Illustrat ion by Don Eckelkamp

Gary Allen, a graduate of Stanford, isauthor of None Dare Call It Conspiracy, TheRockefeller File, Kissinger: Secret Side Of The Secretary Of State, and JimmyCarter/Jimmy Carter. Mr. Allen is an AMERICAN OPINION Contributing Editor.

• SPECULATION about Who's Who inthe American Establishment is at­tracting more and more attention aspolitical journalists, scholars, andacademics are drawn into the study ofwho runs the United States and how.Talk of conspiracy is almost fashion­able as commentators set out to redis­cover the wheels within wheels that wecall the Insiders. Sociologists, econ-

MAY,l978

omists, and political scientists nowactively debate whether America is a"pluralist society" or an "elitist" one- speculation which roughly com­pares to the debate among Conserva­tives between the accidentalists andconspiratorialists. While academicproponents of the elitist theories donot yet go so far as to charge in publicthat we are the victims of a master

1

Our Constitution says it is to be we thepeople of the United States who run this coun­try, but powerful elitists now do so by con­trolling government through key institutionsincluding the Council on Foreign Relations, theTrilateral Commission, and a handful of multi­national corporations and international banks.

conspiracy, many do now see that theelitists of big government, big fi­nance, and big business work togetherbehind the scenes in major interna­tional projects that threaten our liber­ties. Professor William Domhoff,possibly the nation's foremost exposi­tor on the Left of the elitist theory,sees the conflict as one between theclasses, rejecting the Americanistview that a tight group of Insidersmanipulates the power pyramid fromthe very top. Domhoff writes:

" If it is true, as I believe, that thepower elite consists of many thou­sands of people rather than severaldozen; that they do not meet as a com­mittee of the whole; that there aredifferences of opinion betweenthem; that their motives are not wellknown to us beyond such obvious in­ferences as stability and power; thatthey are not nearly so clever or power­ful as the ultra-conservatives think­it is nonetheless also true, I believe,that the power elite are more unified,more conscious, and more manipula­tive than the pluralists would have usbelieve, and certainly more so thanany social group with the potential tocontradict them. If pluralists ask justhow unified , how conscious, and howmanipulative, I reply that they haveasked a tough empirical question towhich they have contributed virtuallyno data."

2

Another academic who has doneconsiderable research in the area ofelitist control of our country is Pro­fessor Thomas Dye of Florida StateUniversity, who summarized hisanalysis in his 1976 book, Who's Run­ning America?: Institutional Leader­ship In The United States. * Dye pre­sents the arguments of both the plur­alist and elitist theories. While heavoids expressing his own opinion, theevidence he presents makes it clearthat he is aware of how the game isplayed. Like the late Professor Car­roll Quigley of Georgetown, however,Dye is apparently an admirer of theelite who he claims manipulate pow­er for the good of the country. Pro­fessor Dye writes:

"The 'elitist' model of the policyprocess would portray policy as thepreferences and values of the dom­inant elite. Public policy does not re­flect demands of 'the people' butrather the interests, sentiments, andvalues of the very few who partici­pate in the policy -making process.Changes or innovations in public pol­icy come about when elites redefinetheir own interests or modify theirown values. Of course, elite policyneed not be oppressive or exploitativeof the masses. Elites may be very

"Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New J ersey,$8.95 hardbound and $5.95 in paper.

AMERICAN OPINION

I I I.

'public-regarding,' and the welfare ofthe masses may be an important con­sideration in elite decision-making.But the important point of the modelis that elites make policy, not masses.The elite model views the masses aslargely passive, apathetic, and ill­informed about policy . Mass viewsare eas ily manipulated by the elite­dominated mass media. Communica­tion between elites and masses flowsdownward. The 'proximate policy ­makers' knowingly or unknowinglyrespond primarily to the opinions ofthe elites."

The power of the major Establish­ment institutions, whose leaders com­prise the elite, is becoming more andmore concentrated. As ProfessorThomas Dye observes:

"The nation's resources are con­centrated in a relatively small numberof large institutions. Half of the na­tion's industrial assets are concentra­ted in 100 manufacturing corpora­t ions; half of the nation's ba nkingassets are concentrated in the 50 larg­est banks; half of the nation's assetsin transportation, communications,and utiliti es are concentrate d in 33corporations; two-thirds of the na­tion's insurance assets are concentra­ted in just 18 companies; 12 founda­t ions control nea rly 40 percent of allfoundation ass et s; 12 univer si t iescontrol 54 percent of all private en­dowmen t funds in higher education; 3network broad castin g companies con­t rol 90 percent of the television news,and 10 newspaper cha ins account forone-third of the daily newspaper cir­culation. It is highly probable that 30Wall St reet and Washington lawfirms exercise comparable domi­nance in the legal field, and that adozen cultural and civic organizat ionsdominate music, drama, the arts, andcivic affairs. Federal governmentalone now accounts for 21 percent ofthe gross national product and two-

4

thirds of all government spending.More importantly, concentration ofresources in the nation's larg est inst i­tutions is increasing over time."

Both Dye and Domhoff agree thatthere is an institutional elite com­posed of the heads of major corpora­tions, international banks, civic orga­nizations, comm unications media,the foundations , and the prestigiousuniversities . They realize that theclosest thing America has ever had to aking is David Rockefeller, who coordi ­nates the leaders of the above institu­tions. Professor Dye identifies Rocke­feller as "the only man for whom thepresidency of the United Stateswould be a step down."

Because so much of the Rockefel­ler family's vast wealth is now outsidethe United States, David Rockefelleris fanatically interested in our coun­try's foreign policy . Dye reports ad­miringly: "Above all, Rockefeller isan internationalist. His active inter­vention in American foreign policyhas produced remarkable results. Ashas been mentioned, he was personal­ly involved in Nixon's arrangement ofdetente with the USSR, the StrategicArms Limitation T alks (SALT), andNixon's spectacular trip to China. Heis the key sponsor of the Council onForeign Relat ions."

It is through the Council, widelyknown as the C.F .R., that the Rocke­fellers manipulate American foreignpolicy. Professor Dye describes theCouncil's accomplishments as " daz­zling," and while he refrains fromusing Dan Smoot' s description of it asAmerica's invis ible government , hedoes observe: "T he CFR is designed tobuild consensus among elites on for­eign policy ques tions. Its commissionsmake investigation s concerning for­eign policy, and set maj or direc tionsof official U.S. policy. This councillargely determines when reassess-

(Continued on page seventy -one. )

AMERICAN OPINION

,From page four

THEY RUN AMERICAments of U.S. foreign or military pol­icy are desired . . . . CFR publishesthe journal Foreign Affairs, consideredthroughout the world the unofficialmouthpiece of U.S . foreign policy.Few important initiatives in U.S. pol­icy are not first outlined in articles inthis publication ...."

