think grain think feed march issue

Volume 3 | Issue 5

March-2017

RNI No.: HARENG/2014/61357Price: 75/- Postal No. PKL-212/2015-2017

Published by

BENISON Media

SCO 17, 2nd Floor, Mugal Canal Market

Karnal - 132001 (Haryana)

Tel: +91 184 4047817

[email protected]

Publisher & EditorPrachi Arora

[email protected]

Monthly Magazine for Feed Technology

EDITORIAL COMMITTEE

Designing & MarketingAshwani Verma

[email protected]

Circulation & Subscription HeadRahul Bhardwaj

[email protected]

Business HeadVinod Kumar Saini

[email protected]

Dr. Dinesh T. BhosaleFormer Chairman, CLFMA of India

Mr. Amit SachdevIndian Representative, US Grain Council

Dr. P.E. Vijay AnandUS Soybean Export Council

Dr. Suhas Amrutkar Subject Matter Specialist, Animal Nutrition, MAFSU, Parbhani

Dr. SN MohantyFormer Principal Scientist, CIFA

Dr. Meeta Punjabi MehtaAgricultural Economist

Dr. Swamy HaladiFeed Additive Expert

Dr. R Gnana SekarLead Consultant, GS Dairy Farm Consulting

Dr. Suraj Amrutkar Assistant Professor, Dept. of ILFC, SKUAST-J, Jammu

www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in

www.benisonmedia.com

Managing Editor

Dr. T.K. Walli

Former Head,

Dairy Cattle Nutrition, NDRI

EDITORIAL

fter two years of slowdown in production,

India is heading for a near-record wheat Aharvest this summer. The Ministry of

Agriculture's estimate pegged 2017 wheat

production at a record 96.6 million tonnes. Wheat use for feed

consumption and residual is forecast higher at 4.8 million tonnes on

steady demand from the dairy feed sector. Poultry & Aquaculture

industry which uses corn, oil meals, and other coarse grains including

smaller quantities of inferior quality wheat. There is very limited use of

wheat by the organised feed sector, as the dairy industry is highly

unorganised. With the average dairy herd size estimated around 2 to 3

animals per farm, feed use is typically restricted to lactating animals and

includes some oil cakes, household food waste, and other grain mixes.

High yielding crossbred cows and “murrah” breed buffaloes in states like

Punjab and Haryana need proper nutrition and hence the demand for

commercial dairy feed has increased by about 12% - 15% per annum,

supporting higher wheat usage in the dairy feed sector. However, the

feed manufacturers have to be vigilant to see that the spoiled and

inferior quality wheat is not diverted towards the manufacture of cattle

feed, which may be infested with moulds and aflatoxins, and negatively

impact the productivity.

Climate Change and Livestock production:

Livestock occupies centre stage as far as global warming is

concerned. It is partly its cause and it has also to bear the brunt of its

effect. The first part is the emission of green house gases (GHG) through

ruminal and enteric fermentation from bovines and other ruminants,

which is responsible for global warming. By changing the feeding

strategies, we may be able to reduce the emission of methane from

ruminants to the tune of 10- 15, mainly by reducing the quantities of

fibrous feeds and increasing the proportion of concentrate in the diet,

and making the whole feed a balanced ration. The climate change

affects livestock, both directly as well as indirectly. The direct effect

comes straight from heat stress on animals, which causes reduction in

milk production, meat production, reduced reproductive efficiency and

animal health. While the heat stress causes severe damage to physiology

and metabolism of the animals, the indirect effect increases the aridity in

the tropical regions, which will have repercussions on the availability of

water for irrigation and consequently, on the availability of green fodder

for animals, which shall lead to reduced performance of the animals.

Reforestation of the areas can help to some extent in slowing down the

aridity.

2nd edition of Feed Tech Expo along with one day conference

conducted successfully

This is to share with our readers that the 2nd edition of Feed Tech

Expo, a three-day event along with the one day conference on

“Innovations for sustainable feed Industry” was successfully concluded in

the last month. The glimpses of the event along with the

recommendations of the conference have been included in this edition

of the magazine.

TK Walli

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 5 | March 2017

Inclusion of wheat as an ingredient in cattle feed:

Printed by: Jaiswal Printing Press | Published by: On behalf of: BENISON Media | Printed at: Chaura Bazar, Karnal-132001,

Haryana | Published at: SCO-17, 2nd Floor, Mugal Canal Market, Karnal-132001, Haryana | Editor: Prachi Arora

Prachi Arora |

Monthly Magazine for Feed & Feed Technology

Vollume 1 | Issue 10 | August 2015

Think Grain Think Feed is a monthly magazine published by BENISON Media at its office in Karnal. Editorial

policy is independent. Views expressed by authors are not necessarily those held by the editors. The

data/information provided in the magazine is sourced through various sources and the publisher considers its

sources reliable and verifies as much data as possible. However, the publisher accepts no liability for the

material herein and consequently readers using this information do so at their own risk.

Although persons and companies mentioned herein are believed to be reputable, neither BENISON Media, nor

any of its employees or contributors accept any responsibility whatsoever for such persons’ and companies’

activities. All legal matters are subjected to Karnal Jurisdiction.

C o n t e n t s Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 5 | March 2017

Front Cover: Financial Times

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The published material and images are sourced from various websites and newspapers, and used for information purpose only, if you have any issue, please inform us at

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT

05

INTERVIEW

MARKET SURVEY

20

ARTICLE

Mycotoxins, produced by fungal mold,

currently contaminates a quarter of the

world's agriculture produce, making it a

potential growing threat to people and

animals, according to the Food and

Agriculture Organization of the United

Nations (FAO). Mycotoxins ranks the third

most important threat after bacteria and

pesticides, which is why maximum

tolerance levels permitted in food and

feedstuff are becoming crucial for food and

feed producers . Meet ing these

requirements is possible with the right

processes in place. Academic studies within

the European project MycoKey and

practical experience confirm that an

effective means to significantly reduce

mycotoxin levels is via cleaning and optical

sorting processes.

A recent United Nations (UN) report

confirmed the impact of climate change on

food safety and security, it is evident that

extreme environmental conditions such as

drought and rising temperatures have

t r iggered an upsurge in tox ic

crops.Previously more prevalent in tropical

and sub-tropical regions, mycotoxin

contamination is now on the rise in

temperate regions — meaning it will

increasingly become a food safety issue for

R&D

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EVENT CALENDAR - 30

MycoKey to develop solutions for reducing mycotoxins in food and feed chains

Europe even if global temperatures may be limited to an

increase of only 2-degrees Celsius, which UNEP deems

unlikely. Climate change is increasing the prevalence of

aflatoxin, one of the most poisonous mycotoxins.

Mycotoxin levels in grain are a frequent reason to reject raw

material for food and feed processing. Scarcity of raw

materials, on the other hand, requires the industry to look for

new solutions along the value chain.

According to Bühler, knowing that just a few highly

mycotoxin-contaminated kernels may make an entire grain

lot unsafe for further use, it's essential to implement post-

harvest measures that reduce mycotoxin levels to ensure

safe products, while ensuring economical yields and

reducing losses. The experts from the European

Horizon2020 project, MycoKey, which was initiated in mid-

2016 aims. The 6.4-million-euro project has partners from

32 organizations from a total of 14 countries in Europe, Asia

and Africa. MycoKey, has run multiple, large-scale field tests

to collect valuable data on the performance of grain

cleaning solutions.

The case for reducing levels of mycotoxins of any kind is

clear considering the implications on consumer and animal

health as well as to the commercial success of milling

companies. Bühler said it is focused on to achieve

commercially viable yields — regardless of incoming

product quality. For example, in a specific case the company

has helped an Italian corn producer to recover 70% to 80%

of contaminated maize and boost it from biomass to feed

grade quality.

Source: Buhler

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MycoKey: to develop solutions for reducing

mycotoxins in food and feed chains

06

10

Future Trend in

Feed Raw Material Market

Key issues in aquatic

feed plant design

12

INDUSTRY THOUGHT

16 Union Budget 2017

Takeaways for Agriculture Industry

MARKET PROJECTION

14 Higher US grain exports remains

under pressure

Survey Report: Benefits & Challenges in

Phytogenic Feed Additives

EVENT COVERAGE

Feed Tech Expo 2017 (FTE17):

Business platform for Feed Industry22

UPCOMING EVENTS

26-29 April

2017

10-12 April

2017

Present and Future trends for Indian Feed

Industry by Dr. Vijay Anand

ARTICLEw

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In terms of feed raw material

production, agricultural commodities

like maize, soybean, rapeseed, and

groundnut are witnessing an upward

trend, driven not just by their use in

human consumption, but the

application in the feed industry.

INDIA: TOWARDS A GLOBAL FEED

RAW MATERIALS SUPPLIER

Owing to rising disposable income

levels in the emerging economies and

increase in health and environmental

concerns in developed economies,

there is a growing demand for organic

based animal sourced products.

Developed economies, specifically, are

facing a supply side shortage, and this

is precisely where India has a potential

to satisfy the global demand. In the

United States, for instance, the demand

for organic certified animal sourced

products has multiplied manifold in the

past few years, with organic certified

broiler demand growing about 20

times, layer demand about 9 times and

turkey demand about 100 times during

the years 2000 and 2014.

