the visual dictionary of clothing & personal adornment

T H E V I S U A LD ICT ION A RY OF

CLOTHING & PERSONAL ADORNMENT

bathrobeFull straight garment with a belt; it is

usually made of terry cloth and is worn after a bath or a shower.

back brushBath brush with a handle long enough

to scrub all of the back.

QA INTERNATIONAL

CLOTHING &PERSONAL ADORNMENT

Jean-Claude CorbeilAriane Archambault

A C K N O W L E D G E M E N T S

Our deepest gratitude to the individuals, institutions, companies, and businesses that have provided us with the latest technicaldocumentation for use in preparing this dictionary.

Arcand, Denys (motion picture director); International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authority; Canadian PaymentsAssociation (Charlie Clarke); Canadian Bankers Association (Lise Provost); Automobiles Citroën; Automobiles Peugeot; Bank of Canada (LyseBrousseau); Royal Bank of Canada (Raymond Chouinard, Francine Morel, Carole Trottier); Barrett Xplore inc.; Bazarin, Christine; Library ofCanadian Parliament (Information Services); Bibliothèque nationale du Québec (Jean-François Palomino); Bluechip Kennels (Olga Gagne);Bombardier Aerospace; Bridgestone-Firestone; Brother (Canada); Canadian National; Casavant Frères ltée; C.O.J.O. ATHENS 2004 (InternationalMedia Service); Centre Eaton de Montréal; Centre national du costume (Recherche et diffusion); Cetacean Society International (William R.Rossiter); Chagnon, Daniel (architect D.E.S. - M.E.Q.); Cohen et Rubin Architectes (Maggy Cohen); Commission scolaire de Montréal (École St-Henri); Hudson Bay Company (Nunzia Iavarone, Ron Oyama); Corporation d'hébergement du Québec (Céline Drolet); National Theatre School ofCanada (Library); Élevage Le Grand Saphir (Stéphane Ayotte); Atomic Energy of Canada; Eurocopter; Famous Players; Fédération bancairefrançaise (Védi Hékiman); Fontaine, PierreHenry (biologist); Future Shop; Garaga; Groupe Jean Coutu; Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal;Hôtel Inter-Continental; Hydro-Québec; I.P.I.Q. (Serge Bouchard); IGA Barcelo; International Entomological Society (Dr. Michael Geisthardt);Irisbus; Jérôme, Danielle (O.D.); La Poste (Colette Gouts); Le Groupe Canam Manac inc.; Lévesque, Georges (urgentologist); Lévesque, Robert(chief machinist); Manutan; Marriott SpringHill Suites; MATRA S.A.; Métro inc.; National Defence of Canada (Public Affairs); ministère de laDéfense, République Française; ministère de la Justice du Québec (Service de la gestion immobilière - Carol Sirois); ministère de l'Éducation duQuébec (Direction de l'équipement scolaire - Daniel Chagnon); Muse Productions (Annick Barbery); National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Nikon Canada inc.; Normand, Denis (telecommunications consultant); Officede la langue française du Québec (Chantal Robinson); Paul Demers & Fils inc.; Phillips (France); Pratt & Whitney Canada inc.; Prévost Car inc.;Radio Shack Canada ltée; Réno-Dépôt inc.; Robitaille, Jean-François (Department of Biology, Laurentian University); Rocking T Ranch andPoultry Farm (Pete and Justine Theer); RONA inc.; Sears Canada inc.; Public Works and Government Services Canada: Translation Bureau;Correctional Service Canada; Société d'Entomologie Africaine (Alain Drumont); Société des musées québécois (Michel Perron); Société Radio-Canada; Sony du Canada ltée; Sûreté du Québec; Théâtre du Nouveau Monde; Transport Canada (Julie Poirier); Urgences-Santé (Éric Berry); Villede Longueuil (Direction de la Police); Ville de Montréal (Service de la prévention des incendies); Vimont Lexus Toyota; Volvo Bus Corporation;Yamaha Motor Canada Ltd.

Clothing & Personal Adornment was created and produced by

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© QA International 2009. All rights reserved.No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or byany means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording,or by any information storage and retrieval sytem, without permission inwriting by QA International.

ISBN 978-2-7644-0887-2

Printed and bound in Singapore10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 12 11 10 09www.qa-international.comVersion 3.5.1

E D I T O R I A L S TA F F Editor: Jacques FortinAuthors: Jean-Claude Corbeil and

Ariane ArchambaultEditorial Director: François FortinEditor-in-Chief: Anne RouleauGraphic Designer: Anne Tremblay

P R O D U C T I O NNathalie FréchetteJosée Gagnon

T E R M I N O L O G I C A L R E S E A R C HJean BeaumontCatherine BriandNathalie Guillo

E N G L I S H D E F I N I T I O N SNancy ButchartRita CloghesyTom DonovanDiana HalfpennyJohn WoolfreyKathe Roth

I L L U S T R AT I O N SArtistic Direction: Jocelyn Gardner Jean-Yves AhernRielle LévesqueAlain LemireMélanie BoivinYan BohlerClaude ThiviergePascal BilodeauMichel RouleauAnouk NoëlCarl PelletierRaymond Martin

L AY O U TPascal GoyetteDanielle QuintyÉmilie CorriveauPreliminary layout: Émilie Bellemare

Sonia Charette

D O C U M E N TAT I O NGilles VézinaKathleen WyndStéphane BatigneSylvain RobichaudJessie Daigle

D ATA M A N A G E M E N TProgrammer: Éric GagnonJosée Gagnon

R E V I S I O NVeronica Schami Jo HowardMarie-Nicole CimonLiliane Michaud

P R E P R E S SKarine LévesqueFrançois HénaultJulien BriseboisPatrick Mercure

C O N T R I B U T I O N S

QA International wishes to extend a special thank you to the following people for their contribution to this book:

Jean-Louis Martin, Marc Lalumière, Jacques Perrault, Stéphane Roy, Alice Comtois, Michel Blais, Christiane Beauregard, Mamadou Togola,

Annie Maurice, Charles Campeau, Mivil Deschênes, Jonathan Jacques, Martin Lortie, Frédérick Simard, Yan Tremblay, Mathieu Blouin,

Sébastien Dallaire, Hoang Khanh Le, Martin Desrosiers, Nicolas Oroc, François Escalmel, Danièle Lemay, Pierre Savoie, Benoît Bourdeau,

Marie-Andrée Lemieux, Caroline Soucy, Yves Chabot, Anne-Marie Ouellette, Anne-Marie Villeneuve, Anne-Marie Brault, Nancy Lepage,

Daniel Provost, François Vézina, Guylaine Houle, Daniel Beaulieu, Sophie Pellerin, Tony O'Riley, Mac Thien Nguyen Hoang, Serge D'Amico.

IV

EDITORIAL POLICYThe Visual Dictionary takes an inventory of the physicalenvironment of a person who is part of today's technological ageand who knows and uses a large number of specialized terms in awide variety of fields.Designed for the general public, it responds to the needs ofanyone seeking the precise, correct terms for a wide range ofpersonal or professional reasons: finding an unknown term,checking the meaning of a word, translation, advertising, teachingmaterial, etc.The target user has guided the choice of contents for The VisualDictionary, which aims to bring together in 12 thematic books thetechnical terms required to express the contemporary world, in thespecialized fields that shape our daily experience.

STRUCTUREEach tome has three sections: the preliminary pages, including thetable of contents; the body of the text (i.e. the detailed treatmentof the theme); the index.Information is presented moving from the most abstract to themost concrete: sub-theme, title, subtitle, illustration, terminology.

TERMINOLOGYEach word in The Visual Dictionary has been carefully selectedfollowing examination of high-quality documentation, at therequired level of specialization.There may be cases where different terms are used to name thesame item. In such instances, the word most frequently used bythe most highly regarded authors has been chosen.Words are usually referred to in the singular, even if the illustrationshows a number of individual examples. The word designates theconcept, not the actual illustration.

DEFINITIONSWithin the hierarchical format of The Visual Dictionary'spresentation, the definitions fit together like a Russian doll. Forexample, the information within the definition for the term insectat the top of the page does not have to be repeated for each of theinsects illustrated. Instead, the text concentrates on defining thedistinguishing characteristics of each insect (the louse is aparasite, the female yellow jacket stings, and so forth). Since the definition leaves out what is obvious from theillustration, the illustrations and definitions complement oneanother.The vast majority of the terms in the Visual Dictionary are defined.Terms are not defined when the illustration makes the meaningabsolutely clear, or when the illustration suggests the usualmeaning of the word (for example, the numerous handles).

