thesis portfolio

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THESIS M122015/2016New York Institute of TechnologyAamena Ismail Student ID : 0753878Professor Jason Hwang

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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION + STATEMENT 03

ORGANIC DESIGN PROCESS 04 - 05

SITE 10 - 23 Top Row

PROCESS + APPLICATION 10- 23 Bottom Row

PRECIDENTS 06 -09

03

A DESIGNERS RESPONSIBILITY

“ARCHITECTS ARE SORT OF PSYCHIATRISTS OF THE

SYSTEM”- Linda Bernauer Chair of AIA Academy of Architecture for Justice As designers it is our responsibility to create spaces where people are comfortable and at ease. Designed spaces should have a lasting impact on the people who choose to expirience it. As a designer I believe it is Important to have a positive impact and influence on the people we design for. For years the question has been posed as to weather architectes and designers should have theresponsibility of designing correctional facilities. Last year the AIA rejected a petition to censure members who design solitary-confinement cells and death chambers(1). Architects have a “clients” best interest at hand and since 2004 the AIA has made an effort to promote the idea of a more “humane” prision. Architects should design spaces that help the overall mental health and wellness of the inmates and their caretakers.

I decided to design a correctional facility for the youth because , those are the most fragile years of ones life. children and young adults make decisions that will stay with them for the rest of their adult lives. My hope is that by designing a positive space for self reflection and healing it will help kids stay out of the prison system and keep them out for good. Who Knows , perhaps one day designers and architects will have made such a great impact on the justice system that we may not need to question the code of ethics , because we wont need correctional facilities anymore. My goal is to create a space that will end the visicous cycle of being stuck in the prison system .

Time Square is an energetic and positive place where anything is possible.It is the heart of the city that never sleeps.They say that if you can make it here, you can make it anywhere. New York City is brutal yet forgiving. It may knock you down sometimes but will always give you the strength to get back up. New York City is a place of community, individuality and success. A real panoramic view into the busiest place in NYC is an active reminder that ones journey wont stop here. It will continue in a confident and successful manner.

Allowing kids to coexist in a habitat that reflects real life instead of confining them starts a more realistic and effective healing process. NYC is supporter of unconventional ideas and innovation, to keep the idea moving foreward, the correctional facility will simultaneously act as temporary housing for tourists.This wll allow a visual and phsysical interaction between the outside world and the kids living in the facility. 4 Time square offers 360 views into the most energetic and colorful place in the city. A view that reminds people that their dreams are only footsteps away.

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Design 7 - Research + Analysis

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ORGANIC DESIGN

HOW CAN NATURAL ELEMENTS INSPIRE THE OUTCOME OF A PROJECT?

CONTRAST IMPRINTED REPETITION

TIERED

KNOTTED

TESSELATED

IRREGULARCURVED

EXPANDED

Mother nature is the ultimate architect. There are stable structures and beautiful facades all around us , that were created years before man . when looking at nature in a micro - macro scale , we forget its overall purpose and begin to see it through spacial charecteristics. color ,shape, patterns etc. We begin to analyze this image in a much different way. Studying organic and natural patterns allows for the exploration of ideas beyond anyones imagination . In depth analysis of these patterns unleashes a side of design that cannot be found through conventional studies . Looking at Various 2D images in an abstract way opens up the oppertunity to study the depth and detail in each image, the abstraction of each image also allows for architectual inspiration to come easily. for example : what do these images look like in a section , plan and elevation? how can theses images beome 3D models that show depth and spacial charecteristics .36 images accompanied by 36 words , assisted in turning the best 2D images into 3D models. These models would later become spacial aspects of program elements . The unpredictability of organic architecture is also the beauty of it. The techniques used to replicate an image are translated into plan -elevation and section. The goal is to have minimal contol and only manipulate the design when you absolutly have to . Each word is a key to describe the image and is the feature that should also describe the model . These models become a visual of what we see and not what we know.It becomes as if every object observes is foreign and can only be descibed by the patters and layers that are visible.

Knotted : To fasten secure or bind There is a spiral organization with knots or nodes that connect to various “pathways” . Nodes - as rooms or places of task and function , while the Lines became a means of movement- a way to get to each node in a space . Lines are described with a black board to emphasize the importance of movement and circulation . Breaks in the pathways de-scribe voids where verticle circulation could occur. these become pauses in the idea of moving from space to space.

Expanded : Being or having been enlarged, extended, or broadened, in particular The “fins” expand outward in all four directions . They also expand upward creating a topography effect. The shape changes slightly with every layer . The spine or connector piece is descibed with a darker color and expands through each layer. without this, the model would not stand, suggesting structural element. The structural core that continues for each layer would be similarly described as a structure for a tall building. where a strong structural core could allow for multiple floor plans to shift and work at various heights.

MODEL

MODEL

ASKEW

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OBLIQUEPROGRESSION INFLITRATIONCONTOURED

PRECESSION

HIERARCHY

SHATTERED DEPTHFLUIDEFFISIVE

VIENED MODEL

CORRODED MODEL

Corroded : Something that is damaged or destroyed. The replication for this image started with a solid/void study. The voids were created by torching a traced image of the original photo. Depending on the weather different results were recorded on six differnt trials ( wind factor, torch, lighter ) this pattern was looked at in all spacial studies ( plan , section , elevation pictured above).The voids translated into windows in elevation and rooms in plan and section. By stacking in various ways, certain spacial charecteristics were discovered . Such as unique light filters or areas of complete darkness. This expanded my study toward the effects light and shapes.

Viened : A long narrow opening

The focus for this photo is the shadows, texture and pattern. There are several layers of descriptive detail in the image. Each one reacts to the next. The shadows of this image fade away toward the bottom, the lack of shadow exposes the detail in the pattern of the object. there is a fine cross hatch that occurs which suggests a rough texture . There are also slight folds which give a fabric effect . This image can be imaged as a skin or a drape to cover a structure. The dark “viens” suggest openings or layers to allow light to penetrate the layers form certain angles. perhaps something that can be turned into a shading device for areas where sun and heat levels are high .

