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The World Bank Group Archives: 60 Years of Development Knowledgeon the Science of DeliveryElisa Liberatori PratiChief Archivist, The World Bank GroupUsing History to Inform Development PolicyA World Bank Workshop, Washington, DC, October 25-26, 2012Session 4: The Role of Archives in International OrganizationsThis material is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this presentation do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. This material should not be reproduced or distributed without The World Bank's prior consent.Archives & the Science of DeliveryDelivery, delivery failureEvidence-based SupportDevelopment results not outputsTransmit the lessons in forms that others can useCase-based learning, learning from failure, failfairs24) Well build a library of delivery case studies and use these as a resource for training Bank staff and country implementers

Jim Yong Kim, October 9, 2012, Seoul, Korea

3) To encompass the complexity of delivery challenges, a future delivery science will have to be multidisciplinary from the outset. [] Delivery learning will draw on the natural sciences; the social sciences; engineering and applied mathematics; and the business disciplines; but also humanities fields like historyIf history matters, archives can helpLets go to the Mine and find case studiesThe World Bank Group Archives:60 Years of Development Knowledgeon the Science of Delivery3

Inside the Mine 463 million pages of paper records (193,000 linear ft.) dating back to 1946200 oral history interviews524 linear ft. photographic material100 linear ft. film reels30 linear ft. audio & video tapes110,000 digitized Bank documents & reportsStacked, the boxes would reach 7 times as high as Mt. Everest

.and growing!

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2010 Access to Information Policy

Fonds: 55 out of 78 describedwww.worldbank.org/archives

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LIST OF FONDS of IBRD/IDARECORDS OF THE WORLD BANK GROUP2011 May 18BOLD indicates all or part of the description of the fonds is on the Banks external websiteCountry Operational Files, 1946-1998Central Files, 1946-1986Records of the Office of the PresidentRecords of General Vice Presidents and Managing DirectorsRecords of the Africa Regional OfficeRecords of the East Asia and Pacific Regional OfficeRecords of the South Asia Regional OfficeRecords of the Europe Regional OfficeRecords of the Latin America and Caribbean Regional OfficeRecords of the Middle East and North Africa Regional OfficeRecords of the Office of the SecretaryRecords of the Office of the TreasurerRecords of the Office of the General CounselRecords of the Office of the Chief EconomistRecords of the Auditor-GeneralRecords of the ControllerRecords of the Chief Financial OfficerRecords relating to Co-financing OperationsRecords relating to Trust Fund OperationsRecords of Administration Records of Human Resources AdministrationRecords of the Office of Information ManagementRecords of the Office of External RelationsRecords of the Office of Operations PolicyRecords of the Office of Operations EvaluationGeneral Records relating to Development SectorsRecords of the Agriculture and Rural Development SectorRecords of the Energy Development SectorRecords of the Environment SectorRecords of the Finance and Private Sector Development SectorRecords of the Health Services Development SectorRecords of the Human Resources Development SectorRecords of the Industry Development SectorRecords of the Transportation Development SectorRecords of the Urban Development SectorRecords of the Water Development SectorRecords of Poverty Reduction and Economic Management ProgramsRecords of the United Nations Liaison Office, New York Records of the Loan CommitteeRecords of Temporary Committees, Commissions, and BoardsRecords of the Conflict Resolution SystemRecords of the ArchivesRecords of Individual Staff MembersOral HistoriesRecords of the World Bank Institute Records of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) Records of the Development Committee Records of the Consultative Group on Food Production and Investment in Developing Countries, 1974-1978Records of the Global Environment Facility Records of the Consultative Group to Assist the Poorest (CGAP) Reference collection on World Bank historyPersonal papers of Lester NurickGeneral records and publications of the World Bank GroupJoint Bank-Fund Library collection on Presidents of the World BankRobert W. Oliver collection on George D. WoodsPersonal papers of Louise Taraldson WoodsPersonal papers of Irving S. FriedmanDonated materials collectionRecords of the Photo ServicePersonal papers of Davidson SommersPersonal papers of William DiamondRecords of the Office of the HistorianPersonal papers of Orvis A. SchmidtRecords of the Burkina Faso Country OfficeRecords of the Burundi Country OfficeRecords of the Kenya Country OfficeRecords of the South Africa Country OfficeRecords of the Thailand Country OfficeRecords of the Zimbabwe Country OfficeRecords of the Brazil Country OfficeRecords of the Colombia Country Office72. Records of the Indonesia Country Office73. Records of the Afghanistan Country Office74. Records of the Permanent Mission in Western Africa and the Ivory Coast Country Office75. Records of the Bolivia Country Office76. Records of the Haiti Country OfficeRecords of the Philippines Country OfficeRecords of the Pakistan Country OfficeRecords of the Uganda Country OfficePersonal papers of William ClarkPersonal papers of Eugene RotbergPersonal papers of Martin M. RosenRecords of the Ethiopia Country OfficePersonal papers of Gloria DavisPersonal papers of O. Hursit CalikaPersonal papers of Benjamin B. KingPersonal papers of Seljuk OzgedizRecords of the World Bank Staff AssociationRecords of the China Country OfficeRecords of the India Country Office

5Electronic MineDocuments & Reports

122,000+ documents available to the publicMore than 100,000 unique users per monthAvailable in multiple languages800,000 documents downloaded during FY11

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Documents and Reports: The external version of ImageBank is one of the Banks most frequently accessed web pages, averaging more than 100,000 unique users per month. Available in multiple languages, ImageBank makes reports available to the public so as to better share the institution's knowledge base and to implement the Policy on Access to Information. The site contains more than 117,000 documents cleared for disclosure and feeds other Bank websites, including country and topic pages.

