the well-being of children in north dakota highlights from the north dakota kids count 2011 fact...
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The Well-Being of Children in North Dakota
Highlights from the North Dakota KIDS COUNT 2011 Fact Book
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North Dakota KIDS COUNT• Funded by Annie E. Casey Foundation• Partner with North Dakota State Data Center at NDSU• Mission: • To provide accurate, current data on child well-being in order to
inform local and state discussions about how to secure better futures for all of North Dakota’s children.
• Website• www.ndkidscount.org
• Electronic newsletter • Contact [email protected]
• Facebook2
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Seven Components of Child Well-Being
1. Demographics2. Family and Community3. Economic Well-Being4. Education5. Early Care6. Health7. Safety and Risky Behaviors
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1. Demographic Indicators
• Number of children• Total births• Unmarried teen births• Race and ethnicity
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Number of Children
• Children are a declining percent of the state’s population.
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Children* as a Percent of North Dakota’s Population, 1990-2009
1990 2000 20090
5
10
15
20
25
30 28
25
22
Perc
ent o
f tot
al st
ate
popu
latio
n
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*Ages 0-17
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Number of Children
• Young children (ages 0-5) are increasing slightly in number while older children (ages 6-17) are decreasing.
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Number of North Dakota Children by Age, 2000 and 2009
Ages 0-5 Ages 6-170
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
47,613
113,236
51,282
92,689
20002009
Num
ber o
f chi
ldre
n
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Total Births
• In the past decade, North Dakota experienced an increase in births.
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Number of Births in North Dakota, 1990-2009
1990 1995 2000 2005 20090
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,0009,253
8,4797,676
8,3818,974
Num
ber o
f birt
hs
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Unmarried Teen Births
• Unmarried teen births are a declining percent of the total births in North Dakota.
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Births to Unmarried Teens* as a Percent of all Births in North Dakota, 1994-2009
1994 1999 2004 20090.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
7.27.9
6.7 6.6
Perc
ent o
f all
birt
hs
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*Ages 12-19
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Race and Ethnicity
• American Indians are North Dakota’s largest race/ethnic minority group of children.
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Percent of all North Dakota Children by Race/Ethnicity* in 2009
White American Indian
Hispanic Origin
Black Asian0
102030405060708090
10086%
10%4% 3% 1%
*Because children of Hispanic Origin may also be of any race, these percentages add to 104%.
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2. Family and Community Indicators
• Living arrangements• Working mothers• Unmarried mothers
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Living Arrangements
• While most North Dakota children live with two parents, the proportion of children who live in single-parent families continues to increase.
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Percent of all North Dakota Children*Living in Single-Parent Families, 1980-2009
1980 1990 2000 20090
5
10
15
20
25
10
14
1921
Perc
ent o
f all
child
ren
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*Ages 0-17
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Working Mothers
• Most North Dakota mothers work.• In 2009, North Dakota’s proportion of mothers in
the labor force was the second highest for all states in the nation.
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Percent of all Mothers in the Labor Force with Children,* North Dakota and United States, 1980-2009
1980 1990 2000 20090
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
53
7481 82
57
6773 72
North Dakota
United States
Perc
ent o
f all
wom
en w
ith c
hild
ren
ages
0-1
7
19
*Ages 0-17
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Unmarried Mothers
• Births to unmarried women have risen consistently in the past decade.• Most of these births (80%) are to women ages 20
or older.
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Percent of all North Dakota Births to Unmarried Women, 1994-2009
1994 1999 2004 20090
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
23
2830
33
Perc
ent o
f all
birt
hs
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3. Economic Well-Being Indicators
• Income and poverty• Financial assistance
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Income and Poverty
• Although the state of North Dakota experienced prosperity in the past decade, the child poverty rate remained unchanged.
• Poverty level in 2009 = $21,954 for a family of four
• Living near poverty = when family income is between the poverty level and 149% of the poverty level
• Living in extreme poverty = when family income is less than 50% of the poverty level
• Nearly one in four North Dakota children live at or near the poverty level.