The C.F .R. is a conduit where cor­porate and government policy aremerged. Thomas Dye reports: "Recog­nizing that U.S. corporations makeforeign policy, as well as the U.S. gov­ernment, the CFR provides 'corpora­tion services' for large fees; thesesources include consultation, infor­mation, and the right to nominate'promising' young executives to at­tend its semi-annual seminars. Its cor­porate members include Chase Man­hattan, General Motors, Ford Motors,Continental Can, Gulf Oil, GeneralElectric, and other giant corporations- particularly those with overseas in­terests. The CFR limits itself to 700individual resident members (NewYork and Washington) and 700 non ­resident members. There are few in­dividuals in top positions in Americaninstitutions with an interest in for­eign affairs who are not CFR mem­bers ...."

Dye quotes Theodore White, chron­icler of Presidential campaigns, onthe fact that both Democrat and Re­publican Administrations rely on theC.F .R. to staff all key positions. " Itsroster of members," says White, "hasfor a generation under Republicanand Democratic administrationsalike, been the chief recruitingground for cabinet level officials inWashington . ..." The C.F.R. isopenly said to be the command post orthe nerve center of what Dye identi­fies as the American " Liberal" Estab­lishment.

MAY, 1978

The C.F.R. ListIt should be kept in mind that not

all of the members of the Council onForeign Relations are Insiders . Cer ­tainly all are considered potential In­siders when they are invited to join,but occasionally the membershipcommittee guesses wrong and admitsa patriot who refuses to compromisehis country for the advancement ofhis career. Those who sit on theC.F.R. 's board of trustees are some­thing else. They are committed to theconspiracy or they wouldn't be in thiskey position. Here is who they are:

David Rockefeller serves as chair­man of the board of trustees of theC.F .R. He holds the same positionwith the elitist Trilateral Commissionwhich will be discussed next. Mr.Rockefeller is also chairman of theboard of Chase Manhattan, theworld's most politically powerfulbank. It is he who heads the Rockefel­ler family empire which controls

' Exxon, the nation's largest corpora­tion. Through trusts and foundationsthe family also controls the Mobil,Standard of Indiana, Standard ofCalifornia, Chevron, Sohio, Phillips66, and Marathon oil companies. TheRockefeller family has controllinginterest in the vast Citicorp (First Na­tional City Bank) and holds ten mil­lion dollars or more of stock in East­man Kodak, General Electric, TexasInstruments, and Three M. Davidserves as trustee of the $185 millionRockefeller Brothers Fund, theRockefeller Family Fund, and theUniversity of Chicago.

Robert O. Anderson is chairmanof Atlantic Richfield Oil Companyand is a member of the board of ChaseManhattan Bank and many otherpowerful institutions. He recently leda failed attempt to take control of theNational Rifle Association.

Robert Bates serves on the staffof the Rockefeller Brothers Fund and

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has been treasurer of the Associationof American Rhodes Scholars.

David E. Bell taught at Harvard,his alma mater, and has served as vicepresident of the Ford Foundation.

Michael Blumenthal is Secretaryof the U.S. Treasury. Coming to theUnited States via Shanghai afterWorld War II, he rose dramatically tobecome president of the giantBendix Corporation, a trustee ofPrinceton, a director of the AtlanticCouncil, and a member of the Trilat­eral Commission.

Zbigniew Brzezinski is the HenryKissinger of the Carter Administra­tion, playing C.F.R policy-controlagent as the President's NationalSecurity Advisor. Brzezinski has longbeen a David Rockefeller intimate,did time with the Rand Corporationthink tank, and was the founding di­rector of the Trilateral Commission.

McGeorge Bundy taught and wasdean at Harvard, was a political anal­yst for the C.F.R, and was movedinto what became the Kissinger­Brzezinski post as special assistantfor national security affairs to Pres­idents Kennedy and Johnson. Bundynow presides as president of the FordFoundation.

C. Douglas Dillon is the NumberTwo man in the C.F.R A 1931 gradu­ate of Harvard, he is certainly one ofthe five top Insiders in the country.Dillon has been chairman of theboard of the powerful investmentbanking firm of Dillon, Read & Com­pany. He served as Undersecretary ofState for Economic Affairs in theEisenhower Administration and wasSecretary of the Treasury underKennedy-Johnson. He is a member ofthe Trilateral Commission and waschairman of the Rockefeller Founda­tion. Mr. Dillon has served on theboard of the Brookings Institution,the leading Democrat think tank. Anopen ad vocate of World Government,

72

he is a member of the elitist PilgrimSociety and president of the Insti­tute For World Order.

J. Richardson Dilworth is an in­vestment banker whose chief job ismanaging the vast assets of theRockefeller family. He served Kuhn,Loeb & Company, an Insider invest­ment banking firm which reportedlyplayed a key role in financing the Bol­shevik Revolution and the first FiveYear Plan. Dilworth is a director ofRH. Macy & Company, InternationalBasic Economy Corporation, ChaseManhattan Bank, Chrysler Corpora­tion, and is a trustee of Yale.

Hedley Donovan is a RhodesScholar who is Editor-in-Chief ofTime, Incorporated, a trustee of theInsiders' Carnegie Endowment forInternational Peace, and a member ofthe Trilateral Commission.

George Franklin is a Harvardgraduate with a law degree from Yalewho serves as an assistant to NelsonRockefeller. Franklin worked for theC.F.R from 1945 to 1971, served thenational council of the radical For­eign Policy Association, and is an of­ficer of the Atlantic Council, which isconsidering a merger with the Trilat­eral Commission. He is related to theRockefellers by marriage.

Gabriel Hauge is president ofManufacturers Hanover Bank, oneof New York's big six. A former stat­istician for the Federal Reserve,Hauge serves with the Carnegie En­dowment for International Peace andis a member of the Pilgrim Society.

Theodore Hesburgh is the manicprogressive priest who is president ofNotre Dame. He has been a directorof the Woodrow Wilson National Fel­lowship, chairman of the federalCivil Rights Commission, the Carne­gie Commission on the Future ofHigher Education, and the AdlaiStevenson Institute. Father Hesburghis a trustee of the Rockefeller Foun-

AMERICAN OPINION

dation and the Carnegie Foundationfor Advancement of Teaching.

