thebraziliandecadebyrolandberger-strategiesdrivinginnovationandgrowth-101217054930-phpapp02
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THE BRAZILIAN
Strategies driving Innovation and Growth
SoPaulo April, 2010
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BRAZIL 2010 Time to act in a unique situation
e g o a cr s sWhere are we after year one
page 3
Why Brazil is doing so much better page 11
Yes, but no time to lay back
Innovation is ke
page 17
Joint public and private effort required
Cor orate Brazil as innovation driver
page 26
2
Strategies for global growth page 36
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The global crisis
year one
3
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Situation at start of 2010 All the key indicators move upwards
ECONOMY FINANCE MOOD
(index)
COLLAPSE-3.1% -54% -64points
RECOVERY +3.0% +58% +49points
As at start of 2008 Down 47% comparedto 06/07 average
Down 16 pts. comparedto 06/07 average
4
TODAY COMPARED TO BEFORE THE CRISISSource: IMF, Bloomberg, Ifo Institute, Roland Berger analysis
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Global GDP has recovered quickly V-shaped trend
OUR CRISIS SCENARIOSGlobal GDP, indexed (Q2 2008 = 100) and global GDPgrowth quarter-on-quarter
100.099.9+0.4% +1.0%
> Turning point mid-2009> Strong recovery> Our predicted likelihood in
.
-0.1%+1.1%
2009: 75> Scenario realized
> Turning point 2010
98.6 - .
-1.6%
+0.9%> Almost zero growth until then> Our predicted likelihood in
2009: 23%> Scenario not realized
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3Q4
96.9
Q4
> Depression continuesuntil2010
> Our predicted likelihood in
5Source: IMF
2008 20092007 2009: 2%
> Scenario not realized
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Stock markets have made partial recoveries
Are stock markets a
Key share indexes(highs, lows and index at start of month)
good indicator?
YES
Dow Jones Dax Shanghai Composite
14,165 8,106 6,092
company figures, shifts inthe market, etc.> They reflect growth
otential and eneral
+58%+54%
5,653
+81%
economic outlook
NO> Market s eculation and
,3,088
irrationality ignorefundamental data
> Not all companies arelisted on stock markets 10/07 03/10 06/07 03/10 10/07 03/1002/09 03/09 11/08
6,547 3,666 1,707
6
not the full story
Source: Bloomberg
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Other key indicators are also pointing toward recovery
Brent oil price
(U$/barrel1))
Ifo global business climate
(index)
Global exports
(U$ bn)
140 115+96%
4,321
+31%100
+88%3,517
79
42 512,685
7
1) At start of month
Source: Bloomberg, Ifo Institute
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But it ain't over yet
Economic growth is still below pre-cris is levelsorecas s . , compare o . n
Lagging indicators have not yet bottomed out
Causes of the crisis have not been dealt with
, ,
, , .
Risk of flash in the pan effectseconomic stimulus ro rams trust
Boom markets fuelled not just by fundamental data, but also cheap moneyfrom central banks
8
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HOW LONG WILL THE CRISIS LAST?Forecasts are difficult and still vary widely
GDP growth [%]
3.0
in 2009
WORLD
2.2 IMF 3.9World Bank 2.7
.
BRAZIL
0.5
-0.8-1.1
-1.3OECD 4.8
IMF 4.7
9Source: IMF, Consensus Economics
or an .c ov an pr c an
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OUR ASSESSMENT Three countries have the key for globaleconomic recovery
Global share [%]
Population1) GDP2)
possible, if
> growAND
INDIA keeps up
AND
TOTAL 40 37USA show first signs ofrecover
10Source: CIA World Factbook
1) World population 2008: 6.7 bn 2) World GDP 2008: USD 70.7 tr
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Unique strengths
much better
11
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According to the IMF forecast, Brazil will be the only BRIC country togrow at a pre-crisis rate in 2010
Average annual GDP growth: 2004-2007, 2009 and forecast for 2010 [%]
4.7 4.7
7.49.1
7.7
.
8.7
10.0
4.9.
5.6
.
