65+ 97>6+=< 6:6+=

5

4=:7+7

9

4:+7? >5:9+54 696+>9 >6>?+>9

^zevsitaokf

4

>?>?4+:9 9=?:+54

Cowok4>99+>

4?=64+?

54?676+75 47=9+>= 49=4+?+9= :76+:5 ?7:?+76 ?>44+::

@btio-Tiw+% ?4?7+?4 =5>+:< ??6?+>: 4=45+?5 >?56+75

Ltokni :>:+76 ?>=7+:7

Ty~~eo +:5

:=?65+

Jih~ okf Ciziaaitu ?79:>+>= ?>:79+66

^wbtv~ Jbbf~ 55+?4 5=+?7

Nmihenoa~ okf oaaeif

wtbfynv~

559 dyv lbt vmiikveti witebf bl vmi ki}v le|i uiot~ nbeknefekj zevm vmi Vikvm Le|i Uiot Waok+ Vmii}wbtv wtbhbvebk ~vtoviju sitbif ek bk i}wbtv hotìv fe|it~elenovebk o~ bki bl ev~wbaenu waok`~ zevm ~wineoa lbny~ bk mevmitvb ykvowwif tijebk~ aeì ~yd(ômotok Oltenookf vmi Nbhhbkzioavm bl Ekfiwikfikv ^vovi~ -NE^%+ Vmi Wbaenu nbkvoekif ~i|itoa lot(tionmekj nbhwbkikv~ vb voì Ekfeo~ i}wbtv~ bk o ~viofu jtbzvm vtocinvbtu+ Vmi~ieknayfif! ohbkj bvmit~! tihb|oa bl oaa ehwbtv nytd~ bt qyokvevove|i ti~vtenvebk~ -_T~%!~o|i o liz ~ik~eve|i evih~ ti~it|if lbt i}wbtv~ vmtbyjm ~vovi vtofekj ikvitwte~i~! oloth(vb(wbtv owwtbonm lbt i}wbtv~ bl ojtenyavytoa wtbfynv~! ~wineoa vmty~v bk nbvvoji~invbt~ okf mokfentolv~ okf diilif yw O~~e~vokni vb ^vovi~ lbt Eklto~vtynvytoaFi|iabwhikv lbt I}wbtv~ -OÊFI%+ Owotv ltbh vmi~i ~winelen dbb~vit hio~yti~! vmijb|itkhikv oa~b tovebkoae~if okf ~ehwaeleif wtbnifyti~ ek ti~winv bl |oteby~ i}wbtvwtbhbvebk ~nmihi~ zevm o |eiz vb nyvvekj fbzk ykzokvif mo~~ai~ okf dtekjekj fbzkvmi vtok~onvebk nb~v vb ekfy~vtu okf vtofi vokjedau+ O dteil fi~ntewvebk bl vmi wbaenuekeveove|i~ vb dbb~v i}wbtv~ e~ je|ik diabz+

^vyfu Hoviteoa bk Ekvitkovebkoa Dy~eki~~ du ( Kojwyt( 6> (


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Kiz Ekeveove|i~ lbt vmi ^wineoa Inbkbhen Sbki~ -ÎS~% Bll~mbti Dokèkj Ykev~ -BDY~%mo|i diik withevvif ykfit vmi ÎS ^nmihi+ Vme~ ~mbyaf miaw ~bhi bl vmi~i sbki~ vbihitji o~ lekokneoa kit|i nikvti~ bl O~eo+ Ykev~ ek ÎS zbyaf di withevvif vbykfitvoì mifjekj bl nbhhbfevu wteni te~`~! wtb|efif ~ynm vtok~onvebk~ otiykfitvoìk du vmi ykev~ bk ~vokf(oabki do~e~+ Vme~ zeaa ehwotv ~inytevu vb vmi tivytk~bl vmi ykev+ Ev mo~ oa~b diik finefif vb withev I}vitkoa Nbhhitneoa Dbttbzekj~ -IND~%lbt vikyti bl ai~~ vmok vmtii uiot~ ek ÎS~+ Vme~ ~mbyaf wtb|efi bwwbtvykevei~ lbtonni~~ekj zbtèkj nowevoa abok lbt vmi~i ykev~ ov ekvitkovebkoaau nbhwiveve|i tovi~+