Nicholas Katzenbach, a graduateof Princeton and the Yale LawSchool, is a Rhodes Scholar whotaught at Yale and the University ofChicago Law School, served as U.S.Attorney General and Undersecretaryof State, has been a Ford Foundationfellow, and is a director of LB .M .

John J. McCloy is a director emer­itus of the Council. During his longcareer of service to the internationalconspiracy, this Harvard-trained law­yer served as head of the World Bank,U.S. Military Governor and HighCommissioner in postwar Germany,and chairman of the Ford Founda­tion . He was chairman of the boardof the Chase Manhattan Bank beforePrince David ascended the throne;head of the U.S. Disarmament Com­mission, whose stated goal was to turnover all U.S. weapons to a U.N . militaryforce; and, chairman of the board ofthe Insiders ' Atlantic Institute.

Lane Kirkland is secretary-treasur­er of the A:F.L.-C.LO., representingthe workers of America in the inter­national bankers club . Or is it theother way around? Kirkland is also amember of the elitist Trilateral Com ­mission.

Harry McPherson is not yet fiftyand the youngest of the C.F.R. trust­ees. He was special assistant andcounsel to President Johnson .

James Perkins has spent manyyears as an executive with the Insid­ers ' Carnegie Corporation. From 1950to 1963 he was president of Cornelland has been a trustee of the RandCorporation and a director of ChaseManhattan. Perkins has served on theCarnegie Commission on Higher Edu­cation and as secretary of the Carne­gie Foundation.

Peter Peterson was Secretary ofCommerce under President Johnson,and has been chairman of the board

MAY, 1978

of Bell & Howell, and a director ofthe First National Bank of Chicago,Ill inois Be ll Telephone, and theBrookings Institution.

Lucian Pye holds a Yale doctorate,was a Rhodes Scholar, and is professorof internationa l studies at M.LT. Hehas been a member of the advisorycouncil administe ring America's for­eign aid and is a trustee of the elitistAsia Society.

Robert Roosa has taught econom­ics at the University of Michigan,Harvard, an d M J .T. For fifteenyears he served with the Federal Re­serve Bank of New York. He was Un ­dersecretary for Monetary Affairs atthe Treasury Department under Pres­ident Kennedy. Robert Roosa is apartner in the Insider investmentbanking firm of Brown Brothers,Harriman & Company. He is a direc ­tor of the American Express Com­pany, American Express Internation­al Banking Corporation, Owens-Corn­ing Fiberglass Corporation, Anacon­da, and Texaco. And, he is a trustee ofthe Rockefeller Foundation.

Marshall Shuman has taught atthe Russian Research Center at Har­vard and served as a director of theRussian Institute at Columbia . He haswon the Rockefeller Public ServiceAward and is author of Stalin's For­eign Policy Reappraised.

Cyrus Vance is J immy Carter'sSecretary of State. This Yale-trainedlawyer helped negotiate the disastrousVietnam peace treaty at the ParisPeace Conference, has been a directorof Aetna Life & Casualty, LB.M .,and Pan American World Airways . Heserved as a trustee of Yale, the UrbanInstitute, and the Rockefeller Foun­dation, and is a member of the Tri­lateral Commission.

Paul Volcker is well known as theworld's ace goldphobe. He used to saythat if the United States quit sup­porting the price of gold at thirty-five

73

dollars an ounce it would go to fivedollars. With degrees from Princeton,Harvard, and the London School ofEconomics, he served as an economistfor the New York Federa l ReserveBank and then for the Chase Man­ha t tan Bank before becoming a highofficial in the Treasury Depa rtment.Ha lfway through the Nixon Adminis­tration he returned to the womb atChase Manhattan an d was subse­quently ap pointed to head the keyNew York Federal Reserve Ban k.

Paul Warnke is an anti-sover­eignty man who has been a partner ina powerful international law firm,served on the ad visory commission tothe U.S. Commission on Civil Righ ts,and now heads the U.S . Arms Controland Disarmament Agency.

Franklin Williams played interna­tionalist games at the top level of theDefense Departmen t under PresidentEisenhower, taught at the FletcherSchool at T ufts, and is president oft he Asia Fou ndation.

Carroll Wilson is an M .LT. grad­uate who has served with the StateDepartment as an advi sor on the in­ternational control of atomic energyand was general manager of the U.S .Atomic Energy Commission. He alsoserved on the Rockefeller BrothersFund panel on international security.Now his field seems to be ecology. Hewas a director of the Study on Criti calGlobal En vironmental Problems andserves the anti-technology Club ofRome , as well as being a senior advi sorto the U.N . Conference on HumanEnvironment. Wilson was a memberof Nelson Rockefeller's Committeeon Crit ical Choices , is a member ofthe Trilateral Commission, and hasbeen chairman of the C.F.R. mem­bership committee.

The Trilateral ListIn no way is the Trilateral Commis­

sion a competitor of the Council on

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Foreign Relations as some Establish­me nt publications implied whenJimmy Carter loaded up his Adminis­tration with its members. Dual mem­bership in the two organizations iscommon. The Trilateral Commissionwas in fact the brainchild of C.F.R.pa njandrum David Rockefeller, whonow serves as cha irman of its board.

T he name Trilateral Comm issionwas chosen because its members comefro m North America, Japan, andWestern Europe. It is an internationalext ension of the C.F.R. and makes noattempt to disguise the fact that, likethe Council, its primary reason forexistence is to bring about a NewWorld Order under the policy controlof the Insiders. The need for WorldGovern ment is openly discussed in itsmany publications. The Rockefellersand the C.F .R. had hoped to use theUnited Nations as the vehicle for thispurpose. Bu t the Amer ican public re­sist ed, and as ti me passed the U.N .becam e the world's largest indoor zoowit h the Insiders having problemsmanipulat in g its wild men. Ac­cording to the Trilateral Commission,it will now be necessary to federatethe advanced nations of the worldfirst and then bring in the Less Devel ­oped Coun tries and the Communists- on terms to be set by advanced na­t ions dominated by the multinationalcorpora tions. American members ofthe Trilateral Commission are:

I.W. Abel is former president ofthe United Steelworkers of Amer­ica. His policies on foreign importsand federal regulation have donemuch to undermine the U.S. steel in­dustry in favor of those Trilateralpartners Japan and Western Europe.

David Abshire has been directorof research for the Republican PolicyCommittee, is cha irman of the Centerfor Strategic and Internati onalStudies at Georgetown, and is a mem­ber of t he C.F.R.