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PRECIDENT STUDY 01 : TSUBO HOUSE AlgorithmicSpace by 000studio + Shohei Matsukawa

CONSTRUCTION + ASSEMBLYThis particular structure requires wood to be bolted onto vertical beams then manually sanded to round out and smooth edges. This is intended to give the final structure a smooth and organic shape. Sanding also is intended to seal the edges in order to keep water and unwanted substances out. This particular Tsubo house has a complicated and labor intensive process. The wood structure and shell must be constructed by hand , making the building and growing process long .. a possible reason as to why this is a theoretical project . To see if this could be a buildable project I attempted to make one on my own . I used Central park as my site and found the direction ffor the north star , wind, and orientation of sunrise. I arranged my program accordingly and got the results shown above.

CONCEPT

This small recyclable house is designed to be made and produced in its own lot. Two 9 x 9 spaces are created . One for production and one for building. the Tsubo house is built with the trees that are grown on the second lot.First the direction for each opening is calculated based on the basic needs to build and design a stable dwelling ( sunlight , wind north star and orientation of direction ) exits are located at the North ad West side of the dwelling. Once the openings are generated the enclosure and structure is generated around that.

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PRECIDENT STUDY 02 : COLONIA GUELL Antoni Gaudi Barcelona , Spain

Gaudis vision and sketches

Completed Building

INSPIRATION + EXPIRIMENTATION

Colonia Guell was commisioned by Count Eusebi de Guell. It was designed and built to be a space of worship for the people of Santa Coloma de Cervello. A manufacturing suburb in Barcelona, Spain.Gaudis inspiration for Colonia Guell came from the shape and structure of the Tortosie shell. The similarities between the shell and Gaudis project are clear when placed next to each other . Colonia Guell is an example of organic architecture that existed years before technology. Antoni Gaudi was fascinated by nature and the world around him. Colonia Guell was inpired specifically by the African Spurred Tortoise which is native to spain. The pattern and structure of this animal led Gaudi to the structural expirimentation and successful construction of the hyperbolic porabola which would evolve and continue into more of his projects. The Sagrada Familia is a result of his expiriments .The first structural expiriemtens began here with Colonia Guell . It took Gaudi 20 years to perfect the technique - he did several tests using life size models . Colonia Guell exists today , but only as the Crypt.The famous Catinary curve structure however is yet to be built.

STRUCTURE + APPLICATION

The technique used to achive the proper arch for the catinary cuve was produced with string, sandbags, wax and small pebbles. Life size models were created in order to get the best and most accurate results. string was hung from the ceiling and sandbags of various weights represented the loads that the arches needed to support at each distribution point. The arches were then “frozen” by applying wax to the string. When the wax dried and solidified the sandbags are removed and the arches are flipped to create life size self standing arches. The section above shows what the final product is supposed to look like. the crypt is fully built but needs to be restored. there is very little documentation on the arches as well . architects and engineers have been trying to decode gaudis unfinisheworks for years. there is no telling when Colonia Guell will be complete

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CORRECTIONAL FACILITY STATISTICS

CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES IN NEW YORK STATE

CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES IN NEW YORK CITY

NYS JUVINILE DETENTION FACILITES

There are several juvinile detention facilities in New York State. Many house kids whos parents decided they needed to learn a lesson in a harsh way. The issue with the prision system is that once you get in many dont get out. Not only is detention expensive , it is also harmful for the growth of a childs brain and well being. A study done at Arizona state Juvinile facility mentioned that 70 % of kids who were releasd returned within a year . The prision systems way of life is totally different and the way of life outside bars becomes something that the youth cannot handle or understand.

4” WINDOW FOR LIGHT

12’

15’

2’X7’ BUNK BED

SHARED TOLET / SINK

Typical cells are big enough to function in with the minimal amount of movement .Cells used to be single rooms but once over crowding began , single beds became bunk beds in order to accomodate more people, But rooms stayed the same size . Toilets and sinks are located in the cell with no privacy from your roomate . A typical window is 4 “ wide and is the only source of light most inmates get unless they have privlages to go outside. These accomodations are considered inhumane , because of the negative effects they have on humans . Vitmain D defficiancies and claustrophobia became common conditions many prisioners had after living in these small quarters.

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DETENTION DISRUPTS NATURAL ENGAGMENT ( SCHOOL, WORK, FAMILY)

2/3 OF YOUNG PEOPLE COULD MEET THE CRITERIA FOR HAVING A MENTAL DISORDER

1/3 WILL NEED ON GOING CLINICAL CARE X2 THE RATE OF THE GENERAL ADOLESCENT POPULATION

43 % OF YOUTH RECIVING REMEDIAL EDUCATION IN DETENTION DID NOT RETURN TO SCHOOL AFTER RELEASE

16 % ENROLLED BUT DROPPED OUT AFTER 5 MONTHS

COSTS THE PUBLIC 1.25-1.5 MILLION DOLLARS OF 20 YEARS

NYC DETENTION CENTERS

Many NYC detention centers are closed .One of the largest is Rikers Island. It is still currently running . A seperate wing handles the youth. you dont hear too many complaints come from the prisioners. In fact some people on Google were mentioning how much they like the food and how it feels like a hotel.

60% OF YOUTH HELD IN SECURE DETENTION RETURED WITHIN 3 YEARS OF RELEASE

PEER DEVIANCY TRAINING REPORTS SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER LEVELS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE, DELINQUENCY, VIOLENCE AND SCHOOL

DIFFICULTIES

-14% LESS LIKLEY TO COMMIT FUTURE CRIMES IN COMMUNITY BASED SETINGS

1/3 OF YOUNG PEOPLE WILL ENGAGE IN DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR AND WILL “AGE OUT”

COST PER YEAR :$32,000 ($87 P/D) - 65,000 (178 P/D)

70 % OF YOUTH HELD IN SECURE DETENTION RETURED WITHIN A YEAR OF RELEASE

DENSITY OF INMATES IN THE 5 BOROUGHS

The highest density of inmates occurs in Brooklyn.Typically after being released they end up being placed in special jobs and homes where they can re -gain confidence to survive life outside of jail , however most about 40 % of released adult inmates end up back in the system. The transition between prision and the real world is too drastic and they typically dont make enough money to survive.