-0.2-0.8
-9.0
Brazil Russia India ChinaWorld
12Source: IWF
Annual average 2004-2007 2009 2010 (IMF forecast)
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Ibovespa has nearly reached its all-time high again It hasrecovered much better than RTS and Shanghai Composite
Ibovespa [Index] Shanghai Composite [Index]
-
RTS [Index]
-
67,228
-highMay 2008
73,438
highSep 2007
6,124
highJun 2008
2,464
3,0881,430
38,3831,126
Nov 2008All-time lowOctober 2008 29,435
,
1,161
All-time low Jan 2006
492All-time lowJan 2009
13
Jan 1, 2006 Mar 1, 2010 Jan 1, 2006 Mar 1, 2010Jan 1, 2006 Mar 1, 2010
Source: Bloomberg
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Brazil is already an economic heavyweight
Brazil's global ranking in selected areas
Economy (according topurchasing power
Exports of sugar,ethanol, soy and
Agricultural land
par ty Size, population
Currency stocks
ee
Ethanolproduction
1122334455667788991010
14
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Brazil's potential is based on unique strengths and on strongopportunities
> Young, dynamic population> erv ce-or en e a u e an ex y
> Large, partially unexploitedoffshore oil fields near the coast
'
(200 million hectares of unused agricultural land)> Largest rainforests on earth
> Technology leaders inethanol-driven engines and inoffshore oil extraction
> Globall rowin demand for ethanol and ethanol-based technolo ies
2 ,
> Major upcoming events: World Cup in 2014 and Olympic Games in 2016
15
BRAZIL'S OPPORTUNITIES
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Brazil has a unique combination of four strengths to fostersustainable economic growth
POLICY CAPITAL MARKETS> Stable domestic and foreign policies stabilizing
institutions, balancing competing stakeholders'interests, acting responsively on international scale
> Overcomin historical economic volatilities
> Conservative banking regulation prevented thecollapse of the financial system (compared to US,Europe, etc.)
> Net forei n creditor recent elevation to(inflation, exchange rates, etc.) weathering theeconomic crisis well, better than most othercountries
investment grade status
> Solid, transparent and efficient stock-market
> Brazil investing heavily in its future Energy sector 2010-2030: BRL 1.960 bn World Cup/Olympics: BRL 97 bn
> Very large domestic market public sector,companies, households
> Growing middleclass, with increasing buying , . .BRL 35 bn
> Positive secondaryeffects on supplier industries,e.g. shipyards: > 40,000 new jobs created
power
> Enthusiastic consumers also in "crisis year"2009
16
DOMESTIC DEMAND INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAMS
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A Brazilian decade ,
to lay back
17
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Brazil's future: The window is open for strong growth
EIKE BATISTA, Business Week,,"We believe that in five years Brazil will
be the fifth-largest economy in
t e wor .
DB RESEARCH, report
"Brazil 2020", January 20, 2010"In 2020 Brazil will haveoutrunFrance and the UK and will be
"
18
- .
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However, the look from the outside on Brazil shows the areas ofconcern for the country's future
The most problematic factors for doing business [% of responses]
Inefficient overnment bureaucrac 11.0
Restrictive labor regulations 14.0
Tax rates 18.5
Tax regulations 19.0
Corruption 7.0
Inadequate supply of infrastructure 9.5
Access to financing 10.4
1.0
Policy instability 1.1
.
Poor work ethic in national labor force 0.9
Inflation
Government instability/coups 0.3
Poor public health 0.6
Crime and theft 0.7
.
19Source: WEF, Global Competitiveness Report 2009-2010
From a list of 15 factors, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country/economy and to rank them between 1 (mostproblematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings
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The Brazilian economy in early 2010 some signs of concern
Observations
1. Limited value added on products in 2009, for the firsttime since 1978, export of basic products was higher than QUESTION
2. Not enough savings only 14,6% of GDP in 2009, thelowest level since 2001 and vs. 45% for China
How do theseweaknesses
3. First time since 2001 current account isnegative CentralBank estimates deficit of USD 49 bnin 2010
is the key forsolution?