AMERICAN OPINION

Graham Allison is a Harvard pro ­fessor and a member of the C.F.R.

John Anderson is a very "Liberal"Republican Congressman from Illi ­nois . He is a member of the C.F .R.

Ernest Arbuckle is cha irman ofthe Wells Fargo banking chain, adirector of Owens Illinois, SafewayStores, and Hewlitt-Packard. A for­mer dea n of the Graduate School ofBusiness at Stanford, his career waslaunched with Standard Oil.

J . Paul Austin is the Harvard LawSchool graduate who is chairman ofthe worldwide Coca-Cola Compa ny.He is also a director of ContinentalOil, Morgan Guaranty Bank, Genera lElectric, and Dow Jo nes .

George Ball , long a C.F .R. wheel­horse, is a senior partner of the Leh­man Brot hers investment bankingfirm which recently merged with theequa lly powerful Kuhn, Loeb & Com­pany . He has been U.S. Representa­t ive to the U.N . and was Undersecre­tary of State from 1961 to 1966;

Lucy Benson was presiden t of thecollectivist Lea gue of Women Voters.She was a director of the Dreyfus ThirdCentury Fund and a member of thecouncil of the Nat ional MunicipalLeague. Ms . Benson is now Undersec­retary of State for Secur ity Assis­tance .

Robert Bowie is a Harvard pro­fessor, has held numerous positionswith the State Department, and is amember of the C.F.R.

John Brademas was a Rhode sScholar and a member of the Harvardboard of overseers. A very "Liberal"Democra t Congressman from north­ern Indiana, he sits on the centralcommittee of t he febrile WorldCounci l of Churches and is a memberof the C.F.R.

Andrew Brimmer is a FulbrightFellow with a Ph.D. from Harvardwho was the first black to serve on theFederal Reserve Board. He also did

MA Y, 1978

time at the Brookings Institution andis a member of the C.F .R.

William Brock is the forme r Sen­ator from Tennessee who as chairmanof the Republican National Commit­tee refused to commit the Repu bli ­can Party against the Panama Canaltreaties. Anybody who is surpriseddoesn't understand .

Harold Brown is our Secretary ofDefense and a member of the C.F.R.He was president of Cal Tech, a dele­gate to the SALT surrender talks, anda director of Schroders Ltd ., I.B.M.,and the Times -Mirror Company.

Zbigniew Brzezinski is discussedunder the C.F.R. In his book BetweenTwo Ages he stated that "Marxismrepresents a further vit al and crea­t ive stage in the maturing of ma n'suniversal vision .. .."

Jimmy Carter gave up a fine jobwith the family peanut company tobecome David Rockefeller's personalrepresentat ive in Washington, D.C.

Warren Christopher is a Depu tySecretary of State and a C.F .R.member.

Alden Clausen is president of theworld 's largest bank, the Bank ofAmerica , and a leading proponent ofaid and trade with the Communists.He is a director of the Federal ReserveBank of San Francisco, a member ofthe powerful Business Council, anda member of the C.F .R.

William Coleman, another Har­vard-tra ined lawyer, is the formerSecretary of Transportation. He is adirector of Pan American World Air­ways , Penn Mutual Life Insuran ce,First Pennsylvani a Banking & TrustCompany, and sits on the board ofgovern ors of the Ameri can Stock Ex ­change. He has been counsel to theU.S. Arms Control and DisarmamentAgency, a trustee of the Rand Cor­porat ion and the Brookings Insti tu­tion, and is a member of the C.F.R.

Barber Conable is a "Liberal" Re-

75

publican Congressman from upstateNew York.

Richard Cooper is a graduate ofthe Fabian Socialists' London Schoolof Economics. Cooper is an Undersec­retary of State, has been senior staffeconomist of the Council of Econom­ic Advisors, and is on the board ofdirectors of the Atlantic Council.This outspoken C.F.R. member haswritten bluntly of his desire forWorld Government in his book Eco­nomics Of Interdependence and in ar­ticles in the C.F .R. journal.

John Culver is a Harvard graduateand former Harvard Summer Schooldean who, after being legislative as­sistant to Senator Edward Kennedyand serving in the House, was electedDemocratic Senator from Iowa. He isa C.F.R. member.

Gerald Curtis is a professor atColumbia and a C.F .R. member.

Lloyd Cutler is a director ofKaiser Industries and the N.&W.Railway. He has served with the StateDepartment and was secretary of theLawyers Civil Rights Commission.Cutler was also with the O.E.O. andwas executive director of the NationalCommission on the Causes and Pre­vention of Violence. A C.F.R. mem­ber, he has been a lecturer at theBrookings Institution.

Emmett Dedmon has been a vicepresident and editorial director of theChicago Sun- Times and ChicagoDaily News .

Hedley Donovan. See C.F.R.Daniel Evans, a "Liberal" Repub­

lican formerly governor of Washing­ton, is a longtime Nelson Rockefellersupporter. He was with the UrbanCoalition and was awarded the Orderof the Silver Beaver. Honest.

Donald Fraser is a wildly radicalDemocratic Congressman fromMinnesota now running for the Sen­ate and a member of the C.F.R.

Richard Gardner has held many

76

positions in the State Department andbeen a delegate to the U.N. He is anoutspoken advocate of World Govern­ment, is presently U.S. Ambassadorto Communist-plagued Italy, and is amember of the C.F .R.

William Hewitt heads John Deere& Company, is a director of Conti­nental Illinois, American Telephone &Telegraph, Continental Oil, and theChase Manhattan Bank. He is a mem­ber of the Insiders' Business Council, atrustee of the Carnegie Endowmentfor International Peace, and a direc­tor of the U.N. Association. Hewitt isa member of the C.F.R.

Richard Holbrooke has beenmanaging editor of the Leftist For­eign Policy magazine, is a member ofthe C.F.R., and is now serving theCarter State Department.

Thomas Hughes, another RhodesScholar, is president of the enormous­ly influential Carnegie Endowment.He is a member of the Foreign PolicyAssociation and of the C.F .R.

Robert Ingersoll has been U.S.Ambassador to Japan. He is a directorof the Business Council and memberof the C.F.R.

J.K. Jamieson is the formerchairman of the board of Exxon. Heis a director of the Chase ManhattanBank, Equitable Life Assurance So­ciety, U.S. International Nickel, and amember of the C.F.R.

Edgar Kaiser is president ofKaiser Industries and its vast subsidi­aries. He is vice chairman of theStanford Research Institute, and amember of the Business Council andthe C.F.R.