RECIDIVISM ONCE YOU GET IN YOU CAN GET OUT

It is important to look at statistics for both children and adults in the system because many adults begin the vicious cycle around the age of 16. the age of rebellion . Most teens , about 1/3 of them will out grow delinquent bahavior . The other 2/3 continue to stay in the system. Most kids end up in prision for petty crimes and end up stuck there because they cant get a court date or pay bail.Helping kids understand their mistakes before its too late wil help them get out and stay out of the system

65-70%HAVE AT LEAST ONE DIAGNOSABLE

MENTAL DISPORDER

30%HAVE A DIAGNOSED LEARNING

DISABILITY

70%HAVE EXPIRIENCED A

TRAUMATIC EVENT

48%FUNCTION BELOW ACADEMIC

GRADE LEVEL

HAVE A HISTORY OF PHYSICAL ABUSE PRIOR

TO INCARCERATION

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PRECIDENT STUDIES + RESEARCH

DEPARTMENT OF YOUTH SERVICESDETENTION CENTER FOR GIRLSSYMMES MAINI + MCKEE ASSOCIATES, WESTBOROUGH MASS.

MODERN DETENTIONS CENTERS LOOK MORE LIKE SCHOOLS The recent contreversy of weather architects should be allowd to design prisions came up as a hot topic in 2015 . One of the detention facilities that got praise was the DYS Girls Faility in Massachusetts. It uses typical means of program plan such as symmetry , but it enhances its positivity by adding colors and large communal spaces , such as libraries , lunch rooms and lounges. Not only is the building designed on a lighter note but the staff is also trained to be respectful and kind to the girls. There are 5 wings where the rooms are built , they are oriented to get sunlight and a view, each wing has a shared lounge and activity room for studying and reading. Another important factor is that the restrooms and showeres are seperated from the sleeping area. Walls are only built where needed for privacy like in doctors rooms , offices and restrooms .This facility is build on a 50,000 square foot lot , with plenty of space , Most facilities are built in areas where lots of land is available , its cheaper and also safer, however the challenge is how does one incorperate the ideals of a “healthy” facility into a place like New York City and in one of the busiest districts of all.

GALLERY

SLEEPING QUARTERS

SHARED RESTROOMS

STORAGE

LUNCHROOM

KITCHEN

LAUNDRY

LOUNGE

SLEEPING QUARTERS

LIBRARY

CLASSROOMS

GYM

OFFICES

LUNCHROOM

KITCHEN

LAUNDRY

LOUNGE

STORAGE

NURSE

SHARED RESTROOMS

VISITORS ROOM

LOUNGE

SLEEPING QUARTERS SHARED RESTROOMS

OFFICES

The challenge is designing a vertical correctional facility , typically they are a single floor space , with many program functionalities, doctors and nurses offices , visiting areas and sleeping quearters. How can one have a vertical facility and still keep the number of staff at a decent number so that maintenence doesnt get expensive orover-whelming.

OFFICER

FAMILY / FRIENDS

INDIVUAL “OFFENDER”

OFFICES

PARKINGLOT

STORAGE MEETING ROOMS

ACTIVITIESCHORES

PERSONAL

COMMUNAL “CELL”

DROPOFF / PICKUP AREA

ART SPACE

GYM

KITCHEN

LAUNDRY ROOM

OUTDOOR SPACE

LIBRARY

ART GALLERY SPACE

Multiple program and adjacency diagrams were creted in order to understand what parts of the program should go together . Program was broken up into three parts which became three sections of the building( see page 18). Floors are seperated ito function as well as Public and private . The top most floors are where the kids will stay , while the middle section is for renters. The bottom floors are public and accessible to anyone, including the kids staying onthe top most floors. Extra security is provided to ensure the safety and well being of everyone expiriencing te facility .

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HALDEN PRISON ERIK MOLLER ARKITEKTER + HLM ARCKITECKTRE, NORWAY

MODERN DETENTIONS CENTERS AS MIXED USE BUILDINGS The Halden prision is in Norway . It is a maxium security facility but has absolutley no bars. No where in the campus do you feel like you are in a jail . Inmates get access to television and kitchens. A trust is built with corrections officers , in fact inmates and correctional offices often eat lunch together , there is respect and trust in the facility , the Officers believe that its the main reason for Haldens success. Since the prison was built in 2010 ther has not been a single escape attempt . There are gardens and murals. A thick concrete wall around the perimeter is a constant reminder of where the inmates are. The facility is more like a hotel than a prision but its successful in the sense that people inside understand they did something wrong and are in the facility to do time . However they feel respected and understand that they need to get out of there someday. There is the figurative punshment and the literal. Norway has also gotten rid of the death penalty in 2014 . The thick concrete wall stands about 20 feet tall, and can be seen from all windows of the facility . That itself has an effect on the inmates, they understand whats on the other side and they know they must do time to get to the other side of it. The curiosity and challenge is their reason to want to do well and get out. No phsycial punishment needed.

Community spaces are designated on all floors, but public spaces are designated with security between floors 8-12 . The higher floors are more secluded private. Furniture is replicated in the same fashion as the sleeping quarters to promote comfort and relaxation. openings in walls act as storage and seating for the residents. They are big enough for multiple people to sit and enjoy the exterior space . They are made out of a soft material to promote comfort and relaxation in the body. The openings in the walls contribute to natural light entering the space, even the rooms are about 20 feet deep .

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SITE : TIME SQUARE 42-47TH STREETS BTWN BROADWAY + 7 TH AVE ( THE BOWTIE)

Rhino model of site

Site map studies

SITE MOVEMENT

It is important to observe the site in many ways. How does pedestrian traffic move through the space but also how does automobile traffic move around the space. Time Square is very much

planned fo traveling on foot . Especially witht he new re design of the bowtie . The artistic site of Time square are also visbible every corner you turn . There are multiple ways in expressing yourself

and Time Square has them all Sound

Building Heights

Traffic Movement ( foot and Auto)

Natural Light Patterns

Views

BUILDING HEIGHTS + DESNITY OF ART IN TME SQUARE

Time Square has some of the tallest buildings in manhattan . One of them being the Conde Nast building . 4 Time Square stand at 1,118 feet . It is located on the corner of 42nd street and Broadway.

