the_learning_process

8/13/2019 The_Learning_Process

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The Learning Process


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What is expected of us?

Highly competent in subject area

Manage the learning environment

Ensure achieving of the terminal behaviour

Sound knowledge on how studentslearn


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Teaching/Instructing :Success

Objectives of the Course

Resources Available

Characteristics of

Participants

Learning Environment

Instructor

Who is responsible?


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Learning Process


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LearningHow?

Attended a course.

Did some reading.

Asked a friend / colleague.

Thought about it.

Tested it.

Practiced it.


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Learning : What is it?

Acquire knowledge or skill

To become informed of or acquainted with

To memorize

To gain by experience, exposure

Results in change in our ability to do.


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Learning Process

Knowledge

Thinking Doing

Competence


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Factors affecting learning

Motivation

Mood and situational factors

Access to resources

Time constraints

Relationship

Prior knowledge

Relevance

Methodology


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Factors affecting learning

What do they signify about learning?

Emotional Social

Intellectual


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Basic Principles of Learning:

Stimulatethe senses

Recognisethe learning curve

Dont abuse the attention span

Encouragethe effective use of memory Motivatestudents in their learning

Accommodatedifferent learning styles

Ensureeffective feedbackin the learningprocess


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Learning through Senses


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Learning Pyramid


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Recognise the learning curve


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Effective use of memory

Short-term memory system (STM)

Long term memory system (LTM


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Transfer from STM to LTM


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Motivate

The challenge Interesting

Meaningful

Active Involving

Creative


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Different styles of learning


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Learning Styles

Everyone is unique - different learningstyles.

Style of learning indicates how yourbrain gathers and processesinformation

Understanding what your own style iswill help you to choose study methods

that are best suited for you. This helps optimal learning and easier

recall so that you can excel in theclassroom.


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Three Basic Learning Styles

Visual Learner

Auditory Learner

Kinesthetic/Tactile Learner


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Visual Learners

Seeing is believing Likes front row seats.

Likes visual aids

Highlighted notes and flashcards to helpput material in better perspective.

Visualisation makes it easier to recall.

Describe things in vivid detail

Good writers and perform well on writtenassignments.

Process written info better.


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Tips For the Visual Learners

Use charts, maps, posters, and videoswhenever possible.

Let them watch the person speaking

and observe their body language andfacial expressions.

Itsusually best to leave them to study

alone in a quiet atmosphere. Use colored highlighters to mark

important notes and main ideas.


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Tips For the Visual Learner

cont. Write down information on the board.

Rewrite key points or explanations

that are difficult to recall.

Ask for verbal instructions to berepeated for better understanding.

Encourage use of own visual images

to relate to the topic. Give overview of the topic before

teaching it.


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Auditory Learners

Good listeners

Prefer hearing rather than reading.

Absorb information better through

sounds, music, classroom discussions,audio books and verbal instructions.

Prefer giving oral presentations.

More talkative and enjoy participating indebates and discussions.

Generally skilled in music , foreign

languages.


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Tips for the Auditory Learner

Read out study materials, notes andother information loud.

Encourage study in a small group.

Play audio whenever possible. Encourage classroom discussions.

Use word association techniques tomemorize facts.

Create rhymes to recall dates, names,facts, etc.


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Kinesthetic or Tactile Learners

Absorb information through the sense of touch,physical activity, and experimental projects.

Prefer hands-on approach.

May take notes in class or doodle on theirpapers.

Will stand close when they are talking or touchthat persons arm or shoulder.

Usually fidgety / like to have something in theirhands.

Easily distracted. Enjoy discovering things, classroom participation,

arts and crafts, and science projects.

Good at musical instruments, martial arts, danceor sports.


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Characteristics of Tactile /

Kinesthetic Learners Listens to music while studying. Takes frequent breaks.

Listen to recorded notes / audio books whilewalking or exercising.

Demonstrate key study points by role play. If possible, draws a picture or create a model

to clarify the material being studied.

Use flashcards and different types of boardgames to process and reinforce newinformation.

Stands up in class to answer a question.

Uses colored transparencies to read studymaterials.


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Feedback Identifies the present state.

Highlights needs and how to proceed.

Monitors progress .

Diagnose problems .

Find solutions.

Positive reinforcement for learning

achievements.


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Evaluation

USE

Determine readiness

for next level

Estimate progress

Judge effectiveness

Provide motivation/

feedback

Provide a record

MISUSE

Threaten students

Classify students

Misuse results


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Instructor/Facilitator

Most important element to the learningexperience

Provides guidance, support, andstructure to the learning experience


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Characteristics of a good

Instructor/Facilitator: Knowledge of the subject matter

Facilitator of learner participation

Ability to

serve as a model

provide effective feedback

perform effective evaluation

administer & manage the course


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The Good Speaker

Maintains Student Contact

Controls Nervousness

Avoids Distracting Mannerisms

Shows Enthusiasm

Develops Good Voice Quality

Avoids Excuses

Practices before Presents


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Are you maintaining contact?

Get the attention of the class first

Look at and talk to your students

Speak in a conversational tone of

voice

Pay close attention to student

response

Be Alert!! Look Alert!!


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Controling Nervousness

Be thoroughly prepared

Assume the proper mental attitude

Have initial remarks will in mind

Review previous instruction

Tell a story or anecdote

Show downBe deliberate


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Advise to Instructors -

DO

Take job seriously

Observe others

Developrelationships

Prepare your

lesson

Practice your

delivery

Dont

Bluff

Use profanity

Ridicule students Talk down to class

Lose your patience


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Methods of Presentation

Present Material in small, learnablesteps

Require maximum student

participation Present material in logical sequence

Design work to ensure successful

response Correct student errors on-the-spot

Maintain control of student learning


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Check listPrinciples when planning and delivering your lesson

Utilising and stimulating your trainees senses

Have you conducted your lesson in such a

manner that your trainees are exposed tothe following senses in their learning:

Sight

Hearing

Combination of both


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Recognising the trainees level of

academic abilities and work experience in

relation to the level of lesson you intend todeliver

Can the trainees cope?

Have you conducted your lesson is such amanner that your trainees are achieving the

required level of understanding?


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Recognising your trainees level of

attention span

Is your lesson too long? Have you given appropriate breaks so that

your trainees attention span is not severely

affected?


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Encouraging the effective use of memory

Is the information meaningful to the trainees?

Are they delivered in small and manageablechunks?

Are they repeated several times (until they are

easily recalled)?

Motivating your trainees

Have you conducted your lesson in an

interesting and stimulating way that motivates

your trainees?


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Accommodating to your traineesdiffering learning styles

Have you used the following sensory

modality in your training? Visuals (objects, picture, diagram, words)

Auditory (oral explanations

Kinesthetic (doing the activity)


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Ensuring effective feedback in thelearning process

Have you solicited feedback of your

lesson from your trainees? Has the feedback been evaluated?

Has the outcomes of the feedback been

incorporated in your future training?


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THANK YOU


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Learning Styles

Active

Experimentation

Reflective

Observation

Concrete

Experience

Abstract

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