METHODS OF CONSULTATIONUsers may gain access to the contents of The Visual Dictionary ina variety of ways:• From the TABLE OF CONTENTS at the end of the preliminarypages, the user can locate by title the section that is of interest.• With the INDEX, the user can consult The Visual Dictionary froma word, so as to see what it corresponds to, or to verify accuracyby examining the illustration that depicts it.• The most original aspect of The Visual Dictionary is the fact thatthe illustrations enable the user to find a word even if he or sheonly has a vague idea of what it is. The dictionary is unique in thisfeature, as consultation of any other dictionary requires the userfirst to know the word.

I N T R O D U C T I O N

elements of ancient costumeExamples of different articles of clothing characteristic of a period, country, condition or occasion.

elements of ancient costume

98

stolaLong full robe with or without sleevesand drawn in with a belt; it was worn byRoman women.

pallaLong rectangular piece of cloth, foldedin half lengthwise and used as a cloakby Roman women.

togaVery long length of woolen fabric thatRomans wrapped around themselves,

draping it over the left shoulder and armand leaving the right arm free.

sinusPart of the toga that draped down over

the left shoulder and went under theright arm, creating carefully arranged

folds.

purple borderIn ancient Rome, the purple border wasworn by magistrates and by boys until

the age of 16.

peplosIn ancient times, a rectangle of woolenfabric wrapped around the torso and

pinned at the shoulders, worn by Greekwomen.

fibulaIn ancient times, a pin or metal fastenerused to secure clothing.

foldPart of the cloth folded over the belt tomake it puff out.

chitonTunic worn by Greek men and women inancient times, made of two rectangles of

linen sewn together to form a tube and beltedat the waist.

chlamysIn ancient times, a rectangle of woolen

fabric pinned on one shoulder; it wasworn by soldiers next to the skin or

over a chiton.

C L O T H I N G C L O T H I N G

V

ILLUSTRATION

It is an integral part of thevisual definition for each of theterms that refer to it.

DEFINIT IONIt explains the inherent qualities, function, orcharacteristics of the element depicted in theillustration.

T ITLE

Its definition is found below. If the title refers toinformation that continues over several pages,after the first page it is shown in a shaded tonewith no definition.

NARROW LINES

These link the word to the itemindicated. Where too many lines wouldmake reading difficult, they have been

replaced by color codes with captions or,in rare cases, by numbers.

SUB-THEMEThese are shown at the end of thepreliminary pages along with theirdefinitions. They are then repeated oneach page of a section, but without thedefinition.

TERMEach term appears in the indexwith a reference to the pages onwhich it appears.

VI

C O N T E N T S

134 PERSONAL ARTICLES

134 Shaving138 Dental care140 Eyeglasses144 Contact lenses145 Leather goods150 Handbags154 Luggage161 Smoking accessories167 Umbrella and stick

169 INDEX

8 CLOTHING

8 Elements of ancient costume20 Traditional clothing21 Fabric care symbols24 Headgear28 Shoes37 Gloves39 Men’s clothing55 Women’s clothing81 Newborn children’s clothing84 Children’s clothing86 Sweaters88 Sportswear93 Sportswear103 Specialized clothing

106 PERSONAL ADORNMENT

106 Jewelry118 Nail care120 Makeup122 Hygiene123 Hairdressing132 Body care

elements of ancient costumeExamples of different articles of clothing characteristic of a period, country, condition or occasion.

8

togaVery long length of woolen fabric thatRomans wrapped around themselves,

draping it over the left shoulder and armand leaving the right arm free.

sinusPart of the toga that draped down over

the left shoulder and went under theright arm, creating carefully arranged

folds.

purple borderIn ancient Rome, the purple border wasworn by magistrates and by boys until

the age of 16.

peplosIn ancient times, a rectangle of woolenfabric wrapped around the torso and

pinned at the shoulders, worn by Greekwomen.

fibulaIn ancient times, a pin or metal fastenerused to secure clothing.

foldPart of the cloth folded over the belt tomake it puff out.

C L O T H I N G


9

stolaLong full robe with or without sleevesand drawn in with a belt; it was worn byRoman women.

pallaLong rectangular piece of cloth, foldedin half lengthwise and used as a cloakby Roman women.

chitonTunic worn by Greek men and women inancient times, made of two rectangles of

linen sewn together to form a tube and beltedat the waist.

chlamysIn ancient times, a rectangle of woolen

fabric pinned on one shoulder; it wasworn by soldiers next to the skin or

over a chiton.

C L O T H I N G

10

corsetTight-fitting undergarment with stays that

appeared in the 18th century; women laced itup under their dresses to shape their waists

and hold in their stomachs.

surcoatWorn over a tunic by men and women from the13th to the 15th century; the women’s was very

long, with greatly enlarged armholes, which wereoften decorated with fur.

underskirtFrom the 16th century, the underskirt was a

short skirt worn under other skirts; by the late18th and 19th century, it had become a skirt

revealed by an open-fronted dress.

dress with crinolineA 19th-century dress worn over severalunderskirts, including a full one madeof horsehair.

short sleeveHalf sleeve covering the upper arm and

extended by another half sleeve ofvarious shapes.

sleevePart of the garment covering the arm; itcan be of various shapes and lengths.

fringeStrip of material with hanging threads

used to decorate the border of clothing.

elements of ancient costumeC L O T H I N G

11

caraco jacketClose-fitting bodice with sleeves, cutoff at the hip and buttoned in front; it

appeared in the second half of the 18thcentury.

bustleUnderskirt with a semicircular wire hoopat the back to support the skirt and draw

it away from the body.

dress with panniersDress that appeared in the mid-18th century; itwas worn over an underskirt with two hoopsthat made it puff out at the hips.

stomacherDecorative triangle worn under thebodice of the dress.

ruffleFunnel-shaped lace cuff with two orthree flounces.

cotehardieIn the 14th century, the cotehardie was

a kind of low-cut fitted surcoat withlong sleeves left open from the elbow.

floating sleeveSleeve characterized by a long,

sometimes ankle-length panel fallingfrom the elbow.

vertical pocketPocket cut along the grain of the fabric.

dress with bustleDress that appeared about 1870; it wasworn over a bustle; which gave fullness

to the back of the skirt.

shawlIn fashion since the 19th century, theshawl is a square, rectangular ortriangular length of fabric used bywomen to cover their shoulders.


12

vestIn the 17th and 18th centuries, the vestwas worn under the justaucorps; it hungstraight and had two pockets with flapsand tight sleeves.

justaucorpsLong garment for men that was close-fitting andslightly flared at the bottom. It was initially worn

as a military uniform; after 1670 it became anitem of civilian clothing.

cuffReverse side of the sleeve or a strip ofmaterial added to the end of a sleeveand folded back.

breechesTight knee-length pants that appearedin the second half of the 17th century.


jacketPadded and belted male garment worn between

the 14th and the 16th century, based on thedoublet; the belt created folds below the waist

and the sleeves widened at the shoulders.

capeVery full coat of variable length that covered thebody and arms; it had no sleeves or armholesand sometimes had a hood and slits for the

arms.

C L O T H I N G

13

houppelandeLong full ceremonial garment (man’s coator woman’s dress) worn at the end of the

14th century and in the early 15th century.

wingPiece of fabric added to the armhole to

accentuate the width of the shoulder.

trunk hoseShorter version of braies and a forerunner of

breeches, trunk hose were worn from the 16thto the 17th century; they puffed out and were

gathered above the knee.

doubletTight padded garment with a belt andsleeves; it was worn by men from the

14th to the 17th century.

hanging sleeveLong sleeve, slashed at the elbow so

the arm could extend out of it.

frock coatIn the 19th century, a vest with nopockets that was extended by two longpanels in the back.

waistcoatWorn since the end of the 18th century,the waistcoat is tight and sleeveless; thefront is buttoned and made of qualitymaterial while the back is made of lining.

braiesFull pants that were characteristic of

Gallic attire; they were pulled in at thewaist with a belt and tied at the ankle

with straps.



14

fraiseStiff pleated collaret worn by men andwomen from the late 16th century tothe beginning of the 17th century.

collaretPiece of delicate, pleated or gathered

fabric that adorned the neck of a dress;its shape varied greatly from one

period to another.

tricorneMen’s hat with a brim folded into threepoints and a relatively flat crown; it was

worn in the 17th and 18th centuries.

bicorneMen’s hat with a brim folded into two

points; it replaced the tricorne after theFrench Revolution.


crakowShoe characterized by a

disproportionately long toe; it was infashion from the end of the 14th

through the 15th century.

gaiterCover for the top of the shoe and the

lower part of the leg; it was held in placeby an understrap and fastened at the side

with buttons or hooks.

heeled shoeIn the 17th century, the heeled shoehad a large tongue decorated with a

bow or a buckle.

henninIn the 15th century, a high cylindrical

women’s headdress that was covered inexpensive fabric; a transparent veil of

medium length hung from it.

