theo 530 term paper tongues

8/9/2019 Theo 530 Term Paper Tongues

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LIBERTY THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY

ARE TONGUES FOR TODAY; AN ASSESSEMENT OF THE STRENGTH OF THE

CESSATIONIST ARGUMENT.

A Term Paper Submitte t!

Libert" T#e!$!%i&a$ Semi'ar"

i' partia$ (u$(i$$me't !( t#e re)uireme't*

(!r &!mp$eti!' !( t#e &!ur*e+

THEO ,-

SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY

B"C#a*e A. T#!mp*!' / 01-2

L"'bur%+ 3ir%i'ia

4u'e 02


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Table of Contents

I. Introduction.............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

II. Brief History..................................................................................................................... .........

III. The Cessationist Argument and Rebuttal. .................................................................. .........

IV. Conclusion....................................................................................................................... .......

Bibliograhy.......................................................................................................................... .......


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Introduction

O'e !( t#e m!*t &!'tr!5er*ia$ a' i5i*i5e t#e!$!%i&a$ i**ue* t#at t#e ur #a*

6re*t$e 6it# i' t#e $a*t 7 "ear* i* t#e )ue*ti!' !( t!'%ue*; 'ame$"+ i* t#e *piritua$ %i(t

!( t!'%ue* *ti$$ bei'% %i5e' b" G! t! t#e ur t!a"8 T#at t#ere i* e5ie'&e !(

i*a%reeme't+ e5e' am!'% e5a'%e$i&a$* &a' be (!u' b" *ur5e"i'% t#e 5ari!u* e(i'iti!'*

%i5e' (!r t#e %i(t. T#e A'!r Bib$e Di&ti!'ar" e(i'e* t#e %i(t !( t!'%ue* a* 9E&*tati&

uttera'&e a**!&iate 6it# p!**e**i!' !( t#e H!$" Spirit.:7 a"'e Gruem+ i' #i*

S"*temati& T#e!$!%"+ e(i'e* *pea


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*!me6#at be"!' t#e *&!pe !( t#i* pr!?e&t. T#e met#! !( a'*6eri'% t#i* m!*t

&!'tr!5er*ia$ )ue*ti!' 6i$$ be t! e>ami'e a' a**e** t#e *tre'%t# a' 5a$iit" !( t#e

5ari!u* &e**ati!'i*t ar%ume't* t#r!u%#!ut ur #i*t!r" a' t#eir &!u'ter ar%ume't* a*

put (!rt# b" '!'&e**ati!'i*t*. T#e &!'&$u*i!' 6i$$ e>ami'e t#e re*u$t* !( t#at a'a$"*i*

a' etermi'e 6#i ar%ume't #a* t#e m!*t merit. T#e %i(t !( t!'%ue* repre*e't* a

u'i)ue i**ue 6it#i' t#e e5a'%e$i&a$ ur. T#e '!rma$ &e**ati!'i*t per*pe&ti5e i* t#at t#e

ar%ume't t#at t#e" !((er (!r t#e &e**ati!' !( t#e %i(t !( t!'%ue* i* *tr!'% e'!u%# t! 'u$$i("

!r !5ertur' a Pau$i'e ire&ti5e+ t#at i*+ t! '!t (!rbi *pea


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A* a rea&ti!' t! t#e Pe'te&!*ta$ *tirri'%* !( t#e ear$" t6e'tiet# &e'turie*+

Pri'&et!' T#e!$!%ia' B.B. ar(ie$ 6r!te 6#at 6a* pr!bab$" t#e m!*t &!mpre#e'*i5e

a' etai$e treatme't !( t#e %i(t !( t!'%ue* a' !t#er mira&u$!u* %i(t* i' #i* 6!r< &a$$e

C!u'ter(eit Mira&$e*. I' it #e 6rite*+ 9Be&au*e C#ri*t i* a$$ i' a$$+ a' a$$ re5e$ati!' a'

reempti!' a$i


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repre*e't b!t# *ie* !( t#i* ar%ume't; t#e" repre*e't t#!*e (r!m a 6ie e'!mi'ati!'a$

ba&


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T#ere are a (e6 ari*mati& t#e!$!%ia'* t#at 6!u$ i*pute Dr. Gruem+ m!*t

e5a'%e$i&a$* a' t#e &e**ati!'i*t* !' t#i* i**ue+ am!'% t#em (!rmer Da$$a* T#e!$!%i&a$