6Examples of primary unpublished sources in the Bank Archives to help scholars understand patterns of development

India: India records start in 1948 (correspondence, project files, loan files)

Indonesia: Member from 1954

Records of the Early Bank7

India Case #1) Forming the Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India, ICICILoan in 1955, Voluminous records of negotiations and progress reportsWilliam Diamond, Bank Staff member loaned to ICICI as Advisor: Diamond donated his personal papers to the Bank Incoming and outgoing correspondence Notes of meetings Reports Clippings Personal correspondence Diamonds correspondence includes exchanges with: Eugene Black George Woods Future Presidents of the Bank ICICI officials Indian Government officials IBRD Resident Representatives in India and Pakistan Staff members in WB offices in Washington

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India Case #2)Forming the Indian Consortium in 1958The Archives holds the records of all meetings, starting with the first meeting in 1958

Lending to India had developed slowly and there were concerns about the credit-worthiness of the economy

Therefore, the Bank organized a consortium a club of donors to secure pledges in sufficient amounts to meet the targets specified in the development plan

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India Case #3) Series of high profile missions to India (1960-66) Archives holds the records of these missions

The Three Wise Men Mission, 1960: Hermann J. Abs of Germany Sir Oliver Franks of the U.K. Allan Sproul of the U.S.

The Bell Mission, 1964-1966: Led by Bernard Bell Archives holds the official records Archives also holds seven boxes of records that Bell himself retained on his Indian mission! Archives holds two oral history interviews with Bell

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India Case #4) India/Pakistan Indus Basin Water AgreementExtremely large holdingsThe most authoritative source in the world on the negotiations

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Hector Prudhomme notes of Eugene Black meetings with B.K. Nehru, March 9, 10, and 27, 1953Fonds 1, Country Operational Files, 1946-1998, India-Pakistan I.B.D. [Indus Basin Dispute], General Negotiations 1953 (III).

The project was near the breaking point over how to determine the water flow, and the Bank sought to rescue it. Black met with Pakistani representatives in London on February 16, 1953, and in Baghdad with B.K. Nehru on March 9 and 10. The Pakistanis proposed an independent commission to check the water flow, which Nehru rejected. The handwritten notes, taken by Hector Prudhomme during the follow-up Black-Nehru meeting on March 27, give the flavor of the tense relationship and were filed since they are more detailed than the memo to Mr. Sommers..

11Indonesia Transmigration Projects12

Map Sket Peta Kab. Lampung Utara, ca. 1980

Fonds 84-05, Personal papers of Gloria Davis, Indonesia transmigration program subject file. Way Abung I From the Project Director ca. 1978.

Fonds 84-05, Personal papers of Gloria Davis, Indonesia transmigration program subject file, Way Abung (1).

Gloria Davis also maintained a personal subject file on the transmigration program. The first Indonesian transmigration program that the World Bank finance (Transmigration I) involved the areas of Baturaja and Way Abung. Davis was part of virtually every review of the Indonesia transmigration projects. Here are her personal notes on Way Abung. 12Records of the Early BankExperience of a Ph.D. Researcher

The IBRD and the First Italian Loan1947-51

Anita GuelfiLUISS, Rome, Italy13The experience of a Ph.D. researcher: The IBRD and the First Italian Loan, 1947-51 Italy General Files Correspondence

Italy Project FilesEquipment for development, negotiation01-04Equipment for development, adminstration01-04Cassa per il Mezzogiorno, negotiation01Cassa per il Mezzogiorno, administration01-02

Other countries related projectsBelgium Congo Development Plan, negotiation01-02

Presidents and staff members filesPresident Blacks filesLeonard Rists files

Archives Oral History ProgramArchives Photo Collection

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Usage of WB ArchivesJuly 1, 2010 - September 30, 20121,796,119 Downloads from Documents&Reports (D&R)

2,082,629 D&R Unique Users

11,299,717 Page Views in D&R

61 Researchers Studied in the Archives Reading Room US, UK, Italy, Japan, Germany, Switzerland, Pakistan, Denmark, Turkey, Belgium, Canada, India, Netherlands, Singapore, Israel151,120 Access requests were processed by the Archives (~70% of the total Access requests)

2,800 folders were reviewed for declassification = 255 linear feet of records

98.5% were subsequently disclosed16Usage of WB ArchivesJuly 1, 2010 - September 30, 2012255 linear feet of declassified records in 15 months 17

Freedom Tower, Miami, 255-foot Art Deco SkyscraperDeveloping e-Archives ProjectDissemination of public recordsOriginal context in a virtual experienceGlobal access regardless of locationShared knowledge and informationEnhanced transparency and accountability

Objectives

To provide easy access to public records from the Archives of the World Bank to interested parties around the worldEnsure appropriate adherence to Access to Information Policy in the dissemination of records onlineGuarantee that records are presented in a manner which communicates the context and original order of records clearly

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mcNamara Holdings digitized19

Library of Case StudiesA public good for the public good!

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Open up history! Build the library of case studies!Come and use the records from the Archives

Nurture the roots of the development tree

Our understanding of development will benefit enormously from your work

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22THANK YOU!

Elisa Liberatori PratiChief Archivist, The World Bank Groupeliberatoriprati@worldbank.org

http://www.worldbank.org/WBAccess