The Writer’s voice grade boundary Nov 2013:

A* A B C D ERaw 64 48 40 32 25 18 14

Of Mice and Men

Of Mice and MenExtract taken from Section IIA tall man stood in the doorway. He held a crushed Stetson hat under his arm while hecombed his long, black, damp hair straight back. Like the others he wore blue jeans anda short denim jacket. When he had finished combing his hair he moved into the room,and he moved with a majesty only achieved by royalty and master craftsmen. He wasa jerkline skinner, the prince of the ranch, capable of driving ten, sixteen, even twentymules with a single line to the leaders. He was capable of killing a fly on the wheeler’sbutt with a bull whip without touching the mule. There was a gravity in his manner anda quiet so profound that all talk stopped when he spoke. His authority was so greatthat his word was taken on any subject, be it politics or love. This was Slim, the jerklineskinner. His hatchet face was ageless. He might have been thirty-five or fifty. His earheard more than was said to him, and his slow speech had overtones not of thought, butof understanding beyond thought. His hands, large and lean, were as delicate in theiraction as those of a temple dancer.He smoothed out his crushed hat, creased it in the middle and put it on. He lookedkindly at the two in the bunk house. ‘It’s brighter’n a bitch outside,’ he said gently. ‘ Can’thardly see nothing in here. You the new guys?’‘Just come,’ said George.‘Gonna buck barley?’‘That’s what the boss says.’Slim sat down on a box across the table from George. He studied the solitaire hand thatwas upside down to him. ‘Hope you get on my team,’ he said. His voice was very gentle. ‘Igotta pair of punks on my team that don’t know a barley bag from a blue ball. You guysever bucked any barley?’‘Hell, yes,’ said George. ‘I ain’t nothing to scream about, but that big bastard there can putup more grain alone than most pairs can.’Lennie, who had been following the conversation back and forth with his eyes, smiledcomplacently at the compliment. Slim looked approvingly at George for having giventhe compliment. He leaned over the table and snapped the corner of a loose card.‘You guys travel around together?’ His tone was friendly. It invited confidence withoutdemanding it.‘Sure,’ said George. ‘We kinda look after each other.’ He indicated Lennie with his thumb.‘He ain’t bright. Hell of a good worker, though. Hell of a nice fella, but he ain’t bright.I’ve knew him for a long time.’Slim looked through George and beyond him. ‘Ain’t many guys travel around together,’he mused. ‘I don’t know why. Maybe ever’body in the whole damn world is scared ofeach other.’

5 Answer all parts of the following question.(a) Explore how the language in the extract influences your view of Slim.You must include examples of language features in your answer.(16)(b) Slim is one of the male characters in the novel.Explore how the writer presents another male character in one other part of thenovel.You must use examples of the language the writer uses to support your ideas.(24)(Total for Question 5 = 40 marks)

June 2011

Of Mice and MenExtract taken from Section 3.‘George, how long’s it gonna be till we get that little place an’ live on the fatta the lan’ –an’ rabbits?’‘I don’t know,’ said George. ‘We gotta get a big stake together. I know a little place wecan get cheap, but they ain’t givin’ it away.’Old Candy turned slowly over. His eyes were wide open. He watched George carefully.Lennie said, ‘Tell about that place, George.’‘I jus’ tol’ you, jus’ las’ night.’‘Go on – tell again, George.’‘Well, it’s ten acres,’ said George. ‘Got a little win’mill. Got a little shack on it, an’ a chickenrun. Got a kitchen, orchard, cherries, apples, peaches, ’cots, nuts, got a few berries. They’sa place for alfalfa and plenty water to flood it. They’s a pig pen – ‘‘An’ rabbits, George.’‘No place for rabbits now, but I could easy build a few hutches and you could feed alfalfato the rabbits.’‘Damn right, I could,’ said Lennie. ‘You God damn right I could.’George’s hands stopped working with the cards. His voice was growing warmer. ‘An’ wecould have a few pigs. I could build a smoke house like the one gran’pa had, an’ whenwe kill a pig we can smoke the bacon and the hams, and make sausage an’ all like that.An’ when the salmon run up river we could catch a hundred of ’em an’ salt ’em down orsmoke ’em. We could have them for breakfast. They ain’t nothing so nice as smokedsalmon. When the fruit come in we could can it – and tomatoes, they’re easy to can.Ever’ Sunday we’d kill a chicken or a rabbit. Maybe we’d have a cow or a goat, and thecream is so God damn thick you got to cut it with a knife and take it out with a spoon.’Lennie watched him with wide eyes, and old Candy watched him too. Lennie said softly,‘We could live off the fatta the lan’.’‘Sure,’ said George. ‘All kin’s a vegetables in the garden, and if we want a little whisky wecan sell a few eggs or something, or some milk. We’d jus’ live there. We’d belong there.There wouldn’t be no more runnin’ round the country and getting’ fed by a Jap cook. No,sir, we’d have our own place where we belonged and not sleep in no bunk house.’‘Tell about the house, George,’ Lennie begged.‘Sure, we’d have a little house an’ a room to ourself. Little fat iron stove, an’ in the winterwe’d keep a fire goin’ in it. It ain’t enough land so we’d have to work too hard. Maybe six,seven hours a day. We wouldn’t have to buck no barley eleven hours a day. An’ whenwe put in a crop, why, we’d be there to take the crop up. We’d know what come of ourplanting.’‘An’ rabbits,’ Lennie said eagerly. ‘An’ I’d take care of ’em. Tell how I’d do that, George.’