Semi'ar" pr!(e**!r 4a&< Deere. Dr. Deere ar%ue* t#at Pau$ 'e5er app$ie* t#e term

charisma t! ap!*t$e*#ip+ t#at t#ere 6ere m!re Ne6 Te*tame't ap!*t$e* $i*te t#a' ?u*t

Pau$ a' t#e t6e$5e @Bar'aba*+ 4e*u*= br!t#er 4ame*+ Si$a*+ A'r!'i&u* a' 4u'ia*+ a'

t#at be&au*e Pau$ 6ar'* a%ai'*t (a$*e ap!*t$e*+ it i* p!**ib$e t#at !t#er* &!u$ #a5e t#at

e*i%'ati!' a' '!t be am!'% t#e t6e$5e.7 Dr. Deere !e* '!t attempt t! &!'&$u*i5e$"

pr!5e t#at t#e %i(t !( ap!*t$e i* *ti$$ a&ti5e+ !'$" t! *pe&u$ate !' t#e p!**ibi$it". He

&!'&$ue* t#at *e&ti!' b" p!*iti'% t#at e5e' i( t#e ap!*t$e %i(t #a* &ea*e+ t#e' it !e* '!t

'e&e**ari$" mea' t#at t#e %i(t !( t!'%ue*+ !r a'" !t#er %i(t #a* &ea*e. 0

Per#ap* t#e primar" ar%ume't t#at i* %i5e' (!r t#e &e**ati!' !( t!'%ue* i* (!u' i'

7*t C!ri't#ia'* 7-+ 6#ere Pau$ 6rite* t#at t!'%ue* 6i$$ &ea*e+ !r be *ti$$e 6#e'

9per(e&ti!' &!me*:.07 Ma'" i' t#e &e**ati!'i*t &amp &!'*ier t#e per(e&ti!' re(erre t!

#ere a* t#e &!mp$eti!' !( t#e Ca'!' !( *&ripture. T#e t#ru*t !( t#e ar%ume't i* t#at

be&au*e G!=* ($a6$e** re5e$ati!' #a* bee' %i5e' t! u* i' t#e Bib$e; 6e '! $!'%er #a5e

'ee !( a'" e>tra Bib$i&a$ re5e$ati!'. T#i* 6a* ar(ie$=* p!*iti!'+ a* '!te ab!5e+ a' i*

a$*! #e$ b" ma'" !t#er* i' t#e &e**ati!'i*t m!5eme't. F!rmer *emi'ar" Dea' i$$iam

Be$$*#a6 6rite*+ 9Si'&e t#e Ne6 Te*tame't 6a* '!t &!mp$ete+ t#e %i(t 6a* 'eee t!

7 Deere+ -ac S&rprise/ by the oer o' the Spirit @Gra' Rapi* !'er5a'+ 7- 01001, I'

aiti!'+ Dr. Deere ar%ue* t#at it i* p!**ib$e t#at t#e %i(t !( ap!*t$e #a* &!'ti'ue+ primari$" be&au*e t#eBib$e 'e5er a((irm* t#at it #a* e'e. He i* &auti!u* #!6e5er+ t! i*ti'%ui*# bet6ee' t#e !ri%i'a$ 70

ap!*t$e* 6it# Pau$ a' !t#er* 6#! mi%#t #a5e t#at %i(t+ a' t! '!te t#at t#e peri! !( ai'% re5e$ati!' t!t#e *&ripture i* &$!*e. It i* '!te #ere t#at Dr. Deere=* b!!< &!u$ be &!'*iere a p!pu$ar *!ur&e+ but @$i


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5a$iate t#e me**a%e 6#i 6a* bei'% preae. A(ter t#e &a'!' !( t#e Bib$e 6a*

&!mp$ete+ t#i* %i(t 6a* '! $!'%er 'e&e**ar".:00 Be$$*#a6 (urt#er ar%ue* t#at t#e per(e&t+

me'ti!'e b" Pau$ i' 7*t C!ri't#ia'* 7- re(er* '!t t! t#e &!mi'% !( C#ri*t+ *i'&e t#e

a?e&ti5e 9per(e&t: i* i' t#e 'euter %e'er+ t#ere(!re it mu*t re(er t! t#e &!mp$eti!' !( t#e