ORGANIC FEED RAW MATERIAL

As per the agricultural experts with

MarketsandMarkets, India, as a supplier,

has huge opportunities in tapping the

organic feed raw material export

market. This insight is based on the fact

that though India currently ranks 15th

in terms of global organic agricultural

land, given the state backing through

the National Programme for Organic

Production which targets bringing half

a million acres of land area under

organic farming in three years with

allocation support of over INR 400

crores, major developments are on the

verge of happening. At the same time,

looking at the in-house potential, the

domestic organic food market itself is

forecasted to cross USD one billion.

In terms of global trade, the country

exported over 165,000 tons of organic

products during the year 2012-13, with

feed grade soybean accounting for

over 40 percent of total volume.

NON-GMO FEED RAW MATERIAL

As far as food and feed is concerned,

India has stayed away from the use of

genetically modified crops and

currently, only cotton production is based on GMO

seeds to obtain fiber. An interesting observation here is

the rising global demand for non-GMO labelled feed,

with poultry sector being the major driver.

With the potential already in place, the requirement is

of a shift in production pattern towards adherence to

global sanitary and phyto-sanitary requirements. Also

required is a mechanism to analyze, grade and label the

feed products produced utilizing the non-GMO food

crops.

PRECISION NUTRITION FEED MATERIAL

REQUIREMENTS

Precision nutrition is based on the identification and

satisfaction of specific requirements of individual

livestock, rather than using the same technique and

material for the entire batch. This practice is aimed at

optimal nutrient composition, improved nutrient

efficiency, cost optimization and real time monitoring

and analysis on the back of technology. Apart from this,

FAO highlights the sustainable aspect of this practice, as

strategic supplementation of nutrients enhances rumen

fermentation digestibility, which stimulates the feed

intake, and ensures sustainable production through the

reduction of methane and nitrogen excretion.

This technique also incorporates the traceability of feed,

in terms of its source and other production dynamics.

Specifically given the growing trend for organic and

non-GMO, India has a lot to gain in terms of being the

required raw materials provider.

COMMERCIAL SEAWEEDS

Given over 7,500 kilometers of country's coastline and

decreasing area under the cultivation of food crops, it is

apparent that we need to tap upon and rely on marine

options in the near future; backed also on its

environment-friendly aspect.

Seaweeds are plant-like organisms attached to rocks or

other hard substrata in the coastal regions and are used

in agriculture for crop quality enhancement, in animal

feed to produce feed additives, as well as in human

consumption.

MarketsandMarkets projects this market to reach

around USD 18 billion by the year 2021, growing at a

rate of over 9%. Similarly, its usage in animal feed is also

expected to reach half a billion dollars by the same year.

FUTURE OF INDIAN AGRICULTURE

Given the current state of agricultural sector in the

country, in terms of land holding dynamics and lack of

mechanization and farm level investment, there is some

expected internal restructuring in the times to come.

Contract farming is already an adopted practice in the

country, with global brands venturing to occupy a share

in processed and non-processed food market, through

a backward supply chain integration towards farms.

With state nod to 100% FDI in multi-brand processed

It is an accepted belief that human

beings began their journey as a hunter-

gatherer, in order to feed and sustain

themselves. As observed by the

American Association for the

Advancement of Science, stone tools

for butchering meat and animal bones

with corresponding cutmarks first

appear in the fossil study of records

going back to 2.5 million years.

With the advent and advancement of

river bank civilizations and settled

agricultural practices, the significance

of animal rearing was further

recognized, wherein evidence suggests

that animal husbandry as an auxiliary

agricultural practice began at least

about 10,000 years ago.

ANIMAL FEED

Napoleon Bonaparte is believed to

once famously said, “An army marches

on its stomach,” referring to the

importance of food provisioning in a

war. However, this comment has a

broader reference for animal

husbandry, as the quality and quantity

of animal-based products are directly

correlated with the quality of feed, which in turn, is

directly dependent on the quality of feed raw materials

so utilized.

INDIA IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL FEED

PRODUCTION

As per Alltech's global feed survey 2016, the global

commercial feed production reached almost a billion

tons, with China (180 million tons), USA the U.S. (174

million tons), Brazil (69 million tons), India (32 million

tons), and Mexico (31 million tons) occupying the top 5

spots.

The analytical observation made here focuses on two

points; the share of India in overall global feed

production and its relative performance among the top

5 providers. Regarding the former, India has a mere

3.2% share of global feed production, and incorporating

the latter, stands around a sixth of 18.1% share of China

and 17.5% share of the USA.

Within India, some key trends are driving the

consumption of animal sourced products, which has an

impact on animal feed market, and in turn, the animal

feed raw material market. As reported in the lower

house of country's parliament in March 2017, India

currently leads the global milk production with 155

million tons of production. Similarly, the production of

eggs and meat has also increased by over 6 and 8

percent respectively in the first half of 2016.

Future Trend in Feed Raw Material MarketSyed H. Rizvi & Lalit Fulara

, Marketsandmarkets

Imag

e s

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he E

con

om

ist

ARTICLE

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inth

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o.in

06

ww

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ia.c

om

07


In terms of feed raw material

production, agricultural commodities

like maize, soybean, rapeseed, and

groundnut are witnessing an upward

trend, driven not just by their use in

human consumption, but the

application in the feed industry.

INDIA: TOWARDS A GLOBAL FEED

RAW MATERIALS SUPPLIER

Owing to rising disposable income

levels in the emerging economies and

increase in health and environmental

concerns in developed economies,

there is a growing demand for organic

based animal sourced products.

Developed economies, specifically, are

facing a supply side shortage, and this

is precisely where India has a potential

to satisfy the global demand. In the

United States, for instance, the demand

for organic certified animal sourced

products has multiplied manifold in the

past few years, with organic certified

broiler demand growing about 20

times, layer demand about 9 times and

turkey demand about 100 times during

the years 2000 and 2014.

ORGANIC FEED RAW MATERIAL

As per the agricultural experts with

MarketsandMarkets, India, as a supplier,

has huge opportunities in tapping the

organic feed raw material export

market. This insight is based on the fact

that though India currently ranks 15th

in terms of global organic agricultural

land, given the state backing through

the National Programme for Organic

Production which targets bringing half

a million acres of land area under

organic farming in three years with

allocation support of over INR 400

crores, major developments are on the

verge of happening. At the same time,

looking at the in-house potential, the

domestic organic food market itself is

forecasted to cross USD one billion.

In terms of global trade, the country

exported over 165,000 tons of organic

products during the year 2012-13, with

feed grade soybean accounting for

over 40 percent of total volume.

NON-GMO FEED RAW MATERIAL

As far as food and feed is concerned,

India has stayed away from the use of

genetically modified crops and

currently, only cotton production is based on GMO

seeds to obtain fiber. An interesting observation here is

the rising global demand for non-GMO labelled feed,

with poultry sector being the major driver.

With the potential already in place, the requirement is

of a shift in production pattern towards adherence to

global sanitary and phyto-sanitary requirements. Also

required is a mechanism to analyze, grade and label the

feed products produced utilizing the non-GMO food

crops.

PRECISION NUTRITION FEED MATERIAL

REQUIREMENTS

Precision nutrition is based on the identification and

satisfaction of specific requirements of individual

livestock, rather than using the same technique and

material for the entire batch. This practice is aimed at

optimal nutrient composition, improved nutrient

efficiency, cost optimization and real time monitoring

and analysis on the back of technology. Apart from this,

FAO highlights the sustainable aspect of this practice, as

strategic supplementation of nutrients enhances rumen

fermentation digestibility, which stimulates the feed

intake, and ensures sustainable production through the

reduction of methane and nitrogen excretion.

This technique also incorporates the traceability of feed,

in terms of its source and other production dynamics.

Specifically given the growing trend for organic and

non-GMO, India has a lot to gain in terms of being the

required raw materials provider.

COMMERCIAL SEAWEEDS

Given over 7,500 kilometers of country's coastline and

decreasing area under the cultivation of food crops, it is

apparent that we need to tap upon and rely on marine

options in the near future; backed also on its

environment-friendly aspect.

Seaweeds are plant-like organisms attached to rocks or

other hard substrata in the coastal regions and are used

in agriculture for crop quality enhancement, in animal

feed to produce feed additives, as well as in human

consumption.

MarketsandMarkets projects this market to reach

around USD 18 billion by the year 2021, growing at a

rate of over 9%. Similarly, its usage in animal feed is also

expected to reach half a billion dollars by the same year.

FUTURE OF INDIAN AGRICULTURE

Given the current state of agricultural sector in the

country, in terms of land holding dynamics and lack of

mechanization and farm level investment, there is some

expected internal restructuring in the times to come.

Contract farming is already an adopted practice in the

country, with global brands venturing to occupy a share

in processed and non-processed food market, through

a backward supply chain integration towards farms.

With state nod to 100% FDI in multi-brand processed

It is an accepted belief that human

beings began their journey as a hunter-

gatherer, in order to feed and sustain

themselves. As observed by the

American Association for the

Advancement of Science, stone tools

for butchering meat and animal bones

with corresponding cutmarks first

appear in the fossil study of records

going back to 2.5 million years.