Of Mice and Men5 Answer all parts of the following question.(a) Explore how the language in the extract influences your view of George’s andLennie’s hopes and dreams for the future.You must include examples of language features in your answer.(16)(b) In the novel, hopes and dreams for the future are important.Explore what you learn about hopes and dreams in one other part of the novel.You must use examples of the language the writer uses to support your ideas.(24)

January 2012

Of Mice and MenExtract taken from Section 5.He looked down at her, and carefully he removed his hand from over her mouth, andshe lay still. ‘I don’t want ta hurt you,’ he said, ‘but George’ll be mad if you yell.’ When shedidn’t answer nor move he bent closely over her. He lifted her arm and let it drop. For amoment he seemed bewildered. And then he whispered in fright, ‘I done a bad thing.’‘I done another bad thing.’He pawed up the hay until it partly covered her.From outside the barn came a cry of men and the double clang of shoes on metal. Forthe first time Lennie became conscious of the outside. He crouched down in the hay andlistened. ‘I done a real bad thing,’ he said. ‘I shouldn’t of did that. George’ll be mad.An’ … he said … an’ hide in the brush till he come. He’s gonna be mad. In the brush tillhe come. Tha’s what he said.’ Lennie went back and looked at the dead girl. The puppylay close to her. Lennie picked it up. ‘I’ll throw him away,’ he said. ‘It’s bad enough like itis.’ He put the pup under his coat, and he crept to the barn wall and peered out betweenthe cracks, toward the horseshoe game. And then he crept around the end of the lastmanger and disappeared.The sun streaks were high on the wall by now, and the light was growing soft in the barn.Curley’s wife lay on her back, and she was half covered with hay.It was very quiet in the barn, and the quiet of the afternoon was on the ranch. Even theclang of the pitched shoes, even the voices of the men in the game seemed to growmore quiet. The air in the barn was dusky in advance of the outside day. A pigeon flewin through the open hay door and circled and flew out again. Around the last stall camea shepherd bitch, lean and long, with heavy, hanging dugs. Halfway to the packing boxwhere the puppies were she caught the dead scent of Curley’s wife, and the hair rosealong her spine. She whimpered and cringed to the packing box, and jumped in amongthe puppies.Curley’s wife lay with a half-covering of yellow hay. And the meanness and the planningsand the discontent and the ache for attention were all gone from her face. She wasvery pretty and simple, and her face was sweet and young. Now her rouged cheeks andher reddened lips made her seem alive and sleeping very lightly. The curls, tiny littlesausages, were spread on the hay behind her head, and her lips were parted.As happens sometimes, a moment settled and hovered and remained for much morethan a moment. And sound stopped and movement stopped for much, much more than

a moment.