4. Not investing enough in innovation only 0,82% of GDP
20Source: World Bank; Brazilian Central Bank; Associao de Comrcio Exterior do Brasil
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There is a strong correlation between innovation and the share ofvalue added products in exports
CORRELATION BETWEEN INNOVATION AND
Share VAProducts1)[%]
> Brazil's low investment in R&D highlycorrelates with its low degree of value
90 Japan
a e pro uc s uge gap o ea ng
economies> Low share of value added products means
70
Germany
USA
a expor s revenues are very sens e omarket price of commodities
> Conclusion: Brazil has to invest in
Brazil
60
50
nnova on o eve op a sus a na eposi tion as a world-leading economy
Expenditureson R&D/GDP2) %
21Source: World Bank; OECD; UN-TradeCom
0 1 2 3 4
0
1) Data for 2008 2) Data for 2006, except for Brazil (2005)
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Brazil is not investing enough in innovation
Expenditures on R&D (public and private) as share of GDP
3.40%
. 2.52%
1.08%
.
0.69%0.82%
Brazil IndiaRussiaJapan USA Germany China
22
(2006) (2006) (2006) (2006) (2006) (2005) (2004)
Source: World Bank
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As a result, Brazil dropped down 18 positions in global innovationranking
Results from the survey Global Innovation Index 2010
According to the Global Innovation Index 2010 Brazil fell from 50th to68th position in the world rankings for innovation in 2010
AmongLatin American countries, the country was only the 7th placecompared to the 3rd highest rank last year
In the group ofBRIC countr ies, Brazil was the one who recorded theworst result this year
23Source: Global Innovation Index 2010 (INSEAD, Confederation of Indian Industry)
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Brazil has to overcome structural weaknesses to take advantage ofits opportunities Innovation becomes key
clusters so far
Oil exploration in deep waters
ropca agrcu ure
Aircraft manufacturing
> Overall, Brazil's ranking in innovationis low "WE NEED
"
J. Stiglitz et al.Economics Nobel Prize Winner & Team
24
Source: Press research
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Close the innovation gap The areas for action are clear
Brazil's world ranking in innovation categories
INNOVATION CATEGORY WORLD RANK1)
28Ca acit for innovation
29Company spending on R&D34University-industry collaboration in R&D
59Utility patents
41Quality of scientific research institutions
overnment procurement o a vance tec pro ucts
60Availability of scientists and engineers
25Source: WEF, Global Competitiveness Report 2009-2010
1) Of 132 countries
Competitive disadvantage
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Innovation is key
effort required
26
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To stimulate innovation, joint public and private effort is needed
Prerequisites to stimulate innovation
COMPANIESGOVERNMENT> Allocate the resources needed for innovation > "Key Innovation Drivers" push innovation in the
'rom pu c an prvae source
> Stimulate the creation of technology clustersand networks, also between universities and
wor s mos nnova ve companes
> The CEO has paramount influence on bothinnovation performance and innovation culture
> Foster the creative class/creative cities> There are many barriers to innovation that
need to be overcome by CEOs and their
colleagues
Results from "Innovating at the Top" A jointRoland Berger Creative Cities Approach
27
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GOVERNMENT
Foster the creative class/creative cities Example: USA
Economic success and creativity
HighEconomic success1)
San Francisco
Austin CREATIVITY INDEX++
Seattle
Boston
LOSERSTechnology (innovation)
++
WINNERS
Cleveland
DetroitTalent (human capital)
Creativity index2)
Milwaukee
Buffalo
New Orleans Tolerance (openness)
28Source: Richard Florida, Roland Berger
1) GDP, growth, per capita income, etc. 2) Technology, talent, tolerance
HighLow
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GOVERNMENT
To enable and stimulate innovation you need the creative class
Defini tion of the creative class1)
SHARE OF CREATIVE PEOPLE IN THE USAMembers of the creative classdevelop new, useful thingsthrough their work
45%
50% Share of working population
SERVICEclass
> IT & mathematical professions
> Engineers, architects, scientists> Art, media, entertainment 30%
35% CREATIVEclass
WORKING
15%
20%class
0%
5%
1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1991 1999
FARMING,FORESTRY& FISHING
29Source: Richard Florida, Roland Berger
1) The data in this section is based largely on research by Prof. Richard Florida of Carnegie Mellon University, who looks mainly at US cities
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GOVERNMENT
The creativity index of a region or city consists of the three elementstechnology, talent and tolerance
The three "Ts" in detail
How much high tech is in the region?Patents, technical universities, expenditures forR&D, etc.Technolo
How many creative people live in the region?cen s s, engneers, arc ecs, a ver sng
people, etc.Talent
How tolerant is a region?Share of different ways of life, artists, immigrants,ethnical mixture, openness for new cultures, etc.