C L O T H I N G

spearA long wooden pole with a pointed

steel head.

tricorneHat with a brim folded into three pointsand a relatively flat crown.

necktieBand of fabric that is knotted at theneck of the shirt.

buckled shoeLeather shoe decorated with a brass

buckle.

stockingWoolen garment covering the foot andthe leg up to the thigh.

rosetteInsignia in the regiment’s colors, wornon the tricorn hat.

breechesTight knee-length pant.

justaucorpsLong garment that is close-fitting and

slightly flared at the bottom, worn on avest.

vestGarment that is open at the front andworn over a shirt.

waist beltLeather belt on which a sword wasusually worn.

French soldierIn the 18th century, French soldiers’uniforms varied depending on their

regiment and rank.

15


16

Roman legionarySoldier in a Roman legion who belongedto a citizens’ unit of troops, which formedthe basis of the Roman army (about 6,000men).

shieldWooden piece of armor carried on thearm to protect against enemy blows.

crestFeathers or bristles decorating the topof the helmet.

cuirassArmor made up of articulated metalstrips used to protect the chest, backand shoulders.

gladiusShort double-edged sword used for

hand-to-hand combat.

tunicShort-sleeved garment that legionarieswore under the cuirass.

javelinWeapon with a wooden shaft and a

long metal rod that was used forcombat at close quarters or as a

projectile.

sandalFootwear with a studded sole that was

attached to the foot by leather lacesthat came just above the ankle.


17


Gallic warriorThe Gallic warrior belonged to a clan

governed by a chieftain; his armor wasrudimentary and he often fought bare-

chested.

helmetProtective metal headpiece decoratedwith depictions of animals, horns or

bird wings.

breechesFull pants that were characteristic of


with straps.

shieldWooden piece of armor carried on thearm to protect against enemy blows.

spearA long wooden pole with a pointed

steel head.

C L O T H I N G

18


vision slitOpening that made it possible to seewhen the visor was down.armet

Metal helmet worn to protect the head.

pauldronMolded metal piece protecting the

shoulder.

rerebraceMolded metal piece protecting the arm.

couterMolded metal piece protecting theelbow.

vambraceMolded metal piece protecting theforearm.

chain mailLong shirt with sleeves and a hoodmade up of metal links; it was worn toprotect the chest and the head.

cuisseMolded metal piece protecting thethigh.

greaveMolded metal piece protecting the leg.

poulaineElongated metal point forming the endof the sabaton.

breastplateMolded metal piece protecting the

chest.

skirtMolded metal piece protecting the

stomach and upper hip.

tassetMolded metal piece protecting the

upper thigh.

gauntletMolded metal piece protecting the

hand.

poleynMolded metal piece protecting the

knee.

sabatonMolded metal piece protecting the foot.

armorAssemblage of molded and articulatedmetal pieces worn as protection duringthe Middle Ages.

C L O T H I N G

19

elements of ancient costumearmet

Metal helmet worn to protect the head.

nosePart of the visor protecting the nose

area.

vent-tailVent in the visor allowing the wearer tobreathe.

beaverPart of the armet protecting the lowerface.

combProjection along the skull of the armet.

skullPart of the armet protecting the skull.

brow reinforcePart of the visor protecting the

forehead.

gorgetPart of the armet protecting the neck.

visorMovable part of the armet protecting

the face.

C L O T H I N G

20

turbanOriental headgear worn by men and

made from a strip of fabric encirclingthe head, which was previously

covered with a fabric base.

fezSkullcap of white or red woolen

fabric, usually bearing a tassel; it haslong been the traditional Turkish

headgear.

caftanLong full Oriental garment, often

richly decorated; it is worn by menas ceremonial attire.

boubouFull garment made from a length offabric folded in two; it is worn byblack African men and women.

loinclothPiece of fabric or woven plant fibers

that is worn around the waist by certainpeoples of South America, Africa and

Oceania.

traditional clothingExamples of clothing that have characterized different regions for a number of generations.

C L O T H I N G

kimonoLong-sleeved long tunic of Japanese

origin, worn crossed in front andheld closed with a belt.

sariLong strip of fabric traditionally wornby Indian women.

hijabScarf worn on the head by Moslem

women.

21

fabric care symbolsMost clothing has labels containing symbols showing the recommended care for the material, based on its

specific characteristics.washing

do not wash

machine wash in lukewarm water at a gentle setting/reduced agitation

machine wash in warm water at a gentle setting/reduced agitation

hand wash in lukewarm water

machine wash in warm water at a normal setting

machine wash in hot water at a normal setting

left: American symbols right: European symbols

C L O T H I N G

22

ironing

fabric care symbols

do not use chlorine bleach use chlorine bleach as directed

do not iron iron at low setting

iron at medium setting iron at high setting

C L O T H I N G


23

drying

fabric care symbols

dry flathang to dry

tumble dry at medium temperature

drip drytumble dry at low temperature

do not tumble dry

C L O T H I N G


24

felt hatSoft hat with a dented crown that is

adorned with a wide ribbon; it is madefrom a single piece and has a brim of

uniform width.

unisex headgearHeadgear worn by members of both sexes.

headgearItem of attire used to cover, protect or adorn the head.

beretSoft brimless headgear with a round flatcrown that sometimes puffs out; it fits onthe head by means of a simple hemmed

rim or a narrow headband.

stocking capWoolen headgear made from a

cylindrical piece that is folded over fordouble thickness, sewn at one end and

decorated with a pompom.

balaclavaWoolen cap covering the head and neck and

with an opening for the face.

peakPart that juts out over the eyes toprotect them.

C L O T H I N G

25

headgear

gob hatHeadgear made of soft light materialthat is worn over the brow and fits

snugly on the head; the brim can beworn down to shade the face.

crownPart of the hat that fits on top of the head.

brimPart of the hat encircling the base ofthe crown.

clocheHat of the 1920s and ‘30s with a cylindrical

crown and a narrow brim.

women’s headgear

toqueBrimless headgear made of fabric orfur, with a cylindrical crown and a flat

top that fits snugly on the head. turbanHeadgear made of a long strip of

fabric, wound around so that it coversthe entire head but leaves the forehead

uncovered.

cartwheel hatHeadgear in fashion from the early 20th

century, made of straw or light fibers with alarge soft brim of uniform width.

pillbox hatSmall low, round or oval toque wornperched on top of the head or pulled

down.

southwesterWaterproof headgear with a narrow

brim that widens over the nape of theneck to protect it from inclement

weather.

C L O T H I N G

26

felt hatSoft hat with a dented crown that is

adorned with a wide ribbon; it is madefrom a single piece and has a brim of

uniform width.

crownPart of the hat that fits on top of the

head.

hatbandWide silk ribbon decorating the base of

the crown.

bindingStrip of fabric running along the edgeof the hat.

bowPoint where the ends of the hatband

are tied to trim the hat.

brimPart of the hat encircling the base of

the crown.

men’s headgear

headgearC L O T H I N G

27

boaterStiff straw headgear with a flat brim of

uniform width and an oval crowncircled with a ribbon; it was worn at the

end of the 19th century.

top hatStiff silk headgear with a high cylindricalcrown circled with a ribbon and a narrowbrim that is turned up at the sides; it wasworn toward the end of the 18th century.

hunting capThick soft cap with a peak and ear

flaps, which give protection against thecold.

ear flapFlap that covers the nape of the neck

and the ears to keep them warm; it canbe turned up and held in place on top

of the head.

shapkaFur hat that is native to Poland; it has

ear flaps that can be turned up and tiedon top of the head.

capBrimless, somewhat soft headgear that

appeared at the end of the 19thcentury; it has a peak and a flat crown.

panamaSoft headgear from the end of the 19th and

the early 20th century; it is made fromwoven jipijapa leaves and has a dented

crown circled with a ribbon.

peakPart that juts out over the eyes toprotect them.

garrison capElongated brimless headgear with a

soft flexible crown; it is worn over thebrow and takes the shape of the head.

skullcapSmall round cap covering only the top

of the head.

derbyHeadgear primarily for men that appearedat the end of the 19th century; it is madeof stiff felt with a circular rounded crown

and an upturned narrow brim.

headgearC L O T H I N G

loaferDressy moccasin with a flat heel.

28

shoesItems of attire that protect and support the foot, covering the ankle and leg to varying degrees.

espadrilleCanvas shoe characterized by a woven ropesole; it is held on the foot by a lace tied aroundthe ankle.

unisex shoesShoes worn by members of both sexes.

muleFlat light, usually indoor shoe; it has a

vamp only, leaving the heel bare.

tennis shoeFlat canvas shoe with a flexible nonskid soleand a reinforced toe; the sole and toe are both

made of rubber.

moccasinFlat, very soft slip-on casual shoe withridged seams; it is characterized by an

apron sewn onto the vamp, which moldsto the instep.