With the advent and advancement of

river bank civilizations and settled

agricultural practices, the significance

of animal rearing was further

recognized, wherein evidence suggests

that animal husbandry as an auxiliary

agricultural practice began at least

about 10,000 years ago.

ANIMAL FEED

Napoleon Bonaparte is believed to

once famously said, “An army marches

on its stomach,” referring to the

importance of food provisioning in a

war. However, this comment has a

broader reference for animal

husbandry, as the quality and quantity

of animal-based products are directly

correlated with the quality of feed, which in turn, is

directly dependent on the quality of feed raw materials

so utilized.

INDIA IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL FEED

PRODUCTION

As per Alltech's global feed survey 2016, the global

commercial feed production reached almost a billion

tons, with China (180 million tons), USA the U.S. (174

million tons), Brazil (69 million tons), India (32 million

tons), and Mexico (31 million tons) occupying the top 5

spots.

The analytical observation made here focuses on two

points; the share of India in overall global feed

production and its relative performance among the top

5 providers. Regarding the former, India has a mere

3.2% share of global feed production, and incorporating

the latter, stands around a sixth of 18.1% share of China

and 17.5% share of the USA.

Within India, some key trends are driving the

consumption of animal sourced products, which has an

impact on animal feed market, and in turn, the animal

feed raw material market. As reported in the lower

house of country's parliament in March 2017, India

currently leads the global milk production with 155

million tons of production. Similarly, the production of

eggs and meat has also increased by over 6 and 8

percent respectively in the first half of 2016.

Future Trend in Feed Raw Material MarketSyed H. Rizvi & Lalit Fulara

, Marketsandmarkets

Imag

e s

ou

rce: T

he E

con

om

ist

ARTICLEw

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o.in

08


food retailing, this practice is going to

be a major trend in medium to long

term. However, a challenge that

remains is the marginal nature of

landholding structure, which prevents

the buyers from entering into multiple

purchase agreements, owing to its

adverse cost aspect.

As per MarketsandMarkets agricultural

research head, Indian agriculture is on

the verge of a phenomenal shift, as the

future demand dynamics will promote

cooperative model in crop production,

like that witnessed in milk production,

and will enable the integration of

farmers on production level to promote

better produce and adherence to the

global phyto-sanitary requirements.

Apart from this, given the liberal nature

of policies in the past few years, a

consolidation is on the cards within the

industry, with major players leaning

backwards towards the farm level

production. This entails bringing a large

number of scattered land pieces into a

consolidated one, for the purpose of

planning and production, and will

enable the increased mechanization

and rise in farm level investment.

These trends, going hand in hand, will give a customer

orientation to the industry, and the focus will be on

providing customized solutions, rather than as-is

production, which is the trend currently. Apart from this,

the already evolving regulatory framework will witness

changes towards further liberalization of this sector, to

the benefit of both the consumer and producer's

surplus.

THE BEST WAY TO PREDICT THE FUTURE, IS TO

CREATE IT: ABRAHAM LINCOLN

India, today, is a verge on becoming a force to reckon

with, in terms of its supply side potential for the animal

feed industry. Given the potential in satisfying the

demand for organic feed, non-GMO based feed,

commercial seaweeds and also precision nutrition feed

requirements, the country has a lot to gain out of global

demand-supply mismatches.

To conclude, this potential in satisfying the global feed

raw material demand will require an overhaul of the

supply side of feed raw materials in the country.

Cooperative models, industry integration, liberalization

of investment, and dilution and even removal of archaic

colonial era laws to create a countrywide market for

agricultural products is not just the need of the hour,

but the inherent pattern that will be witnessed in the

times to come.

ARTICLE

ww

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o.in

08


food retailing, this practice is going to

be a major trend in medium to long

term. However, a challenge that

remains is the marginal nature of

landholding structure, which prevents

the buyers from entering into multiple

purchase agreements, owing to its

adverse cost aspect.

As per MarketsandMarkets agricultural

research head, Indian agriculture is on

the verge of a phenomenal shift, as the

future demand dynamics will promote

cooperative model in crop production,

like that witnessed in milk production,

and will enable the integration of

farmers on production level to promote

better produce and adherence to the

global phyto-sanitary requirements.

Apart from this, given the liberal nature

of policies in the past few years, a

consolidation is on the cards within the

industry, with major players leaning

backwards towards the farm level

production. This entails bringing a large

number of scattered land pieces into a

consolidated one, for the purpose of

planning and production, and will

enable the increased mechanization

and rise in farm level investment.

These trends, going hand in hand, will give a customer

orientation to the industry, and the focus will be on

providing customized solutions, rather than as-is

production, which is the trend currently. Apart from this,

the already evolving regulatory framework will witness

changes towards further liberalization of this sector, to

the benefit of both the consumer and producer's

surplus.

THE BEST WAY TO PREDICT THE FUTURE, IS TO

CREATE IT: ABRAHAM LINCOLN

India, today, is a verge on becoming a force to reckon

with, in terms of its supply side potential for the animal

feed industry. Given the potential in satisfying the

demand for organic feed, non-GMO based feed,

commercial seaweeds and also precision nutrition feed

requirements, the country has a lot to gain out of global

demand-supply mismatches.

To conclude, this potential in satisfying the global feed

raw material demand will require an overhaul of the

supply side of feed raw materials in the country.

Cooperative models, industry integration, liberalization

of investment, and dilution and even removal of archaic

colonial era laws to create a countrywide market for

agricultural products is not just the need of the hour,

but the inherent pattern that will be witnessed in the

times to come.

ARTICLE

Key issues in aquatic feed plant design


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The aquaculture industry continues to

grow-and with good reason. This trend

pulls with it increased demand for high

quality feed and feed manufacturing

technology. It also calls for more feed

plant design flexibility in terms of raw

material choice.

Understanding customer and market

requirements lays the foundation for a

successful plant design. It is therefore

vital to define accurately the scope of the

project before proceeding to process

flow design, specification of equipment

and the general layout of a feed plant.

Few important key issues to be

considered during the development and

design of an aquatic feed plant are as

follows:

Shaping the feed remains the

heartbeat of the process

Whether a pellet press or extruder is

used, the choice of technology is vital. A

general mistake in the case of extrusion is

failing to :

» Recognize the difference between

various extrusion technologies.

Extruders in the case of animal feeds

are designed to be used in a very

wide range of applications based on the formulations

(and ingredients) to be extruded

» The expected nutritional outcome (digestibility, feed

conversion ratio, specific growth rates, etc)

» The expected physical outcome (shape, size,

buoyancy, water stability, structure, texture, etc)

Aquatic feeds in general call for single screw extruders of

(single screw) medium shear design. In some applications

(hatchery feeds for example) twin screw extruders might

be the right choice.

The extruder choice and its capabilities to a large extend

determines the up-stream and down-stream plant design.

All design aspects up-stream and downstream from the

extruder or pellet press should enjoy careful

consideration. Some important issues as follows :

Up-Stream issues

1. Raw material storage - developments such as square

silos provide flexibility in terms of batching plant and

loadout design. Apart from a smaller footprint and

better hygiene compared to traditional round silos, it

also encourages aesthetics of the superstructure or

feed mill building itself (figure 3).

2. Size reduction - In general, specification for aquatic

feed ingredient grist size ranges from an average

diameter of 250 micron to 400 micron depending on

the species. A sieve analysis should confirm that 90%

to 95% of the raw ingredients falls within this range.

Until recently this was achieved through a coarse

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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 5 | March 2017Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 5 | March 2017

gr ind ing and f ine gr inding

hammermill or pulveriser (double

grinding). However, the latest

developments in hammermill design

allows for grinding ingredients to

within this specification at grinding

temperatures low enough to prevent

any ingredient damage.

Down-Stream issues Special care is taken

down-stream of the extruder as we now

work with final product. Important issues

down-stream worth mentioning are:

Liquid Application - The ability of an aquatic feed pellet

to absorb fat or another liquid during coating is mainly a

function of the structure of the pellet (the volume of voids

inside the pellet) and the surface area of the pellet. Adding

enough fat to a sinking or slow sinking pellet for species

or culture conditions where high energy levels are

required, could be challenging. A vacuum coater

overcomes this challenge and helps to “layer” liquids from

the core of the pellet outwards as needed. This way, liquid

with highest palatability can be positioned towards the

outer perimeter and surface of the pellet where it can act

as an attractant.

Conveying and Transitional Equipment - choice of

conveying equipment between down-stream operations

should consider physical effect or damage to product and

minimise chances of cross-contamination between runs

of different formulations and products.