30Source: Richard Florida, Roland Berger
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GOVERNMENT
Our successful "growing city" strategy for Hamburg suggestspursuing a "combination strategy" of technology and talent
Creativity strategy Hamburg
cycleShort
IT Media
"COMBINED STRATEGY"
> Highly innovative and moretraditional clusters exist side
Technology/talent
NanotechnologyRegenerativeenergy
> Fewer "natural" in terfaces
between clusters> Creative sectorforms its own
clusterthanks to its economic
Life sciences
importance
> Maintain the existing creativeNeed for talent
Long
Aviation Logistics/ports
cass an ar s c cu ura scene
> Strong focus on strengtheningthe technology base to attract"innovators"
an way oattracting it
31Source: Roland Berger
Very successful cluster
High LowR&D invest
Planning stageSuccessful cluster Being developed
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GOVERNMENT
Successful cities in Europe driving innovation Strategic options forBrazil?
STRATEGY DESCRIPTION
COPENHAGENPEOPLE > Established hi h-tech cluster
Tech-nology
TalentToler-ance
FOLLOWINNOVATIVETECHNOLOGY
> Creative diversity (tolerance)being developed: used asimage
DUBLIN
BARCELONAJOBS FOLLOWCREATIVE
Tech- Toler-
> High-tech cluster beingdeveloped
nology ance
used as breeding ground
OF THE TWO
Tech-nology Talent
Toler-ance
> g - ec s ou e expan e> Creative diversity plays different
role for different clusters: catalystfor creative sector, less important
VIENNA
32Source: Roland Berger, Project Team
Berlin and Hamburg have no clear strategy targeting the creative class
as an mage acor
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COMPANIES
What drives innovation on company level Findings of our jointstudy with INSEAD
WHAT WE
DISCOVERED> Ten "Key Innovation
Drivers" push innova-'
innovative companies> TheCEO has paramount
> How leading companies drive innovation and achieve
higher growth and profits
-tion performance andinnovation culture
> How CEOs personally push innovation and implement innovation policies and practices
> What other com anies can learn from to innovators
> There are manybarriersto innovation that need tobe overcome by CEOs and
33
across regions and across different industries
Source: Roland Berger, INSEAD
CO S
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COMPANIES
The global perspective We talked with the CEOs of the world'smost innovative companies
George Buckley,CEO
Olli-Pekka Kallasvuo,CEO
Jim Balsillie,Co-CEO
Fujio Cho,Chairman
Patrick Cescau,Group CEO
Art Levinson,N.R. NarayanaMurthy,Franz Fehrenbach,
34Source: Roland Berger, INSEAD
enn ng agermann,CEO
COMPANIES
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COMPANIES
The outcome of our study Innovation at the top needs strongleadership, ten key innovation drivers
1. Appoint the CEO as the innovation champion
. ee rae an nnova on cu ure
3. Engage more innovation partners by sharing knowledge
4. Or anize diversit to romote ositive friction and cross-fertilization
5. Use customer needs to drive simultaneous R&D and businessmodel innovation
.
7. Encourage youth and keep a challenger mentality
8. Appoint appropriate decision-makers and encourage transparentinformation sharing
9. Use processes judiciously
35Source: Roland Berger, INSEAD
.
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Corporate Brazil
Strategies for global growth
36
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Starting point 2010 Why strategy and innovation in turbulenttimes?