It is the tallest building in TIme Square . Each building has its on personality . Some buildings are oldeer than others and hae different textures. Many people dont look up when talking through Time

Square so a lot of details go unnoticed.

The density of art and creative entertainment fades out as you travel onto outside avenues which you cans ee in the diagram above. There is art and cretive expression through out Manhattan but Time

Square Has a very dense population of art and art culture. You have dancers , painters and Caricature skecters just to name a few .

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NATURAL LIGHT PATTERNS IN TIME SQUARE

Natural light is an important factor for any project. But how does it work in desnse cities that are filled with buildings and people ? the bow time acts as a funnel when it come to light. Light comes from 42nd street in the morning . Its a huge bust of light that shines through Time Square. Diagram 1 explains how materiality can effect the direction and travel of light . SUnlight fades towars the ground however the reflection from the surrounding buildings allows TIme Square to be bright.

Diagram 2 explains how the tall buildings can also become a vortex for light . because buildings are close together and have a rough texture , light can disssapear quickly . I decided to use the higher floors of 4 TIme Square for this purpose . Natural light is key in this project therefore it was the best candidate.

WHAT BUILDINGS IN TIME SQUARE HAVE THE BEST VIEWS?

Based on my project I knew I wanted to find the best suitable site for my project . I explored various building heights as well as their usage to see what would best fit my program . I did not want to tear any buildings down and Time Square is a praticulary packed site with no vacant lots. 4 Time square offers the est views being that it is the tallest building on the Bow Tie strip . The views o for blocks from all 4

sides of the building . Offering views to Bryant park and other main attracttions ( see diagram on page 13)

Diagram 1

Diagram 2

View Diagram View From 42nd street toward 8th ave

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SITE SELECTION + ANALYSIS

UNDERGROUND + GROUND+ AIR TRAFFIC AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE SPACE AND

PEOPLE

SIGHT SOUND TOUCH SMELL TASTE

TIME SQUARE IN THE DAYTIME TIME SQUARE AT NIGHT

WARMER COLORS ARE KNOWN TO BE MORE “ACTIVE”

COOL COLORS ARE KNOWN TO BE MORE CALM”

THESE ARE THE COLORS THE DOMINATE TIME SQUARE AT NIGHT. . REDS AND YELLOWS - PROMOTE ACTIVITY AND MOVEMNTDOMINANT COLORS IN THE DAY TIME

.COOL TONES - PRESENTS A CALM ENVIRONMENT

Sitting down to study Time Square starts up a reali-zation of many things. Sitting still and watching the world move around you helps to stop and observe.

DAY AND NIGHT... THE MOVEMENT DOESNT STOP .

Time Square is a sight for the senses . It is a mostly audio and visual . You can hear people, cars, and sirens. There are always people asking you to buy souvenirs and take pictures. the stores all have bright lights and greeters at the door asking you to come in . You can see people looking up and watching the screens . some of them even interact with the tourists. How does all this sound and movement effect the onlookers and tourists?

Color can effect people involuntarily

Warm colors from red to yellow can cause aggrivation but can also be comforting. Because there is so much color occuring on the outside of 4 time square it is best to keep the color inside to a minium. By decoding the most dominant colors and understanding where they are it also helped to decide where various spaces should go . Individual rooms would go where there are cooler colors like blues and greens , while rooms such as activity rooms would have views out to warm colors because they require activity.

APPLICATION + DESIGN

Detailing the interior of “the cell” designing the space based on research and findings

regarding comfort and self awareness

Creating a blurred effect in the winodows of the “cell” improves the enlcosed feeling that the individual rooms are meant to have. The only rooms that have these blurred windows are the personal rooms. The translucent windows are meant to tone down the bright colors that are coming from Time Squares sinage and buildings. The sleeping quarters and meant to be a personal space where a person can mediate and self reflect . The feeling of enclosure helps the individual in the process of relization and healing . By interacting with others and having time to be alone a person can truly understand their actions from the past and work more positivly toward their future .

WHAT CAN YOU SEE FROM INSIDE?

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COLORS IN ADVERTISTING

COLORS EFFECTS ON EMOTION

HOW DOES THIS TRANSLATE INTO BEHAVIOR?

HOW DOES THIS TRANSLATE INTO DESIGNING A SPACE?

EXCITMENT

AGGRIVATION

WARMTH

CONFIDENT

CALMING

REFRESHING

SITE SELECTION 4 Time Square is the address to my site. The Conde Nast building is the tallest building in Time Square , standing at 1,118 feet. It is the tallest building and has the most energetic and inspiring views. Its a land mark and thats why I chose it. The events that occur on the ground are visible . the constant movement and color allow a positive and vibrant expirience no matter where you are inside the building.

Adverising is a major part of Time Square . How do the colors and graphics effect the passerby and are these colors intentional ? Time Square literally never goes sleeps. In fact if Time Square goes dark... something is wrong. That is part of the attraction . The constant surprise of what you are going to see , hear or even smell . It is what attracts people to Time Square . You never know what you are going to get here but you always know its gonna be good.

BLURRY VIEW

POSITIVE RE- ENFOCEMENT CURIOSITY

SOFTENDED COLOR

REDUCES AGGRIVATING COLORS+ TENSION

View Diagram

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8 AM

8 PM

HOW DOES SOUNDTRAVEL?

WHERE DOES THE NOISE COME FROM ?

SOUND TRAVELS UPWARD Sound travels upward however it dissipates the higher it travels . If the source is from the ground and you are standing in the 20th floor of a building you will not be able to hear the noises as well as you would if you were on te 4th floor. Certains noises such as repeated beeps or sirens can cause anxiety . Soliatry rooms are placed be-tween the 30th and 40th floors to reduce the tension that may arise from the typical noises of Time Square.