General Issues

In addition the following are always key to good plant

design and how it complies with design codes,

environmental and other regulations :

» Online control of processing conditions such as

moisture and water activity

» Cross-contamination and its effect on producing safe

feed

» Dust Control

» Odor Control

» Noise Control

» The social or visual Impact of the feed mill in the zone

where it is planned. Figure 3 proves that functional

engineering can be artwork as well

» Control over the effect of output on the environment

Operating Variable Low Shear Medium Shear High Shear

Feed Moisture (%) 25 - 30 20 - 35 12 - 25

Maximum Product Temperature (°C) 50 - 80 125 - 175 150 - 200

L/D 5 - 8 10 - 20 4 - 12

D/H 3 - 4,5 5 - 10 7 - 12

Compression Ratio 1 : 1 2 - 3 : 1 3 - 5 : 1

Screw Speed (rpm) 60 - 200 200 - 450 450 - 650

Mechanical Energy Input (kWh/kg) 0,03 - 0,04 0.02 - 0,04 0,10 - 0,14

Heat Transfer through Barrel Jackets (kWh/kg) -0,01 0,0- 0,03 -0,03 - 0,0

Steam Injection into Barrel (kWh/kg) 0,00 0,0 - 0,04 0,0

Net Energy Input to Product (kWh/kg) 0,02 - 0,03 0,02 - 0,11 0,07 - 0,14

Typical Product Types Macaroni RTE Breakfast Gelatinized starch High oil content seeds

Cereal 2nd generation General extruded Dextrinized starch

snacks animal feeds Petfoods Wet by-product

Aquatic feeds Soft moist TVP (Textured

petfoods Soft moist Vegetable Protein)

aquafeed RTE breakfast & TSP (Textured Soy

cerea Protein)

Table 1 illustrates the difference in performance and operating conditions between different extruder types.

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action is required to address “Raw

material” security with reference to soy

meal which is a dependable, consistent

source of protein for the feed and

human food industries. (Note the two

figures for example 8.17/8.33 are for

2015-16 and 2016/17 respectively.

Because India has a better crop in

2016-17 it is important to have current

updated comparisons).

Relying on 10-15 years forward

data/forecast is not a good business

strategy – it's good to keep that data as

a guide and a motivator but it's good to

use a shorter window to assess

opportunities that will allow one to get

into action. The Indian market scenario

is rapidly changing, no matter what

subject one picks on. Opportunities are

on the rise and so is demand for

efficiencies and the desire for cost

savings. Talking on the subject of

“Nutritional security” – this is not new

to us; a whole arena of problems and

opportunities exist. Among the young

in India, it's a popular saying that every

3-4 years there is an evident generation

gap. This in a way indicates speed at

which India is transforming. I think we

would run out of stock of soy meal v/s

growing demand in 3-4 years or cost

effectiveness will trigger users to ask for

soy meal that suit their changing

business models.

Here is an analysis for the past four

years (shorter window). Soy meal

consumption change for the period

2012-13 to 2015-16 is positive by 1180

TMT; soy meal production change is

negative by 4000 TMT i.e. it is positive

by 33% and negative by 46%

respectively. With the current year's

production in a much better state, we

would expect the negativity to cut

down to some extent. Prices are better

at this moment and if this continues till

the next crop, soy meal usage in animal

feeds will increase further, adding to

consumption growth.

Times are changing. A few years back

India had surplus meal on hand but due

to growing demand (as seen from the

data), the surplus is gradually

dwindling. We have seen that the

animal feed industry is consistently

using 300,000 – 400,000 MT as

incremental soy meal volume each year.

The main drivers for this volume comes

from usage by commercial broiler,

commercial broiler breeder, commercial

layer, fish feed and the shrimp feed

industries. USDA has estimated Indian

soy meal consumption at 4.70 million

tons in 2015-16 and forecast that it

would be 5.20 million tons in 2016-17.

Viewing the region as a whole (2012/13

to 2016-17) - demand is growing very

rapidly in the Asian Subcontinent

(South Asia) which is forecasted to be

47.3% higher in India, 192.7% higher in

Pakistan and 99.4% higher in

Bangladesh. Overall demand in the

Asian Subcontinent is forecasted to be

72.6% greater in 2016/17 that in

2012/13, the greatest percentage

demand of any region compared to

other world markets for meal. I think

this is something everyone stakeholder

in the feed industry should be aware of.

In 2015-16 a total of 7.76 million tons

of meal has been consumed in the Asia

Subcontinent (Bangladesh 1.169; India

4.710; Pakistan 1.486; Sri Lanka 0.215;

and Nepal 0.180 million tons). To

produce this volume of soy meal, about

9.4 million tons of soybeans would have

been processed.

Consumers for farmed freshwater fish

exist in North and East India therefore

this is a potential market for

aquaculture products. Fish is also

considered as a global “protein food”.

Water is better supplied from the major

North Indian rivers as an essential input

for Aquaculture. The sector has not

picked up much in North India given

the potential/factors mentioned above.

Probably there is lack of knowledge on

this sector or lack of entrepreneurship.

Putting in efforts to improve this gap

will improve the industry in North

India. Based on what I discussed

about chicken, one of the facts

(protein for convenience) is probably

not being met with fish because of

inter-muscular bones in the flesh of

fish (particularly carps). This is a

deterrent for most of the Indian

consumers. To overcome this

constraint - India has to make reforms

to help entrepreneurs produce new

species, high value fish or fish with no

intramuscular bones. Added to this

What scope do you find in

Aquaculture market in India and its

growth in North India?

processing and presenting fish protein

in a customer friendly manner will knit

together all opportunities for North

India and India in general. Everyone

knows fish protein is healthy and to

make this more acceptable – hygienic

post harvest handling, product

availability and knowledge on fish

products are educational

opportunities that will help improve

this industry. Note that India has a

world hallmark of being the second

largest country in the world (after

China) for farmed fish production as

per FAO.

I agree with Indian exports at the

estimated 1.8 million tons this year.

Indian soy meal is priced favorably

because of a good crop in 2016-17 in .

As per the Solvent Extractors

Association of India - 7,33,527 MT of

soy meal has been shipped to off-

shore destinations. It is estimated that

about 500,000 MT has been exported

to India's neighbors, mainly to

Bangladesh. Considering these trend

lines the forecasted exports can be

achieved.

I would think Soy meal still rules the

protein meal market. This is quite

evident from USDA's assessment that

global soy meal consumption in

2016/17 (225. 071 million tons) which is

estimated at 47.396 MMT greater than

in 2012/13 (177.675 million tons). That

would be an increase of 26.7% which is

amazing. This is because soy meal is

time tested and has performed on

multiple animal species across the

globe. Other raw material will no

doubt take positions and demonstrate

With better production of soybean,

India is expected to export 1.8 MT

of non-GMO soybean meal to

Japan, Western Europe and France.

Your thoughts on India's soybean

export.

There has been lot of research going

on Alternative feed raw materials like

DDGS, Sorghum, canola meal and

many more. What is the predictive

future of these alternative feed

ingredients for usage in poultry and

livestock industry?

Present and Future trends

for Indian Feed Industry

by Dr. P E Vijay Anand,

Deputy Regional Lead,

USSEC Asia subcontinent -

an expert who

knows tricks of the trade

quite well. Below are the

excepts from the

interview:

Dr. P E Vijay Anand

proportional increases in usage. The

key to higher usage will be determined

by unchanged and or improved animal

performances/ efficiencies and

consistent supply and quality of such

ingredients to support the growing

feed industry. Asia Subcontinent's feed

industry has produced 43 million tons

of feed in 2016 as per Alletch's 2016

Global Feed Survey and this is bound to

grow further, calling for raw material

need/security.

We have spoken about increasing

efficiencies and cutting down costs as

two major factors that will definitely

come into play. These go hand-in-hand

when the feed industry makes

improvements. Consolidation is for

improving efficiencies and profitability

at all stages of the value chain. When

we say efficiencies - it pertains to raw

material sourcing, raw material

performances, analytical methods, feed

mill machinery, processes, animal

production, marketing, value addition

and the kind. Any business model

thrives on these basics to try and get

the best on their balance sheets.

Imagine if one could save fines

produced in a feed mill and calculate

power, labor, feed throughput loss, re-

cycling cost etc on a large mill for a

period of one year, it could be pretty

significant. Similarly if one could use

power saving equipment in a feed mill

these savings would show up on

profitability or serve as a resource to

pay other petty bills. If one were to

adopt good logistic mechanisms and

cut down process, this would translate

to savings. If we are able to produce

more feed in fewer mills, this will

increase the amount of feed produced

and cut down costs. If more animal

products could be produced using less

land or water - the industry stands to

benefit from efficiencies. Based on the

few instances quoted, I would think

consolidation is the way forward.

Consolidation of industry is

considered as a huge unknown that

can drastically change the scenario of

worldwide feed industry; please

share your observations for

consolidation of Indian industry?

Please give us some idea about the

soybean and soy meal

consumption in India and also in

the Asian Sub-continent over the

last decade. What changes do you

expect 10 years down the line?

Based on USDA's long term (16/17

years) data on Indian soybean, soy

meal production and Indian soy meal

consumption, the following can be

deduced - Average production of

soybeans for 16/17 years was

8.17/8.33 MMT; low of 4 MMT and a

peak of 12.2 MMT. The peak of 12

MMT which was the highest ever

produced was achieved only once.

Average production of soy meal for

16 years was 5.52 MMT with a low of

2.69 MMT and a high of 7.72 MMT.

Domestic consumption soy meal

grew 3.66/4.00 times in this period

while soybean and soy meal

production grew only 1.65/2.22 and

1.38/2.00 times respectively. If this is

the trend line evident to our

industry/nation, then an urgent

The United States has exported an

astonishing amount of grains in recent

months - one-third more than a year

ago - but the expectations are large so

the progress must continue in order to

meet the full-year goal.

Since the corn and soybean marketing

year began on Sept. 1, shipments of the

two crops plus wheat total 73.8 million

tonnes (2.77 billion bushels) through

January. This is by far the largest

volume on record for that period.