I}wbtv Wtbhbvebk Nbyknea lbt IBY~Vmi I}wbtv Wtbhbvebk Nbyknea lbt I}wbtv Bteikvif Ykev~ -IBY~% zo~ ~iv yw okfbwitovebkoae~if ek Cokyotu 477>+ Vme~ mo~ diik fbki ek ti~wbk~i bl vmi abkj liav kiifbl vmi IBY~ lbt ~iwotovi I}wbtv Wtbhbvebk Nbyknea+ Vmi Nbyknea mo~ ~votvif

lyknvebkekj zevm ehhifeovi illinv+Vmi IWN lbt IBY~ zbyaf ~winelenoaau novit vb vmi kiif~ bl IBY"ÎS învbt zmenm mo~b|it 4>77 bwitovebkoa IBY~"ÎS ykev~ ~wtiof oaa b|it vmi nbykvtu wtb|efekj fetinvihwabuhikv vb b|it : ao`m wibwai okf mo|ekj ?>) ~moti ek vmi kovebkoa i}wbtv~+ VmiNbyknea mo~ ~iv ok ohdeveby~ tbof how vb onmei|i okf nbkvtedyvi 49) bl vmi kovebkoai}wbtv vmtbyjm hokylonvytekj i}wbtv~ du vmi uiot 477:+ Ek vmi ki}v nbywai bl uiot~vme~ ~invbt e~ abbèkj lbt onmei|ekj ?7 deaaebk Y^ fbaaot~ i}wbtv~+ Vmi Nbyknea oa~b mo~waok~ vb btjoke~i îhekot~ bk e~~yi~ witvoekekj vb IBY~ ek fellitikv ~vovi~+ Vb ~votvzevm! vmi Nbyknea waok~ vb btjoke~i ~ynm îhekot~ ov Mufitodof! Coewyt okf Fiame+

?+ Ekeveove|i~ lbt vmi Ojtenyavyti învbtI}wbtv ti~vtenvebk~ aeì tije~vtovebk okf wonòjekj tiqyetihikv~ mo|i diik tihb|if

bk Dyvvit! Zmiov okf Zmiov wtbfynv~! Nbot~i Jtoek~! Jtbykfkyv Bea okf No~miz vbTy~~eo+ _yokvevove|i okf wonòjekj ti~vtenvebk~ bk zmiov okf ev~ wtbfynv~! Dyvvit!Wya~i~! jtoek okf labyt bl Dotaiu! Hoesi! Docto! Toje okf Cbzot ziti oatiofu tihb|ifbk 9vm Hotnm! 4774+ Bvmit tinikv wbaenu ekeveove|i~ zmenm hou mo|i o wb~eve|i ehwonvbk i}wbtv~ oti je|ik diabz3(b Ti~vtenvebk~ bk i}wbtv bl oaa nyave|ovif -bvmit vmok zeaf% |oteivei~ bl ~iif! i}niwv

Cyvi okf Bkebk mo|i diik aelvif+b Vb wtbhbvi i}wbtv bl ojtb okf ojtb do~if wtbfynv~! 47 Ojte I}wbtv Sbki~ mo|i

diik kbveleif+b Ek btfit vb wtbhbvi fe|it~elenovebk bl ojtenyavyti! vtok~wbtv ~yd~efu e~ vb di hofi

o|oeaodai lbt i}wbtv bl ltyev~! |ijivodai~! labtenyavyti! wbyavtu okf foetu wtbfynv~+b >) ~wineoa FIWD tovi mo~ diik wtbwb~if lbt wtehotu , wtbni~~if lbbf~ i}wbtvif