TRAFFIC ON 42ND STREET Most people tend to gather around 4 Time Square.It is where H&M retail shop is as well as the N,Q,R and 1,2,3 stations . It is usually difficult to get around people on this corner .


At 8pm Time square is alot roudier. Depending on the season Time Square can get really hectic. People are everywhere and dont seem to be going to any specific direction. The plaza is full of entertainers and people and taking photos of everything. People who are trying to get to the train seem to have to dodge bodies every few steps. It becomes an unpleseant expirience between the hours of 5 pm to 10 pm .After 10 pm traffic and people start to settle down . People tend to go silent by 3 pm on weekenights. However the lights and big screens never go off .

Time Square is typicaly slow during morning rush hour. There are major train staion hubs on the north and souh end of the bowtie. Most pedestrian traffic is moving from either end . even though it is early everything is pretty slow . People are moving at a steady pace. There is a little bit of stop and go traffic because there are sometimes early morning news reports going on and tourist like to stop an watch . There is no public/ live entertainment happening at this time . The street entertainers typically start arriving around 12 pm. At 8 am its also very sunny around 42nd street .The sun shines straight down 43rd street. Even though there is a high density of tall buildings , on a nice day there is an ample amount of sunlight


SOUND FILTERS

ENVOKE CERTAIN BEHAVIOR BASED ON REQUIRMENTS OF SPACE

CLASSROOMS + LIBRARY

ENERGY

CONCENTRATION

LUNCH ROOMS + COMMUNITY LOUNGE

ENERGY

ENERGY

AWARENESS

AWARENESS

As the interior of a space can effect the mood of a person so can the exterior. Observing Time square from the outside brought fourth the issue of noise pollution , but how much of that noise can you hear inside? I took a seat in the third floor of a rester-aunt and observed what I could see and hear . Sometimes the sounds of sirens was so overwhelming I had to close my eyes. At times you could even hear the people in the streets laughing and conversating. Sound can travel to various heights . Especially in situations where a building is made mostly out of smooth materials such as glass and steel .

HOW DOES NOISE EFFECT CONCENTRATION?

Sounds can reverberate off the buildings and sound even louder than they actually are. Various program in the building needs a certain active ener-gy while other spaces in the building need minimum energy . For example classrooms are places which require a high level of concentration and energy . The are located in sound proof rooms with windows that allow the students to see the movements that are occuring outside. Muting noises will keep students from being distracted and movemnt will promote high energy levels in order to keep students active and participating .The views outside can even become a learning expirience in class.

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TOP NOISE COMPLAINTS

Construction

Garbage Trucks

Cars + Vehicular Traffic

Loud Conversations

C ell Phones

NOISE POLLUTION AND COMPLAINTS

Karl Sluiss came up with a map of the most common noise com-plaints in NYC. he created a map showing the density of various sounds and the most complaints that occured. 40,412 complaints were collected in 2012 . Karl men-tions “Noise complaints reveal the concentration of activity in the city as well as many smaller stories,” on a large scale the sounds tend to be more fascinating than a nuisssance.By blocking out the sounds one can enhance their sight and observe their suroundings rather than hear them. It could become an intresting source of inspiration in-side 4 time square to evoke a sense of curiosity in the kids . It becomes a small push to give the kids a reason to want to be free .

CONSTRUCTION AND SIRENS AMONG THE MOST COMPLAINED ABOUT NOISES

Some of the most complained about noises in Time Square come from Consturction and traffic. Contruction goes on all day in Time Square . I witnessed jackhammers at 8 am . and bulldozers at 2 am . Time Square is not residential . It is mostly a commercail site and the only people living there are in hotels . Sirens and horns are also the top complaints. Because 7th avenue and broadway cut through Tine Square alot of through traffic passes this site. Broaway is closed off in Time Square so it reduces some of the traffic , at the same time 7th avenue tends to get quiet congested .

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RESEARCH BASED OFF AIA JUSTICE FACILITIES REVIEW 2004-2014

WHAT DOES BASIC DESIGN NEED ? There are several factors of design that are important for the well being of a space as well as its dwellers

NATURAL + ARTIFICIAL LIGHT

ACTIVITIES + LARGE SPACES

JUVINILE JUSTICE FACILITIES THAT ARE DOING IT RIGHTMany facilities have been rewarded and noticed for their attention to design detail to make a place of correction comfortable and human as possible. from 2004 - 2014 and onward the AIA has release a code of ethics as well as a justice facilities report. It includes prisions and courthouses that are LEED certified and pay attention to the well being and design for positivity.It is important that each designer pays attention to detail as they do , translucent glass is used commonly to allow for maxium levels of natural light. In old prisions inmates were known to have vitamin D deficiencies because of the little sunlight they used to get . Activities and large space allows inmates to mingle and communicate .Various activities allow for people to keep busy and find hobbies that help them learn new skills. Drawing , cooking , baking etc.

8-12PUBLIC SPACE.GALLERIES.OFFICES.DOCTORS / TREATMENT

19-24

33-42ROOMS FOR YOUTH 150 FEMALES150 MALES OFFICES LOUNGES LAUNDRY RM

ROOMS FOR RENTINCLUDES ALL AMENTIES FROM UPPER FLOORS

BUILDING MECHANICAL ROOM

`B'

`A'RISER

PE-4

PE-3

PE-8

PE-7

PE-2

PE-1

PE-6

PE-5PE-27

PE-28

PE-29

PE-30

CE-26

PE-25

PE-24

ELEV

ELEV

STAIR

ELEV

ELEV

SHAFT

MACHINE

PE-11

PE-15

PE-14

PE-10

PE-9

PE-13

PE-12

PE-30

PE-20

PE-21

PE-22

PE-23PE-19

PE-18

PE-17

PE-16SE-32

SE-31

ELEV

ELEV

SHAFT

STAIR

ELEV

ELEV

ELEV ELEV

Leasing Group:Rocco Romeo 212.257.6630 [email protected]

Ashlea Aaron 212.257.6590 [email protected]

Ashley Gee 212.257.6596 [email protected]

Primary Property Contact:Thomas Bow212.257.6610

[email protected]

4 Times Square

The Durst OrganizationOne Bryant ParkNew York, NY 10036212.257.6600

Entire 4th Floor - Open Floor PlanSq. Ft.: 44,263

Type: Office

West 43rd Street

West 42nd Street

Broa

dway

IMAGINING THE SPACE

8th Floor Existing Plan 8th Floor Re - designed Plan

8TH FLOOR PROGRAMIncludes spaces for visitors , renters and children who are

entering the facility.