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Percent of North Dakota Children* by Level of Poverty Experience, 1990-2009
1990 2000 20090
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
13
1110
17
14 14
76
7
Living Near Poverty
Living in Poverty
Living in Extreme PovertyPe
rcen
t of a
ll ch
ildre
n ag
es 0
-17
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*Ages 0-17
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Financial Assistance
• Common types of financial assistance• SNAP (formerly food stamps)• TANF (formerly “welfare” or ADFC)
• While 14% of North Dakota children live in poverty, only 5% live in families that receive TANF cash assistance.
• SNAP benefits are received by 24% of children, which is similar to the percent of children living in or near poverty.
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Percent of North Dakota Children Receiving Assistance through TANF* and SNAP, 2000-2010
2000 2005 20100
5
10
15
20
25
30
6 6 5
16
20
24
TANFSNAP
Perc
ent o
f all
child
ren
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*TANF = ages 0-19; SNAP = ages 0-18
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4. Education Indicators
• Daily enrollments in public schools• Test scores• High school dropouts• Special education
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Enrollment in Public Schools
• Enrollment in North Dakota public schools declined over the past decade.
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Average Daily Membership in North Dakota Public Schools, 1998-2010
1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 20100
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
117,996 113,541107,823 103,923 100,176
95,459 95,507
Num
ber o
f stu
dent
s
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Test Scores
• In 2010, average ACT scores for North Dakota high school graduates were slightly above the national average (21.5 vs. 21.0).
• According to ACT benchmarks for what it takes to be successful in first-year college classes, only 24% of North Dakota graduates are ready for English, math, reading, and science classes.
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Percent of North Dakota High School Graduates Meeting ACT College Benchmarks by Course, 2010
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
8071
48
56
3124
Perc
ent o
f hig
h sc
hool
gra
duat
es
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High School Dropouts
• In 2009-10, 701 North Dakota public school students enrolled in grades 9 through 12 and then dropped out during the year.• Dropouts accounted for 2.2% of total high school
enrollment.
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North Dakota Counties with Above Average Dropout Rates, 2009-10
RoletteSio
ux
Morto
n
Willi
ams
McK
enzie
Stutsm
an
Benson
Cavali
erW
ard
Richlan
d
STATE TOTAL
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 8.3
5.4 5.2 4.9
3.6 3.4 3.1 3 2.7 2.5 2.2
Dro
pout
s as
a p
erce
nt o
f tot
al h
igh
scho
ol e
n-ro
llmen
t
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Special Education
• In 2010, children enrolled in special education comprised 14% of total North Dakota public school enrollment.
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Percent of North Dakota Children Enrolled in Special Education by Type of Impairment, 2010
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
3532
25
6 6
Perc
ent o
f chi
ldre
n en
rolle
d in
spe
cial
edu
cati
on
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5. Early Care Indicators
• Licensed child care• Child care costs
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Licensed Child Care
• Child care types:• Legally recognized
• Licensed • Self-certified• In-home providers• Approved relatives• Registered tribal providers
• Informal networks of friends, relatives, neighbors
• In 2011, licensed child care had the capacity to care for only 34% of children ages 0 to 13.
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North Dakota Counties with the Lowest Licensed Child Care Capacities, 2011
Slope
Oliver
Sioux
Dunn
McK
enzieGran
t
RoletteSte
ele
Kidder
Benson
Willi
ams
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0
7 7
9 9
1112 12 12
15 15
Capa
city
of l
icen
sed
child
car
e pr
ovid
ers
as a
pe
rcen
t of a
ll ch
ildre
n ag
es 0
-13
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Child Care Cost
• Average costs for licensed child care in North Dakota counties:• Infant care: from $80 to $146 per week in family/group settings
(in counties where available)
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Counties with the Highest Average Yearly Cost of Infant Care in Family/Group Settings, 2010
Steele
Traill
Burleigh
Dunn
Cavali
er
Willi
ams
Merce
rCass
Divide
$0
$1,000
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
$6,000
$7,000
$8,000
$6,0
00
$6,0
54
$6,0
94
$6,1
88
$6,1
88
$6,2
38
$6,2
78
$6,3
63 $7,3
13
40
Source: Child Care Resource & Referral
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6. Health Indicators
• Low birth-weight babies• Hearing impaired• Uninsured children
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Low Birth-Weight Babies
• North Dakota consistently ranks among states with the lowest percentage of low birth-weight babies in the nation.