Lane Kirkland. See C.F.R.Sol Linowitz is most famous for

negotiating the giveaway of our Pan­ama Canal, but that is far from theextent of his activities. He has beenchairman of the board of Xerox andchairman of the National Urban Co­alition. Sol is a director of Time, In-

AMERICAN OPINION

corporated, and of the Marine Mid­land Bank and Pan American Air­ways. A Leftwing activist, he is a di­rector of the National Planning Asso­ciation and the American Assembly.He is a member of the C.F.R.

Bruce MacLaury is president ofof the Brookings Institution and amember of the C.F .R.

Paul McCracken earned his doc­torate at Harvard, served as directorof research for the Federal ReserveBank of Minneapolis, was a memberof the Council of Economic Advisorsunder Eisenhower, and was chief eco­nomic adv isor to President Nixon.

Walter Mondale, our Vice Presi­dent, has dual membership in theCouncil on Foreign Relations and theTrilateral Commission. He was ap­pointed to the U.S. Senate.

Lee Morgan is president of theCaterpillar Tractor Company.

Kenneth Naden is president ofthe National Council of FarmerCooperatives.

Henry Owen, director of the For­eign Policy Studies Program at theBrookings Institution, is anothermember of the C.F.R.

David Packard is chairman of theHewlitt-Packard electronics companyand was Nixon's first Deputy Secre ­tary of Defense. He is a director ofthe Caterpillar Tractor Company,Standard Oil of California, andTrans World Airlines. He was a sup­porter of Nelson Rockefeller in hisattempts at the Presidency and is anadvocate of aid and trade with theCommunists.

John Perkins is president of theincreasingly influential ContinentalIllinois Bank.

Peter Peterson. See C.F .R.Edwin Reischauer is a professor

of Oriental history at Harvard, a lead ­ing Leftwing theoretician, and servedas J.F.K.'s Ambassador to Japan.

Elliot Richardson has been Secre-

MAY, 1978

tary of the Department of Health,Education and Welfare; Secretary ofDefense; U.S. Attorney General; and,Undersecretary of State. He is U.S.Ambassador to the U.N.'s Law of theSeas Conference and (surprise!) be­longs to the C.F.R.

David Rockefeller. See C.F.R.Robert Roosa. See C.F.R.William M. Roth, scion of the

Matson shipping lines, has been anactive "Liberal" Democrat. He is adirector of the Crocker National Bankchain and a trustee of the Institutefor Advanced IStudies at Princetonand the Insiders' Carnegie Institution.He is also a member of the C.F.R.

William V. Roth, a Harvard­trained lawyer, is U.S. Senator fromDelaware and the only one of the six­teen C.F.R. members in the Senate tovote against the Panama Canal trea­ties. Did someone on those member­ship committees confuse him withWilliam M. Roth?

Henry Schacht holds degrees fromboth Harvard and Yale. He is presi­dent of the Rockefeller-controlledCummins Engine Company and amember of the C.F .R.

William Scranton is rememberedas the former Pennsylvania governorwho acted as Nelson Rockefeller'schief hatchet man at the 1964 G.O.P.Convention. He is a director ofI.B .M ., Scott Paper Company, Mu­tual of New York, and Sun Oil Com­pany. Scranton is on the executivecommittee of the Trilateral Commis­sion, and a member of the C.F.R.

Gerard Smith was Americanchairman of the Trilateral Commis­sion, has held numerous positions inthe State Department, and was direc­tor of the U.S. Arms Control and Dis­armament Agency and the chief U.S.delegate to the SALT talks. He is atrustee of the Brookings Institutionand a member of the C.F.R.

Anthony Solomon is Undersecre-

77

tary of the Treasury and assuredly aC.F .R. man.

Robert Taft Jr. is a "Liberal"former Senator from Ohio and disap­pointing son of the late patriot.

Arthur Taylor, president ofC.B.S., is a member of the U.N . Asso­ciation and the C.F.R.

Philip Trezise has held a plethoraof posts within the State Departmentand is a C.F.R. member.

Cyrus Vance. See C.F .R.Paul Warnke. See C.F.R.Marina Whitman served as senior

staff economist on Nixon's Counc ilof Economic Advisors. She is a direc­tor of Manufacturers Hanover Bankand Westinghouse Electric Corpora­tion. Also a C.F .R. member, Ms .Whitman endeared herself to themultinational corporations with herbook Government Risk-Sharing InForeign Investment.

Caspar Weinberger, anotherHarvard lawyer, was a leading G.O.P.activist fighting Conservative Re­publicans in Cal ifornia politics. Heserved as chairman of the F.T.C. andSecretary of H .E .W. under RichardNixon.

Carroll Wilson. See C.F .R.Arthur Wood, with degrees from

both Princeton and Harvard, is chair­man of the board of Sears Roebuck.

Leonard Woodcock succeededWalter ("Yours for a Soviet Ameri­ca") Reuther as president of theUnited Auto Workers. A member ofthe C.F .R., he is now Mr. Carter's rep­resentative to Peiping.

Andrew Young, the former Con­gressman who was Martin LutherKing's Lefthand man, is of courseU.N . Ambassador to the U.S.A . ADavid Rockefeller protege, Young isalso a member of the C.F .R.

Trilateral List GrowsWould this were the whole Trilat­

eral crew, but David Rockefe ller's

MAY, 1978

team is still recruiting. Will iam P .Hoar brought us up to date with thelatest additions in a recent issue ofThe Review Of The News . Here, withasterisks added to denote members ofthe C.F.R., is the Hoar update:

"Among the 25 new North Ameri ­can members appointed is formerSecretary of State Henry Kissin­ger,* who has become a member ofthe Executive Committee. Followingare the other new members: GardnerAckley, professor of economics,University of Michigan, formerChairman of Counci l of EconomicAdvisors; Anne L. Armstrong, *former United States Ambassador tothe United Kingdom; George Bush,*former Director of Central Intelli­gence and Chief of the U.S . LiaisonOffice in Peiping; Sol Chaikin, pres­ident, International Ladies GarmentWorkers Union; Congressman Wil ­liam Cohen (R.-Maine), now runningfor the Senate; Senator Alan Cran­ston (De-California): Senator JohnC. Danforth (R.-Missouri); ClaudeA. Edwards, member, Public ServiceStaff Relations Board and formerpresident , Public Service Alliance ofCanada; Congressman Thomas F oley(D.-Washington); George S. Frank­lin,* Coordinator of the TrilateralCommission and former ExecutiveDirector of the Council on ForeignRelations; and, Hendrick Houthak­ker, professor of econom ics, HarvardUniversity, and a former member ofthe Council of Economic Advisors.

