The World Leader in Alloy The World Leader in Alloy Analysis InstrumentationAnalysis Instrumentation

PresentsPresents

The World Leader in Alloy The World Leader in Alloy Analysis InstrumentationAnalysis Instrumentation

PresentsPresents

Effective QA/QC in Alloy Product Effective QA/QC in Alloy Product ManufacturingManufacturing

Effective QA/QC in Alloy Product Effective QA/QC in Alloy Product ManufacturingManufacturing

Positive Materials Identification

Matching Material to FunctionMatching Material to Function

For Lightness and DurabilityFor Lightness and Durability

Lightness and Durability

Corrosion Resistance

Worker SAFETY

PProduct roduct QQuality uality CControl is Essentialontrol is Essential

In Virtually In Virtually AllAll Manufacturing Manufacturing

IndustriesIndustries

PProduct roduct QQuality uality CControl is Essentialontrol is Essential

In Virtually In Virtually AllAll Manufacturing Manufacturing

IndustriesIndustries

Consequences of Consequences of Using IncorrectUsing Incorrect

Materials Can Range Materials Can Range From:From:

Consequences of Consequences of Using IncorrectUsing Incorrect

Materials Can Range Materials Can Range From:From:

ToTo

An Effective QA An Effective QA Program Must IncludeProgram Must Include

Alloy Material Alloy Material VerificationVerification

An Effective QA An Effective QA Program Must IncludeProgram Must Include

Alloy Material Alloy Material VerificationVerification

X-ray fluorescence X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technology has (XRF) technology has been the number one been the number one choice for alloy choice for alloy material verification material verification in a wide range of in a wide range of industries for many industries for many years.years.

X-ray fluorescence X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technology has (XRF) technology has been the number one been the number one choice for alloy choice for alloy material verification material verification in a wide range of in a wide range of industries for many industries for many years.years.

Benefits of XRF Analysis:

Benefits of XRF Analysis:

Fast Fast ResultsResults

Positive identification and Positive identification and analysis data in secondsanalysis data in seconds

Accurate Accurate DataData

Newest generation Newest generation instruments provide lab-instruments provide lab-quality dataquality data

Non Non DestructivDestructivee

Can be safely used to test Can be safely used to test finished productfinished product

Ease of Ease of useuse

Simple to operate and Simple to operate and maintain – maintain – doesn’t require doesn’t require technical expertisetechnical expertise