&a'!'.0- 4!#' Ma&Art#ur+ i' #i* &!mme'tar" !' 7*t C!ri't#ia'* 6rite* *imi$ar$"+

9Re5e$ati!' !( G!=* !r 6a* &!mp$ete+ #!6e5er+ 6#e' t#e Ne6 Te*tame't 6a*

&!mp$ete+ a' t! t#at '!t#i'% i* t! be ae !r *ubtra&teJT#e &!'(irmi'% purp!*e !(

t!'%ue* 6a* &!mp$ete.:01 Gi$bert ea5er a$*! ta


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'!te*+ 9It *eem* i'e*&apab$e t#at a re(ere'&e t! &!mp$ete &a'!' a$!'e &a''!t *ati*(" t#e

i$$u*trati!' %i5e' i' 5er*e 70.:0 T#u*+ t#e p!**ibi$it" !( 7*t C!ri't#ia'* 7- re(erri'% t! t#e

&e**ati!' !( t!'%ue* 6#e' t#e &a'!' !( *&ripture i* &!mp$ete i* '!t a%ree up!' b" a$$ i'

t#e &e**ati!'i*t &amp.

Ot#er &e**ati!'i*t* ar%ue t#at t#e per(e&ti!' t#at Pau$ i* re(erri'% t! #a* t! ! 6it#

t#e (u$$ e*tab$i*#me't !( t#e ur. Marti' Lut#er appare't$" #e$ t! t#i* p!*iti!'+

6riti'% t#at t!'%ue* 6ere %i5e' a* a *i%'+ but 6#e' t#e ur #a bee' %at#ere a'

&!'(irme b" t#e mira&u$!u* *i%'*+ t#e 5i*ib$e *e'i'% (!rt# !( t#e H!$" Spirit @i'&$ui'%

t!'%ue* 6a* '! $!'%er 'e&e**ar".

0

Dr. T#!ma* be$ie5e* *imi$ar$"+ t#at Pau$ i* re(erri'%

t! maturit" i' t#e ur+ a' a* t#e B!" !( C#ri*t %re6+ at *!me p!i't+ &!'ti'ui'%

re5e$ati!' be&ame '! $!'%er 'e&e**ar".0

M!*t '!' &e**ati!'i*t* ar%ue t#at 7*t C!ri't#ia'* 7- re(er* t! t#e *e&!' &!mi'% !(

4e*u*+ t#u* t#e %i(t* me'ti!'e 6i$$ be t#e!reti&a$$" !perati5e u'ti$ t#e'. Dr. Gruem

*ar!'i&a$$" !b*er5e* t#e *tra'%e'e** !( Pau$ a**uri'% t#e C!ri't#ia'* t#at $!5e i* *!

amai'% be&au*e it 6i$$ $a*t at $ea*t -, m!re "ear*+ u'ti$ t#e &a'!' i* &!mp$ete.- Hi*

p!i't i* t#at Pau$ i* &!'tra*ti'% t#i* a%e+ 6it# t#e a%e t! &!me a' t#at $!5e 6i$$ be

perma'e't+ '!t *imp$" e'ure be"!' ap!*t!$i& a%e. Dr Gruem a$*! pr!p!*e* t#at 9(a&e

t! (a&e: i* a &!mm!' O$ Te*tame't 6a" !( epi&ti'% a meeti'% 6it# G!+ a' t#u* Pau$

0 T#!ma*+ R!bert. 9T!'%ue*Ji$$ Cea*e: @ -o&rnal o' the 5vangelical Theological Society 1+ no.

2 @Spri'%+ 71 - T#!ma* a$*! )u!te* a'!t#er &e**ati!'i*t+ S. Le6i* 4!#'*!'+ 6riti'% i' t#e 720"&$i((e Bib$e C!mme'tar"+ 9T#at 6#i i* per(e&t &a''!t be a re(ere'&e t! t#e &!mp$eti!' !( t#e &a'!' !(

*&ripture.:

0Ku!te (r!m Le6i*+ arre'+ 6itnesses to the Holy Spirit @3a$$e" F!r%e 4u*!' Pre**+ 7+ 7- I #a5e$!!