With such heavy domestic supplies

coming off last year, some agriculture

market participants wondered just how

much grain and oilseed products U.S.

ports could support all at once, though

these large volumes seem to prove the

country is equipped to handle more

than what may have been assumed.

WHEAT

US has fulfilled 63 percent of USDA's

annual wheat export target through

January - slightly below the usual level

- so the final four months of the

marketing year must be met with

strong shipments.

There are just over 10 million tonnes

(384 million bushels) of wheat left to

ship by May 31 in order to meet USDA's

2016/17 projection of 1.025 billion

bushels.

SOYBEANS

U.S. soybean exporters processed a

monthly record 7.4 million tonnes (273

million bushels) of the oilseed in

January, totaling 40.7 million tonnes

(1.496 billion bushels) since Sept. 1.

The stage appears to be set for USDA's

2.05 billion-bushel outlook to be

reached by Aug. 31, although

historically the highest export volumes

in the second half of the marketing year

- especially at the end - have arisen

only when competitor South America

struggles with its soybean crop. And

things in the Southern Hemisphere are

pretty favorable at this point.

Still, there is no clear indication thus far

that USDA needs to cut back its

forecast going forward, but there is also

Higher US grain exports remains under pressure

not a solid case for a significant

increase to 2016/17 U.S. soybean

exports - which has been the tendency

in recent years.

CORN AND PRODUCTS

In the first five months of the 2016/17

marketing year, the United States has

shipped the eighth largest volume of

corn on record - some 22.7 million

tonnes (894 million bushels). Through

January, the country has fulfilled 40

percent of its annual target, which is

ahead of the pace of recent years.

But similar to wheat, exported volumes

of corn over the next six months need

to be on the top end of what has been

historically observed in order to reach

the 2.225 billion-bushel forecast that

USDA has on the balance sheet.

A lot can happen between now and

Aug. 31, particularly in South America,

whose corn competes on the world

export market toward the end of the

United States' marketing year.

Brazil and Argentina will be harvesting

their corn between now and August,

and could steal some business from the

United States if the relatively benign

weather pattern continues. Both

countries are currently on track to

harvest the largest corn crops in their

histories.

It is also worth noting that the animal

feed byproduct of ethanol production -

distillers' dried grains (DDGs) -

recorded the largest January export

volume on record in 2017 of 937,628

tonnes. This brings the total since

September to 4.8 million tonnes, just

shy of last year's record 4.9 million.

This is significant because China,

traditionally one of the top buyers of

U.S. DDGS, launched an anti-dumping

investigation last year resulting in large

tariffs on the product, which has

considerably slowed purchases by the

East Asian country.

But other customers have been making

larger-than-normal purchases, which is

why 2016/17 DDGs exports are hanging

with last year. Turkey proved to be the

biggest anomaly in January, with

additional support from several Asian

buyers, including Japan, South Korea

and Indonesia.

Production of ethanol - one of the main

uses for corn in the United States - has

remained at record levels in recent

months so there is certainly no

shortage of DDGs in the country,

particularly with the abundance of

other competitor feeds. But amid the

relatively healthy export efforts, the

supply of the feedgrain is perhaps not

piling up as much as feared.

Source: Times of India

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The United States has exported an

astonishing amount of grains in recent

months - one-third more than a year

ago - but the expectations are large so

the progress must continue in order to

meet the full-year goal.

Since the corn and soybean marketing

year began on Sept. 1, shipments of the

two crops plus wheat total 73.8 million

tonnes (2.77 billion bushels) through

January. This is by far the largest

volume on record for that period.

With such heavy domestic supplies

coming off last year, some agriculture

market participants wondered just how

much grain and oilseed products U.S.

ports could support all at once, though

these large volumes seem to prove the

country is equipped to handle more

than what may have been assumed.

WHEAT

US has fulfilled 63 percent of USDA's

annual wheat export target through

January - slightly below the usual level

- so the final four months of the

marketing year must be met with

strong shipments.

There are just over 10 million tonnes

(384 million bushels) of wheat left to

ship by May 31 in order to meet USDA's

2016/17 projection of 1.025 billion

bushels.

SOYBEANS

U.S. soybean exporters processed a

monthly record 7.4 million tonnes (273

million bushels) of the oilseed in

January, totaling 40.7 million tonnes

(1.496 billion bushels) since Sept. 1.

The stage appears to be set for USDA's

2.05 billion-bushel outlook to be

reached by Aug. 31, although

historically the highest export volumes

in the second half of the marketing year

- especially at the end - have arisen

only when competitor South America

struggles with its soybean crop. And

things in the Southern Hemisphere are

pretty favorable at this point.

Still, there is no clear indication thus far

that USDA needs to cut back its

forecast going forward, but there is also

Higher US grain exports remains under pressure

not a solid case for a significant

increase to 2016/17 U.S. soybean

exports - which has been the tendency

in recent years.

CORN AND PRODUCTS

In the first five months of the 2016/17

marketing year, the United States has

shipped the eighth largest volume of

corn on record - some 22.7 million

tonnes (894 million bushels). Through

January, the country has fulfilled 40

percent of its annual target, which is

ahead of the pace of recent years.

But similar to wheat, exported volumes

of corn over the next six months need

to be on the top end of what has been

historically observed in order to reach

the 2.225 billion-bushel forecast that

USDA has on the balance sheet.

A lot can happen between now and

Aug. 31, particularly in South America,

whose corn competes on the world

export market toward the end of the

United States' marketing year.

Brazil and Argentina will be harvesting

their corn between now and August,

and could steal some business from the

United States if the relatively benign

weather pattern continues. Both

countries are currently on track to

harvest the largest corn crops in their

histories.

It is also worth noting that the animal

feed byproduct of ethanol production -

distillers' dried grains (DDGs) -

recorded the largest January export

volume on record in 2017 of 937,628

tonnes. This brings the total since

September to 4.8 million tonnes, just

shy of last year's record 4.9 million.

This is significant because China,

traditionally one of the top buyers of

U.S. DDGS, launched an anti-dumping

investigation last year resulting in large

tariffs on the product, which has

considerably slowed purchases by the

East Asian country.

But other customers have been making

larger-than-normal purchases, which is

why 2016/17 DDGs exports are hanging

with last year. Turkey proved to be the

biggest anomaly in January, with

additional support from several Asian

buyers, including Japan, South Korea

and Indonesia.

Production of ethanol - one of the main

uses for corn in the United States - has

remained at record levels in recent

months so there is certainly no

shortage of DDGs in the country,

particularly with the abundance of

other competitor feeds. But amid the

relatively healthy export efforts, the

supply of the feedgrain is perhaps not

piling up as much as feared.

Source: Times of India

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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 5 | March 2017INDUSTRY THOUGHT

Expert panel to curb high volatility in

the Agri markets

The Union Budget was announced on

February 1 with three major reforms -

there was an indication for initiation of

fiscal expending, followed by merging

of Rail Budget to the main budget in

addition to the elimination of plan and

non-plan expenditures. The

Government is willing to focus on

subjects associated with farmers, rural

infra and employment, youth jobs and

skills, poor strengthening security,

infrastructure, financial sector, digital

economy, public efficiency governance

reforms, fiscal discipline, tax stability.

Risks related to crude oil price

fluctuations, fed policy and global

announcements were highlighted

during the budget session. The Finance

Minister Mr Arun Jaitley said that the

agenda for 2017-18 is transformed,

energise and clean India, i.e. tech India.

The country has moved from a

discretionary based administration to a

policy and system-based

administration.

As per the budget, Agriculture is expected to grow at

4.1 % this fiscal, even the total area sown under current

Rabi season is higher than last year. There has been an

appreciation in Kharif crops like soybean as soy meal

finds a greater use in poultry feed rations. The rise in

production of crops such as Maize and soybean will be

helpful in keeping poultry feed cost relatively cheaper

than the previous year. This would, in turn, enable

domestic consumption to remain better. Also, soy meal

export share can improve significantly compared to last

year. Because of higher production of soybean, offers of

soy meal have gone down and are currently at par with

the global prices. The rise in production will mean

increment in exportable surplus. It is crucial to note that

as per recent USDA report, India's soybean meal exports

is projected to rise to 1.8 MMT in MY2016/17, taking

into account a larger harvest and growing crush leading

to greater exportable supplies.

The government has raised the target for agri credit at

INR 10 lakh crore in 2017-18. Allocation for the rural

sector for FY18 is INR 1,87,223 Cr, which represents an

increase of 24%. Fasal Bima Yojana coverage to be

increased from 30 to 40 percent in 2017-18 and 50% in

2018-19, and present allocation is raised to INR 13,240

crore next fiscal, from INR 5,500 crore now.

The government has shown interest to support

computerization and integration of Primary Agriculture

UNION BUDGET 2017

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The government had also proposed an expert panel,

which is to be constituted to study and prepare a

framework to integrate spot and derivatives markets for

commodities. The introduction of a draft bill for

integration of Spot and Derivatives markets for

commodities trading is likely to curbing high volatility in

the Agri markets. This will be beneficial for farmers and

traders for hedging purpose. Therefore a stronger

market framework for commodities can provide better

price signals and benefit farmers. The feed industry is

the biggest demand driver for soybean meal and since

soy meal is also traded in future, it will help the feed

industry with lower price volatility risk in near future.