"Also: Arjay Miller, Dean of theStanford University Graduate Schoolof Business and former president ofFord Motor Company; Gerald Park­sy , former Assistant Secretary of theTreasury for International Affairs ;William Pearce, vice president ofCargill Incorporated and former U.S .Deputy Trade Representative; JohnD . Rockefeller IV, Governor of WestVirginia; John C. Sawhill,* presi-

79

dent of New York University andformer Administrator of the FederalEnergy Administration; Mark Shep­herd, * chairman of Texas Instru­ments and former co-chairman of theAdvisory Council on U.S.-Japan Eco­nomic Relations; Edson W. Spen­cer, * president and chief executiveofficer, Honeywell Incorporated;James R. Thompson, Governor ofIllinois; Russell E. Train, * formerAdministrator, Environmental Pro­tection Agency; Paul A. Volcker, *president of the Federal ReserveBank of New York and former UnderSecretary of the Treasury for Mone­tary Affairs; Martin J. Ward, pres­ident, United Association of Journey­men and Apprentices of the Plumb­ing and Pipe Fitting Industry of theUnited States and Canada; GlennE. Watts, president, Communica­tions Workers of America; and,George Weyerhauser, president andchief executive officer of the Weyer­hauser Company."

The Big BanksMany conspiratorialists believe

that the megabanks are the most pow­erful institutions in the nation andthat the Council on Foreign Relationsand the Trilateral Commission areused by them to coordinate foreignand domestic policies favorable to theinternational banking establishment.

The megabanks have a huge stakein government policies, both foreignand domestic. Today about seventy­five percent of their profits comefrom overseas loans. When foreignloans are in jeopardy, the banks usethe government to save their greenbacon. No better example could befound than the Panama Canal trea­ties. The total bank loans outstandingto Panama stand at $2.7 billion. Thedebt service now costs Panama thirty­nine percent of its annual income,and the only way it can pay is for the

MAY,1978

U.S. Government to provide the Pan­ama Canal as hostage with billions toboot. The Panama Canal treatiesshould be known as the Bankers' Bail­Out Acts.

And when the big bankers movethey move together. The New Yorkmegabanks are essentially one im­mense bank. A recent Report by theSenate Subcommittee on Reports, Ac­counting and Management tells us:"Morgan Guaranty is stock-voterNumber One in four of its New Yorksister banks - Citicorp, Manufac­turers Hanover Corp., Chemical NewYork Corp ., and Bankers Trust NewYork Corp . - as well as BankamericaCorp." And that Report, releasedJanuary 19, 1978, reveals that twenty­one megabanks have voting controlover 122 of the nation's largest cor­porations. Morgan Guaranty is themajor stock-voter in twenty-sevenlarge corporations and is among thetop five voters in fifty-six leadingcorporations. *

Professor Thomas Dye provides uswith a synopsis of the power of themegabanks over the American econ­omy. "The Rockefeller banks [andthe other megabanks]," he says, " in ­fluence corporate decision-making inseveral ways - by giving or withhold­ing loans to corporations, by placingrepresentatives on corporate boardsof directors, and by owning or con­trolling blocks of common stock ofcorporations. The Federal ReserveBoard estimates that 90 percent ofthe lending of large banks is made tolarge corporations. These corporationsare dependent upon bank loans forcapital expansion. Often the banksdictate specific aspects of corporatepolicy as a condition of granting aloan (in the same fashion that federalagencies often dictate policies of

' See "The Bankers, Part I and II," in Am ericanOpinion for February and March, 1978.

81

state and local governments as a con­dition of receiving federal grants-in­aid). Frequently, banks will also re­quire that corporations that borrowmoney must appoint bank officers ordirectors to the boards of the corpora­tion. This gives the bank continuousoversight of the activities of thedebtor corporation. Finally, the trustdepartments of major banks holdlarge blocks of common stock of in­dustrial corporations on behalf of in­dividuals, pension funds, and invest­ment companies. Generally the banksvote the shares held in trust in cor­porate elections . . . ."

Big banking and big governmentare not rivals or enemies, they arepartners. Banks are in the business oflending money and politicians and bu­reaucrats are in the business ofspending it. The relationship suits amutual interest in power. Considerthe key people in the megabanks.

Chase Manhattan BankChairman of Chase Manhattan,

David Rockefeller, is covered in theC.F.R. section. Willard Butcher, itspresident, has been with the banksince 1947. Naturally he belongs to theC.F.R. Chase Manhattan's board ofdirectors includes:

Charles Barber, a Harvard law­yer, is chairman of ASARCO Mexi­cana and is a member of the C.F.R.

James Binger, a Yale-educatedlawyer, is chairman of Honeywell anda director of Northwest Airlines,Northwestern Bell, Northwest Can­corp, and Three M. He served on Nix­on's Commission on InternationalTrade and Investment and is a mem ­ber of the C.F.R.

William Coleman. See C.F.R.John Connor, a former Secretary

of Commerce, is a Harvard-trainedlawyer who is president of AlliedChemical. He is also a director ofGeneral Motors, General Foods, and a

MA Y, 1978

member of the elitist Pilgrim Societyand the C.F.R.

J. Richardson Dilworth. SeeCouncil on Foreign Relations.

Coy Eklund is president of theEquitable Life Assurance Society.

James Ferguson, head of GeneralFoods, is a director of Union Carbide.He belongs to the C.F.R.

Richard Furlaud runs Squibb andis a director of Mutual Benefit Lifeand American Express. He is a mem­ber of the C.F.R.

Theodore Hesburgh, See Coun­cil on Foreign Relations.

William Hewitt. See TrilateralCommission.

Howard Kauffman is president ofExxon.

Ralph Lazarus, head of the Fed­erated Department Stores, is a direc­tor of Scott Paper and General Elec­tric. Lazarus belongs to the BusinessCouncil and is a member of the Na­tional Commission on U.S.-China Re­lations. He is a C.F.R. member.

John Macomber is president ofthe Celanese Corporation and a mem­ber of the C.F.R.

James Olson is vice president ofA.T.&T.

Edmund Pratt is the head ofPfizer, Incorporated.

Richard Shinn is president ofMetropolitan Life.

Bruce Smart is operating officerof Continental Group, the containercompanies.

Stanford Smith is president of theInternational Paper Company.