Of Mice and Men5 Answer all parts of the following question.(a) Explore how the language in the extract influences your view of what takes placeafter the death of Curley’s wife.You must include examples of language features in your response.(16)(b) This extract shows an important event.Explore how an important event is presented in one other part of the novel.Use examples of the language the writer uses to support your ideas.(24)

June 2012

Mice and Men Chapter 3Then Curley's rage exploded. "Come on, ya big bastard. Get up onyour feet. No big son-of-a-bitch is gonna laugh at me. I'll show yawho's yella."Lennie looked helplessly at George, and then he got up and triedto retreat. Curley was balanced and poised. He slashed at Lenniewith his left, and then smashed down his nose with a right. Lenniegave a cry of terror. Blood welled from his nose. "George," hecried. "Make 'um let me alone, George." He backed until he was againstthe wall, and Curley followed, slugging him in the face. Lennie'shands remained at his sides; he was too frightened to defend himself.George was on his feet yelling, "Get him, Lennie. Don't let him doit."Lennie covered his face with his huge paws and bleated withterror. He cried, "Make 'um stop, George." Then Curley attacked hisstomach and cut off his wind.Slim jumped up. "The dirty little rat," he cried, "I'll get 'ummyself."George put out his hand and grabbed Slim. "Wait a minute," heshouted. He cupped his hands around his mouth and yelled, "Get 'im,Lennie!"Lennie took his hands away from his face and looked about forGeorge, and Curley slashed at his eyes. The big face was coveredwith blood. George yelled again, "I said get him."Curley's fist was swinging when Lennie reached for it. The nextminute Curley was flopping like a fish on a line, and his closedfist was lost in Lennie's big hand. George ran down the room. "Leggoof him, Lennie. Let go."But Lennie watched in terror the flopping little man whom he held.Blood ran down Lennie's face, one of his eyes was cut and closed.George slapped him in the face again and again, and still Lennieheld on to the closed fist. Curley was white and shrunken by now,and his struggling had become weak. He stood crying, his fist lostin Lennie's paw.George shouted over and over. "Leggo his hand, Lennie. Leggo.Slim, come help me while the guy got any hand left."Suddenly Lennie let go his hold. He crouched cowering against thewall. "You tol' me to, George," he said miserably.Curley sat down on the floor, looking in wonder at his crushed hand.Slim and Carlson bent over him. Then Slim straightened up and regardedLennie with horror. "We got to get him in to a doctor," he said."Looks to me like ever' bone in his han' is bust.""I didn't wanta," Lennie cried. "I didn't wanta hurt him."

Of Mice and Men5 Answer all parts of the following question.(a) Explore how the language in the extract influences your view of Curley.You must include examples of language features in your answer.(16)(b)Explore what you learn about Curley in one other part of the novel.You must use examples of the language the writer uses to support your ideas.(24)

November 2012

Extract taken from Section 3.From his pocket Carlson took a little leather thong. He stooped over and tied it aroundthe dog’s neck. All the men except Candy watched him. ‘Come, boy. Come on, boy,’ hesaid gently. And he said apologetically to Candy, ‘He won’t even feel it.’ Candy did notmove nor answer him. He twitched the thong. ‘Come on, boy.’ The old dog got slowlyand stiffly to his feet and followed the gently pulling leash.Slim said, ‘Carlson.’‘Yeah?’‘You know what to do.’‘What ya mean, Slim?’‘Take a shovel,’ said Slim shortly.‘Oh, sure! I get you.’ He led the dog out into the darkness.George followed to the door and shut the door and set the latch gently in its place.Candy lay rigidly on his bed staring at the ceiling.Slim said loudly, ‘One of my lead mules got a bad hoof. Got to get some tar on it.’ Hisvoice trailed off. It was silent outside. Carlson’s footsteps died away. The silence cameinto the room. And the silence lasted.George chuckled, ‘I bet Lennie’s right out there in the barn with his pup. He won’t wantto come in here no more now he’s got a pup.’Slim said, ‘Candy, you can have any one of them pups you want.’Candy did not answer. The silence fell on the room again. It came out of the night andinvaded the room. George said, ‘Anybody like to play a little euchre?’‘I’ll play out a few with you,’ said Whit.They took places opposite each other at the table under the light, but George did notshuffle the cards. He rippled the edge of the deck nervously, and the little snappingnoise drew the eyes of all the men in the room, so that he stopped doing it. The silencefell on the room again. A minute passed, and another minute. Candy lay still, staringat the ceiling. Slim gazed at him for a moment and then looked down at his hands; hesubdued one hand with the other, and held it down. There came a little gnawing soundfrom under the floor and all the men looked down toward it gratefully. Only Candycontinued to stare at the ceiling.‘Sounds like there was a rat under there,’ said George. ‘We ought to get a trap downthere.’Whit broke out, ‘What the hell’s takin’ him so long? Lay out some cards, why don’t you?We ain’t going to get no euchre played this way.’George brought the cards together tightly and studied the backs of them. The silencewas in the room again.A shot sounded in the distance. The men looked quickly at the old man. Every headturned toward him.For a moment he continued to stare at the ceiling. Then he rolled slowly over and facedthe wall and lay silent.