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i* ta$


12/29

!( t!'%ue* i* t! atte*t t! t#e %!*pe$+ re(ere'&i'% 7*t C!ri't#ia'* 7100.-, T#i* i* a %e'era$

t#eme (!u' i' m!*t &e**ati!'i*t t#!u%#t t#e %i(t !( t!'%ue*+ a' t#e !t#er mira&u$!u*+

!r 9*i%': %i(t* are (!r t#e purp!*e !( atte*ti'% t! t#e ap!*t$e*+ !r atte*ti'% t! t#e me**a%e

!( t#e ap!*t$e*+ a' are '! $!'%er 'eee. A* Ma&Art#ur 6rite*+ 9T!'%ue* #a* &ea*e

be&au*e it* purp!*e a* a &!'(irmi'% *i%' !( ap!*t!$i& aut#!rit" a' !&tri'e e'e 6#e'

t#e Ne6 Te*tame't 6a* &!mp$ete.:-2

a$5!!r=* re(ere'&e ab!5e t! 7*t C!ri't#ia'* 7100 a* a 'e6 t6i*t !r ept# t!

t#i* parti&u$ar &e**ati!'i*t ar%ume't. T#e e**e'&e !( it i* t#at be&au*e Pau$ *a"* t#at

t!'%ue* are a *i%' (!r u'be$ie5er*+ a' be&au*e #e re(ere'&e* I*aia# i' t#e pre5i!u* 5er*e+

6#! *p!


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5a$i t!a"+ t#e' t!'%ue* i* 5a$i+ i( t#e purp!*e i* '!t 5a$i t!a"+ t#e' t!'%ue* i* '!

$!'%er u*e(u$.- He (urt#er rea*!'* t#at be&au*e t#e %i(t i* ire&te t!6ar t#e 4e6i*#

pe!p$e+ a' be&au*e pa**a%e* $ip!*iti!' !' 7*t C!ri't#ia'* 7071. I' e>ami'i'% t#e atte*tati!' ar%ume't !(

&e**ati!'i*t*+ #e be$ie5e* t#at it i* pr!5ab$e !'$" i( it &a' be *#!6' t#at atte*tati!' i* t#e

!'$" purp!*e !( t#e %i(t !( t!'%ue*/!t#er mira&u$!u* %i(t*. Car*!' p!i't* !ut t#at t#e

mira&$e* !( 4e*u* '!t !'$" atte*te t! Hi* me**a%e+ but a$*! t! t#e 'e6 a%e He 6a*

i'au%urati'%. He (urt#er !b*er5e* *!me (u'ame'ta$ i((ere'&e* i' t!'%ue* a* i*p$a"e

i' A&t* a' 7*t C!ri't#ia'*+ 6riti'% t#at t!'%ue* i' t#e epi*t$e ma" be u*e i' pri5ate+

mu*t be tra'*$ate i' pub$i&+ a' *er5e '! appare't purp!*e !( atte*tati!'. 1 Dr. Deere+ i'

- I tru*t t#i* i* a %!! *ummati!' !( Dr. H!%e* )u!te+ 9I( t#e Bib$i&a$$" re5ea$e purp!*e !( t#i*

%i(t be a' a%e$!'% purp!*e+ it i* pr!per t! $!!< at t!'%ue* a* a' a%e$!'% *piritua$ ma'i(e*tati!'. I(+ !' t#e!t#er #a'+ t#e Bib$i&a$$" re5ea$e purp!*e !( t#e %i(t be temp!rar"+ 6e *#a$$ #a5e rea*!' (!r re%ari'% t#e

%i(t it*e$( a* temp!rar" a' 6i$$ be (!r&e t! 5ie6 m!er' &$aim* t! it* p!**e**i!' a* a&tua$$" $a&


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are**i'% t#i* *ame i**ue !( atte*tati!' a*


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ar%ume't !((ere #ere i* '!t a primar" &e**ati!'i*t ar%ume't+ but mere$" u*e t! a

6ei%#t t#e !t#er ar%ume't*; i' *um+ t#e &e**ati!'i*t are ar%ui'% (!r t#e re$ati5e

u'imp!rta'&e !( t!'%ue* ba*e !' it appeari'% i' !'$" t6! Ne6 Te*tame't 6!r


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a'"t#i'% t! ! 6it# em!' p!**e**i!' !r '!t a' t#u* pr!5e* '!t#i'%.,0 Deere (urt#er

'!te* t#at be&au*e *e5era$ !( t#e $ater epi*t$e* 6ere 6ritte' (r!m pri*!'+ t#e" mi%#t 6e$$

be e>pe&te t! be $e** (i$$e 6it# mira&$e* t#a' t#e !t#er*+ a' (i'a$$" p!*it* t#at it i*

p!**ib$e t#at Pau$=* a**!&iate* 6ere '!t #ea$e *imp$" be&au*e G! i '!t e*ire (!r

t#em t! be #ea$e. He )ue*ti!'* 6#" G! mi%#t 6it#ra6 Pau$=* #ea$i'% %i(t*+ a' $ea5e

