thin- client computing for windows 1 alan darnell university of alberta libraries
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Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
1
Alan Darnell
University of Alberta
Libraries
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
2
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
“Fat” “Lean” “Thin”classic desktopcomputing model
Java NC model “pre-PC” computingmodel
general purpose O/Sand locally-installedapplications
Java Virtual Machinewith applicationsdownload fromserver
general purpose O/Ssupporting multipleuser sessions withremote displaycapabilities
significant hardwarerequirements withshort replacementcycles
network computerswith mid-rangehardwarerequirements
high-end serverhardware combinedwith low-costterminals or terminalemulation on legacyPCs
poor or non-existentsecurity
data and sessionstate reside onserver
applications, dataand session statereside on server
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
3
Thin-Client Model
Login Server
Application Server
PDC / BDC
File and Print Services
Windows TerminalWindows Terminal Windows Terminal
Login Server
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
4
Family Tree
WinFrame
NT 3.51 - Intel
Wincenter
NT 3.51
X Protoc
ol
NTrigueNT 3.51
MultiWin -
Hydra
ICA - Picasso
MetaFrame
NT 4.0 - Intel
Windows NT -
Terminal Server Edition
Intel and Alpha
Wincenter Connect
for MetaFram
eNT 4.0
T.Share
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
5
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
WTS and MetaFrame Compared• Management tools• Display Protocol• Client software• Web Integration• Terminal Support
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
6
Management Tools
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
• Shared set of tools in WinFrame 1.7 and WTS– monitor connections; User Manager extensions;auto logins;
idle timeouts; reconnecting sessions
• New NT 4.0 style options for polices and profiles in
WTS / MetaFrame
• Separate policies and profiles for WTS logins and
network logins
• Application compatibility scripts
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
7
WTS - Terminal Server Admin
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
8
WinFrame - WinStation Admin
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
9
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
Display ProtocolsMetaFrame
Independent Computing Architecture
• Proprietary protocol developed by Citrix
• Local drive and device mapping• Audio streaming• Shadowing sessions• IPX, NetBEUI support• 256 colour support in user
defined resolutions up to 1280 x 1024
WTSRemote Desktop
Protocol• Based on T.Share (ITU T.120
conferencing protocol)• T.Share used in NetMeeting• RDP supports subset of
T.Share functions • Limited to TCP/IP
connections• 256 colour support up to 1600
x 1200
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
10
Client SoftwareWTS
• Win32, Win16, WinCEThin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
MetaFrame• Win32, Win16, WinCE• DOS• Mac• Unix (Solaris, Linux,
HP, SCO, DEC)• Plug-in (Win16 and 32)• Active-X Control• Java (JDK 1.0 and 1.1)
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
11
Web Integration
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
12
Windows Terminals• Windows CE• Intel “Lean Client”
Specification• Sound, high-end video,
10/100Mbps Ethernet• Serial, Parallel, USB ports• RDP and ICA support• No floppy drive• Boot from network or
flash memory
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
NCD ThinSTAR 300
• Local emulators (TN3270, VT220)
• Pricing under $1000 CDN• Manufactured by
Boundless, Wyse, NCD, Neoware, Tektronix
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
13
Windows Terminals
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
VXL EaziTC
IGEL “Instant TC” Flash Linux Card
• Upgrade for legacy PCs• Integrated ICA client• Not yet licensed for
RDP• Pricing under $500
CDN• Wireless tablets• High-cost ICA devices
for “roaming” users
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
14
Windows Terminals
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
RDP ICA
X
BoundlessWYSENCD
NeowareTektronix
IGELVXL
Cruise
IBM
Tektronix Thinstream
Boundless Viewpoint TC
NCD Thinstar
IBM Network Station
Neoware Neostation
Wyse Winterm
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
15
Comparison Summary
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
16
Implementation Considerations
• Performance
• Security
• Licensing
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
17
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
Server Configuration
• PentiumPro or PII processors• WTS supports 4-way SMP
systems “out of the box”• 32MB base memory with 4-
12MB per user session• RAID disk configuration
(striping or striping with parity)
• 100Mbps NIC
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
18
Bandwidth Requirements
• Single client uses approximately 12kbps of bandwidth
• Compression• Queuing• Client-side Caching of bitmaps
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
19
Benchmarking
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
Processor Speed Memory No. of LightUsers
No. ofHeavyUsers
PII x 1 300 MHz 256MB 35 10
PII x 2 300 MHz 512MB 80 30
P-Pro x 2 200 MHz 512MB 60 23
P-Pro x 4 200 MHz 1GB 155 45
From Compaq benchmark study of WTS.
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
20
Benchmarking Navigator 3.01
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
Number ofStations
SimultaneousStartup Time
Time for FirstStation to Start
Time to StartOne AdditionalStation
1 12 sec 12 sec5 30 sec 12 sec10 90 sec 14 sec15 120 sec 15 sec20 150 sec 16 sec25 180 sec 17 sec30 240 sec 180 sec 18 sec
PII x 2 @ 300MHz with 512MB RAM
WinFrame 1.7 and 30 486/33’s running DOS ICA client
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
21
Security• Encryption of data stream
– WTS supports 3 levels • Low = 40 bit client to server• Medium = 40 bit two-way• High = 128 bit-two way
• Authentication dialogs encrypted• NTFS-based file system security with ZAK utilities
to lock down read-write permissions• All objects in NT Server are assigned access
rights
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
22
Licensing• Windows NT Server Terminal Server Edition
– Retail: $880 / MOLP-E: $160
• Client Access Licenses (Per Seat)– Retail: $50 / MOLP-E: $8 CDN
• NT Workstation 4.0 License (or upgrade license from Win 3.11, WFW, Win95/98 ) – Retail: $300 / MOLP-E: $80
• MetaFrame - $4,995 US for 15 users
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications
Thin-Client
Computing
forWindows
23
Applications
• Extends life of legacy hardware• Kiosk applications• Web delivery of Windows applications• Access to Windows applications from non-
Windows platforms• Task-oriented workers (Circulation,
Cataloguing)• Remote computing
Thin-Client Computing Defined
WTS and MetaFrame Compared
Implementation Considerations
Applications