January 2013

Of Mice and Men5 Answer (a) and (b).(a) Explore how the language in the extract influences your view of the reactions tothe events described.You must include examples of language features in your answer.(16)(b) In the extract, the men react to the incident involving Candy’s dog.Explore an event and the reactions to it in one other part of the novel.You must use examples of the language the writer uses to support your ideas.(24)

Of Mice and MenExtract taken from Section 3.Slim and George came into the darkening bunk house together. Slim reached up overthe card table and turned on the tin-shaded electric light. Instantly the table was brilliantwith light, and the cone of the shade threw its brightness straight downward, leavingthe corners of the bunk house still in dusk. Slim sat down on a box and George took hisplace opposite.‘It wasn’t nothing,’ said Slim. ‘I would of had to drowned most of ’em anyways. No needto thank me about that.’George said, ‘It wasn’t much to you, maybe, but it was a hell of a lot to him. Jesus Christ,I don’t know how we’re gonna get him to sleep in here. He’ll want to sleep right out inthe barn with ’em. We’ll have trouble keepin’ him from getting right in the box with thempups.’‘It wasn’t nothing,’ Slim repeated. ‘Say, you sure was right about him. Maybe he ain’tbright but I never seen such a worker. He damn near killed his partner buckin’ barley.There ain’t nobody can keep up with him. God awmighty I never seen such a strong guy.’George spoke proudly. ‘Jus’ tell Lennie what to do an’ he’ll do it if it don’t take no figuring.He can’t think of nothing to do himself, but he sure can take orders.’There was a clang of horseshoe on iron stake outside and a little cheer of voices.Slim moved back slightly so the light was not on his face. ‘Funny how you an’ him stringalong together.’ It was Slim’s calm invitation to confidence.‘What’s funny about it?’ George demanded defensively.‘Oh, I dunno. Hardly none of the guys ever travel together. I hardly never seen twoguys travel together. You know how the hands are, they just come in and get their bunkand work a month, and then they quit and go out alone. Never seem to give a damnabout nobody. It jus’ seems kinda funny a cuckoo like him and a smart little guy like youtravelin’ together.’‘He ain’t no cuckoo,’ said George. ‘He’s dumb as hell, but he ain’t crazy. An’ I ain’t so brightneither, or I wouldn’t be buckin’ barley for my fifty and found. If I was bright, if I was evena little bit smart, I’d have my own little place, an’ I’d be bringin’ in my own crops, ’stead ofdoin’ all the work and not getting what comes up outta the ground.’ George fell silent.He wanted to talk. Slim neither encouraged nor discouraged him. He just sat back quietand receptive.‘It ain’t so funny, him an’ me goin’ aroun’ together,’ George said at last. ‘Him and me wasboth born in Auburn. I knowed his Aunt Clara. She took him when he was a baby andraised him up. When his Aunt Clara died, Lennie just come along with me out workin’.Got kinda used to each other after a little while.’

Of Mice and Men5 Answer all parts of the following question.(a) Explore how the language in the extract influences your view of the relationshipbetween Slim and George.You must include examples of language features in your response.(16)(b) In this extract, we learn about George’s character.Explore the character of George in one other part of the novel.You must use examples of the language the writer uses to support your ideas.(24)