XRF Analysis of XRF Analysis of AlloysAlloys

XRF Analysis of XRF Analysis of AlloysAlloysH

1 Hydrogen

Li3 L

ithium

Na11 S

odium

B5 B

oron

Al13 A

luminum

C6 C

arbon

Si14 S

ilicon

N7 N

itrogen

P15 P

hosphorus

O8 O

xygen

S16 S

ulfur

F9 F

luorine

Cl17 C

hlorine Ar

18 Argon

Ne10 N

eon

He2 H

elium

Be4 B

eryllium

57-71

89-103

Mg12 M

agnesium

Lr103 L

awrenciumNo

102 NobeliumMd

101 MendeliumFm

100 FermiumEs

99 EinsteiniumCf

98 CaliforniumBk

97 BerkeliumCm

96 Curium

Am95 A

mericiumPu

94 PlutoniumNp

93 Neptunium

K19 P

otassium

Xe54 X

enon

Kr36 K

rypton

Rb37 R

ubidium

Cs55 C

esium

Fr87 F

rancium

V23 V

anadium

Nb41 N

iobium

Ta73 T

antalum

Ca20 C

alcium

Sr38 S

trontium

Ba56 B

arium

Ra88 R

adium

Ti22 T

itanium

Zr40 Z

irconium

Hf72 H

afnium

Sc21 S

candium

Y39 Y

ttrium

Rn86 R

adon

Br35 B

romine

I53 Io

dine

At85 A

statine

Se34 S

elenium

Te52 T

ellurium

Po84 P

olonium

As33 A

rsenic

Sb51 A

ntimony

Bi83 B

ismuth

Ge32 G

ermanium

Sn50 T

in

Pb82 L

ead

Ga31 G

allium

In49 In

dium

Tl81 T

hallium

Zn30 Z

inc

Cd48 C

admium

Hg80 M

ercury

Cu29 C

opper

Ag47 S

ilver

Au79 G

old

Ni28 N

ickel

Pd46 P

alladium

Pt78 P

latinum

Co27 C

obalt

Rh45 R

hodium

Ir77 Ir

idium

Fe26 Ir

on

Ru44 R

uthenium

Os76 O

smium

Mn25 Manganese

Tc43 T

echnetium

Re75 R

henium

Cr24 C

hromium

Mo42 M

olybdenum

W74 Tu

ngsten

Pa91 P

rotactiniumTh

90 ThoriumAc

89 Actinium U

92 Uranium

Pr59 P

raseodymium

Ce58 C

erium

La57 L

anthanum Lu

71 LutetiumYb

70 YtterbiumTm

69 ThuliumEr

68 Erbium

Ho67 H

olmiumDy

66 DysprosiumTb

65 TerbiumGd

64 GadoliniumEu

63 EuropiumSm

62 SamariumPm

61 PromethiumNd

60 Neodymium

K19 P

otassium

Xe54 X

enon

Kr36 K

rypton

Rb37 R

ubidium

Cs55 C

esium

Fr87 F

rancium

V23 V

anadium

Nb41 N

iobium

Ta73 T

antalum

Ca20 C

alcium

Sr38 S

trontium

Ba56 B

arium

Ra88 R

adium

Ti22 T

itanium

Zr40 Z

irconium

Hf72 H

afnium

Sc21 S

candium

Y39 Y

ttrium

Rn86 R

adon

Br35 B

romine

I53 Io

dine

At85 A

statine

Se34 S

elenium

Te52 T

ellurium

Po84 P

olonium

As33 A

rsenic

Sb51 A

ntimony

Bi83 B

ismuth

Ge32 G

ermanium

Sn50 T

in

Pb82 L

ead

Ga31 G

allium

In49 In

dium

Tl81 T

hallium

Zn30 Z

inc

Cd48 C

admium

Hg80 M

ercury

Cu29 C

opper

Ag47 S

ilver

Au79 G

old

Ni28 N

ickel

Pd46 P

alladium

Pt78 P

latinum

Co27 Cobalt

Rh45 R

hodium

Ir77 Ir

idium

Fe26 Ir

on

Ru44 R

uthenium

Os76 O

smium

Mn25 M

anganese

Tc43 T

echnetium

Re75 R

henium

Cr24 C

hromium

Mo42 M

olybdenum

W74 Tungsten

Pa91 P

rotactiniumTh

90 ThoriumAc

89 Actinium U

92 Uranium

Pr59 P

raseodymium

Ce58 C

erium

La57 L

anthanum Lu

71 LutetiumYb

70 YtterbiumTm

69 ThuliumEr

68 Erbium

Ho67 H

olmiumDy

66 DysprosiumTb

65 Terbium

Gd64 G

adoliniumEu

63 EuropiumSm

62 SamariumPm

61 PromethiumNd

60 Neodymium

V23 V

anadium

Nb41 N

iobium

Ta73 T

antalum

Ti22 T

itanium

Zr40 Z

irconium

Hf72 H

afnium

Sb51 A

ntimony

Bi83 B

ismuth

Sn50 T

in

Pb82 L

ead

Zn30 Z

inc

Cu29 C

opper

Ag47 S

ilver

Ni28 N

ickel

Pd46 P

alladium

Co27 C

obalt

Fe26 Ir

on

Mn25 M

anganese

Re75 R

henium

Cr24 C

hromium

Mo42 M

olybdenum

W74 Tu

ngsten

Al13 A

luminum Si

14 Silicon

Mg12 M

agnesium

Elements Elements Analyzed with Analyzed with XRFXRF

Elements Elements Analyzed with Analyzed with XRFXRFCommon Common Alloying Alloying ElementsElements

Common Common Alloying Alloying ElementsElements

Modes of AnalysisModes of AnalysisModes of AnalysisModes of Analysis Fundamental Parameters (FP) AnalysisFundamental Parameters (FP) Analysis

Calculates chemical composition through Calculates chemical composition through mathematical modeling and determines mathematical modeling and determines grade ID from compositiongrade ID from composition

Spectral Signature MatchingSpectral Signature Matching Determines grade-only, based on similarity Determines grade-only, based on similarity

to one of a set of stored alloy spectral to one of a set of stored alloy spectral “fingerprints”“fingerprints”