Elvis Stahr describes himself as aconservationist and head of the Au­dubon Society, but he is a RhodesScholar and lawyer who was Secretaryof the Army and a delegate to theUnited Nations.

John Swearingen is head of Stan­dard Oil of Indiana.

William Verity runs ArmcoSteel and is a director of Business In-

83

ternational, which is devoted to pro­moting aid and trade with the Soviets.

Morgan Guaranty TrustChairman of the board is Ellmore

Patterson, a director of InternationalNickel, A.T.&S .F. Railway, andStandard Brands. He is a member ofthe C.F.R. Walter Page, president ofMorgan Guaranty, is a director ofMerck & Company and KennecottCopper. He is a member of the UrbanCoalition, the Foreign Policy Associa­tion, and the C.F .R. The board ofdirectors of Morgan Guaranty TrustCompany includes:

J. Paul Austin. See TrilateralCommission.

Manning Brown is head of NewYork Life . He is a director of theA&P, Louisiana Land & Exploration,Avon Products, J.P. Stevens & Com ­pany, and Union Carbide.

Carter Burgess is chairman of theForeign Policy Association and a di ­rector of American Machine & Foun­dry, American Hotels, American Air­lines, Ford Motor Company, andS .K.F. A former Assistant Secretaryof Defense, Burgess is a member ofthe C.F.R.

Frank Cary is head ofLB.M. and aC.F.R. member.

Emilio Collado is the former ex­ecutive vice president of Exxon. Hehas been an economist with the Fed­eral Reserve and served with the StateDepartment and the Export-ImportBank. Collado is a member of the At­lantic Council and the C.F.R.

Charles Dickey is president of theScott Paper Company.

John Dorrance runs CampbellSoup.

Walter Fallon is chairman of theboard of Eastman Kodak.

Lewis Foy is head of BethlehemSteel.

Hanna Gray is provost of Yale.Alan Greenspan is the former top

MAY, 1978

economic advisor to Richard Nixonand Gerald Ford.

Howard Johnson, chairman ofM.LT. , is a director of the FederalReserve Bank of Boston, John Han­cock Life, Champion InternationalCorporation, Du Pont, and the Put­nam Fund. He is a trustee for theAspen Institute for HumanisticStudies and a member of the C.F.R.

James Ketelsen is president ofTenneco.

Ralph F. Leach, chairman of theboard of Morgan Guaranty, is a direc­tor of many corporations includingthe Southern Railroad and the PrivateExport Funding Corporation. He is atrustee of the Committee for Eco­nomic Development.

Howard J. Morgens, head man atProctor & Gamble, is a director ofOwens-Corning Fiberglass and Gen ­eral Motors. He is a member of theInsiders' Business Council.

Donald E. Procknow, presidentof Western Electric, is a director ofTeletype Corporation, Bell TelephoneLaboratories, and Ingersoll-Rand.

John P. Schroeder has been withMorgan Guaranty since 1945 and is adirector of Phelps Dodge, Johns­Manville, and Lone Star Industries.

Warren M. Shapleigh is presidentof Ralston Purina and a director ofFirst National Bank of St. Louis andnumerous other corporations. He isalso a director of Brookings.

George P. Shultz took a degree atPrinceton before earning his Ph.D. atM .LT. A specialist in East-West tradepolicy, he has served as a director forthe International Monetary Fund, In ­ternational Bank for Reconstructionand Development, Inter-AmericanDevelopment Bank, the Asian Devel­opment Bank, and was senior staffeconomist for Eisenhower's Councilof Economic Advisors. Shultz, youwill hardly be surprised to learn, is amember of the C.F.R.

85

Manufacturers Hanover TrustChairman of the board is Gabriel

Hauge, discussed under the C.F .R.John McGillicuddy is president ofManufacturers Hanover. The boardincludes:

William Beer, head of Kraft, is adirector of Sears Roebuck and FirstNational Bank of Chicago. He is amember of the Business Council andthe C.F .R.

William Beincke, another Yaleman, is president of Sperry & Hutch­inson and a member of the C.F.R.

William Cashel is a vice presidentof A.T.&T.

James Finley, out of Georgia Techand Harvard, is head of J.P. Stevens,and was forced off his board inMarch by radical pressure.

Barron Hilton is of course presi­dent of Hilton Hotels. He is a directorof Eversharp and M.G.M.

Jerome Holland, a life memberof the N .A.A.C.P., is a member of theC.F.R.

Paul Lyet is chairman of SperryRand.

George Munroe is a Harvard­trained lawyer and Rhodes Scholarwho is a director of New York Life,Johns-Manville, and the SouthernPacific. He is a C.F.R. member.

Charles Pilliod is head of Good­year Tire & Rubber Company and amember of the C.F.R.

Marina Whitman. See TrilateralCommission.

Bankers Trust CompanyChairman of the board is Alfred

Brittain, a trustee of the Insiders'Carnegie Endowment for Peace and amember of the C.F.R. The board ofdirectors include:

Lee Bickmore is a director ofWestern Electric, Carrier Corpora­tion, Mutual of New York; and, ofHart, Schaffner & Marx. Chairmanof the executive committee of Na-

86

bisco, he is a member and past direc­tor of the United Nations Associationof the United States.

Howard Blauvelt, chairman ofthe board of Continental Oil, holdsthe same position with the Consolida­tion Coal Company.

John Brooks is chairman of theCelanese Corporation and a memberof the C.F.R.

Joseph Cullman, a Yale man,married into the Lehman family. Heis chairman of Phillip Morris and adirector of I.B.M., World Trade Cor­poration, Ford Motor Company, LeviStrauss, and Braniff Airlines. Cull­man is also president of the WhitneyM. Young Jr. Memorial Foundation.

William Ellinghaus is presidentand a director of A.T.&T. and a di­rector of J.C. Penney, Bristol Myers,and the Call Corporation.

Richard Gelb, with degrees fromboth Yale and Harvard, is the head ofBristol Myers. He is a director of theCharter Corporation, a member ofthe New York Urban Coalition, and amember of the Insiders' C.F.R

Paul Gorman is a director andformer chairman of the board of In­ternational Paper and at one timeheaded the Penn Central Company.He is a director of Campbell Soup andPrudential Insurance Company. Gor­man holds membership in the C.F.R.

Vernon Jordan is executive direc­tor of the National Urban League andhas worked for the N.A.A.C.P. He is adirector of the John Hay WhitneyFoundation, the Rockefeller Founda­tion, and the Twentieth CenturyFund.