C L O T H I N G

thongSandal that is attached to the foot withnothing more than a Y-shaped strap,which passes between the first two

toes.

29

shoes

sandalShoe with a flat sole that is held on the

foot by thin straps and sometimes atoe-ring.

clogToeless mule with a thick, generally

wooden sole; it is held on the foot by athick strap.

sandalFlat light sport shoe with a cutout vamp that

turns into a tongue; a bar passes throughthe tongue and fastens at the side with a

buckle.

hiking bootSturdy walking shoe with a thick nonskidsole; it is supported at the ankle andinstep by laces threaded through hooks.

C L O T H I N G

30

T-strap shoeHeeled shoe derived from the one-barshoe; the vamp turns into a strap thatextends over the instep and ends in a

bar.

pumpPlain delicate lightweight shoe thatleaves the instep uncovered; it has a

heel, a thin sole and no fasteningsystem.

sling back shoePump with a rear bar; it can be open at the toe.

sandalLight shoe leaving especially the heel uncovered; it

often consists only of a sole held on the foot byvariously configured straps.

one-bar shoeHeeled shoe characterized by a bar

crossing the instep and fastened to thequarter by a buckle or button.

ballerinaLight supple unlined shoe that is tightenedby a thin lace and sometimes has a smallheel; it leaves the instep uncovered to the

base of the toes.

women’s shoes

shoesC L O T H I N G

31

thigh-bootBoot that comes up to the thigh,covering most of it.

ankle bootTight-fitting laced or buttoned shoethat comes up over the ankle; it wasworn at the turn of the 20th century.

shoes

bootShoe that comes up to at least the calf.

casual shoeComfortable town shoe that is suited to

walking; it usually has laces and asturdy heel.

C L O T H I N G

32

tagMetal or plastic sheath that covers each

end of a lace to ease it through theeyelets.

heelStiff part underneath the shoe that

supports the back of the foot.

parts of a shoe

liningFabric or leather facing that protectsand finishes the inside of the shoe.

tongueExtension of the vamp that prevents thefastening system from rubbing againstthe foot; it is lifted when the shoe is put

on.cuff

Strip of fabric or leather inside theshoe, running along the edge of the

lining.

heel gripPart of the lining that makes it easier toput the shoe on or holds the heel of thefoot inside the shoe, depending on the

type of shoe.

quarterBack part of the shoe that surroundsthe heel of the foot and extends over

the instep to reinforce it.

outside counterPart of the quarter that is sewn on or

simulated and surrounds the heel of thefoot.

top liftThin, usually leather or rubber piece

affixed under the heel to prevent wear.

waistCurved part of the shoe supporting the

arch.

nose of the quarterPart where the quarter extends forward

on each side of the shoe.

men’s shoes


33

eyelet tabPiece sewn on to the nose of thequarter to reinforce the shoe; the lacespass through it.

outsoleSturdy piece of rubber or leather thatforms the bottom of the shoe and is incontact with the ground.

shoelaceNarrow cord of fabric or leather, flat orround, that is threaded through eyeletsor hooks to tighten the shoe.

eyeletSmall metal-rimmed hole throughwhich the lace passes.

punch holeEach of the small holes made in theshoe to form a decorative pattern.

perforated toe capPart of the shoe that covers the toes,with perforations forming a more orless conventional decorative pattern.

weltThin strip used to join the bottom of theshoe to the part that goes around thefoot.

stitchVisible stitching that both embellishesand reinforces the shoe.

vampPart of the shoe that covers the front ofthe foot.


34

oxford shoeShoe where the top of the nose of the quarter is

attached to the vamp, so that only the upper part ofthe lacing system opens for the foot to slip in.

booteeShoe often lined with fur, that covers

the ankle.

blucher oxfordShoe where the noses of the quartercan be spread far apart to make the

shoe easier to put on.

shoes

chukkaAnkle-high shoe made of light unlined

suede or leather and fastened withlaces with two or three sets of eyelets.

heavy duty bootSturdy shoe, with a thick nonskid sole,that comes up to the ankle and is tied

with laces.

rubberOvershoe made of relatively thin

rubber that protects the shoe from mudand water.

C L O T H I N G

shoeshine kitBox or case used to store various shoe

care products.

chamois leatherSoft velvety hide used to shine leathershoes.

case

shoe polishWax-based mixture, packaged in tins,

that is applied to leather to make itshine.

shoebrushBunches of bristles, horsehair orsynthetic fibers attached to a usuallywooden handle and used to clean shoes.

35

accessories


shoe polisherElectric appliance with interchangeablebrushes, used to polish or shineshoes.

insoleRemovable object placed inside the

shoe to improve its fit, absorb sweatfrom the foot or keep it dry.

36

shoehornCurved tongue placed at the back of

the shoe to ease it onto the foot.

climbing ironObject with sharp metal spikes that isattached under the shoe with a strap,

making it possible to walk on hard snow orice without slipping.

boot jackBoard with a notch that grips the heelof a boot to help to take it off.

shoetreeWooden or plastic device that is inserted into the

shoe to restore or maintain its shape.


shoe rackDevice made up of one or several rowsof pouches or hooks, for storing shoes.

37

driving gloveShort soft, usually leather glove withperforations; it has a vent and other

openings that allow the hand to movefreely.

openingHoles made in the glove over the

knuckles.

glove fingerPart of the glove that covers each of thefingers.

palmPart of the glove that covers the hollowof the hand.

snap fastenerFastening mechanism made of a

socket disk and a ball disk that snapshut when pressed together.

stitchingRibbed seam or embroidery; there aregenerally three lines of stitching on theback of the glove aligned with points

between the fingers.

seamSet of stitches joining two pieces of theglove.

mittenCovering with a separation only for the

thumb, providing better protection againstthe cold while allowing the wearer to grasp

objects.

thumbPart of a glove or a mitten covering the

thumb.

perforationEach of the small holes in the back of

the fingers.

men’s gloves

back of a glove palm of a glove

glovesItems of attire covering the hand to at least the wrist and having finger separations.

fourchetteNarrow strip of leather sewn between

the fingers to form their sides.

C L O T H I N G

38

short gloveGlove covering only the hand orextending slightly over the wrist.

wrist-length glovePlain unembellished glove with a flared

gauntlet covering the wrist.

gauntletRelatively long part of a glove that extendsfrom the base of the thumb to the top of the

glove.

women’s gloves

gloves

gauntletGlove to which a somewhat flared cuff is

attached at the wrist; it is made of various, oftendecorative kinds of material.

evening gloveGlove where the gauntlet extends over

the elbow.

mittOften dressy glove, either long or of

medium length; it fits tightly along thearm and covers only the first finger

joints.

C L O T H I N G

39

V-neckPlunging part of the garment encirclingthe neck and forming a V over thechest.

vestShort garment worn over a shirt and under ajacket; it is sleeveless, buttons up the front

and has a deep V-neck. The back is made outof lining material.

weltNarrow strip of material that is attachedto the garment on three sides anddecorates the pocket opening.

seamDecorative set of stitches joining twopieces of a garment, giving it adistinctive line.

adjustable waist tabTape used to tighten a garment around thewaist by means of a buckle sewn onto thegarment or onto another tab.

liningSoft fabric cut from the same pattern as thegarment inside which it is sewn; it gives body tothe garment, embellishes it, hides its seams andmakes it warmer.

frontPart of the vest that covers the torso.

welt pocketPocket where the opening is a slit cutinto the garment, edged with a welt.

men’s clothing

jacketsSleeved garments that are open at the front and fall tothe hips; they are worn over a shirt, vest, sweater, etc.

The top part of a suit is called a suit jacket.

C L O T H I N G

side back ventVertical opening with overlapping

edges on each side of the back of ajacket, giving it fullness.