#i* pr!p#eti& %i(t* i'ta&t+ a' 6#ere a'" *&ripture mi%#t imp$" t#e p!**ibi$it" !( *u a

t#i'%. Dr. Deere a$*! i'&$ue* a 6ar'i'% a%ai'*t &!'tra*ti'% 'arrati5e p!rti!'* !( t#e

Bib$e 6it# Dia&ti& p!rti!'*+ a' a%ai'*t bui$i'% !&tri'e !' mere !b*er5ati!' a*

!pp!*e t! 6#at t#e Bib$e a&tua$$" *a"*.

,-

I' t#e *&!pe !( t#i* pr!?e&t+ t#e ab!5e t#e!$!%i&a$ ar%ume't* (!rm t#e ma?!r

(rame6!r< (!r t#e &e**ati!'i*t t#e!r". Certai'$"+ t#ere are !t#er ar%ume't* t#at are

br!u%#t t! bear a%ai'*t t#e m!er' a" u*e !( t!'%ue* a' !t#er mira&u$!u* %i(t*.

ar(ie$ &!'te'* t#at t#e 5ie6 !( mira&u$!u* *piritua$ %i(t* a* perma'e't i* a R!ma'

Cat#!$i& te'e'&",1+ a' $i


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*imi$ar t! t#e %i(t !( t!'%ue* !e* '!t 'e&e**ari$" mea' t#at t#e %i(t i* '!6 i'5a$i;

&ertai'$" (ri'%e %r!up* maami'i'% a (e6 !t#er &e**ati!'i*t ar%ume't*+ Dr. Ma&Art#ur p!i't* !ut t#at

!'e !( t#e rea*!'* t!'%ue* &ea*e i* t#at it i* i'(eri!r t! pr!p#e&" a* a mea'* !(

re5e$ati!'., Dr.a$5!!r *u%%e*t* t#at t!'%ue* t!a" are '!t $e%itimate be&au*e t#eir

5a$iit" &a''!t be *&ie'ti(i&a$$" mea*ure., A' (i'a$$"+ *e5era$ *u%%e*t t#at T!'%ue* are

'!t 5a$i t!a" be&au*e ma'" t!'%ue* *pea


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per(!rme mira&u$!u* ee*+ !r u*e mira&u$!u* %i(t* 6ere t#!*e 6#! #a t#e ap!*t$e*

$a" #a'* !' t#em.2 Dr. Ge!r%e D!$$ar )u!te* a *tu" t#at *#!6e 9I' t#e a'&ie't ur+

t#ere 6a* '!t !'e 6e$$ atte*te i'*ta'&e !( a'" per*!' 6#! e>er&i*e *pea


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9#ere(!re+ a$*!+ t#!*e 6#! are i' trut# Hi* i*&ip$e*+ re&ei5i'% %ra&e (r!m Him+

! i' Hi* 'ame per(!rm mira&$e*Q+ *! a* t! pr!m!te t#e 6e$(are !( !t#er me'+ a&&!ri'%t! t#e %i(t 6#i ea !'e #a* re&ei5e (r!m Him. F!r *!me ! &ertai'$" a' tru$" ri5e

!ut e5i$*+ *! t#at t#!*e 6#! #a5e t#u* bee' &$ea'*e (r!m e5i$ *pirit* (re)ue't$" b!t#

be$ie5e i' C#ri*tQ+ a' ?!i' t#em*e$5e* t! t#e C#ur. Ot#er* #a5e (!rep$ai' t#i* !mi**i!' i* &reib$"

!((ere b" Hu'ter+ Har!$.+ 9T!'%ue*Spee+ A Patri*ti& A'a$"*i*: @ -o&rnal o' the 5vangelical

Theological Society 2) no. 2 @4u'e+ 7 70270

2Sa((+ P#i$ip. The Ante!icene "athers. e$e&tr!'i& e. Gar$a'+ T Ga$a>ie S!(t6are+ 0.


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a' arra'%e* 6#ate5er !t#er %i(t* t#ere are !( charismata; a' t#u* maie S!(t6are+ 0.