Library Classrooms Lunch rm

Visiting area Waiting room

Offices / admin

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COLOR + PATTERNS

PLAYFUL PLAN + STRUCTURE

IMPORTANT CONCEPTS + TECHNIQUES Colors and patterns are incorperated into floors and walls also to release some of the anxiety and tension that can come with being locked up . Light pastel colors can help make a person feel more calm and at ease. Colors and shapes can also be used on the exterior . It is the first thing you see when you walk up to a

facility and can take off a little bit of the pressure that come with the punishment.Windows and skylights helpt to bring in as much natural light as

possible . Even ligthing assists with keeping people calm and relaxed. LED and Flourescent bulbs are bright and can be harsh to the eye and brain . They are typically avoided in newer facilities for that reason. Some common concepts and techniques used in general prison plan are large open surroundings, a central

void where security is usually located . and an ample amount of indirect sunlight.

ARTIFICIAL LIGHT

WALLS ARE HALLOW FOR SYSTEMS AND ELECTRICTY

ARTIFICIAL LIGHT

LIGHT FLOWS FROM CEILING BOUNCES OF WALLS TO ILLUMATE SPACE

NATURAL LIGHT

FLOODS ARTIFICIAL TERRACE WITH LIGHT

White LightAggrivating - in an expiriment with hamsters, white light was shown to cause signs of stress. this type of light is straining on the eyes as well as the brain

WHAT KIND OF LIGHT WILL BE

MOST CALMING?

All rooms are come with a balcony that mocks the idea of being outdoors . Even though the sight gets a decent amount of sunlight through out the day it may not always reach its full capacity in the rooms. Factors like surrounding buildings and the transluscent glass can effect natural light levels . Artifical light is needed when sunlight isnt its strongest

Yellow LightStimulating - Yellow light is also known to cause aggrivation, However it can stimulate the nervous system and is often used in working spaces and commercial offices

Red Light Calming - red light has been proven to enhance mood and causes less depressive moods than yellow and white light.Can also help people sleep better at night

Blue LightCalming - in one city, Glassgow blue lights were installed in various neigborhoods. Crime rates were significantly in these areas

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ART THERAPY AND ITS EFFECTS ON “TROUBLED YOUTH”

WHAT ARE OTHER MEANS OF THERAPY THAT CAN BE USED TO

TEACH LIFE LONG LESSONS?

SUPPORTS POSITIVE SELF REGULATION

TRAUMA MEMORIES ARE ON A SENSORY LEVEL(RIGHT BRAIN DOMINANCE)

RECONNECTS SENSORY MEMORY TOEXPIRIENCIAL MEMORY

RESTORES SELFESTEEM

NATURAL ANTI DEPRESSANT

BENEFITS OF ART THERAPY

Close to home

Community + Group Environment

Choices

Trust + Respect

WHAT ARE OTHER SOLUTIONS

There are many types of therapies that have been used to help people cope with rough life expiriences. Art is a major part of New york City as well as a major part of Releasing tension in the justice system


Art therapy has been studied and used in many cases of incarceration. Studies show that Art therapy can reduce the stress levels in adults and children who are incarcerated. In one study art therapy helped to replace a young boys self mutilation habits. He began drawing and panting his thoughts and feelings on paper instead of his own body.Art has been a type of therapy for years. Many artists come from a troubled life. Art which develops in many mediums(music, painting photagraphy etc) becomes and escape . A way for people to say what they want to say by expressing it in an image. Not all people find it easy to speak about things that trouble them , A major issue in the prision system. People grow angry and have no way of release.

SOFT SURFACES

RELIEVE TENSION

ROUGH SURFACES

CAUSE TENSION

CAN TOUCH EFFECT BEHAVIOR?

Surface textures also have an effect on how sound gets absorbed , but texture can also effect how an individal feels in a space . Rough textures tend to cause anger, but help to absorb sound . Smoother surfaces relieve tension but can cause sounds to move around , causing noise to be louder and more iritating. The issue can be resolved by applying a rough texture where the noises are entering from (ex. glass windows) this will help to absorb some sound from the area that will most commonly be used (bedroom / study area). Time Square is a loud area most hours of the day and night . Textures of walls and fixtures will play a big part in reducing the stress and anxiety that can be caused from constantly listening to these sounds.

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MIKE KELLEY AN ARTIST WHO WAS INSPIRED BY HIS

TROUBLED PAST

Mike Kelley is one on many artists who used his anxiety and behavior as a release to

create works of art that would later on be showcased in museums all around the world.

He conncets alot of his pieces to his childhood memories - or lack of . Mike Kelley suffered from a condition called repressed memory syndrome. He used his work to re- collect his memeories and understand his past.

Mike Kelly’s use of stuffed animals and childhood refrences , evoke a sense of innocence that was missing during his childhood. Mike Kelley suffered from multiple traumatic expiriences that he chose to forget . Some say that this could have lead to his RMS ( represed memeory syndrom)but he depicted his memories in an altered form . He created things he remebered but couldnt speak about. A strong statement that can be undeerstood from his various works and writings.

Deodorized Central Mass with Satellites at MoMA ps1

Animal Self and Friend of Animal

Title unknown, at MoMA ps1Bee Beard 1985

33rd Floor

Interior walls are made to be painted or drawn on to promote self reflection through the idea of art. Art therapy is commonly used as a way for inmates and troubled children to release their emotions and anger. Many expiriments and tests have been successfully carried out in correctional facilities as well as hospitals. Art therapy has been proven to reduce the stress and anger levels in juviniles and adults . In addition to giving the kids creative freedom inside their personal spaces they get creative freedom through the building as well.The art produced by the residents may also be extracted and presented in the galleies on floors 8-12. This process promotes a sense of value and also builds confidence to have an individ-uals work presented and praised by the public,

Gallery space (1oth floor)

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HOW CAN THE RESEARCH AND FINDIINGS COME TOGETHER TO

PRODUCE A PROJECT THAT WILL WORK?