40

liningSoft fabric cut from the same pattern as thegarment inside which it is sewn; it gives body tothe garment, embellishes it, hides its seams andmakes it warmer.

peaked lapelLapel forming a very small angle whereit meets the collar.

breast welt pocketSmall decorative pocket to the left of ajacket’s lapel where the pockethandkerchief is placed.

flapPiece of fabric or other material thathangs from the top of a pocket openingto hide it.

collarPiece sewn onto a garment thatfinishes or adorns the neck.

sleevePart of the garment covering the arm; itcan be of various shapes and lengths.

outside ticket pocketSmall pocket placed at waist levelabove the jacket’s right pocket or

sometimes inside the lining on the leftside.

patch pocketPocket of various shapes and sizes,made of a piece of material sewn ontothe garment’s outer surface.

double-breasted jacketJacket where the front panels overlap whenclosed; it has a vertical double line ofbuttons.

men’s clothingC L O T H I N G

41

single-breasted jacketJacket that is neither close-fitting nor

flared.liningSoft fabric cut from the same pattern as the garmentinside which it is sewn; it gives body to thegarment, embellishes it, hides its seams and makesit warmer.

lapelPart of a garment turned down over thechest, extending the collar.

frontPart of the jacket covering the front ofthe torso.

notchAngle formed where the collar and the

lapel meet.

pocket handkerchiefSmall delicate handkerchief that adornsthe upper pocket of a jacket.

flap pocketPocket cut into the garment with a flapthat can be tucked inside the pocket or

worn outside.sleeve

Part of the garment covering the arm; itcan be of various shapes and lengths.

backPart of the jacket covering the back of

the torso.

center back ventVertical opening with overlapping edges atthe bottom of a jacket; it extends the center

seam at the back, giving the jacketfullness.


42

shirtGarment covering the torso with acollar, a yoke at the back, shirttails andbuttons down the front. yoke

Variably shaped piece of fabric at the top ofthe garment, in front, in back or both; it

begins at the shoulders or the waist,depending on the garment.

collarPiece sewn onto a garment that

finishes or adorns the neck.

collar pointSomewhat pointed tip of the collar.

frontPart of the shirt covering the front ofthe torso.

buttonSmall, often round object that is sewnonto a garment and used to fasten oradorn it.

shirttailExtension of the bottom of the garment;it can be left hanging out or tucked into

the pants.

breast pocketPocket of various styles usually on the

side of the garment at chest height.

buttoned placketNarrow strip of fabric along the

opening of a garment containing thebuttonholes.

pointed tab endNarrow strip of fabric ending in a point

and adorning the sleeve slit.

cuffStrip of fabric sewn onto the end of the

sleeve tightening it and covering thewrist.

set-in sleeveSleeve cut separately from the garment

and sewn to the armhole.


43

buttondown collarCollar whose points are buttoned to theshirtfront.

collar staySmall plastic or metal strip inside the

collar point that prevents it fromcurling.


spread collarCollar whose points are spread far apart.

ascot tieWide necktie with pleats that narrow the part thatgoes around the neck; it is knotted loosely and

worn inside the open collar of a shirt.

44

necktieLong narrow strip of fabric placed underthe shirt collar and knotted; the front apron,usually wider than the rear one, makes theshirt more attractive.

slip-stitched seamSeam running the length of the necktie,in the middle of the reverse side.

loopFlat ring behind the front apron that therear apron passes through to hold it inplace.

liningFabric sewn inside the tie to give itbody.

rear apronNarrower apron that is threaded

through the loop to keep it behind thefront apron.

neck endPart of the necktie that goes around the

neck, under the collar.

front apronWider apron that makes the shirtfront

more attractive.


bow tieShort necktie consisting of a knot atthe center and a wing on each side of

it.

45

waistbandStrip of fabric sewn at the waist of

pants forming a hem and holding themin place.

belt loopThin vertical strip of material sewn atthe waist of pants; a belt passesthrough it to hold the pants in place.

front top pocketFront pants pocket that is often curvedor diagonal; the opening is cut into thegarment or is hidden inside a seam.

waistband extensionStrip of fabric that extends the

waistband and is used to fasten it.

flyVertical opening at the middle front of the

pants; it closes with buttons or a zipper andis usually covered by the folded edge of the

opening.

creaseVisible mark that remains where thefold has been ironed in.

back pocketPocket of various kinds in the back of

the pants.

knife pleatPleat created by a vertical fold pointingin one direction and of constant width.

pantsGarment for the lower body; it extends

from the waist or the hips to the ankles,covering each leg separately.

cuffFolded end of the pant leg.


46

beltStrap made of various materials oftenwith a buckle; it is worn around thewaist to adjust the fit of a garment, holdit in place or adorn it.

top stitchingStitching used to embellish the belt.

panelSmooth side of a piece of leather.

tongueMetal tip that pivots on the buckle’s

axis and fits into a hole, buckling thebelt.

buckleFastener made up of a ring that secures

the two ends of a belt.belt loopFlat ring next to the buckle usuallymade of the same material as the belt;one end of the belt passes through it.

punch holePerforation in the belt through which

the tongue passes.

tipEnd of the belt that passes through the

buckle.

elastic webbingNarrow strip of stretchable sturdymaterial.

suspendersNarrow straps of adjustable length that areoften elasticized; they cross in the back, goover the shoulders and fasten to the pantsto keep them in place.

adjustment slideFlat ring attached to the elastic strap; it canbe moved up or down to adjust the length.

leather endUsually leather strip used to button the

elastic strap to the pants. button loopSmall slit in a garment through which abutton is pushed.


suspender clipFastening system made up of two

hinged tabs; it can replace the leatherend on suspenders.

47

mid-calf lengthKind of sock ending at calf level.

executive lengthSock covering the foot and extending to theknee.

heelUsually reinforced part of the sock that

covers the heel of the foot.

soleUsually reinforced part of the sock that

covers the sole of the foot. toeUsually reinforced part of the sock thatcovers the toes of the foot.

straight-up ribbed topElasticized knitted strip that tightens,reinforces and adorns the sockopening.

legPart of the sock of varying length thatextends above the foot.

instepPart of the sock that covers the top of thefoot.

socksKnitted garments that cover the foot

and part of the leg.

ankle lengthSock that covers the foot and extendsslightly above the ankle.


48

underwearGarments worn next to the skin andunder other garments.

athletic shirtSleeveless tight-fitting undergarmentwith a very wide neck and armholes.

neckholeSomewhat low part of the garment that

goes around the neck.

armholeOpening in a garment for the arm or for

fitting a sleeve into.

union suitWarm undergarment that buttons up the frontand combines a long-sleeved undershirt and

long drawers.

drawersUndergarment covering the legs; it has

a waistband and is gathered at theankles with fine ribbing.


49

waistbandStrip of elasticized material fitting

snugly over the hips to hold thegarment in place.

flyOpening in the front of the briefs.

elasticized leg openingOpening that is edged with elastic so it

fits snugly around the thigh.

crotchPart of the briefs that goes between the

legs.

briefsShort legless undergarment with

elastic at the waist and thighs and a fly.

bikini briefsSnug-fitting briefs, low-cut on the hips

and high-cut on the thighs.

boxer shortsUndergarment covering the tops of the

thighs and held in place by anelasticized waistband.


50

raincoatCoat, sometimes with a hood, that

keeps the rain off because of the kindof material used to make it or because

it has been waterproofed.

notched lapelLapel forming an angle where it meetsthe collar.

raglan sleeveSleeve extending over the shoulderand attached front and back with a

slanted seam running from under thearmhole to the neck.

collarPiece sewn onto a garment thatfinishes or adorns the neck.

tabNarrow strip of fabric attached

horizontally to the sleeve end toembellish it.

side panelExtension of the coat that is lefthanging loose.

broad welt side pocketAngled pocket; the outer edge of the

opening has a wide welt.

buttonholeSmall slit in a garment through which abutton is pushed.

coatsOuterwear that is fastened in front; coats are wornover other garments to protect against the coldand inclement weather.


51

overcoatCoat ending below the knee and made

of heavy fabric, fur or leather.

three-quarter coatCoat ending above the knee and made

of quality fabric, fur or leather, withdouble-breasted buttoning and outside

pockets.

men’s clothing

notched lapelLapel forming an angle where it meetsthe collar.

breast pocketPocket of various styles usually on theside of the garment at chest height.

flap pocketPocket whose opening is covered by apiece of fabric hanging from the top ofit.

breast dartPleat that is narrower at the bottomthan at the top; it is sewn into thereverse side of the fabric to reducefullness around the waist.

C L O T H I N G

52

two-way collarCollar designed to be worn in various

ways.

epauletDecorative tab attached to the shoulder

and sometimes buttoned down; it isinspired by the military uniform.

trench coatRaincoat characterized by double-breasted buttoning, a belt, gun flaps, acollar with lapels, large pockets and tabson the sleeves and shoulders.

raglan sleeveSleeve extending over the shoulderand attached front and back with aslanted seam running from under thearmhole to the neck.

gun flapLoose front and back yoke used as adecorative element and as protection

against wind and rain.

double-breasted buttoningFastening system made up of two

parallel rows of buttons.

sleeve strapNarrow strip of fabric that is sewnhorizontally at the bottom of the sleeveto make it less full.

beltStrap made of various materials often

with a frame; it is worn around the waistto adjust the fit of a garment, hold it in

place or adorn it.

sleeve strap loopThin strip of material attached

vertically to the sleeve; the sleeve strapthreads through it to hold it in place.

broad welt side pocketAngled pocket; the outer edge of theopening has a wide welt.

belt loopFlat ring next to the frame usually

made of the same material as the belt;one end of the belt passes through it.

frameFastener made up of a ring that secures

the two ends of a belt.