SuperChemSuperChem Determines grade and applies a “Type Determines grade and applies a “Type

Standardization” for highly accurate Standardization” for highly accurate chemistry on known (stored) gradeschemistry on known (stored) grades

Fundamental Parameters (FP) AnalysisFundamental Parameters (FP) Analysis Calculates chemical composition through Calculates chemical composition through

mathematical modeling and determines mathematical modeling and determines grade ID from compositiongrade ID from composition

Spectral Signature MatchingSpectral Signature Matching Determines grade-only, based on similarity Determines grade-only, based on similarity

to one of a set of stored alloy spectral to one of a set of stored alloy spectral “fingerprints”“fingerprints”

SuperChemSuperChem Determines grade and applies a “Type Determines grade and applies a “Type

Standardization” for highly accurate Standardization” for highly accurate chemistry on known (stored) gradeschemistry on known (stored) grades

Chemical Analysis & Chemical Analysis & Grade IDGrade ID

Chemical Analysis & Chemical Analysis & Grade IDGrade ID

Reading 3015

SS 316

Cr 16.8.15

Fe 11.7.03

Mn 1.2.12

Mo 2.3.01

Reading 3015

SS 316

Cr 16.8.15

Fe 11.7.03

Mn 1.2.12

Mo 2.3.01

Chemical Analysis & Chemical Analysis & GradeGrade ID ID

Chemical Analysis & Chemical Analysis & GradeGrade ID ID

Used for General Alloy Sorting and Used for General Alloy Sorting and Identification where a wide variety Identification where a wide variety of Alloys may be present.of Alloys may be present.

Quick measurement times for Grade Quick measurement times for Grade Identification.Identification.

20-30 Second measurement times 20-30 Second measurement times for Alloy Chemistryfor Alloy Chemistry

Used for General Alloy Sorting and Used for General Alloy Sorting and Identification where a wide variety Identification where a wide variety of Alloys may be present.of Alloys may be present.

Quick measurement times for Grade Quick measurement times for Grade Identification.Identification.

20-30 Second measurement times 20-30 Second measurement times for Alloy Chemistryfor Alloy Chemistry

Spectral Signature Spectral Signature MatchingMatching

Spectral Signature Spectral Signature MatchingMatching

AKA: “fingerprint identification”AKA: “fingerprint identification”

How Does Signature How Does Signature Matching Work?Matching Work?

How Does Signature How Does Signature Matching Work?Matching Work?

Known Samples are Known Samples are measured, labeled measured, labeled and stored in the and stored in the Spectral SignatureSpectral Signature

LibraryLibrary

SS SS 316316

SS SS 304304

Inco Inco 718718

An unknown sample An unknown sample is tested…is tested…

SignatureSignature LibraryLibrary

And then the And then the spectral signature spectral signature compared against compared against those stored in the those stored in the analyzer’s analyzer’s Signature Library.Signature Library.

When a match is When a match is found, the label found, the label associated with the associated with the signature is signature is displayed. If a match displayed. If a match isn’t found, the isn’t found, the screen displays screen displays “No “No Match”Match”

How Does How Does SuperChemSuperChem Work?Work?

How Does How Does SuperChemSuperChem Work?Work?

An analyzed sample or standard is used to determine An analyzed sample or standard is used to determine exact intensities for each alloying element in a exact intensities for each alloying element in a particular gradeparticular gradeSpectral Signature and intensity data are stored in Spectral Signature and intensity data are stored in

SuperChem reference library along with composition SuperChem reference library along with composition data of stored sampledata of stored sample

SuperChem Test: A spectral match verifies gradeSuperChem Test: A spectral match verifies gradeStored “single point” calibration is applied to the Stored “single point” calibration is applied to the

matched gradematched gradeResults are displayed: accuracy typically within 3 sigma Results are displayed: accuracy typically within 3 sigma

precisionprecision

An analyzed sample or standard is used to determine An analyzed sample or standard is used to determine exact intensities for each alloying element in a exact intensities for each alloying element in a particular gradeparticular gradeSpectral Signature and intensity data are stored in Spectral Signature and intensity data are stored in

SuperChem reference library along with composition SuperChem reference library along with composition data of stored sampledata of stored sample