> Most companies have been reacting remarkably quick and decisive on the crisis , ,
> They are nownavigating " at sight and with low speed" continuously observing, ,
> Now is the time for smart and fundamental strategic moves
,
Reshaping the industry, investing in new business models and innovation
> Shaping the future competitive position of Brazil's companies now! while(international) competitors are busy about cost cutting
37Source: Roland Berger
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Brazilian companies are increasingly successful in global markets
Selected multinationals from Brazil
PETROBRAS One of the largest oil companies in the world, a majorexporter of offshore oil extraction technology
World's largest exporter of iron ore and second largest mining
company
EMBRAER World's third largest passenger aircraft manufacturer
GERDAU Lar est manufacturer of lon steel in the Americas with26 production sites in North and South America
CAMARGO CORRA Dynamic conglomerate, with operations in
38
engineering & construction, cement, steel, concessions, among others
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Brazilian companies are outperforming their international peers inkey industries
Performance of top players
Brazil vs. Global Leaders (EBITDA Margin 2008)
Share price evolution of top players
from selected sectors 2008-today
Europe BrazilUS
24%
9%10%
12%1 Aerospace
2 CosmeticsUS
BREU
BR
1 Aerospace
2 Cosmetics
-29%
-23%
-21%
+7%
-51%
+106%
29%
25%42%
23%
3 Mining
BREU
EUUS
3 Mining
-25%
- -
-2%
-
18%15%
22%
19%20%
5 Steel
BRINJP
EUUS
5 Steel
-38%1) -48%2) +8%
Brazilian industries gain competitive advantage on a global Weak global markets create take-over opportunit ies
10%15%
rewer es BREUJP
rewer es + - +
39Sources: Thomson Reuters
scale
1) Indian Company 2) Japanese Companies
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Brazilian companies can now act out of the position of strength tobecome global leaders
Kee our focus oncreatin rofitable rowth1
Align yourcorporate strategy to a changing environment
2
nnova e an nves n new us ness mo e s
Consolidate the industry on international scale4
Secure access to capital markets
Rethink the role ofthe cor orate head uarter
5
6Andbecome a truly global player7
40
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Keep your focus on creating profitable growth1Profitable Growth : Example Camargo Corra
CAGR +17% > Brazilian companies have been managingprofitable growth
13.2
10.5
EBTIDA growth 07-08: +129%
Bovespa Index CAGR06-08: + 38%
> For the ears ahead these com anies are8.4
6.66.06.2
5.2
pursuing ambitious growth plans with highinvestment budgets
> Effective value-based ortfolio mana e-18.4%18.2%19.2%18.1%19.9%18.5%19.9% ment becomes key to success
> The principle for true value creation issim le: the return on ca ital must be
41
2008200720062005200420032002EBITDA margin
Source : Roland Berger, Company Annual Report
higher than the cost of capital!
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Align your corporate strategy to a changing environment2Conglomerate Discount
-
> Brazilian conglomerates have beenremarkabl successful mana in diversified
55
Top 1.000 Brazilian companies2)
average Ebitda 2008
Net revenuesCAGR04-08 [%]
business portfolios
> In a changing domestic and global economythese ortfolios should be reassessed
35
40
45
Clearly defining the portfolio logic:related vs. unrelated diversification,industry focus, competence clusters
Top 1000Braziliancompanies2)
average net 15
20
25 Overperformers
Identifying future core businesses toinvest in, and businesses to be divested
> Making the overall stock market the
CAGR 07-08
0
5
10
-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
UnderperformersROE1)[%]
42Source: Annual Report s 2008, press research, Valor 1000, Valor 200 Grandes Grupos, Roland Berger
2) Return on Equity (net results/shareholder equity)2) Average of Top 1 000 companies in 2008 in the industrial sectors (no Banking & Insurance sector) valor 1000
enc mar or e por o o per ormanceNet revenues in 2008 [BRL bn]
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Innovate and invest in new business models3Innovation made in Brazil
. .