Besides, irrigation corpus increased from INR 20,000

crore to INR 40,000 crore. Focus on irrigation and crop

insurance will contribute in managing the risks

associated with the climate.

The Agricultural credit target for 2017-18 is fixed at INR

10 trillion, an 11% increase from the 2016-17 target of

INR 9 trillion. Budgetary provision for the Mahatma

Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme

(MGNREGS) is at INR 48,000 crore, up from the INR

47,499 crore revised estimate for FY17.

The fertiliser subsidy for 2017-18 is at INR 70,000 crore,

similar to 2016-17. According to ICAR, subsidy for P&K

(phosphorous and potash) fertilisers in the nutrient-

based subsidy scheme has been hiked marginally. All in

all, the government has retained subsidy at the current-

year level, despite a reduction in costs necessitating a

lower subsidy requirement for 2017-18. Where previous

years' subsidy dues stand around INR 32,000 crore, this

move shall bring a significant reduction at least, if not

wiped out completely.


Credit Societies (PACS), which act as the

front end for loan disbursements.

Higher credit target for agriculture and

computerization and integration of

Primary Agriculture Credit Societies will

be important in improving the fund

flow in rural areas. The focus will be on

irrigation and crop insurance to help

mitigate climate vagaries.

It is also conveyed that demonetization

will help in a cleaner, healthier GDP.

Digital economy will be beneficial in

removing corruption and fiscal

discipline. The budget proposes

National Agri markets to be expanded

585 markets from current 250 markets,

which will help farmers in selling their

produce to any mandi across India and

get a reasonable price for their

products. This move shall also enable

transporting goods from excess to

regions deficient in the relevant

produce, eventually leading to price

control and benefit the consumers. The

government soon will be launching two

new schemes that will provide

information on crops, government

schemes, weather and other

information directly to the farmers.

Transportation railways is also

proposed to implement end-to-end

connectivity for some commodities

with the help of logistics firms.

KEY ANNOUNCEMENTS/HIGHLIGHTS

Various measures to increase production/productivity

EXPECTED BENEFIT/BENEFITS

1) Cheaper prices of agricultural crops

2) Cheaper inputs for feed rations hence lower cost for the

feed ration processing

3) Rise in Kharif oilseed production like soybean to boost

exports of feed inputs like soy meal

4) Rise in soy meal exports beneficial for enhancing dollar

reserves for India

Introduction of draft bill for integration of Spot and

Derivatives markets for commodities trading

Help the entire soy value chain including the feed industry to

experience lower price volatility risk (for hedging purpose),

in future

Fertiliser subsidy retained at current-year level

Target for agri credit raised

Fasal Bima Yojna allocation raised to Rs 13,240 crore next

fiscal, from Rs 5,500 crore now

National agri markets to be expanded from the current

250 to 585

Hike in budgetary provision for the Mahatma Gandhi

National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme

(MGNREGS)

Important in improving the fund flow in rural areas

Fasal Bima Yojna should be securing farmers against crop

damage in long run

Farmers may sell their produce to any mandi across India

and get a reasonable price for their products

Create employment opportunities and productive assets for

rural area

Result in significant cost reduction

Major highlights of the budget and its subsequent benefits are summarised in table 1:

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For the first time in years, Zimbabwe is

expected to produce enough grain to

feed itself where harvest time is in April.

This follows good rains in nearly all

parts of the country. After experiencing

consecutive droughts over the years

which was not helped by poor

planning, the country has been

surviving on food imports and

handouts from donors.

Recent statistics released by the

Ministry of Agriculture indicate that at

least 2.2 million tonnes of maize would

be produced at the end of the summer

cropping season from the 1.2 million

hectares of maize planted.

This is assuming there is an

improvement in yields from the

previous year's 0.8 tonnes per hectare

to 1.8 tonnes per hectare. Zimbabwe

requires 2.2 million tonnes of maize

annually for both human and livestock

consumption.

Persistent, and at times, heavy rains

have been received across the country

since the start of the second half of the

Maize output forecasts to triple in Zimbabwe 2016/17 rainfall season in January. This

has resulted in normal to above normal

rainfall for the entire country, a striking

contrast to the drought conditions

experienced during the same period

over the past two seasons.

Although other factors such as the fall

armyworm; the shortage of fertiliser;

water logging and leaching have

militated against the 2016/17 crop in

some parts of the country, agricultural

experts still expect a bumper harvest

across all food crops. Zimbabwe

expects to produce up to 1.8 million

tonnes of the staple maize in 2017 from

512,000 tonnes last year due to good

rains received this season, the Reserve

Bank of Zimbabwe (RBZ) said recently.

RBZ governor John Mangudya said the

favorable rains would boost agricultural

productivity and help stimulate

economic growth given that the

country's economy was agriculture

based.

"The good agricultural season that is

anticipated to produce around

1,500,000 - 1,800,000 tonnes of maize

and other cereals from 1,595,000

hectares requires government to

mobilize funding for the Grain

Marketing Board to purchase grain

from farmers," the governor said in the

2017 first-half monetary policy

statement. He said cotton seed output

was also forecast to rise to 100,000

tonnes from 32,000 tonnes last year.

But Zimbabwe Farmers Union

president, Abdul Nyathi, was more

conservative saying they were

estimating 1.750 million tonnes of

maize to be produced because a

quarter of the maize crop was

destroyed by too much water and was

also affected by the fall armyworm.

The 1.750 million tonnes of maize

translates to 75 percent of the country's

annual requirements.

Historically, there is a correlation

between good rains and good harvests

and Zimbabwe will once again bask in

the glory of a bumper harvest.

Source: Financial Gazette (Harare)

INDUSTRY NEWS

INDUSTRY THOUGHT

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The government had also proposed an expert panel,

which is to be constituted to study and prepare a

framework to integrate spot and derivatives markets for

commodities. The introduction of a draft bill for

integration of Spot and Derivatives markets for

commodities trading is likely to curbing high volatility in

the Agri markets. This will be beneficial for farmers and

traders for hedging purpose. Therefore a stronger

market framework for commodities can provide better

price signals and benefit farmers. The feed industry is

the biggest demand driver for soybean meal and since

soy meal is also traded in future, it will help the feed

industry with lower price volatility risk in near future.

Besides, irrigation corpus increased from INR 20,000

crore to INR 40,000 crore. Focus on irrigation and crop

insurance will contribute in managing the risks

associated with the climate.

The Agricultural credit target for 2017-18 is fixed at INR

10 trillion, an 11% increase from the 2016-17 target of

INR 9 trillion. Budgetary provision for the Mahatma

Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme

(MGNREGS) is at INR 48,000 crore, up from the INR

47,499 crore revised estimate for FY17.

The fertiliser subsidy for 2017-18 is at INR 70,000 crore,

similar to 2016-17. According to ICAR, subsidy for P&K

(phosphorous and potash) fertilisers in the nutrient-

based subsidy scheme has been hiked marginally. All in

all, the government has retained subsidy at the current-

year level, despite a reduction in costs necessitating a

lower subsidy requirement for 2017-18. Where previous

years' subsidy dues stand around INR 32,000 crore, this

move shall bring a significant reduction at least, if not

wiped out completely.


Credit Societies (PACS), which act as the

front end for loan disbursements.

Higher credit target for agriculture and

computerization and integration of

Primary Agriculture Credit Societies will

be important in improving the fund

flow in rural areas. The focus will be on

irrigation and crop insurance to help

mitigate climate vagaries.

It is also conveyed that demonetization

will help in a cleaner, healthier GDP.

Digital economy will be beneficial in

removing corruption and fiscal

discipline. The budget proposes

National Agri markets to be expanded

585 markets from current 250 markets,

which will help farmers in selling their

produce to any mandi across India and

get a reasonable price for their

products. This move shall also enable

transporting goods from excess to

regions deficient in the relevant

produce, eventually leading to price

control and benefit the consumers. The

government soon will be launching two

new schemes that will provide

information on crops, government

schemes, weather and other

information directly to the farmers.

Transportation railways is also

proposed to implement end-to-end

connectivity for some commodities

with the help of logistics firms.

KEY ANNOUNCEMENTS/HIGHLIGHTS

Various measures to increase production/productivity

EXPECTED BENEFIT/BENEFITS

1) Cheaper prices of agricultural crops

2) Cheaper inputs for feed rations hence lower cost for the

feed ration processing

3) Rise in Kharif oilseed production like soybean to boost

exports of feed inputs like soy meal

4) Rise in soy meal exports beneficial for enhancing dollar

reserves for India

Introduction of draft bill for integration of Spot and

Derivatives markets for commodities trading

Help the entire soy value chain including the feed industry to

experience lower price volatility risk (for hedging purpose),

in future

Fertiliser subsidy retained at current-year level

Target for agri credit raised

Fasal Bima Yojna allocation raised to Rs 13,240 crore next

fiscal, from Rs 5,500 crore now

National agri markets to be expanded from the current

250 to 585

Hike in budgetary provision for the Mahatma Gandhi

National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme

(MGNREGS)

Important in improving the fund flow in rural areas

Fasal Bima Yojna should be securing farmers against crop

damage in long run

Farmers may sell their produce to any mandi across India

and get a reasonable price for their products

Create employment opportunities and productive assets for

rural area

Result in significant cost reduction

Major highlights of the budget and its subsequent benefits are summarised in table 1:

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For the first time in years, Zimbabwe is

expected to produce enough grain to

feed itself where harvest time is in April.