SuperChem Test: A spectral match verifies gradeSuperChem Test: A spectral match verifies gradeStored “single point” calibration is applied to the Stored “single point” calibration is applied to the

matched gradematched gradeResults are displayed: accuracy typically within 3 sigma Results are displayed: accuracy typically within 3 sigma

precisionprecision

XRF and Aluminum XRF and Aluminum AlloysAlloys

XRF and Aluminum XRF and Aluminum AlloysAlloys

Zr40 Z

irconium

Zn30 Z

inc

Cu29 C

opper

Fe26 Ir

on

Mn25 M

anganeseCr

24 Chromium

Al13 A

luminum Si

14 Silicon

Mg12 M

agnesium

Elements That Define Elements That Define Aluminum AlloysAluminum Alloys

Elements That Define Elements That Define Aluminum AlloysAluminum Alloys

XRF and Aluminum XRF and Aluminum AlloysAlloys

XRF and Aluminum XRF and Aluminum AlloysAlloys

Separation by SeriesSeparation by SeriesSeparation by SeriesSeparation by Series

XRF can be used for reliable XRF can be used for reliable differentiation of:differentiation of:

20002000 Series Seriesvsvs

70007000 Series Seriesvsvs

60006000 Series Series

XRF can be used for reliable XRF can be used for reliable differentiation of:differentiation of:

20002000 Series Seriesvsvs

70007000 Series Seriesvsvs

60006000 Series Series

High Cu High Cu ContentContentHigh Cu High Cu ContentContent

High Zn High Zn ContentContentHigh Zn High Zn ContentContent

Little to No Cu or Little to No Cu or ZnZnLittle to No Cu or Little to No Cu or ZnZn

Common Aluminum Common Aluminum Alloys Separated Alloys Separated

Using XRFUsing XRF

Common Aluminum Common Aluminum Alloys Separated Alloys Separated

Using XRFUsing XRF

2024202420242024 7075707570757075

6061606160616061 7050705070507050All of these alloys can be All of these alloys can be separated from separated from one anotherone another, , but but not necessarily from not necessarily from others within the same others within the same seriesseries

Spectral Spectral Differentiation of Al Differentiation of Al

AlloysAlloys

Spectral Spectral Differentiation of Al Differentiation of Al

AlloysAlloys

Cu

Zn

Zr

Isotope Source vs. Isotope Source vs. X-Ray Tube Source X-Ray Tube SourceIsotope Source vs. Isotope Source vs. X-Ray Tube Source X-Ray Tube Source

Both Isotopes and X-Ray Tubes Both Isotopes and X-Ray Tubes are now available in Niton Field are now available in Niton Field

Portable XRF Units.Portable XRF Units.

Both Isotopes and X-Ray Tubes Both Isotopes and X-Ray Tubes are now available in Niton Field are now available in Niton Field

Portable XRF Units.Portable XRF Units.

Choose the one that best suits your Application.

Isotope Source Isotope Source StrengthsStrengths and and

LimitationsLimitations

Isotope Source Isotope Source StrengthsStrengths and and

LimitationsLimitations Rugged and DurableRugged and Durable Smallest/Lightest Smallest/Lightest

WeightWeight Better Access to tight Better Access to tight

areasareas Well Proven in field Well Proven in field

useuse No Unexpected No Unexpected

DowntimeDowntime Low Power Low Power

RequirementsRequirements Widely Accepted and Widely Accepted and

TrustedTrusted Higher Temp Higher Temp

CapabilitiesCapabilities

Rugged and DurableRugged and Durable Smallest/Lightest Smallest/Lightest

WeightWeight Better Access to tight Better Access to tight

areasareas Well Proven in field Well Proven in field

useuse No Unexpected No Unexpected

DowntimeDowntime Low Power Low Power

RequirementsRequirements Widely Accepted and Widely Accepted and

TrustedTrusted Higher Temp Higher Temp

CapabilitiesCapabilities

May Require adding May Require adding Fe-55 Source for Fe-55 Source for specific alloy specific alloy separationsseparations

304 vs. 321304 vs. 321K vs. R MonelK vs. R Monel

• Fe-55 has a 5-6 Fe-55 has a 5-6 year year replacement cyclereplacement cycle

• Second measurement Second measurement requiredrequired

LicensingLicensing

May Require adding May Require adding Fe-55 Source for Fe-55 Source for specific alloy specific alloy separationsseparations