1 2 3 4 5

IMPLIMENTING PATTERN INTO DESIGN

COMBINING RESEARCH WITH DESIGN

The ancient chinese practice of Feng shui promotes the idea of balence. In each room contrast creates balanece.There are light and dark spaces as well and rough and smooth serfaces. All come togetheer to provide a sense of comfort and well being for the person expiriencing the space.

According to Pshycology Today and various studies harsh angles are known to cause tension and anxiety - going back to previous pattern studies I descided to use the corroded pattern to further design my project. As with al things , moderation is key . I decided to keep the partition walls between rooms straight as well as walls in the bathroom .

TRANSFORMATION OF CELL Based on pattern studies and analysis the typical cell has rounded exterior walls and straight interior walls which connect two rooms. each room has single or double occupancy spaces and includes storage for two , desk and bed space. there is also a semi outdoor terrace for every room . The windows are translucent glass so the view is blurred. It is meant to evoke a feeling of curiosity and wonder whats on the outside. Curved walls are hollow to allow for the passing through of HVAC electrical systems where needed and possible storage access.The walls create a cave like atmosphere . The “sleeping quarters” are meant to make the resident feel a sense of self awareness and relaxation.

ORGANIC SHAPES PROMOTE COMFORT

19th Floor

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ENCLOSED RESTROOMS WITH PERSONAL SHOWER

PERSONAL AND PRIVATE SPACE WITH ENOUGH SPACE

TO BE USED BY BOTH PARTIES

BUILT IN SEATING

LOUNGING AND PERSONAL “QUIET” SPACE

SHARED ROOMS -

PROMOTES COMMUNITY LIVING AND

COLLABORATION

ENCLOSED TERRACES

ALLOWS FOR NATURAL LIGHT TO ENTER SPACE AND GIVE

VIEWS

ROUNDED SURFACES & EDGES

LESS ANXIETY

RELATABLE PEOPLE

COMFORT + CALM

Floors 19- 24 are rooms open for rent . They are similar to the rooms on the above floors , only they have more freedom to roam around and come and go as they please. On the 8th floor there is a secuity checkpoint which must be passed before exiting the building . Room keys must be dropped off upon departure and picked up upon arrival for added security. The idea of having rooms for rent , is to pro-duce revenue for the facility and also expose the facility and its cause to the public. Individuals who have gone to prision tend to get a bad wrap with the general public . Here they are exposed to the positive changes that the kids are making and may even have the oppertunity to sit down and have lunch with the kids who are under minimum survallience . The exposure is meant to prove a point , that everyone makes mistakes but people have the ability to learn and grow from them . It all a matter of positive re - enfocment and educating the public on shutting down stigmas and stereotypes. The 33rd to 42nd floors are for the youth who will be staying in the facility. The floors are split up for 150 boys and 150 girls . each floor can house a minimum of 40 people . Rooms are designed to hold two kids per room in order to promote partnership and community living. Being able to share expirience and thoughts with with a person helps to ease internal tension and anger.

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Design 8 - Production + Detail

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Transparency + Transfomability

Pattern analysis from D7 had me thinking further into how the facility can do the opposite of the correctional facilities that exist today . How can I get rid of the heavy and intimidating feeling and create a place thats lighter and more free .

Correality + Biotechnique

The endless space comes from the idea that the organic form makes a space feel more infinite due to the fact ight refelcts better off of

rounded spaces and that angles block the maximum amount of sunlight to enter a space.

Endless House - Fredrick Kiesler

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ACCESS 1 - 41SKIPS

19 - 24

ACCESS 1 - 24

NOT IN USE

8th Floor Plan ( lobby )

Floor PlansFloors 8-12 are open to the public and house program that is needed by both the indivuals being rehabilitated and by the curious public. The direct tran-sition and communtication allows for a more stable healing process and helps to develop social skills that are needed

int he real world.

Program

GalleriesClassrooms

LibraryRestrooms

Waiting roomHolding + CheckpointFamily + Visiting roomStaff + Security Offices

security Booths

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22nd Floor Plan

Floor Plans

Floors are divided into threetypes The middle section (floors 19-24) Ae rentable space for the public. It becomes a chance to expose the project and make it easier for the general public to undesrtand how this can help the people in need.

Program

Sun Room Single + Double Occupancy Rooms

24 enclosed terraces( in Rooms)Shared Restrooms w/ Shower

Gym Computer Room

Lounge + TV RoomAccesible Terrace

Security OfficeSecuirty Checkpoint

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32nd Floor Plan

Floor Plans

Floor Plans are designed around exist-ing core of 4 Time square and Dorm

spaces are also designed around the correalist

theory. All walls form an organic cave like shape which premotes tranquility and peace in space and in an individual

Program

Sun Room 24 rooms for girls

24 enclosed terraces( in Rooms)Shared Restrooms w/ Shower

Art StudioComputer Room

Lounge + TV RoomAccesible Terrace

Security OfficeSecuirty Checkpoint

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1,118’

BLENDED PROGRAM

PUBLIC PROGRAM

PRIVATE PROGRAM

SEPERATE ORGANIZATION OF PROGRAM CONNECTION BETWEEN PUBLIC + PRIVATE FORM EXPLORES 360 VIEW GREEN TERRACES PROMOTE HEALTHY LIVING

1,118’

BLENDED PROGRAM

PUBLIC PROGRAM

PRIVATE PROGRAM

TALLEST BUILDING IN TIME SQUARE POPULAR RESTING SPOT MULTIPLE TERRACE SPACES VERIETY OF VIEWS

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Underlay Existing Structure + Overlay New Program

Structure Diagram Transparency Diagram General Programmatic Diagram

Because my project uses the existing building i had to make sure i worked around the existing structure. The curved and morphed walls worked well for this because they can be manipulated and moulded according to the required sqaure footage. I created the general shape and push and pulled vaious points to make sure each room than ended up a general 600 sq ft.