June 2013

To Kill a Mockingbird

To Kill a MockingbirdExtract taken from Chapter XXVIIII felt the sand go cold under my feet and I knew we were near the big oak. Jem pressedmy head. We stopped and listened.Shuffle-foot had not stopped with us this time. His trousers swished softly and steadily.Then they stopped. He was running, running towards us with no child’s steps.‘Run, Scout! Run! Run!’ Jem screamed.I took one giant step and found myself reeling: my arms useless, in the dark, I could notkeep my balance.‘Jem, Jem, help me, Jem!’Something crushed the chicken wire around me. Metal ripped on metal and I fell tothe ground and rolled as far as I could, floundering to escape my wire prison. Fromsomewhere near by came scuffling, kicking sounds, sounds of shoes and flesh scrapingdirt and roots. Someone rolled against me and I felt Jem. He was up like lightning andpulling me with him but though my head and shoulders were free, I was so entangled wedidn’t get very far.We were nearly to the road when I felt Jem’s hand leave me, felt him jerk backwards tothe ground. More scuffling, and there came a dull crunching sound and Jem screamed.I ran in the direction of Jem’s scream and sank into a flabby male stomach. Its ownersaid, ‘Uff!’ and tried to catch my arms, but they were tightly pinioned. His stomach wassoft but his arms were like steel. He slowly squeezed the breath out of me. I could notmove. Suddenly he was jerked backwards and flung to the ground, almost carrying mewith him. I thought, Jem’s up.One’s mind works very slowly at times. Stunned, I stood there dumbly. The scufflingnoises were dying; someone wheezed and the night was still again.Still but for a man breathing heavily, breathing heavily and staggering. I thought hewent to the tree and leaned against it. He coughed violently, a sobbing, bone-shakingcough.‘Jem?’There was no answer but the man’s heavy breathing.‘Jem?’Jem didn’t answer.The man began moving around, as if searching for something. I heard him groan andpull something heavy along the ground. It was slowly coming to me that there werenow four people under the tree.‘Atticus…?’The man was walking heavily and unsteadily towards the road.I went to where I thought he had been and felt frantically along the ground, reaching outwith my toes. Presently I touched someone.‘Jem?’My toes touched trousers, a belt-buckle, buttons, something I could not identify, a collarand a face. A prickly stubble on the face told me it was not Jem’s. I smelled stale whisky.

To Kill a Mockingbird8 Answer all parts of the following question.(a) Explore how the language in the extract influences your view of Scout’s terrifyingexperience.You must include examples of language features in your answer.(16)(b) The extract describes an important event.Explore how the writer presents an important event which takes place in oneother part of the novel.You must use examples of the language the writer uses to support your ideas.(24)(Total for Question 8 = 40 marks)

June 2011

To Kill a MockingbirdExtract taken from Chapter XI.What Jem did was something I’d do as a matter of course had I not been under Atticus’sinterdict, which I assumed included not fighting horrible old ladies. We had just cometo her gate when Jem snatched my baton and ran flailing wildly up the steps intoMrs Dubose’s front yard, forgetting everything Atticus had said, forgetting that shepacked a pistol under her shawls, forgetting that if Mrs Dubose missed, her girl Jessieprobably wouldn’t.He did not begin to calm down until he had cut the tops off every camellia bush MrsDubose owned, until the ground was littered with green buds and leaves. He bent mybaton against his knee, snapped it in two and threw it down.By that time I was shrieking. Jem yanked my hair, said he didn’t care, he’d do it again if hegot a chance, and if I didn’t shut up he’d pull every hair out of my head. I didn’t shut upand he kicked me. I lost my balance and fell on my face. Jem picked me up roughly butlooked like he was sorry. There was nothing to say.We did not choose to meet Atticus coming home that evening. We skulked around thekitchen until Calpurnia threw us out. By some voo-doo system Calpurnia seemed toknow all about it. She was a less than satisfactory source of palliation, but she did giveJem a hot biscuit-and-butter which he tore in half and shared with me. It tasted likecotton.We went to the living room. I picked up a football magazine, found a picture of DixieHowell, showed it to Jem and said, ‘This looks like you.’ That was the nicest thing I couldthink to say to him, but it was no help. He sat by the windows, hunched down in arocking chair, scowling, waiting. Daylight faded.Two geological ages later, we heard the soles of Atticus’s shoes scrape the front steps.The screen door slammed, there was a pause – Atticus was at the hat-rack in the hall –and we heard him call, ‘Jem!’ His voice was like the winter wind.Atticus switched on the ceiling-light in the living-room and found us there, frozen still.He carried my baton in one hand; its filthy yellow tassel trailed on the rug. He held outhis other hand; it contained fat camellia buds.‘Jem,’ he said, ‘are you responsible for this?’‘Yes sir.’‘Why’d you do it?’Jem said softly, ‘She said you lawed for niggers and trash.’‘You did this because she said that?’Jem’s lips moved, but his, ‘Yes sir,’ was inaudible.‘Son, I have no doubt that you’ve been annoyed by your contemporaries aboutme lawing for niggers, as you say, but to do something like this to a sick old lady isinexcusable. I strongly advise you to go down and have a talk with Mrs Dubose,’ saidAtticus. ‘Come straight home afterwards.’

