thermal energy storage for industry decarbonization
TRANSCRIPT
Integration of a new thermal energy storage inelectrical grids: power supply and control options
Magaldi Power S.p.A. - Salerno
A. Scafuri, F. Bassetti, L. Magaldi
SEPTEMBER 07° 2021
Techno-economic
optimization
to increase efficiency
keeping costs low
to reduce costs, without
consistent performance
drop
Modular system,multiple modules
can be used together
Cost-effective,since uses poor and
easy-to-find materials
Provides grid services tothe power system, through
demand side response
Eco-friendly,with low impacton environment
Safe operation,no dangerous or
poisonus materials
Featuresand benefits
6
Publications
M. Scanzano, M.C. Falvo, A. Scafuri, F. Bassetti,L. Magaldi, “Integration of a new thermalenergy storage in electrical grids: powersupply and control options”, 2021 IEEEInternational Conference on Environment andElectrical Engineering (EEEIC21)
M.L. Di Somma, M.C. Falvo, G. Graditi, M.Manganelli, M. Scanzano, M. Valenti,”Integration of renewable energy sources intransmission grids: issues and perspectives”,2021 IEEE International Conference onEnvironment and Electrical Engineering(EEEIC21)
Context1
Problem:global warmingand climate change
International efforts:decarbonization targets(CO2 emissions reduction)
Solution: development ofrenewable energy sources(especially wind and solar)
Fact: power varieswith weather conditions
Effect:power system problems,low adequacy and stability
Increasing risk ofblackouts and outages
Solution: use ofenergy storage systems
Optimization
of the operation
to improve system
control algorithms and
energy management
to find the best
market strategy
… depending on thecomponents included
Systemcomponents
3
A. Electrical heatersfor electric energy input
B. Serpentine tubes forthermal energy input or output(through a heat transfer fluid)
The system can exchange electric energy («Power») thermal energy («Heat»)
C. Steam turbine and generatorfor electric energy output(through Rankine cycle)
In many applicationsthe heat transfer fluidis superheated steam
In many applications, only1 input and 1 output are needed
With all the components, thesystem is a hybrid energy hubwith 2 inputs and 2 outputs
Systemconfigurations
4
Commitmentand construction
System operation,technology use
Systemoptimization
Innovative technology forthermal energy storage
Energy is storedas sensible heat …
Module walls havethermal insulationfor minimal heat loss
… into a fluidized bedof solid particles …
Developed by the Italian company Magaldi Power
Techonologyoverview
2
… enclosed in ametal container,called «module»
Thermal energy storage
First ideas andconcept design
Preliminary studies, based on steady-statesimplified models
Research roadmap
9
WE ARE HERE
Heaters power
supply options8
Two different electrical energy sourcesare considered in this work
a PV plantor other DC source
Most competitive resistors supply: DCwith DC/DC power conversion system
==
the AC gridwith unidirectional power flow
Most competitive resistors supply: ACconnected with transformers + OLTCs
𝑃𝑅
𝑃𝑃𝑉
𝑃𝐺𝑅𝐼𝐷
a PV plant + the AC gridwith bidirectional grid power flow
𝑃𝑅 = 𝑃𝐺𝑅𝐼𝐷 + 𝑃𝑃𝑉
Energy conservation must be met(power losses are neglected)
~=
AC-supplied
resistors
DC/AC inverter sizing:based on the PV plant
Most competitive solution if thegrid provides the majority of power
𝑃𝐺𝑅𝐼𝐷 > 𝑃𝑃𝑉
==
==
~=
DC-supplied
resistors
AC/DC converter sizing: based on grid connection
𝑃𝐺𝑅𝐼𝐷 < 𝑃𝑃𝑉
Most competitive solution if thePV provides the majority of power
Sapienza University of Rome
M. Scanzano, M. C. Falvo
for industry decarbonization
Traditional system
Power-To-Heat applications5
ELECTRICAL
HEATERS
STEAM
TUBES
FLUID
BED
RENEWABLE
SOURCES
PROCESS
HEATING
STEM®-RESIntegrated module
EMISSIONSFUEL COMBUSTION PROCESS
HEATING
+
High decarbonization potential
for energy-intensive industrial plants
STEAM
TUBES
FLUID
BED
POWER
GRID
RENEWABL
E
SOURCES
STEAM
TUBES
PROCESS
HEATING
WASTE
HEAT
ELECTRIC
ENERGY
THERMAL
ENERGY
Work in progress
Development of integrated software tools for:
System simulation and
performance assessment
technical: losses
environmental:
emissions reduction
economical: total costs
Heaters power
control options7
Heaters must act as a controllable load:a power control mechanism is needed
=~ Since they are resistive elements,heaters can be supplied with AC or DC
AC-supplied
resistors
DC-supplied
resistors
Power control using: DC/DC converters
==
Power control using: On Load Tap Changers (OLTCs) Star-Delta reconfiguration
Y
System simulationfor performance estimation
Scale-size prototypesat Magaldi factory inBuccino (near Salerno)
Experimental testson prototypes formodels validation
In-depth studies,based on dynamiccomplete models
ENERGY
INPUTS
ENERGY
OUTPUTS
STEM®-RES Hybrid Energy
Hub
Fluidization airsuction system
MGTESMagaldi Green Thermal Energy
Storage
Fluidizationair blower
Fluidization airdistribution system
Integratedmodule
Air filterand fan
Air pre-heater