This follows good rains in nearly all

parts of the country. After experiencing

consecutive droughts over the years

which was not helped by poor

planning, the country has been

surviving on food imports and

handouts from donors.

Recent statistics released by the

Ministry of Agriculture indicate that at

least 2.2 million tonnes of maize would

be produced at the end of the summer

cropping season from the 1.2 million

hectares of maize planted.

This is assuming there is an

improvement in yields from the

previous year's 0.8 tonnes per hectare

to 1.8 tonnes per hectare. Zimbabwe

requires 2.2 million tonnes of maize

annually for both human and livestock

consumption.

Persistent, and at times, heavy rains

have been received across the country

since the start of the second half of the

Maize output forecasts to triple in Zimbabwe 2016/17 rainfall season in January. This

has resulted in normal to above normal

rainfall for the entire country, a striking

contrast to the drought conditions

experienced during the same period

over the past two seasons.

Although other factors such as the fall

armyworm; the shortage of fertiliser;

water logging and leaching have

militated against the 2016/17 crop in

some parts of the country, agricultural

experts still expect a bumper harvest

across all food crops. Zimbabwe

expects to produce up to 1.8 million

tonnes of the staple maize in 2017 from

512,000 tonnes last year due to good

rains received this season, the Reserve

Bank of Zimbabwe (RBZ) said recently.

RBZ governor John Mangudya said the

favorable rains would boost agricultural

productivity and help stimulate

economic growth given that the

country's economy was agriculture

based.

"The good agricultural season that is

anticipated to produce around

1,500,000 - 1,800,000 tonnes of maize

and other cereals from 1,595,000

hectares requires government to

mobilize funding for the Grain

Marketing Board to purchase grain

from farmers," the governor said in the

2017 first-half monetary policy

statement. He said cotton seed output

was also forecast to rise to 100,000

tonnes from 32,000 tonnes last year.

But Zimbabwe Farmers Union

president, Abdul Nyathi, was more

conservative saying they were

estimating 1.750 million tonnes of

maize to be produced because a

quarter of the maize crop was

destroyed by too much water and was

also affected by the fall armyworm.

The 1.750 million tonnes of maize

translates to 75 percent of the country's

annual requirements.

Historically, there is a correlation

between good rains and good harvests

and Zimbabwe will once again bask in

the glory of a bumper harvest.

Source: Financial Gazette (Harare)

INDUSTRY NEWS

MARKET SURVEY Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 5 | March 2017

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Survey Report: Benefits & Challenges in Phytogenic Feed Additives Perceived benefits

Digestibility enhancement is ranked as

the number one reason that the

livestock industry uses phytogenic feed

additives as per recently concluded

survey of more than one thousand

agribusiness professionals.

The antimicrobial effects of phytogenics

ranked second overall—while they

constituted the top motivation for

respondents in the Western hemisphere.

The use of PFAs within an antibiotic

growth promoter (AGP) replacement

strategy and growth promotion ranked

third and fourth place, respectively.

“Research supports the perceived

benefits that professionals report in the

field,” stated Michael Noonan, Global

Product Manager Phytogenics at

BIOMIN. Plant-based compounds

–specifically essential oils, herbs and

extracts– are known to have a range of

biologically active properties that can be

applied to modern animal production. These include

anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and

digestion enhancing effects.

Feed conversion key

When asked about the relative importance of the benefits

of phytogenic feed additives to their business,

respondents overwhelmingly chose enhanced feed

efficiency, or an improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) as

the most important benefit of PFA application.

“Feed efficiency speaks to the core concern of every

livestock and feed producer in a globally competitive

market,” observed Mr Noonan. “At BIOMIN, improving

feed efficiency has been the main thrust of our research

and product development around phytogenics in recent

years.”

Challenges

The survey also explored reasons why respondents do

not use PFAs. They cited a lack of scientific and

commercial trial results along with uncertainty regarding

which product to choose as the top 3 reasons not to use

phytogenics.

“To deliver innovative science-based solutions, we co- ww

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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 5 | March 2017Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 5 | March 2017

authored 20 scientific papers on

phytogenics in 2016 and conducted over

300 commercial trials on PFAs in recent

years,” explained Mr Noonan.

On-farm improvements

Research and education are key to how

BIOMIN engages with the industry on

phytogenics, as part of its ambition to

become market leader in phytogenics by

2020.

“By collecting customers' views, we gain

a greater understanding of where

agribusiness professionals see value in

the use of PFAs and what challenges they

encounter in real life. It's a way for us to

connect science with better outcomes

for clients,” said Mr Noonan.

“These results afford us the opportunity

to enter into genuine dialogue about the

current state of the art in phytogenic

feed additives, and how they can apply to

specific on-farm scenarios,” he added.

BIOMIN deploys a global team of expert

technical sales managers who support

clients through on-site visits, education

and advice.

According to BIOMIN projections, the

PFA market could surpass US$1 billion by

2023.

The importance of PFA benefits: feed and other respondents.

Source: 2017 BIOMIN Phytogenic Feed Additives Survey

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1. India suffers from feed shortage,

however, the country exports huge

quantities of feed raw material,

especially soybean, while the maize is

imported. The country also imports

certain feed additives, amino acids

and other essentials, it is time we rely

less on imports of these items and

start making in India.

2. Certification of raw materials/finished

products for quality assurance and

regulatory framework is essential.

3. Favourable policies should be framed

to produce newer feed raw material

and also improve the production of

animal feed ingredients.

4. Potentiality of sea weeds/extracts etc.

as animal feed/additives should be

given priority.

5. Since India is number two in fruit and

vegetable production, the use of fruit

and vegetable wastes as animal feed

ingredients accompanied with

simple technology of drying and

silage making, could bridge the gap

between demand and supply of

nutrients for different species of

animals.

Feed Production Technology

1. Standard operating procedures (SOP)

must be followed in feed milling.

2. Balancing of nutrients like energy,

protein, minerals, fibre, Ca :P ratio should be taken care

of in the compound feed.

3. The feed millers have to innovate, adopt new practices

and offer flexibility to meet the demand of mid–sized

farms. Custom mixing, ration balancing, working more

closely with the individual farm will become necessary

for survival.

4. Advancements in newer raw materials may result in

newer feed stock that may require newer feed

formulations.

5. Newer developments in processing technology

should be adopted to increase production efficiency

and environmental sustainability.

6. Equipment advancement and digital age becomes

even further intertwined with information technology,

eventually allowing for a flow of detail throughout the

steps in the food chain where farm, feed mill,

processing plant and consumers are concerned.

7. Ingredients, which are low in carbon footprint should

be given preference for making compound feed.

Feed efficiency and feed safety

1. Antinutritional factors like tannis, phytates, saponons,

protease inhibitors, NSPs etc are intrinsic factors that

have toxic effects on nutrient utilization and feed

efficiency. While mycotixins, pesticide residues, heavy

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EVENT COVERAGE

Feed Tech Expo 2017 (FTE17): Business platform for Feed IndustryFeed professionals from all across the

country participated in 2nd edition of

Feed Tech Expo-only feed event of the

India organized by BENISON Media. The

3-day event was inaugurated by Dr. B.S.

Prakash, ADG (AN & P), ICAR, New Delhi.

The exposition started with one day

conference on the theme, “Innovations for

Sustainable Feed Industry”, at New Grain

Market, Karnal.

"Malnutrition along with nutritional

security and food safety are of prime

concern in India. Over the years, we have

laid greater emphasis on crop based

agricultural production. No doubt, we

have achieved remarkable increase in

food grains production, but the animal

sub sector unfortunately has not been

given proper attention to grow up to its

full potential," said Dr. Prakash said in his

inaugural address.

"It is rather high time that the focus

should now shift to animal agriculture,

and increase its financial outlay as per its

potential," he added.

The theme address of the conference was

presented by Dr. Anup Kalra, CEO,

Ayurvet, who talked about the importance

of innovations for taking animal feed

production to the next level and remain competitive in

producing nutritive food for feeding our huge population.

FTE 17 was organized to bring the latest feed technology

on single platform and share the knowledge about

producing more efficient and complete feed for poultry and

livestock industry. FTE 17 therefore focused on solutions for

the feed industry that are important and relevant to the

development of overall industry.

Dr. T.K. Walli, Chairman of the conference and former

President, Animal Nutrition Society of India, pointed out

that apart from increasing the tonnage of compound feed

manufacture, in order to feed huge population of livestock,

poultry and fish stock in our country, it is time that feed

manufacturers also produce quality and safe feed. The feed

quality standards laid out by BIS, must be truly adhered to,

and agencies involved in quality checks need to become

more pro active to assure that only good quality feed is

marketed in the country. Feed safety will lead us to food

safety.

Focus on Safe feed production in the country:

The first day conference was attended by 127 delegates

consisted of feed millers, integrators, dairy cooperatives,

progressive farmers and other feed professionals. The

presentations by eminent speakers from animal nutrition

research and feed industry during the day- long conference

spread over three technical sessions. Below are the session-

wise recommendations from the conference

Access to raw feed material

metals, bacterial toxins extrinsic

factors, reduce feed availability and

nutrient concentration and cause

toxicity in poultry from liberated

toxins.