To Kill a Mockingbird8 Answer all parts of the following question.(a) Explore how the language in the extract influences your view of Jem’s relationshipwith his family.You must include examples of language features in your answer.(16)(b) In the extract we see the importance of family relationships.Explore the relationships in the Finch family in one other part of the novel.You must use examples of the language the writer uses to support your ideas.(24)

(Total for Question 8 = 40 marks)

January 2012

To Kill a MockingbirdExtract taken from Chapter VII.That fall was a long one, hardly cool enough for a light jacket. Jem and I were trotting inour orbit one mild October afternoon when our knot-hole stopped us again. Somethingwhite was inside this time.Jem let me do the honours; I pulled out two small images carved in soap. One was thefigure of a boy, the other wore a crude dress.Before I remembered that there was no such thing as hoo-dooing, I shrieked and threwthem down.Jem snatched them up. ‘What’s the matter with you? he yelled. He rubbed the figures freeof red dust. ‘These are good,’ he said. ‘I’ve never seen any these good.’He held them down to me. They were almost perfect miniatures of two children. The boyhad on shorts, and a shock of soapy hair fell to his eyebrows. I looked up at Jem. A pointof straight brown hair kicked downwards from his parting. I had never noticed it before.Jem looked from the girl-doll to me. The girl-doll wore bangs. So did I.‘These are us,’ he said.‘Who did ’em, you reckon?’‘Who do we know around here who whittles?’ he asked.‘Mr Avery.’‘Mr Avery just does like this. I mean carves.’Mr Avery averaged a stick of stovewood per week; he honed it down to a toothpick andchewed it.‘There’s old Miss Stephanie Crawford’s sweetheart,’ I said.‘He carves all right, but he lives down the country. When would he ever pay any attentionto us?’‘Maybe he sits on the porch and looks at us instead of Miss Stephanie. If I was him, I would.’Jem stared at me so long I asked what was the matter, but got Nothing, Scout for ananswer. When we went home, Jem put the dolls in his trunk.Less than two weeks later we found a whole package of chewing-gum, which we enjoyed,the fact that everything on the Radley Place was poison having slipped Jem’s memory.The following week the knot-hole yielded a tarnished medal. Jem showed it to Atticus,who said it was a spelling medal, that before we were born the Maycomb County schoolshad spelling contests and awarded medals to the winners. Atticus said someone musthave lost it, and had we asked around? Jem camel-kicked me when I tried to say where wehad found it. Jem asked Atticus if he remembered anybody who ever won one, and Atticussaid no.Our biggest prize appeared four days later. It was a pocket-watch that wouldn’t run, on achain with an aluminium knife.‘You reckon it’s white gold, Jem?’‘Don’t know. I’ll show it to Atticus.’Atticus said it would probably be worth ten dollars, knife, chain and all, if it were new.

To Kill a Mockingbird8 Answer all parts of the following question.(a) Explore how the language in the extract influences your view of the incident ofthe gifts in the knot-hole.You must include examples of language features in your answer.(16)(b) This extract shows how Jem and Scout react to this important incident.Explore how Scout reacts to an important incident in one other part of the novel.You must use examples of the language the writer uses to support your ideas.(24)

June 2012

November 2012

To kill a mocking bird Chapter 21

Atticus had stopped his tranquil journey and had put his foot onto the bottom rung of a chair; as he listened to what Mr. Tate was saying, he ran his hand slowly up and down his thigh. I expected Mr. Tate to say any minute, “Take him, Mr. Finch…” But Mr. Tate said, “This court will come to order,” in a voice that rang with authority, and the heads below us jerked up. Mr. Tate left the room and returned with Tom Robinson. He steered Tom to his place beside Atticus, and stood there. Judge Taylor had roused himself to sudden alertness and was sitting up straight, looking at the empty jury box. What happened after that had a dreamlike quality: in a dream I saw the jury return, moving like underwater swimmers, and Judge Taylor’s voice came from far away and was tiny. I saw something only a lawyer’s child could be expected to see, could be expected to watch for, and it was like watching Atticus walk into the street, raise a rifle to his shoulder and pull the trigger, but watching all the time knowing that the gun was empty. A jury never looks at a defendant it has convicted, and when this jury came in, not one of them looked at Tom Robinson. The foreman handed a piece of paper to Mr. Tate who handed it to the clerk who handed it to the judge… I shut my eyes. Judge Taylor was polling the jury: “Guilty… guilty… guilty… guilty…” I peeked at Jem: his hands were white from gripping the balcony rail, and his shoulders jerked as if each “guilty” was a separate stab between them. Judge Taylor was saying something. His gavel was in his fist, but he wasn’t using it. Dimly, I saw Atticus pushing papers from the table into his briefcase. He snapped it shut, went to the court reporter and said something, nodded to Mr. Gilmer, and then went to Tom Robinson and whispered something to him. Atticus put his hand on Tom’s shoulder as he whispered. Atticus took his coat off the back of his chair and pulled it over his shoulder. Then he left the courtroom, but not by his usual exit. He must have wanted to go home the short way, because he walked quickly down the middle aisle toward the south exit. I followed the top of his head as he made his way to the door. He did not look up. Someone was punching me, but I was reluctant to take my eyes from the people below us, and from the image of Atticus’s lonely walk down the aisle. “Miss Jean Louise?” I looked around. They were standing. All around us and in the balcony on the opposite wall, the Negroes were getting to their feet. Reverend Sykes’s voice was as distant as Judge Taylor’s: “Miss Jean Louise, stand up. Your father’s passin’.”

