The Way ForwardFactors Driving Video Conferencing

Dr. Jan Linden, VP of Engineering

Global IP Solutions

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The Importance of Face-to-Face Communication

“Executive” Systems

Telepresence

Desktop & Mobile

Evolution of Video Conferencing

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Globalization of business operations/Improved business economics

Increased productivity from face-face meetings without time lost traveling

Reduced travel costs

Corporate Greening

Unified Communications and Collaboration

Integration of P2P communications across multiple platforms

Video is a key component

Increased accessibility and affordabilityIncreased accessibility and affordability

Market Trends

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Technology Trends

Migration from ISDN to IP Networks– Easier access– Less expensive

Increased availability of software platforms– Eliminates need for dedicated hardware– Provides greater flexibility and mobility– More cost effective

Improvements in capture devices– Higher quality - Up to HD resolution

– Greater accessibility - USB Cameras, Built-in Cameras

Technology Challenges

IP Networks Latency, jitter and

packet loss Bandwidth

Codec Design Many video codecs

focus on streaming vs. real-time media

Bit rate is an important factor in codec selection. The bit rate is determined by:

Frame rate, ResolutionQuality

Technology Challenges

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Technology Challenges

Lip Synchronization– Audio and video out

of sync very annoyin

– People notice 80 – 130 ms out of sync

– Too early audio more annoying than the reverse

Device – Biggest issue in PC

multimedia is the unknown delay of the web camera

• Often 100 ms or more

– Better cameras can be connected for improved quality

• Attractive in fixed installations

Environment– Light is crucial to high quality video

Technology Challenges

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IP Networks– No need for dedicated

bandwidth if solution includes high performance:

• Bandwidth management

• Robust codec framework

– Low latency achieved by efficient jitter buffer

Audio– The audio quality is crucial

for great total experience– Robust and bit-rate adaptive

codecs necessary• Efficient use of the total

available bandwidth

Recommendations

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Recommendations

Codec Design– Codec frameworks designed

specifically for real-time conferencing

– Scalable Video Coders• Support for multiple

platforms on disparate networks

• Allow for each user to experience maximum possible quality

Devices– Profiling of cameras to

obtain best quality and delay• The range of quality is

significant

– When possible/necessary use high end camera rather than USB camera

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Recommendations

Network throughput decreasing will NOT lead to POOR quality VideoGraceful degradation, gradually lowering frame rate, bit rate or image size

AdvancedAuto-

Adjustment

Channel throughput

Sending frame rate

Video Resolution

Image size

Quality preferences

Network condition

CPU utilization

Resolution

Camera capture rate

Rendering

Frame rate

Best Audio Video

Quality

GIPS VoiceEngine Multimedia

Lip sync

Audio/Video optimization

BandwidthUtilization

Traffic Shaping