> Innovation is the key challenge for theBrazilian econom for the next decad
INNOVATIVE BUSINESS MODEL> Direct sales model for cosmetics
> Although overall ranking on innovation islow and even decreasing, there are positiveBrazilian exam les to build on oil
> Full sustainability appeal
INNOVATION MANAGEMENT
exploration in deep waters, tropicalagriculture, aircraft manufacturing
> Be ond that also in other ke industries
,> Around 180 new products on average per year
INNOVATION BENEFITS
such as consumer goods, international highperformers evolve Natura as one Brazilianexample for innovation
in 2008
> 17% sales increase 2008-2009> 19% EBITDA increase 2008-2009
43Source: Roland Berger, INSEAD, Clippings, Annual Report
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Consolidate the industry on international scale4Consolidation path: Brazilian companies
> Synergies of scale and scope are thedriving factors for global M&A activities
JBS acquires Australian Tatiara Meat Company(Dec 2009) and Pilgrim's Pride (Dec 2009) andmerges with Bertin (Sep 2009), becoming #1
Meat Processing
M&As totals USD 1.810 bn globally in
2009, a 27% drop from 2008 Latin American deals declined only 9.5%
meat producer and #1 tanning company
Inbev (through AmBev) acquires Anheuser-Busch (Nov 2008), becoming the #1 brewer in
Breweries
> The competitive strength of Braziliancompanies now allows them to play a major
Braskem acquires Sunoco Chemicals division(Feb 2010) and Quattor (Jan 2010)
Petrochemicals
global scale
> And Brazilian companies do not hesitate toCosan acquires Exxon Mobile Brazilian distri-bution (Esso; Dec 2008) and merges its ethanol
Ethanol
44Source: Roland Berger, INSEAD, Clippings, Annual Report
and fuel distribution unit with Royal Dutch Shell(Feb 2010)
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Secure access to capital markets5Recent track record of IPOs
> After an IPO boom in 2007, there were only 10IPOs in 2008-2009 due to the effects of the
OSX Brasil S.A.Ship constructionfirm
> Company raised BRL2,8 bn, lessthan 30% of initially expected
> Stock price down 12,5% on thefinancial crisis
> In 2010, IPOs are back, but investors are muchmore selective and demanding significant
BR PropertiesReal estate firm
first day of trade
> Raised 7% less money thatminimum price expected
scouns
More critical, especially with greenfieldcompanies
Renova EnergiaRenewable energies
,first day of trade
> IPO suspended due to lowdemand
verse o rs correa on e. anOGX, two strongly linked companies)
Focusing only on big operations (more thanInternational MealCompany
> IPO cancelled due to low demandeven after price lowering
45Source: Clippings, Annual Reports, Roland Berger
Holding ofrestaurants
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Rethink the role of the corporate headquarter6Corporate headquarter: A decisive element to create value
> Sustainable growth, internationalization andnew businesses increase the requirements
Relatedness of the business in the portfo lio
for Brazilian corporate headquarters
> The ability of the corporate headquarter tocontribute to business development depends
SYNERGIES
Emerson ICI
ShellSingaporeAirlines
on the portfolio logic
Related diversification: facilitatingsynergies
KKR
Hutchison
Swire
Unilever
anon
(financial) resources
> Not aligning the corporate headquarter to the
Low
DESTRUCTIONOF VALUE
Hanson
Portfolioinvestor
Strategicarchitect
Strategiccontroller
Operator
46Source: Roland Berger
Role of the center(involvement in operative decisions)
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And become a truly global player7Global Leader from Brazil
1
> Different industries with different successfactors require different strategies for growth
. .
Anheuser-BuschInBev
#1 Brewery 80%
> However, there is one common pattern forsuccessfully becoming a global leader
First creating a national champion in
JBS #1 Food Products 33%
Cosan #1 Sugar Cane & Ethanol 55%
Brazil Then, based on a strong national
footprint, pursuing global expansion
Embraco #1 Compressors N.A.
Marco olo #1 Bus Bod Buildin 39% > The global leaders cannot and will not standstill looking for global opportunities,reinventing their business models and
Vale #2 Mining 83%
47
Source : Thomson Reuters, Annual reports
Embraer #3 Aerospace CommercialPlanes
96%
1) 2008 values
CONCLUSION
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CONCLUSION
Brazil creating the future with itsentre reneurial s irit and coura e
"By itself, resolution is anact of courage and, if it
develops into a personaltrait, becomes a habit ofthe soul"
Carl Philipp Gottfried
48
von Clausewitz
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Hauke Moje Rodrigo Dantas
Corporate Strategy Financial Services
Portfolio Management,
Mergers & Acquisitions,Post Merger Integration
Head of Financial Services
and Co-Managing Partner ofBrazilian Office
,04543-906 So Paulo I Brazil
Phone +55 11 3046-7039Fax +55 11 3046-7222
,04543-906 So Paulo I Brazil
Phone +55 11 3046-7111Fax +55 11 3046-7222
49
Mobile +5511 7203-7222
Mobile +5511 7203-7322