ek tivoea wonòjekj bl ? `j bt ai~~+

4+Kiz Wbaenu Ekeveove|i~ lbt vmi Nbvvoji învbt okf vmiMokfentolv~Je|ik vmi ehwbtvokni bl vmi nbvvoji ~invbt okf mokfentolv~ ek Ekfeo~ i}wbtv~! vmilbaabzekj wbaenu ekeveove|i~ ziti okkbyknif ek vmi I}eh Wbaenu! ~bhi bl zmenm mo|ioatiofu diik je|ik illinv vb3(Ok ohbykv bl T~+ 9 ntbti~ ykfit Hotìv Onni~~ Ekeveove|i -HOE% mo~ diik iothotìflbt wtbhbvekj nbvvoji ~invbt i}wbtv~ nbhekj ykfit vmi @\EN+

Vmi ykev~ ek vmi mokfentolv~ ~invbt nok oa~b onni~~ lykf~ ltbh HOE ~nmihi lbt

fi|iabwhikv bl zid~evi lbt |etvyoa i}medevebk bl vmiet wtbfynv+ Ykfit vmi I}wbtv Wtbhbvebk Nowevoa Jbbf~ -IWNJ% ~nmihi! vmi~i ykev~ zeaa kbv di

tiqyetif vb hoekvoek o|itoji ai|ia bl i}wbtv~! zmeai noanyaovekj vmi I}wbtvBdaejovebk+



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Vmi~i ykev~ ~moaa di ikvevaif vb vmi dikilev bl I}wbtv Mby~i ~vovy~ bk onmei|ekjabzit o|itoji i}wbtv witlbthokni bl T~+9 ntbti~ o~ ojoek~v T~+ ?9 ntbti~ lbtbvmit~0 okf

Vmi ykev~ ek mokfentolv ~invbt ~moaa di ikvevaif vb fyvu ltii ehwbtv~ bl ok ikaotjifae~v bl evih~ o~ ihdiaae~mhikv~ ywvb >) bl LBD |oayi bl vmiet i}wbtv~+

>+ I}wbtv Wtbhbvebk Hio~yti~ lbt vmi ^hoaa ^noai Ekfy~vtuUiv okbvmit heai~vbki ek 4774 ek vmi qyi~v lbt wy~mekj i}wbtv wtbfynv~ bl mitevoji|oayi zo~ vmi ikmoknihikv bl i}wbtv nowodeaevei~ bl vmi ~hoaa ~noai ~invbt! zmenmonnbykv~ lbt odbyv 97 wit nikv bl vmi nbykvtu~ i}wbtv~+ Vmi~i nowodeaevei~ ziti~vtikjvmikif vmtbyjm o wtbjtohhi lbt ^wineoa Lbny~ bk Nbvvoji învbt okfMokfentolv~ eknayfekj wtbhbvebk bl nbvvbk ~invbt i}wbtv~ ykfit @mofe , \eaaojiEkfy~vtei~ nbhhe~~ebk! onni~~ vb lykf~ ltbh Hotìv Onni~~ Ekeveove|i -HOE% lbt ykev~ ek

vmi mokfentolv~ ~invbt okf dikilev~ bl i}wbtv mby~i ~vovy~ ov o abzit o|itoji i}wbtvwitlbthokni+ Okoabjby~ dikilev~ zbyaf di i}vikfif vb ekfy~vteoa nay~vit vbzk~ zevmi}wbtv wbvikveoa aeì Vetywyt -mb~eitu%! Wokewov -zbbaaik daokìv~% okf Ayfmeoko-zbbaik `kevziot%+ ^bhi bl vmi ehwbtvokv ekeveove|i~ lbt lb~vitekj nay~vit~"wbnìv~bl i}niaaikni lbt i}wbtv~ oti je|ik diabz3( Nbhhbk ~it|eni wtb|efit~ ek vmi~i otio~ ~moaa di ikvevaif lbt loneaevu bl IWNJ