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Large Scale - Small Scale

20’

30’

Typical Room Criteria

Light �xtures allow for reading and activities

Wall transforms into desk for studies

light illuminates from walls for a suttle glow into the space

curves allow for ligth to bounce o� surfaces toenhance light which mocks natural sunlight

Each Room is Equipped with a wall that can become any object needed .

table Seating Storage space

Rooms are also eqipped with Bathrooms with full shower,toilets and two sinks. all are enclosed in solid orthagonal walls for privacy and dignity

Walls are hollow in between for lighting which illuminates through the Light Illuminating concrete. A thin Layer of con-crete is poured and cast in order to create the form . Artificial light behind the walls allows for a smooth and slightly dim light to mock natural light that would not exist 24 hours a day

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Interior Rendering of a room looking North East

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Concept Diagram Based of “Endless House” Study

1:1 Scale model Process Images

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Process Images

Materials Used for Model

Plywood SheetsRecycled 2x4Canvas Sheet

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Detail of Glass window

Existing sustainable Mechanichal system is utizlized in new program

Facade + Details

Facade is made with Cop-per sheets . The large copper sheets are formed to the shape and become more beautiful with age . the copper symbol-

izes growth and healing . As weathering turns copper a grenish blue that slowly grows onto the shiny or-ange and browns of new cop-

per.

The glass in each room is trans-lucent , blurring the vision of the view outside. It is a way to make people feel less comfort-able but at the same time en-vokes a sense of curiosity . This gesture inspires the dwellers to want to leave the facility even though rooms are spacious and

bright

The open plan with minimal furniture give the dweelers the freedom and independence to make the sapce their own . and concrete walls allow for cre-ativity to deveope inside the individual rooms and outside

them as well .

Creating a positive space for people of trama is key to make them better. By giving them a comfortable and self medita-tive space it allows for inner healing as well as healing in

the community

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Indigenous foliage from New York is placed on balconies spreading visual and aromatic experiences that heighten the senses and promote thewell being by negating the lack of green that exists in Time Square

HydrengiaNew York Astor Forsythia

Wall seating creates openings in wall which allow for more natural light to enter the space as well as a calming lounge space for youth to engage in various activities such as reading or meditating

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Exterior Day + Night Renderings

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FInal Model Photos

People are color coded according to how various program is designed to make a person feel

Warm colors (yellow orange) thought provoking and stimulating program such as gelleries and community spaces Cool Colors ( purple Blue ) calming for interior rooms and thereputic spaces. Green - represnt serentiy that comes from foliage that is planted Red - used for security personnel Pink a flourescent colors are used in public spaces and activity rooms such as the gym and community floors where movement and communication occurs

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SOURCES

Romney. "What Knd of Prision Might the Inmates Design." Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times, n.d. Web. 14 Feb. 2016.

Newspaper Articles

Marueie, Kristine. "13 Seriously F--ked Up Things About Women And Girls In Prison." News. MTV News, n.d. Web. 14 June 2015.

Web Articles

Benko, Jessica. "Prison Planet." The New York Times. The New York Times, 28 Mar. 2015. Web. 1st June 2015.

Bozelko, Chandra. "Prisons That Withhold Menstrual Pads Humiliate Women and Violate Basic Rights | Chandra Bozelko." The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 12 June 2015. Web. 2 July 2015.

Crow, Kelly. "The Escape Artist." Wall Street Journal. N.p., n.d. Web.

Ciotti, Gregory. "Color Psychology: How Colors Influence the Mind." Psychology Today. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Feb. 2016.

Gussak, David. "Using Art to 'Touch' Someone in a Juvenile Detention Center." Psychology Today. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Sept. 2015.

http://www.gaudicoloniaguell.org/en/history/gaudis-crypt-history

Naja, Ramzi. "AD Classics: Colònia Güell / Antoni Gaudí." ArchDaily. N.p., 24 Jan. 2013. Web. 30 Sept. 2015.

http://www.barcelonayellow.com/bcn-photos/86-pictures-colonia-guell

https://www.casabatllo.es/en/antoni-gaudi/guell-crypt/

"4 Times Square." 4 Times Square. Durst Organization, n.d. Web. 4th Oct. 2015.

"Home." 4 Times Square. N.p., n.d. Web. 5th Oct. 2015.

Macia, Enrique, Elizabeth Minnis, Herbert Herbert, Catherine Chan, and Linda Bernauer. "AIA Justice Facilities Review." AIA.org. N.p., 2012. Web.

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Buikema, Clifford. "Implications." Ethics and Design of Correctional Facilities 04.04 (2002): 1-5. Informedesign.umn.edu. Web.

Holman, Barry, and Jason Ziedenburg. "The Dangers Of Detention." The British Medical Journal 1.4199 (2004): 1-20. Web.

Art Works

Expo 1. Oct. 2004. Mike Kelley Works. Long Island City, Queens

Journals

Audio

KOFMAN, JEFFREY. "In Norway, A Prison Built On Second Chances." Npr.org. N.p., 2 June 2015. Web

Books

Hwang, Irene, Guillermo Brotons, Carmen Galán, and Dolors Soriano. Natures. Barcelona: Actar, 2006. Print.

Chak, Tings. Undocumented: The Architecture of Migrant Detention. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print.

Botton, Alain De. The Architecture of Happiness. New York: Vintage, 2008. Print.

Li, Xiaolong. Li. Nanning Shi: Guangxi Ren Min Chu Ban She, 1993. Print.

Jeffreys, Derek S. Spirituality in Dark Places: The Ethics of Solitary Confinement. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013. Print.

Dostert, Mark. Up in Here: Jailing Kids on Chicago's Other Side. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print.

Iliescu, Sanda. The Hand and the Soul: Aesthetics and Ethics in Architecture and Art. Charlottesville: U of Virginia, 2009. Print.

thesis portfolio

Documents