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Low Birth-Weight Babies as a Percent of all Births, 2008
Alaska
Oregon
Wash
ington
Minneso
taIdah
o
New Hampsh
ire
South
Dakota
Iowa
Main
e
North Dak
ota
Californ
iaUtah
Vermont
Wisc
onsin
Nebraska
Arizona
Kansas
Montan
a
U.S. AVERAGE
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.06.
0 6.1 6.3 6.4 6.5
6.5
6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8
6.8
6.8 7.0
7.0
7.0 7.1 7.2 7.4
8.2
Perc
ent o
f all
birt
hs
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Hearing Impaired
• In 2010, nearly every newborn in North Dakota was screened for hearing loss.• Nine percent of North Dakota newborns did not
pass this screening.
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North Dakota Counties with the Highest Percent of Newborns who Failed Hearing Screening, 2010
Sioux
McK
enzie
Nelson
Rolette
Pembina
Wals
h Trai
ll
Richlan
d
Benson
Willi
ams
McH
enry
Morto
n
Grand Fo
rksW
ard
Mountra
il
Ramse
y
STATE TOTAL
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
24
19 19 1815 15 15
12 12 12 12 11 11 10 9 9 9
Perc
ent o
f new
born
s who
faile
d he
arin
g te
st
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Uninsured Children
• In 2007, 8% of all North Dakota children were not covered by some form of health insurance.• Low-income and poor children (in families with incomes
below 200% of poverty) are the majority of uninsured children in North Dakota (63%).
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North Dakota Counties with the Highest Percent of Uninsured Low-Income and Poor Children, 2007
Renville
Divide
Golden Valley
Griggs
Steele
LaM
oureBurke
Cavali
er
Billings
Mountra
il
Bottineau
Nelson
STATE TOTAL
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16 1514 14
13 1312 12 12 12
11 1110
5
Perc
ent o
f low
inco
me
and
poor
chi
ldre
n w
ho a
re
unin
sure
d
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7. Safety and Risky Behaviors Indicators
• Juvenile court referrals• Child abuse, neglect, and domestic violence• Idle teens
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Juvenile Court Referrals
• North Dakota juveniles referred to court as a proportion of all youth ages 10 to 17 has remained relatively unchanged over the past several years.
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North Dakota Children* Referred to Juvenile Court, 2003-2010
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
8.8 8.78.1 8.2 8.5 8.4
9
8.1
Perc
ent o
f chi
ldre
n ag
es 1
0-17
50
*Ages 10-17
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Child Abuse, Neglect, and Domestic Violence• In 2010, 4% of all North Dakota children were
suspected victims of child abuse or neglect.• Following Child Protection Services assessments,
1,136 children were determined to be in high-risk situations that required immediate services.
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Counties with Largest Proportion of Children* who are Suspected Victims of Child Abuse or Neglect, 2010
Divide
Burke Stark
Wells
Ramse
y
Burleigh
PierceW
ard
Willi
ams
Cass
Grand Fo
rks
McH
enryW
alsh
Cavali
er
Renville
STATE TOTAL
0.01.02.03.04.05.06.07.08.09.0
10.09.
0
8.5
7.7
6.4
6.0
5.7
5.6
5.6
5.3
5.1
5.1
4.9
4.7
4.7
4.5
4.4
Perc
ent o
f all
child
ren
ages
0-1
7
52
*Ages 0-17. Children impacted by abuse or neglect living on American Indian reservations are not included in these data.
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Idle Teens
• Idle teens are youth not in school, not high school graduates, and not in the labor force.
• Idle teens comprised 2% of all North Dakota youth ages 16 to 19 in 2009.
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Percent of Youth* Who Are Idle Teens, 2009
RoletteSio
ux
Pembina
Benson
Eddy
McK
enzie
Mountra
ilW
ard
Willi
ams
Dunn
Ranso
mSte
eleW
alsh
STATE TOTAL
0
5
10
15
20
25 23
11 119
6 6 5 4 3 3 3 3 3 2
Perc
ent o
f you
th a
ges 1
6-19
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*Ages 16-19
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Get involved in helping kids• See our website: “How to Help”
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North Dakota KIDS COUNTFeel free to copy or use these slides. We ask only two things: 1) Please cite North Dakota KIDS COUNT, and 2) Send a message to [email protected] and let us
know how and when you used these materials. Thanks!
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