William May heads AmericanCan, is a director of Johns-Manville,the New York Times Company, andhas been chairman of the NationalConference of Christians and Jews.He served on the Advisory Committeeof the Peace Corps and the CivilRights Commission.

AMERICAN OPINION

Calvin H. Plimpton is presidentof the Down State Medical Center atState University of New York, atrustee of the World Peace Founda­tion, and a member of the Council onForeign Relations.

William Tavoulareas, head ofMobil Oil, is a director of GeneralFoods and a member of the C.F.R

Walter Thayer, a Yale lawyer, is apartner in the Whitcom InvestmentCompany and president of the Whit­ney Corporation. He was formerlypresident of the New York HeraldTribune and is a director of Dun &Bradstreet. Thayer served on thePresident's advisory council underJ .F.K. and was a special consultant toRichard Nixon.

CitibankLongtime chairman here has been

Walter Wriston, who made this NewYork's largest bank. Prior to going towork for First National City Bank(now Citibank), Wriston was with theState Department. Director of num­erous corporations including J .C.Penney and G.E. , he was a trustee ofthe Rand Corporation and served onthe advisory committee on reform ofthe International Monetary System.Memberships include the BusinessCouncil and the C.F.R.

John de Butts, chairman of theboard of A.T .&T., is a director ofSears Roebuck and Kraftco. He is amember of the Business Council.

Lawrence Fouraker is dean of thefaculty of business administration atthe Harvard Business School.

Clifton Garvin, chairman of theboard of Exxon, is a director of theEconomic Development Council, theNew York Urban Coalition, and SloanKettering Institute. He is a C.F.R.member.

Peter Grace, chairman of W.R.Grace & Company, is a director ofKennecott Copper, Ingersoll Rand,

MAY, 1978

Magnavox, and Deering Milliken.Grace is a member of the C.F.R.

Harry Gray, president of UnitedTechnology Corporation, is a directorof United Aircraft and Aetna Life &Casualty.

John Hanley is president of Mon­santo. He is a director of Armco Steeland of the shameful National Coun­cil for U.S.-China Trade.

H.J. Haynes is chairman of theboard of Standard Oil of California.

Amory Houghton, a former di­rector of New York Life and U.S.Steel who has served on the board ofgovernors of the Federal Reserve Sys­tem, is a member of the C.F.R.

George Jenkins heads the Metro­politan Life Insurance Company. Heis a director of the St. Regis PaperCompany, the American Broadcast­ing Company, and Bethlehem Steel.

Peter McColough, naturalized in1956, is head of Xerox and has been atreasurer of the Democratic NationalCommittee. He is on the board of theU.S.-U.S.S.R. Trade & EconomicCouncil. He is a member of the Busi­ness Council and the C.F.R.

Roger Milliken is president ofDeering Milliken, and a director ofWestinghouse and W.R. Grace &Company, among others.

Robert Oelman is chairman of theboard of National Cash Register anda director of Proctor & Gamble, OhioBell, Koppers, and the Ford MotorCompany.

Edward Palmer, chairman of theexecutive committee of Citicorp, is adirector of the Del Monte Corpora­tion, Phelps Dodge, Potlatch, Mon­santo, Borg Warner, and CorningGlass Works. He is a trustee of theCommittee for Economic Develop­ment.

Charles Pigott is president ofPACCAR and a director of Safeco,Boeing, Seattle First National Bank,and Standard Oil of California.

87

Donald Siebert is head of the J.C.Penney Company.

Irving Shapiro, chairman of theboard of E.L Du Pont, is a member ofthe Urban Coalition and the C.F.R.

Eleanor Sheldon, president of theSocial Science Research Council, is amember of the C.F.R.

Darwin Smith is head of Kimber­ly Clark.

Albert Williams, chairman of thefinance committee of LB.M., is a di­rector of Mobil Oil and Eli Lilly &Company. He is a trustee of the Al­fred E. Sloan Foundation.

Chemical BankThe board chairman is Donald

Platten, a director of numerous cor­porations including Otis Elevator andThomson Newspapers. He is treasurerof the Business Council for Interna­tional Understanding and, as mightbe expected ofa Rockefeller-domi­nated institution, is a member of theC.F.R. President of the ChemicalBank is Norborne Berkeley. He is adirector of Freeport Minerals, Micro­dot, and Hartz Mountain. The boardincludes:

Henry Hillman of the HillmanCoal & Coke Company is a directorof Texas Gas Transmission, NationalSteel, Global Marine, Pittsburgh Na­tional Bank, Cummins Engine, andGeneral Electric, among others.

William Renchard, chairman ofthe executive committee at ChemicalBank, is a director of ArmstrongRubber, New York Life, Borden, andAmerada Hess. He is a member of theU.N. Association and of the elitistPilgrim Society.

George Vila is a former head ofUniroyal. He is on the board of nu­merous corporations including Bendix.Mr. Vila is a member of the Pil­grim Society and the Foreign PolicyAssociation.

Vincent Learson is the retired

88

chairman of LB.M. and a director ofthe Carborundum Company, Exxon,and Caterpillar Tractor.

Keith Funston served for manyyears as president of the New YorkStock Exchange. He was chairman ofthe board of Owen Mathieson Chemi­cal Corporation and is a director ofLB.M., Metropolitan Life, RepublicSteel, Avco, Winn-Dixie, and numer­ous others. Funston is a member ofthe Business Council.

James Button is senior vice pres­ident for merchandising of SearsRoebuck.

Richard LeBlond, a Princetonman, has been with the ChemicalBank since 1946. He is a member or'the C.F.R.

John Place is chairman and pres­identof Anaconda and a member ofthe C.F.R.

Wilbert Walder was president ofU.S. Steel.

Richard Wood, chairman of theboard of Eli Lilly & Company, is adirector of Standard Oil of Indiana.He is a member of the C.F.R.

Franklin Williams has been Am­bassador to Ghana and served on theU.S. Civil Rights Commission. He is amember of the C.F.R.

Martha Wallace is executive di­rector of the Henry Luce Foundationand a member of the C.F.R.

Charles Brown, president ofA.T.&T., is a director of GeneralAmerican Transportation, HarrisTrust & Savings Bank, Inland Steel;and, Hart, Schaffner & Marx.

* * *NEXT MONTH we shall show how the

Council on Foreign Relations, the Tri­lateral Commission, and the Big SixBanks in New York use their leverageto run American government throughother institutions including the mul­tinational corporations, foundations,communicatons media, and the Es­tablishment think tanks.••

AMERICAN OPINION