They’re Coming to America!

“Give us your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to be free?”

“New Immigration”

• Write down 3 things that you find interesting about this video

• Do you notice anything different about these immigrants compared to those from yesterday- skin color, dress, gender, economic class?

The NEW America…

• America begins to Industrialize and Urbanize.• Many in these cities feared these new

immigrants • People feared the networking of new

immigrants

Who are “New Immigrants”

• Italian• Asian: China, Korea, Japan• Eastern European: Hungry, Czechoslovakia,

Poland• Russian

Ellis Island, New York

• Island off of Manhattan Island.• Entry point for immigrants from Europe.• Immigrants were examined, detained, or

deported. Health…• 12 million immigrants passed through this

facility from 1892 and 1954.• All of this done on an island…

Italians

• Most began arriving after 1900• Left because of poor economic conditions• Northeast United States• “Little Italy” • Many felt that they were ALL part of the

mafia- they were attacked for these stereotypes.

Eastern Europeans

• Polish: American Revolution- General Pulaski. Industrialization and unemployment drove them to leave.

• Czech: settled in the Midwest, were Agrarian, and were mainly CATHOLIC.

• Hungarian: Two waves- 1) The Forty Niners and 2) Poorer less educated people leaving towards the turn of the century.

Russians

• Began to arrive after the 1862 Homestead Act• Many came due to political trouble and

economic trouble at home.• The last wave of Russian immigrants came

after the October Revolution in 1917• Many left Russia for religious freedom…• Я не говорюПонглискы

San Francisco

• Large port city in California- Pacific Ocean…• Many Asian immigrants entered the U.S. here.• Many Asian immigrants were violently

attacked in the city as anti-immigration sentiment began to spread.

Japanese

• Japan: Settled in controlled numbers in California and the Hawaiian territory. Share croppers and plantation workers in HI.

• Steps were taken in the first decade of the 20th century to begin to outlaw immigration.

• 1907: Gentleman's Agreement- deal that Japan would quit issuing labor passports.

Koreans

• Came through San Francisco• Were used to replace Chinese and Japanese

workers on Hawaiian plantations.• Same fate as the Japanese. Restrictions.

Chinese

• Many left due to dynastic wars, poverty, etc.• Cheap labor- Transcontinental Railroad (Central Pacific)• Good workers? Why?• 49’ers, farmers, laborers• Chinatowns • Many laws enacted to keep the Chinese down. • Chinese Exclusion Act- Denied Chinese Immigration and

denied citizenship to those here.• POTUS Cleveland: "an element ignorant of our constitution

and laws, impossible of assimilation with our people and dangerous to our peace and welfare."

The Jewish “Problem”

• Immigration in the 1880’s due to persecution in Eastern Europe.

• Were intrigued by “freedom”• Many left due to the Pogroms, or anti-Jewish

uprisings in Russia- Czar Alexander III• Anti-Semitism was high in Europe.

The Laws of the Land

Chinese Exclusion Act(1882)- banned immigration and citizenship.

• Immigration Act of 1917: Kept out those that the congress felt were inadequate- illiterate, uneducated, etc. Also kept out the rest of Asia.

• Emergency Quota Act(1921)- Placed a quota on the total number of immigrants that could enter our country.

Fear

• Nativism: Fear of immigrants.• They stink, they drink, and they don’t practice

our religion- Catholics and Orthodox.• Felt they would take their jobs.• Felt that they would lower wages and make

unions weak.• Sparked violence in urban areas.

Reflection

• Is immigration a problem now?• What things shock you about “New

Immigration”?• What are the differences between “New” and

“Old” immigration?• Give us your tired…?