304 vs. 321304 vs. 321K vs. R MonelK vs. R Monel

• Fe-55 has a 5-6 Fe-55 has a 5-6 year year replacement cyclereplacement cycle

• Second measurement Second measurement requiredrequired

LicensingLicensing

Tube Source Tube Source StrengthsStrengths and and

LimitationsLimitations

Tube Source Tube Source StrengthsStrengths and and

LimitationsLimitations Best Best

Performance/Faster Performance/Faster AnalysisAnalysis

Wide Elemental RangeWide Elemental Range Reduced Regulatory Reduced Regulatory

RequirementsRequirements No Slowing or loss of No Slowing or loss of

Precision over timePrecision over time

Best Best Performance/Faster Performance/Faster AnalysisAnalysis

Wide Elemental RangeWide Elemental Range Reduced Regulatory Reduced Regulatory

RequirementsRequirements No Slowing or loss of No Slowing or loss of

Precision over timePrecision over time

Less Rugged than Less Rugged than IsotopeIsotope

Lifespan is Less Lifespan is Less Predictable Predictable

Unexpected DowntimeUnexpected Downtime Larger and HeavierLarger and Heavier Limited access to tight Limited access to tight

areasareas Higher Power Higher Power

RequirementsRequirements No Long Term No Long Term

performance historyperformance history

Less Rugged than Less Rugged than IsotopeIsotope

Lifespan is Less Lifespan is Less Predictable Predictable

Unexpected DowntimeUnexpected Downtime Larger and HeavierLarger and Heavier Limited access to tight Limited access to tight

areasareas Higher Power Higher Power

RequirementsRequirements No Long Term No Long Term

performance historyperformance history

IsotopeIsotope or or Tube -Tube -YouYou ChooseChoose

IsotopeIsotope or or Tube -Tube -YouYou ChooseChoose

Ruggedness is Ruggedness is imperativeimperative

Size and Weight are Size and Weight are ConcernsConcerns

High Temp High Temp Measurement Measurement capabilities are Crucialcapabilities are Crucial

Access via Inspection Access via Inspection ports or to tight areas ports or to tight areas is necessaryis necessary

Licensing is not a Licensing is not a major concernmajor concern

Ruggedness is Ruggedness is imperativeimperative

Size and Weight are Size and Weight are ConcernsConcerns

High Temp High Temp Measurement Measurement capabilities are Crucialcapabilities are Crucial

Access via Inspection Access via Inspection ports or to tight areas ports or to tight areas is necessaryis necessary

Licensing is not a Licensing is not a major concernmajor concern

Latest and Greatest Latest and Greatest TechnologyTechnology

Speed and precision Speed and precision are of paramount are of paramount concernconcern

Little or no High Temp Little or no High Temp samplessamples

Ruggedness not Ruggedness not primary concernprimary concern

Size and Weight are Size and Weight are not an issuenot an issue

Licensing Licensing requirements are a requirements are a primary concernprimary concern

Latest and Greatest Latest and Greatest TechnologyTechnology

Speed and precision Speed and precision are of paramount are of paramount concernconcern

Little or no High Temp Little or no High Temp samplessamples

Ruggedness not Ruggedness not primary concernprimary concern

Size and Weight are Size and Weight are not an issuenot an issue

Licensing Licensing requirements are a requirements are a primary concernprimary concern

When it Comes When it Comes To:To:

When it Comes When it Comes To:To:

SpeedSpeedSpeedSpeedAccuracAccurac

yyAccuracAccurac

yy

AND…AND…

ReliabilitReliabilityy

AND…AND…

ReliabilitReliabilityy

NothingNothing Matches the Matches the Performance of Performance of

NITONNITON Alloy Analyzers Alloy Analyzers

NothingNothing Matches the Matches the Performance of Performance of

NITONNITON Alloy Analyzers Alloy Analyzers

The Leader in The Leader in Portable Alloy Portable Alloy

AnalysisAnalysis

The Leader in The Leader in Portable Alloy Portable Alloy

AnalysisAnalysis

Copyright © 2003 NITON LLC – All Copyright © 2003 NITON LLC – All Rights ReservedRights Reserved