53

sheepskin jacketThree-quarter coat that crosses over in front and has a

belt and patch flap pockets; it is usually made ofwaterproof fabric, leather or suede with a lining and a

wide collar made of sheepskin.

parkaSporty waterproof coat that is often padded orfleece-lined; it has big pockets, a front zipper

and sometimes a hood.

zipperClosure made up of two lengths of tapeedged with teeth that interlock by meansof a slide.

snap-fastening tabStrip of material that borders the front opening of agarment, closing with a row of snap fasteners.

jacketFull jacket ending at the waist, where it isgathered so it puffs out; it is often made of

leather or waterproof material and has cuffedsleeves.

snap fastenerFastening mechanism made of a

socket disk and a ball disk that snapshut when pressed together.

hand-warmer pocketPocket in the front of the garment

above the waist where the hand can betucked to protect it against the cold and

to rest the arm.

elastic waistbandStrip of elasticized fabric that fits

snugly around the waist to hold thegarment in place.


54

duffle coatHooded casual coat ending at mid-thighand made of heavy woolen fabric; it is

characterized by a yoke and frog closures.hood

Headgear attached at the garment’sneck that can be pulled over the head

as protection against cold, rain andsnow.

frogOrnamental loops of braided fabric used

to fasten a garment; one serves as thebuttonhole and the toggle of the other one

passes through it.

toggle fasteningWooden button in the shape of a small log.

patch pocketPocket of various shapes and sizes,

made of a piece of material sewn ontothe garment’s outer surface.

windbreakerJacket ending below the waist and made

of leather or waterproof material.

waistbandHem at the bottom of a garment thatfinishes it and encases the drawstring,which adjusts the garment around thehips.

drawstringThin string that is threaded inside the

waistband and adjusts the windbreakeraround the hips.

men’s clothing

yokeVariably shaped piece of fabric at the top of thegarment, in front, in back or both; it begins at theshoulders or the waist, depending on thegarment.

C L O T H I N G

55

suitOutfit made up of a skirt and a long-sleeved jacket made from the same

high-quality fabric.

jacketGarment with sleeves that extends to thehips; it is fastened in front with single- ordouble-breasted buttoning andsometimes has a belt.

skirtGarment held in place by an inner

waistband or a belt that goes aroundthe waist; the length of the garment

varies.

capeVery full coat of variable length that covers

the body and arms; it has no sleeves orarmholes and sometimes has a hood and

slits for the arms.

arm slitLateral slit through which the arm canbe slipped to give it some freedom of

movement.

coatsOuterwear that is fastened in front and extends at

least the hips; coats are worn over other garmentsas protection against cold and inclement weather.

women’s clothing

pea jacketLong jacket made of heavy fabric and

characterized by double-breastedbuttoning, a tailored collar and hand-

warmer pockets.

tailored collarCollar whose fold covers the back of

the neck; its lapels form a V where theycross on the chest.

hand-warmer pocketPocket in the front of the garment

above the waist where the hand can betucked to protect it against the cold and

to rest the arm.

mock pocketDecoration (placket, flap or welt) thatsimulates a pocket.

C L O T H I N G

56

top coatCoat fitted at the waist and flared at the

bottom.

overcoatLong-sleeved article of outerwear

made of heavy fabric; it extends to thecalf and closes in front with various

fastening systems.

raglanSomewhat full coat characterized byraglan sleeves and broad welt side

pockets.

raglan sleeveSleeve extending over the shoulderand attached front and back with aslanted seam running from under thearmhole to the neck.fly front closing

Fastening covered by a placket andconsisting of a row of buttons, which

are held in place by buttonholes.

broad welt side pocketAngled pocket; the outer edge of theopening has a wide welt.

women’s clothingC L O T H I N G

57

pelerineCoat with a short pelerine.

seam pocketPocket where the opening is in a sideseam of the garment.

car coatCoat loosely based on a man’s three-quarter coat

but changing more often to reflect the currentstyle; it is shorter than the garment it covers and

together they can make an outfit.

jacketGarment with sleeves that extends to thehips; it is fastened in front with single-

or double-breasted buttoning andsometimes has a belt.

ponchoCape made from a rectangular piece ofmaterial with a hole in the middle for

the head to go through.

women’s clothing

pelerineCape covering the shoulders andchest.

C L O T H I N G

women’s clothing

58

sheath dressUnbelted, very tight form-fitting dress.

princess dressUnbelted dress with a fitted bodice and a full orstraight skirt whose cut accentuates the figure.

coat dressDress cut like a coat; it fastens all theway up the front and might be lined.

polo dressDress whose bodice imitates the knit shirt.

house dressSimply styled dress made of light comfortablefabric; it usually has front buttons, a belt and

patch pockets.

shirtwaist dressDress with a bodice that resembles a man’sshirt; it usually has a belt and buttons all the

way up the front.

examples of dressesDress: garment made up of a bodice with or without sleevesor a collar and extending into a skirt of variable length.

C L O T H I N G

women’s clothing

59

drop waist dressDress with its waist at hip level.

trapeze dressUnbelted dress with an increasingly flared skirt

that hangs from a tight bodice.

jumperSleeveless dress with a very low-cut neckline

and armholes; it is worn over a blouse or asweater.

sundressVery low-cut dress with slim straps, which leave

the back and shoulders uncovered.

wraparound dressDress that is open from top to bottom; it is fastened by

folding one side over the other and holding them inplace with a belt.

tunic dressTwo-piece dress made up of a quite long

straight skirt and a straight bodice that hangsdown over the skirt, sometimes to the knees.

C L O T H I N G

60

gored skirtFlared skirt made up of several panels

of fabric sewn vertically.

wraparound skirtSkirt made up of a single panel crossingover in front or sometimes behind and

buttoning on the side.

sarongBeach skirt of variable length and madefrom a piece of fabric wrapped around

the waist.

kiltPleated wraparound skirt made of tartan; ausually narrow panel crosses over in front

and fastens with a pin or a button.

sheath skirtSkirt that is narrow at the waist and fits

tightly over the hips and legs.

examples of skirtsSkirt: garment held in place by an inner waistband or a belt thatgoes around the waist; the length of the garment varies.


61

yoke skirtSkirt with a piece added on, forming the part

from the waist to the hips.

ruffled skirtSkirt made up of several horizontal strips of

material in superimposed layers; the free edgefalls loose, creating folds.

culottesGarment with a crotch that is hidden by

its full folds thus resembling a skirt.

straight skirtSkirt that is narrow at the waist, tight-fitting over the hips and falls straight.

gather skirtSkirt that is gathered at the waist and

falls in wide folds.


62

inverted pleatPleat formed by two folds that meet infront and touch on the outside of thefabric, thus forming a hollow in the

fabric.

kick pleatInverted or flat back pleat at the bottom

of a straight skirt, providing greaterease of movement.

examples of pleatsPleat: part of a garment folded over to form a doublethickness of material.

knife pleatPleat created by a vertical fold pointingin one direction and of constant width.

accordion pleatSet of thin upright pleats of uniformwidth along the grain of the fabric.

top stitched pleatPleat extending from a series of ornamental

stitches on the outside of the fabric.


63

jackets, vest and sweatersExamples of garments covering the chest; they are worn over other

garments as protection against the cold or as an accessory.

safari jacketLightweight long-sleeved shirt-jacket

made of plain weave and having a beltand four pockets.

gusset pocketPatch pocket made fuller by an

expandable bottom and sides or by aninverted or round pleat in the middle of

the pocket.

twin-setOutfit made up of a sweater, often crewneck, and a matching cardigan or vest.

crew neck sweaterSweater with a close-fitting rounded neck.

women’s clothing

boleroSmall jacket, sometimes sleeveless andwithout collar or lapel, that is worn asan accessory only; it ends above thewaist and does not fasten.

spencerTight-fitting unbelted jacket ending at

the waist; it has long sleeves and oftena collar with lapels.

vestShort garment worn over a shirt and under a jacket;it is sleeveless, buttons up the front and has a deep

V-neck. The back is made out of lining material.

blazerOften navy-blue, hip-length jacketcharacterized by a notched collar, longwide lapels and patch pockets.

cardiganFine long-sleeved sweater ending at thehips and characterized by front buttoning, around neck and a ribbed bottom and wrists.