2. The importance of safety

regulations to produce safe feed,

should be strictly adhered to, by the

feed millers for sustaining feed

efficiency.

3. Although pathogenic bacteria,

molds and yeasts can affect

nutritional quality of feed raw

material (FRM), all these can be safely reduced by

increasing pelleting temperatures combined with heat

resistant organic acids bound to their salts.

4. Pelleting often results in reducing the moisture content

of the feed, which can be compensated by moisture

optimizing management approaches, such as Moisture

Management System (MMS).

5. Feed raw materials need to be properly screened for

aflotoxins, fungus, fungicides/ pesticides, before

buying in bulk.

6. In view of the consumer resistance to the use of

antibiotics as growth enhancers, industry has to

explore newer approaches towards gut modulation,

including the use of prebiotics, probiotics, short chain

fatty acids, enzymes, aromatic plant extracts and

essential oils (Eos).

During 2nd day of the event, an awareness program was

organized by US Soybean Export Council in association

with Poultry Federation of India. The half day event was

well attended by farmers and industry representatives.

Prachi Arora, BENISON Media said that, "the idea to

organize this event was to build a single point business

platform dedicated to the feed industry, and I feel

honored to announce that 90% of exhibitors were

satisfied with their participation and showed their interest

to join us again in the next edition".

The participation area was increased by almost 80%

which proves the well acceptance of the event by the

industry. The 3-day event was attended by 2734 visitors

who participated from various parts of the India and also

from Nepal, Bangladesh and Africa. We hope to bring

another edition of well planned event to you soon.

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EVENT COVERAGE Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 5 | March 2017

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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 5 | March 2017INDUSTRY NEWS

Tel :+74952871354

By using high-res photos snapped by a

new wave of compact satellites, crop

yield can be estimated from space.

Stanford researchers have developed a

new way to estimate crop yields from

space, using high-resolution photos

snapped by a new wave of compact

satellites. The approach could be used

to estimate agricultural productivity

and test intervention strategies in poor

regions of the world where data are

currently extremely scarce.

“Improving agricultural productivity is

going to be one of the main ways to

reduce hunger and improve livelihoods

in poor parts of the world,” said study-

coauthor Marshall Burke, an assistant

professor of Earth system science at

Stanford's School of Earth, Energy &

Environmental Sciences. “But to

improve agricultural productivity, we

first have to measure it, and

unfortunately this isn't done on most

farms around the world.”

Earth-observing satellites have been around for over 3

decades, but most of the imagery they capture has not

been high-enough resolution to visualise the very small

agricultural fields typical in developing countries.

Recently, however, satellites have shrunk in both size and

cost while simultaneously improving in resolution, and

today there are several companies competing to launch

refrigerator- and shoebox-sized satellites into space that

take high resolution images of Earth.

Accurate predictions

In the new study, researchers set out to test whether the

images from this new wave of satellites are good

enough reliably estimate crop yields. The researchers

focused on an area in Western Kenya where there are a

lot of smallholder farmers that grow maize. The

scientists compared two different methods for

estimating agricultural productivity yields using satellite

imagery. The first approach involved “ground truthing,”

or conducting ground surveys to check the accuracy of

yield estimates calculated using the satellite data.

"We get a lot of great data, but it's incredibly time

consuming and fairly expensive, meaning we can only

survey at most a thousand or so farmers during one

campaign," said Marshall Burke."If you want to scale up

our operation, you don't want to have to recollect

ground survey data everywhere in the world."

For this reason, the team also tested an alternative

"uncalibrated" approach that did not depend on ground

survey data to make predictions. Instead, it uses a

computer model of how crops grow, along with

information on local weather conditions, to help

interpret the satellite imagery and predict yields. The

researchers have plans to scale up their project and test

their approach across more of Africa.

Source: Stanford

Estimating crop yields from space

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INDUSTRY NEWS Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 5 | March 2017

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A non-toxic chemical intervention

induces wheat plants to produce more

starch, shows findings published in

Nature

In a year when India was forced to

import over five million tonnes of

wheat due to a production shortfall at

home, new research by an Indian

scientist offers hope that wheat yields

could be raised significantly by a

chemical intervention in existing

varieties.

A water-soluble white powder—similar

to Trehalose-6-Phosphate (T6P), a

central sugar signal in wheat

plants—can enhance levels of starch

and biomass produced by the plants,

the research shows.

The findings of the collaborative

research project of Oxford University

with Ram Sagar Misra, a chemistry

professor at Shiv Nadar University

(SNU), India, was published in Nature

journal in December 2016. Apart from

Misra, the research team includes

Benjamin Davis, a professor at the

University of Oxford, and Matthew Paul,

a scientist from Rothamsted Research,

Harpenden, UK.

“The technology is completely new

where we use a sugar-based signalling

New research claims to raise wheat yields by 50%

molecule which leads wheat plants to

produce more starch, thereby leading

to a 50% rise in yields (in lab and field

trials),” Misra said during an interview.

The water-soluble power can either be

used as a nutrient solution to the root

zone of plants or even sprayed, he said,

adding, “The same technology has

potential applications in other starch-

based crops like maize, rice and

potatoes.”

Not just raising yields, the technology

can also offer solutions to counter

effects of moisture stress and drought.

According to the paper published in

Nature, the research shows “that

chemical intervention in a potent sugar

signal increases grain yield, whereas

application to vegetative tissue

improves recovery and resurrection

from drought”.

The technology can be a respite for

India where wheat production took a

hit in 2015 and 2016 due to widespread

drought and imports surged to the

highest seen in a decade. India is likely

to harvest a record 96.6 million tonnes

beginning April this year, but a warmer

winter may shave off some of the gains

of a normal monsoon last year.

The discovery is significant too as

average wheat yield in India is below

that of average yields seen in countries

like China, leaving significant room for

improvement.

“In a country like India with significant

resistance to genetically modified

crops, the technology will be more

acceptable, and also because it is non-

toxic and environment friendly,” Misra

added.

The collaborative research which took

close to a decade to develop could take

some more time before it reaches

farmers. “We are now looking to

collaborate with agriculture companies

to conduct extensive field trails and a

handful of Indian and Israeli companies

have expressed interest,” Misra said.

“This technology can be easily and

widely replicated across other crops as

well—so potential benefits are

enormous,” said A.D.N. Bajpai, Vice-

Chancellor, Himachal Pradesh

University, Shimla.

“It can co-exist and be integrated with

existing crop technologies, without any

ethical or safety issues. The only

question now is how soon can this be

brought to the market,” Bajpai added.

Source: livemint

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Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 5 | March 2017CALENDAR OF EVENTS w

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2017

To list any industry event related to Grain & Feed industry please write us at

[email protected]

IDMA

Date: 4-7 May 2017

Venue: Istanbul Expo Centre, Turkey

Email: [email protected]

Web: www.idma.com.tr

First Annual Animal Nutrition Conference of

Canada

Date: 10-11 May 2017

Venue: Quebec City, Canada


Web: www.anacan.org

Aqua Aquaria India

Date: 21-23 April 2017

Venue: Andhra Loyola College Campus, Vijayawada,

India


Web: www.aquaaquaria.com

MAY

APRIL

AgraME


Venue: Dubai International Exhibition Centre, Dubai


Web: www.agramiddleeast.com

Poultry & Livestock Bangladesh Expo


Venue: Dhaka, Bangladesh


Web: www.cems-foodagro.com

JULY

AGRENA Middle East

Date: 13-15 July 2017

Venue: Cairo International Exhibition Centre


Web: www.agrena.net

FIAAP Animal Nutrition Conference

Date: 14 July 2017

Venue: Cologne, Germany


Web: www.victam.com

Feed Expo Philippines

Date: 24-26 May 2017

Venue: SMX Convention Center, Pasay City,

Philippines


Web: www.livestockphilippines.com

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 5 | March 2017CALENDAR OF EVENTS

ww

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2017

To list any industry event related to Grain & Feed industry please write us at

[email protected]

IDMA

Date: 4-7 May 2017

Venue: Istanbul Expo Centre, Turkey


Web: www.idma.com.tr

First Annual Animal Nutrition Conference of

Canada

Date: 10-11 May 2017

Venue: Quebec City, Canada


Web: www.anacan.org

Aqua Aquaria India


Venue: Andhra Loyola College Campus, Vijayawada,

India


Web: www.aquaaquaria.com

MAY

APRIL

AgraME


Venue: Dubai International Exhibition Centre, Dubai


Web: www.agramiddleeast.com

Poultry & Livestock Bangladesh Expo


Venue: Dhaka, Bangladesh


Web: www.cems-foodagro.com

JULY

AGRENA Middle East

Date: 13-15 July 2017

Venue: Cairo International Exhibition Centre


Web: www.agrena.net

FIAAP Animal Nutrition Conference

Date: 14 July 2017

Venue: Cologne, Germany


Web: www.victam.com

Feed Expo Philippines

Date: 24-26 May 2017

Venue: SMX Convention Center, Pasay City,

Philippines


Web: www.livestockphilippines.com