To Kill a Mockingbird8 Answer all parts of the following question.(a) Explore how the language in the extract influences your view of Scou’t description of events in the courtroom.You must include examples of language features in your answer.(16)(b) In the extract we see a dramatic eventExplore another dramatic event in one other part of the novel.You must use examples of the language the writer uses to support your ideas.(24)

(Total for Question 8 = 40 marks)

To Kill a MockingbirdExtract taken from Chapter XII.First Purchase African M.E. Church was in the Quarters outside the southern town limits, acrossthe old sawmill tracks. It was an ancient paint-peeled frame building, the only church inMaycomb with a steeple and bell, called First Purchase because it was paid for from the firstearnings of freed slaves. Negroes worshipped in it on Sundays and white men gambled in it onweekdays.The churchyard was brick-hard clay, as was the cemetery beside it. If someone died during adry spell, the body was covered with chunks of ice until rain softened the earth. A few graves inthe cemetery were marked with crumbling tombstones; newer ones were outlined with brightlycoloured glass and broken Coca-Cola bottles. Lightning rods guarding some graves denoteddead who rested uneasily; stumps of burned-out candles stood at the heads of infant graves. Itwas a happy cemetery.The warm bittersweet smell of clean Negro welcomed us as we entered the churchyard—Heartsof Love hairdressing mingled with asafoetida, snuff, Hoyt’s Cologne, Brown’s Mule, peppermint,and lilac talcum.When they saw Jem and me with Calpurnia, the men stepped back and took off their hats;the women crossed their arms at their waists, weekday gestures of respectful attention. Theyparted and made a small pathway to the church door for us. Calpurnia walked between Jemand me, responding to the greetings of her brightly clad neighbours.‘What you up to, Miss Cal?’ said a voice behind us.Calpurnia’s hands went to our shoulders and we stopped and looked around; standing in thepath behind us was a tall Negro woman. Her weight was on one leg; she rested her left elbowin the curve of her hip, pointing at us with upturned palm. She was bullet-headed with strangealmond-shaped eyes, straight nose, and an Indian-bow mouth. She seemed seven feet high.I felt Calpurnia’s hand dig into my shoulder. ‘What you want, Lula?’ she asked, in tones I hadnever heard her use. She spoke quietly, contemptuously.‘I wants to know why you bringin’ white chillun to nigger church.’‘They’s my comp’ny,’ said Calpurnia. Again I thought her voice strange: she was talking like therest of them.‘Yeah, an’ I reckon you’s comp’ny at the Finch house durin’ the week.’A murmur ran through the crowd. ‘Don’t you fret,’ Calpurnia whispered to me, but the roses onher hat trembled indignantly.When Lula came up the pathway towards us Calpurnia said, ‘Stop right there, nigger.’Lula stopped, but she said, ‘You ain’t got no business bringin’ white chillun here—they got theirchurch, we got our’n. It is our church, ain’t it, Miss Cal?’Calpurnia said, ‘It’s the same God, ain’t it?’Jem said, ‘Let’s go home, Cal, they don’t want us here—’I agreed: they did not want us here. I sensed, rather than saw, that we were being advancedupon. They seemed to be drawing closer to us, but when I looked up at Calpurnia there wasamusement in her eyes.