C L O T H I N G

64

examples of pantsPants: garment for the lower body; they extend from thewaist or the hips to the ankles, covering each leg separately.

Bermuda shortsLong shorts ending above the knee.

shortsVery short pants covering only the top

of the thighs.

bell bottomsPants that are tight-fitting to the knee then flare out

and end at the ankle.

women’s clothing

ski pantsGenerally stretchy pants with legs thatnarrow toward the ankle, ending in an

footstrap.

footstrapStrip of elasticized fabric that goes

under the foot to keep the pantsstretched tight.

C L O T H I N G

65

women’s clothing

jumpsuitGarment that closes at the front andcombines pants and a sometimessleeveless bodice.

jeansPants made of durable, usually bluefabric with topstitched seams and

pockets that are often reinforced by rivets.

knickersPants with full legs that are gathered below

the knee or at the calf.

pedal pushersTight-fitting pants ending at mid-calf andhaving a slit on the outside of the leg at

the knee, which can be fastened in variousways.

overallsPants with shoulder straps and a piece

that covers the chest.

C L O T H I N G

66

examples of blousesBlouses: women’s garments covering the torso andworn directly over underwear; there are manydifferent varieties made of all kinds of fabric.

body shirtTight-fitting blouse in stretchy fabric

and ending in a bikini bottom.

crotch piecePart of the bikini that goes between thelegs; it can sometimes be unfastenedso the blouse can be put on over thehead.

women’s clothing

smockLong unfitted blouse made of soft

lightweight material; it is often buttoned inthe back and is usually worn over other

garments to protect them.

yokeVariably shaped piece of fabric at the top of

the garment, in front, in back or both; itbegins at the shoulders or the waist,

depending on the garment.

gatherSmall narrow pleat made by drawing

thread through the fabric; it is notironed or sewn down.

mini shirtdressFull shirt-blouse ending at mid-thigh and

usually worn over a skirt or pants; it has a sideslit and rounded shirttails.

classic blouseFront-buttoning blouse with a collarand long sleeves; it is gathered at the

wrists and ends at the hips.

shirttailExtension of the bottom of the

garment; it can be left hanging outor tucked into the pants.

C L O T H I N G

middyStraight full blouse with a sailor collar

and no front opening, ending at thehips.

67

polo shirtUsually short-sleeved sweater that has

a pointed turned-down collar; it isoften fastened with a placket ending at

mid-chest.

wrapover topBlouse with two front panels that crossover one another, creating a V-neck; ithas ties that fasten at the waist, back or

hip.over-blouse

Straight long-sleeved tunic that is oftenput on over the head; it is gathered by abelt or a tie at the waist and hangs over a

skirt or pants.

women’s clothing

tunicStraight full blouse ending below the

waist.

C L O T H I N G

raglan sleeveSleeve extending over the shoulderand attached front and back with a

slanted seam running from under thearmhole to the neck.

batwing sleeveSleeve with a large armhole that extendsalmost to the waist; it narrows gradually

toward the wrist.

epaulet sleeveSleeve extending to the neck by a strip

that covers the shoulder.

68

puff sleeveVery short sleeve that puffs out because ofpleats sewn at the armhole and the bottom

of the sleeve; it is edged with a narrowstrip of fabric or elastic.

examples of sleevesSleeve: part of the garment that covers the arm and varies in shape andlength.

three-quarter sleeveSleeve that partially covers the

forearm.

cap sleeveSmall sleeve fitting tightly over theshoulder to fall straight or flare over

the upper arm.

women’s clothing

bishop sleeveLong sleeve that puffs out because of pleats sewn at

the bottom and sometimes at the armhole; it isedged with a narrow strip of fabric or elastic.

leg-of-mutton sleeveSleeve that is narrow from the wrist to theelbow and widens from the elbow to the

shoulder, where it is gathered.

kimono sleeveVery full sleeve with no seam at the

armhole.

C L O T H I N G

69

French cuffTight part of a shirt or blouse sleeve made of awide strip of fabric, which is folded back and

fastened edge to edge with cuff links.

cuff linkUsually metal stud, single or paired

with another, for fastening the edges ofcuffs.

pointed tab endNarrow strip of fabric ending in a point and

adorning the sleeve slit.

tailored sleeveLong sleeve made of two pieces thatare cut to follow the shape of a bent

arm.

shirt sleeveModerately full sleeve with a French

cuff; it is slightly pleated at the bottomand is often embellished with a pointed

tab end.

pagoda sleeveSleeve flaring from the elbow to the

wrist.


70

inset pocketPocket whose opening contains a decorativeseam, giving the garment a distinctive line.

seam pocketPocket where the opening is in a side seam

of the garment.

broad welt side pocketAngled pocket; the outer edge of the opening

has a wide welt.

examples of pocketsPocket: part of a garment used to carry things and consisting of a piece ofmaterial sewn onto or inside the garment.

hand-warmer pouchPatch pocket on the front of a garment;it opens vertically on one or both sidesto protect the hands against the cold.

flap pocketPocket whose opening is covered by a piece of

fabric hanging from the top of it.

patch pocketPocket of various shapes and sizes,

made of a piece of material sewn ontothe garment’s outer surface.

welt pocketPocket whose opening is adorned andreinforced by one or two thin strips.

women’s clothing

gusset pocketPatch pocket made fuller by an expandablebottom and sides or by an inverted or round

pleat in the middle of the pocket.

C L O T H I N G

71

collarPiece sewn onto a garment that

finishes or adorns the neck.

fallPart of the collar that folds back over

the garment from the break line.collar point

Somewhat pointed tip of the collar.

notchAngle formed where the collar and the

lapel meet.

leading edgeFolded part of the fabric that runs along

the collar.

rollInside of the collar, behind the neck.

break lineLine where the collar folds.

lapelPart of a garment turned down over thechest, extending the collar.

examples of collarsCollar: piece sewn onto a garment that finishes or adorns

the neck.

standTop edge of the break line, where the

collar turns.


72

tailored collarCollar whose fold covers the back of

the neck; its lapels form a V where theycross on the chest.

dog ear collarTurned-down collar characterized by long, fairly wide

points, which are rounded at the tips.

Peter Pan collarFlat collar of uniform width with

rounded tips; it is sewn onto a fairlyopen neck.

shawl collarWide turned-down collar with long rounded

lapels that partially cross in front.

bow collarCollar made of a long strip of soft fabric sewn

onto a round neck; it can be tied in front invarious ways.

jabotDecoration made up of one or two

pieces of fine soft pleated fabric; it isattached at the base of the neck and

spreads out over the chest.

women’s clothing

sailor collarCollar that is square in back and has long lapels

extending over the chest; it is fastened to a V-neckand, out of modesty, the plunging neckline is often

concealed with a piece of fabric.

shirt collarCollar with rounded or tapered points that issewn onto the neck and turned down along a

fold line, which is higher in back than infront.

C L O T H I N G

73

collaretPiece of delicate, pleated or gatheredfabric that adorns the neck of a dress;its shape has varied greatly from one

period to another.

bertha collarCollar made of a strip of fabric of variable

width and attached to the edge of a necklineor round neck.

mandarin collarStand-up collar with rounded upper

points that come together at the neck,forming a V.

stand-up collarCollar made of a narrow strip of fabric that

sticks up from a round neck; its edges meetin front but do not fasten.

polo collarTurned-down pointed collar fastened

with a buttoned placket, which ends atmid-chest.

cowl neckTurtleneck that is large enough to be

draped over the head, making a kind ofhood that frames the face.

turtleneckHigh-necked collar that is folded over;it is usually snug around the neck and

does not fasten.


74

necklines and necksThe neck is that part of a garment near the wearer’s neck; the necklinereveals the neck and part of the shoulders and chest.

plunging necklineNeckline that usually ends in a V and is very

low in front or back.

round neckRounded neck fitting close to the wearer’s

neck.

draped neckNeck with soft pleats that can be arranged in

various ways.

V-shaped neckNeckline with edges coming together

at mid-chest in a V shape.

draped necklineNeckline made up of a series of soft overlapping

folds created by the fabric of the bodice.

sweetheart necklineNeckline shaped like the top of a heart.

bateau neckNeck tapering to a point on the shoulders.

square neckNeckline with a square neck that

reveals the upper part of the chest.


75

nightwearArticles for indoor wear, some of which are worn for sleeping.

nightgownLong wide full dress, often with

shoulder straps, worn next to the skin.

baby dollShort nightgown that ends at the top ofthe thighs and is worn with matching

briefs.

bathrobeFull straight garment with a belt; it is

usually made of terry cloth and is wornafter a bath or a shower.

women’s clothing

kimonoLight full dressing gown that crosses

over in front; it usually has squaresleeves and a belt.

pajamasLight full outfit made up of a jacket ortunic and pants with an elasticized or

drawstring waist.

negligeeLight elegant women’s garment,

usually long and décolleté with softlines; it often comes with a nightgown

of the same fabric.