Hu'ter+ Har!$.+ 9T!'%ue*Spee+ A Patri*ti& A'a$"*i*: @ -o&rnal o' the 5vangelical Theological

Society 2) no. 2 @4u'e+ 7 70270

7 E$bert+ Pau$. 9Ca$5i' a' t#e Spiritua$ Gi(t*: @ -o&rnal o' the 5vangelical Theological Society 22

no. ) @September+ 7

0 4!#'*!'+ S. Le6i*. 9A S"mp!*ium !' t#e T!'%ue* M!5eme't+ Part I I't!u&ti!': @ BibliothecaSacra 120 no. 4+, @4u$"+ 72-+ 00,


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&!'5erte !' Pe'te&!*t+ ma'" !t#er* i' t#e &it" 6ere'=t- Dr. D!$$ar+ i' &!5eri'% t#e

*upp!*e $a&< !( t!'%ue* i' t#e #i*t!r" !( t#e ear$" ur+ !e* (i' a' i'*ta'&e !( t#e

%i(t bei'% u*e am!'% *!me m!'


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Ba*e !' t#e ab!5e arra'%eme't !( &e**ati!'i*t t#!u%#t a' rebutta$ (r!m '!'

&e**ati!'i*t*+ it appear* t#at t#ere i* '!t !'e *i'%$e p!i't br!u%#t up b" t#e &e**ati!'i*t

m!5eme't t#at i* '!t a&&urate$" a' Bib$i&a$$" a'*6ere b" t#e '!'&e**ati!'i*t*.

C#ur #i*t!r" &$ear$" a$$!6* (!r a '!' ap!*t!$i& a%e (u'&ti!' !( t!'%ue* a' !t#er %i(t*+

t#!u%# it i* %ra'te t#at t#ere mi%#t be *!me ebb a' ($!6 i' t#e i*tributi!' !( t#e*e

%i(t*. S&riptura$ ar%ume't* (!r t#e &e**ati!' !( t#e %i(t* are at be*t i'&!'&$u*i5e+ a' at

6!r*t *imp$" 6r!'%.

Dr. Be$$*#a6 &!'&$ue* #i* &e**ati!'i*t arti&$e !' t#e &!'(u*i!' !( t!'%ue* 6it#

a' e>#!rtati!' t! t#e reaer t! $et t#e (i'a$ aut#!rit" !' t#e t!'%ue* i**ue be 6#at t#e

Bib$e *a"*. He *u%%e*t* t#at t#i* be t#e primar" *ta'ar b" 6#i t#e t!'%ue* m!5eme't

i* ?u%e. T#i* *eem* t! be a %reat *u%%e*ti!'+ a' a' e>&e$$e't *tarti'% p!i't t! a**e**

6#et#er t#e %i(t !( t!'%ue* i* (!r t!a". I' 7*t C!ri't#ia'* 71-+ Pau$ 6rite*+ 9D! '!t

(!rbi *pea&epti!'* t! t#i* are t#e i**ue !( ari*mati&* '!t (!$$!6i'% Pau$=* ire&ti5e* i'

t#e u*e !( t#e %i(t !( t!'%ue*+ a' *&ie'ti(i& a**e**me't !( t#e %i(t. T#e (ir*t i**ue i* *eri!u*+ a' *#!u$ be

ea$t 6it#+ but #a* $itt$e beari'% !' 6#et#er t#e %i(t i* a&ti5e t!a"+ !r '!t. Fa$*e ap!*t$e* i '!t 'u$$i(" rea$ap!*t$e* uri'% Ne6 Te*tame't time*+ (a$*e teai'% !e* '!t 'u$$i(" t#e rea$ teai'% %i(t t!a"+ *! (a$*e

app$i&ati!' !( t!'%ue* !e* '!t &au*e 'e&e**ari$" mea' t#at it #a* &ea*e. T#e *e&!' i**ue i* '!t a (air

&riti&i*m+ a' i* bui$t *!$e$" !' t#e *upp!*iti!' t#at t!'%ue* a$6a"* &!rre*p!' t! a i*te'&e.

T#e !'e e>&epti!' I &a' t#i'< !( &!'&er'* 6!me' i' aut#!rit" a'/!r 6!me' teai'% i' ur.

Per#ap* t#ere are !t#er* t#at e*&ape me '!6.