To Kill a Mockingbird8 Answer (a) and (b).(a) Explore how the language in the extract influences your view of the visit of Scoutand Jem to the church.You must include examples of language features in your answer.(16)(b) Scout and Jem visit different places in Maycomb County.Explore how Scout and Jem react to a place they visit in one other part of thenovel.You must use examples of the language the writer uses to support your ideas.(24)

January 2013

To Kill a MockingbirdExtract taken from Chapter 10 (X).Tim Johnson was advancing at a snail’s pace, but he was not playing or sniffing at foliage:he seemed dedicated to one course and motivated by an invisible force that was inchinghim towards us. We could see him shiver like a horse shedding flies; his jaw opened andshut; he was alist, but he was being pulled gradually towards us.‘He’s lookin’ for a place to die,’ said Jem.Mr Tate turned around. ‘He’s far from dead, Jem, he hasn’t got started yet.’Tim Johnson reached the side-street that ran in front of the Radley Place, and whatremained of his poor mind made him pause and seem to consider which road he wouldtake. He made a few hesitant steps and stopped in front of the Radley gate; then he triedto turn around, but was having difficulty.Atticus said, ‘He’s within range, Heck. You better get him now before he goes down theside street – Lord knows who’s around the corner. Go inside, Cal.’Calpurnia opened the screen door, latched it behind her, then unlatched it and held on tothe hook. She tried to block Jem and me with her body, but we looked out from beneathher arms.‘Take him, Mr Finch.’ Mr Tate handed the rifle to Atticus; Jem and I nearly fainted.‘Don’t waste time, Heck,’ said Atticus. ‘Go on.’‘Mr Finch, this is a one-shot job.’Atticus shook his head vehemently: ‘Don’t just stand there, Heck! He won’t wait all dayfor you – ’‘For God’s sake, Mr Finch, look where he is! Miss and you’ll go straight into the Radleyhouse! I can’t shoot that well and you know it!’‘I haven’t shot a gun in thirty years – ’Mr Tate almost threw the rifle at Atticus. ‘I’d feel mighty comfortable if you did now,’ hesaid.In a fog, Jem and I watched our father take the gun and walk out into the middle of thestreet. He walked quickly, but I thought he moved like an underwater swimmer; timehad slowed to a nauseating crawl.When Atticus raised his glasses Calpurnia murmured, ‘Sweet Jesus help him,’ and put herhands to her cheeks.Atticus pushed his glasses to his forehead; they slipped down, and he dropped them inthe street. In the silence, I heard them crack. Atticus rubbed his eyes and chin; we sawhim blink hard.In front of the Radley gate, Tim Johnson had made up what was left of his mind. He hadfinally turned himself around, to pursue his original course up our street. He made twosteps forward, then stopped and raised his head. We saw his body go rigid.With movements so swift they seemed simultaneous, Atticus’s hand yanked a ball-tippedlever as he brought the gun to his shoulder.The rifle cracked. Tim Johnson leaped, flopped over and crumpled on the sidewalk in abrown-and-white heap. He didn’t know what hit him.

To Kill a Mockingbird8 Answer all parts of the following question.(a) Explore how the language in the extract influences your view of the character ofAtticus.You must include examples of language features in your response.(16)(b) In this extract, the character of Atticus is presented.Explore the character of Atticus in one other part of the novel.You must use examples of the language the writer uses to support your ideas.(24)

June 2013

SECTION B: WRITING - 24 marksAnswer ONE question in this section.EITHER

9 Your local newspaper is publishing a special edition about the 2012 London OlympicGames. The newspaper wants to include young people’s views.Write a contribution which gives your views about the 2012 London Olympic Games.OR10 Write a magazine article which explains the importance of one modern invention thatyou think has really changed people’s lives.

9 Write an article on personal safety for a website for young people.OR10 Your local newspaper has published an article with the title ‘Mobile phones areessential for modern life’.Write a letter to the newspaper giving your views on this topic.

*9 There have been a number of serious traffic accidents involving children on a busyroad in your area.Write a letter to your local Council, suggesting ways in which such accidents could beavoided.OR*10Write an article for a teenage magazine in which you explain what changes teenagerscould make to their lives and why.

*9 ‘Young people spend too much money on clothes and are too often influenced bybrands and designer labels.’Write an article to be included in an online magazine, giving your views on this topic.OR*1 0 Your School or College Council wants to appoint new student members to make surestudents’ views are represented.Write the text of a speech you would deliver to the Council giving reasons why youshould be appointed.

*9 A teenage magazine is including articles on the topic ‘Everybody needs a role model’.Write an article for the magazine describing your chosen role model.OR*1 0 Many schools and colleges help a charity by having a ‘Make a Difference Day’.Write the text for a speech to give to a class or group, explaining your ideas for such aday in your school or college.