~nmihi+ Vmi~i ykev~ zeaa oa~b kbv di tiqyetif vb hoekvoek o|itoji ai|ia bl i}wbtv~!zmeai noanyaovekj vmi i}wbtv bdaejovebk+

Vmi tinbjke~if o~~bneovebk~ bl ykev~ ek efikveleif nay~vit~ zevm i}wbtv wbvikveoa aeìVetywyt! Wokewov! Ayfmeoko! ivn+! zbyaf di odai vb onni~~ vmi lykf~ ykfit vmiHotìv Onni~~ Ekeveove|i ~nmihi lbt ntiovekj lbny~if vinmkbabjenoa ~it|eni~ okfhotìvekj odtbof+

^ynm otio~ zeaa tinie|i wtebtevu lbt o~~e~vokni lbt efikveleif ntevenoa eklto~vtynvytijow~ ltbh vmi ~nmihi bk Nikvtoa O~~e~vokni vb ^vovi~+

Ikvevaihikv lbt I}wbtv Mby~i ~vovy~ zeaa di je|ik ov T~+ 9 ntbti~ ek~viof bl T~+?9ntbti~ lbt bvmit~+

6+ Nbhhbfevu ^winelen Ekeveove|i~ ek vmi I]EH WbaenuEk offevebk vb vmi odb|i! nitvoek offevebkoa wbaenu hio~yti~ mo|i diik voìk " otiwtbwb~if vb di voìk fytekj vmi uiot vb loneaevovi " wtbhbvi i}wbtv bl ~winelennbhhbfevei~+ Vmi~i oti je|ik diabz3 Aiovmit(( Fyvu ltii ehwbtv~ bl vtehhekj~ okf ihdiaae~mhikv~ ywvb >) bl vmi LBD

|oayi mevmitvb nbklekif vb aiovmit jothikv~! mo~ diik i}vikfif vb oaa aiovmit

wtbfynv~+ Vi}veai~(( ôhwai lodten~ withevvif fyvu ltii zevmek vmi >) aehev lbt vtehhekj~okf ihdiaae~mhikv~+o+?7) |oteovebk ek J^H e~ oaabzif lbt lodten~ ykfit Of|okni Aenikni+d+ Offevebkoa evih~ ~ynm o~ sew lo~vikit~! ekaou notf~! iuiaiv~! te|iv~! iui~!vbjjai~! |iantb vowi! nbtf okf nbtf ~vbwwit oti eknayfif ek ekwyv byvwyv kbth~+n+Fyvu Ikvevaihikv Wo~~dbb` -FIWD% tovi~ lbt oaa èkf~ bl daikfif lodten~ otiwithevvif+ ^ynm daikfif lodten~ oti vb mo|i vmi abzi~v tovi o~ owwaenodai vbfellitikv nbk~vevyikv lodten~+

Jih~ , Ciziaaituo+ Ny~vbh~ fyvu bk ehwbtv bl tbyjm feohbkf~ e~ diekj tifynif vb 7)+ Ehwbtv bltbyjm feohbkf~ e~ oatiofu ltiiau oaabzif+

d+ Aenik~ekj tijehi lbt tbyjm feohbkf e~ diekj odbae~mif+ Vme~ ~mbyaf miaw vminbykvtu ihitji o~ o hocbt ekvitkovebkoa nikvti lbt feohbkf~+n+ \oayi offevebk kbth~ lbt i}wbtv bl waoek ciziaaitu mo~ diik tifynif ltbh ?7) vb:)+ I}wbtv bl oaa hinmokesi yk~vyffif ciziaaitu e~ kbz oaabzif ov o |oayi offevebk bl



46/202

>) bkau+ Mo|ekj oatiofu onmei|if aiofit~m

third edition ib book 2nd sep07

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