24/29

!5er+ !r '!t me'ti!'e at a$$. It seems difficult to beliee that "aul# kno$ing the gift of

tongues $ould ass a$ay in a short eriod# might urge the Corinthians to not forbid

its use $ithout adding some sort of %ualifying statement . It i* a$*! !( '!te t#at+ e5e'

%i5e' t#e !b5i!u* pr!b$em* t#e C!ri't#ia'* 6ere e>perie'&i'% 6it# t!'%ue*+ #e *ti$$

&!'&$ue* #i* teai'% 6it# t#e ire&ti5e t#at t#e" '!t be (!rbie'+ but !'e i' a (itti'%

a' !rer$" 6a". T#e rea*!' (!r e5!ti'% *! mu !( t#i* arti&$e t! a' !ut$i'e !( t#e

&e**ati!'i*t ar%ume't i* be&au*e it 'ee* t! be (air$" a' #!'e*t$" a**e**e+ parti&u$ar$"

t! etermi'e i( it i* *tr!'% e'!u%# t! pr!5ie a rea*!' 6#" a *&riptura$ ire&ti5e *#!u$ be

!5ertur'e. I' t#i* &a*e+ it i* &$ear t#at '! &e**ati!'i*t ar%ume't i* &$ear e'!u%#+ !r *tr!'%

e'!u%# t! 6arra't t#e *etti'% a*ie !( e5e' !'e *ma$$ &!mma' !( *&ripture.

3er" !(te' i' t#i* ebate bet6ee' &e**ati!'i*t*+ a' '!' &e**ati!'i*t*+ t#e i**ue !(

bure' !( pr!!( &!me* up. I( it &!u$ be &!'&$u*i5e$" *#!6' t#at t#ere 6ere '! $e%itimate

i'*ta'&e* !( t!'%ue* *peai*te'&e *#!u$

$ie 6it# t#e '!'&e**ati!'i*t*. I' $i%#t !( t#e *ub*ta'tia$ @t#!u%# '!t !5er6#e$mi'%

me'ti!'* !( t#i* %i(t i' t#e ear$" p!*t ap!*t!$i& a%e+ a' i'ee peppere t#r!u%#!ut

ur #i*t!r"+ it 6!u$ *eem (air t! *a" t#e bure' !( pr!5i'% t#e &e**ati!'i*m !(

t!'%ue* *#!u$ $ie 6it# t#e &e**ati!'i*t &amp. #e' t#e (urt#er i**ue !( Pau$=* ire&ti5e

i' 7*t C!ri't#ia'* 71- t! '!t (!rbi i* br!u%#t i't! t#e i*&u**i!'+ it be&!me* &$earer

t#at t#e bure' !( pr!!( *#!u$ be *)uare$" !' t#e &e**ati!'i*t &amp. A(ter t#i*

I* it i'&!'*i*te't t! remar< !' t#e $i%#t treatme't t#e *ub?e&t !( t!'%ue* re&ei5e* i' t#e Bib$e+ a'

t#e' be *urpri*e t#at it re&ei5e* a *imi$ar treatme't i' t#e 6riti'%* !( t#e ur (at#er*8 T#at i* t! *a"+ t#e

i**ue i* 'eit#er i%'!re+ '!r emp#a*ie i' t#e Ne6 Te*tame't Epi*t$e*+ a' *imi$ar$" t#e ear$" ur(at#er*. It i* )uite &$ear t#at t#e m!er' a" ur #a* b$!6' t#e ebate )uite !ut !( pr!p!rti!' t! t#e

treatme't it re&ei5e* i' S&ripture.


25/29

e>ami'ati!' !( &e**ati!'i*t ar%ume't*+ it 6!u$ appear t#at t#i* bure' !( pr!!( #a* '!t

bee' met.

S!u' Bib$i&a$ #erme'euti&* re)uire* t#at t#e!$!%" a' !&tri'e &!me (r!m &$ear

t#e!$!%i&a$ pa**a%e*+ a' rare$" @i( e5er be pu$$e (r!m 'arrati5e !r mere !b*er5ati!'

@i.e. T#e &!'?e&ture t#at Pau$ !e*'=t #ea$ Tim!t#" !r Epap#r!itu*+ t#ere(!re #i* #ea$i'%

%i(t !e*'=t 6!r< a'"m!re i* ba*e !' !b*er5ati!'.. It i* u*ua$$" t#e be*t pra&ti&e t! %!

6it# t#e p$ai' *e'*e !( *&ripture+ a' &$ear$" i' Pau$=* teai'% !' t!'%ue* t#e p$ai'

mea'i'% i* t#at it *#!u$ '!t be (!rbie'+ t#u*+ t#e %i(t !( t!'%ue* *#!u$ '!t be

(!rbie' t!a". T#i* !e* '!t )uite a'*6er t#e )ue*ti!' !( 6#et#er t#e %i(t !( t!'%ue* i*

(!r t!a" !r '!t. A* Dr. Eri&e%ete t#eir 6a" ar!u' #i* &!mma'* ! *!

at *!me e%ree !( ri*&e$ i' %i(t* t#at

7 Eri&


26/29

bui$ up t#e ur: @7*t C!r. 7170+ NI3 a' t! 9$et a$$ t#i'%* be !'e i' $!5e: @7*t C!r.

7271+ NI3 ri'% parti&u$ar$" true #ere. Ma" 6e put a*ie a&rim!'i!u* a' u'#ea$t#"

ebate* a' *ee< t! e>&e$ i' bui$i'% t#e ur up i' $!5e.

N!te &se '.'. Bruce %uote on "rohecy# (osehus for ne)t installation of

this aer. "age ** +The Canon of ,criture-


27/29

Bib$i!%rap#"

Be$$*#a6+ i$$iam G. 9T#e C!'(u*i!' !( T!'%ue*.: Bibliotheca Sacra 70 @Apri$+ 72-

7127,-.

Ca$5i'+ 4!#'. $alvin%s $ommentaries. e$e&tr!'i& e.+ Gar$a'+ T Ga$a>ie S!(t6are+

0.

Car*!'+ D.A. Shoing the Spirit3 A Theological 57position o' 1 $orinthians 1214. Gra'Rapi* Ba


28/29

Temp!rar" Gi(t.: Bibliotheca Sacra 70 @4u$"+ 72- 0020--

Hu'ter+ Har!$. 9T!'%ue* Spee A Patri*ti& A'a$"*i*.: -o&rnal o' the 5vangelicalTheological Society 0- @4u'e+ 7 70,7-

4!#'*!'+ S. Le6i*. 9A S"mp!*ium !' t#e T!'%ue* M!5eme't. Part I I'tr!u&ti!'.: Bibliotheca Sacra 70 @4u$"+ 72- 001002

. 9A S"mp!*ium !' t#e T!'%ue* M!5eme't. Part II T#e Gi(t !( T!'%ue* a't#e B!!< !( A&t*.: Bibliotheca Sacra 70 @O&t!ber+ 72- --77

4!'e*+ Mart"' L$!" rove all Things. Ea*tb!ur'e i'%*6a"+ 7,

. -oy :nspeaable3 oer an/ #eneal in the Holy Spirit. #eat!' Har!$

S#a6+ 71

Le6i*+ arre'+ 6itnesses to the Holy Spirit . 3a$$e" F!r%e 4u*!' Pre**+ 7

Ma&Art#ur+ 4!#'. "irst $orinthians3 The (acArth&r !e Testament $ommentary.E$e&tr!'i& E. C#i&a%! M!!" Bib$e I'*titute+ 71

Mite$$+ Da'. Fir*t C!ri't#ia'*+ $hristianity in a Hostile $&lt&re C#atta'!!%a AMGPub$i*#i'%+ 01

Sa((+ P#i$ip. The Ante!icene "athers. e$e&tr!'i& e. Gar$a'+ T Ga$a>ie S!(t6are+

0.

. The !icene "athers. e$e&tr!'i& e. Gar$a'+ T Ga$a>ie S!(t6are+ 0.

S#!%re'+ Gar" Step#e'. 9C#ri*tia' Pr!p#e&" a' Ca'!' i' t#e Se&!' Ce'tur" a

Re*p!'*e t! B.B. ar(ie$.: -o&rnal o' the 5vangelical Theological Society 1

@De&ember+ 7 27200

T#!ma*+ R!bert L. 9T!'%ue*Ji$$ Cea*e.: -o&rnal o' the 5vangelical Theological

Society 7 @Spri'%+ 71 77

T!u***ai't+ Sta'$e" D. 9A S"mp!*ium !' t#e T!'%ue* M!5eme't. Part II Fir*t

C!ri't#ia'* T#irtee' a' t#e T!'%ue* Kue*ti!'.: Bibliotheca Sacra 70 @O&t!ber+

72- -77-7,

ar(ie$+ B.B. $o&nter'eit (iracles. Ne6 Y!r


29/29

ea5er+ Gi$bert. 9T!'%ue* S#a$$ Cea*e.: race Theological -o&rnal 71 @i'ter+ 7-

700-

theo 530 term paper tongues

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