C L O T H I N G

76

underwearGarments worn next to the skin andunder other garments.

teddyGarment combining a camisole and briefs.

body suitGarment combining a bodice and

briefs in a single garment.

camisoleShort undergarment with an open neckand shoulder straps; the part coveringthe chest can be shaped like a bra.

corseletteSupport undergarment combining a

girdle and a bra.


77

foundation slipUndergarment with wide nonadjustable

shoulder straps, worn under a see-through dress.

slipUndergarment with narrow adjustableshoulder straps; the part covering the chestis usually shaped like a bra.

half-slipUndergarment made up of a

lightweight skirt and an elasticizedwaist, substituting for lining.

princess seamingDecorative seam running from the

shoulder or the armhole to thegarment’s hem, accentuating the figure.panty corselette

Undergarment combining a girdle, abra and briefs.


wasp-waisted corsetSmall corset made up of a bra and garter belt,slimming the figure.

garterElastic strap attached to a girdle, garterbelt, etc., with a system for fasteningthe hose and keeping it taut.

underwireRigid crescent that edges andreinforces the underside of the cups.

bikiniLow-waisted tight-fitting undergarmentwith high-cut legs.

hoseRelatively light knitted women’sgarment covering the foot and the legup to the thigh.

push-up braBra with cups that leave the upper chest bareand with shoulder straps that sit on the outer

edge of the shoulder.

78

steelNarrow flexible strip of metal or plasticinserted into a garment to keep it stiff.

strapless braBra without shoulder straps and with a

midriff band that extends to the waist; thecups are preshaped and have underwires

and steels.

décolleté braVery low-cut bra with cups that extend upward

toward the shoulder straps.


79

panty girdleGirdle usually made up of briefs, with or without

legs, and removable garters.

panelFoundation piece that flattens thestomach.

girdleElasticized undergarment with a

stomach panel; it is designed to shapethe waist and hips.

corsetSturdy undergarment with steels and often garters; it is

designed to shape the waist and hips.

briefsUndergarment that extends fairly low

over the hips and is held in place by anelasticized waist.

cupMain part of the bra that covers and

supports the breasts.

midriff bandStrip of stretchable fabric connectingthe cups; it varies in width and fastens

with hooks.

shoulder strapNarrow strip of fabric that is often

adjustable; it goes over the shoulder toconnect a garment’s front and back.

braUndergarment made up of cups,shoulder straps and a midriff band,designed to support the chest.

women’s clothing

garter beltNarrow belt with garters that

fastens around the hips.

C L O T H I N G

80

hoseGarments of various stretchy fabrics usedto cover the foot and leg; each pair of hosehas a different name, depending on itslength.

ankletSock that covers the foot and extends

slightly above the ankle.

sockSock covering the leg to just below theknee.

short sockLight short sock covering only the footand the ankle.

panty hoseGarment made up of two stockings

joined by a pair of briefs, sometimesreinforced and held in place by an

elasticized waist.

stockingRelatively light knitted women’sgarment covering the foot and the legup to the thigh.

net stockingStocking made of stretchable mesh.

thigh-high stockingStocking ending a little above the knee.

knee-high sockSock covering the foot and extendingto the knee.


bunting bagHooded coat with a front zipper; it is

sewn closed at the bottom andsometimes has no armholes.

jumpsuitLow-cut one-piece sleeveless garment

with legs and feet.

shirtLong-sleeved baby shirt used as an under- or

overgarment, depending on its weight; itscharacteristic lap shoulders allow the shirt’s neck to

expand when it is being put on.

bibAbsorbent piece of fabric tied around achild’s neck to protect its clothes fromfood and saliva.

ruchingOne of several narrow decorative stripsof light fabric, gathered and sewn onto

a garment.

ruffled rumba pantsUndergarment with an elasticized waist

that extends to the top of the thighs; it islarge enough to be worn over a diaper.

false tuckStrip of material designed to hide a

garment’s seam or decorate its edge.

hoodPart of the garment that is pulled overthe head.

bathing wrapAbsorbent piece of fabric with a hood at onecorner; it is wrapped around a baby when itcomes out of the bath.

decorative braidNarrow thick closely woven piece offabric that edges or adorns a garment.

bodysuitOne-piece garment for young children,

the bottom part of which opens withsnaps to facilitate diaper changing.

mittensPieces of clothing that cover the hands.

booteesSoft-soled pieces of clothing covering

the feet.

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newborn children’s clothingGarments worn by children from birth to about three years of age.

C L O T H I N G

82

bibUpper part of the overalls, covering the

chest from the waist up.patch pocketPocket of various shapes and sizes,made of a piece of material sewn ontothe garment’s outer surface.

adjustable strapStrip of adjustable fabric that goes overthe shoulder to connect a garment’sfront and back.

top stitchingStitches on the right side of the fabric

used to embellish and reinforce thegarment.

flyVertical opening at the middle front of the

pants; it closes with buttons or a zipper andis usually covered by the folded edge of the

opening.

inside-leg snap-fasteningPart along the inner leg of the garment, where snap fasteners make it easier

to put the pants on.

high-back overallsPants extended by a front piece covering the chest andanother covering the back, connected with shoulder straps.

diaperAbsorbent article of clothing used as

briefs for babies.Velcro® closure

Fastening system made up of twostrips with surfaces that grip on

contact.

disposable diaperThrowaway piece of fabric with a waterproofouter layer and usually elasticized leg holes,

which allow the child to move freely.

waterproof pantsPart of the diaper gathered around the

top of the thighs.

newborn children’s clothingC L O T H I N G

83

grow sleepersNewborn sleepwear shaped like a bag or with feet;the garment can be lengthened in various ways:

here, with snap fasteners at the waist.

crew neckRounded neck fitting close to thewearer’s neck.

screen printPattern printed or sewn on the garmentto decorate it.

snap-fastening waistEach of the snap fasteners sewn around thewaist so the garment’s length can beadjusted.

footPart of the garment covering the foot.

blanket sleepersOne-piece long-sleeved nightwear for babiesthat has legs and feet, a long front zipper and

a rear panel, which opens at the waist.

zipperClosure made up of two lengths of tape edgedwith teeth that interlock by means of a slide.

vinyl grip soleOutsole whose material or textured

surface prevents the foot from slipping.

ribbingTight elastic knitted strip around the

sleeve or the bottom of a garment fortightening, reinforcing and adorning

them.

sleepersInfant nightwear that fastens all the way up the

front with snap fasteners.

snap-fastening frontA line of snap fasteners on the front of a garment.

inside-leg snap-fasteningPart along the inner leg of the garment, where snap fasteners make iteasier to put the pants on.

raglan sleeveSleeve extending over the shoulderand attached front and back with aslanted seam running from under thearmhole to the neck.

newborn children’s clothingC L O T H I N G

84

children’s clothingClothing worn by children between the ages of about 3 and 12.

snowsuitWinter garment consisting of thick overalls and

jacket.

hoodHeadgear attached at the garment’sneck that can be pulled over the headas protection against cold, rain andsnow.

pajamasNightclothes characterized by a long-sleeved, T-shirt style tunic and ribbing

at the crew neck, wrists and ankles.

training setClothing designed for sports.

tank topShort, fairly tight low-cut shirt without

sleeves or a collar.

shortsVery short pants covering only the topof the thighs.

C L O T H I N G

overallsThick, waterproof pants that extend up to coverthe chest and are held up with suspenders.

85

children’s clothing

jumpsuitOne-piece garment usually fastening in front

with a zipper or buttons.

crossover back straps overallsPants with a bib covering the chest and shoulder straps that cross over in the

back.

button strapNarrow strip of fabric that is attached to

the garment by buttons and connectsthe front and back by passing over the

shoulder.

T-shirt dressLong top in cotton jersey with a relativelyhigh neck and usually short sleeves but

with no fastening system or collar.

rompersInfant day suit consisting of a short-sleeved

blouse or a bib with shoulder straps, which areattached to puffy briefs that fasten at the crotch.

bibUpper part of the overalls, covering the

chest from the waist up.

C L O T H I N G

86

sweatersGarments covering the torso and manufactured by hand or by machine from fabric with varying tightness ofweave.

V-neck cardiganWoolen sweater ending at the hips andcharacterized by front buttons, a V-neck

and ribbing at the bottom and wrists.

hanger loopSmall strap attached to the inside of agarment at the neck and used to hang

it.

ribbingTight elastic knitted strip around thesleeve or the bottom of a garment fortightening, reinforcing and adorning

them.

welt pocketPocket whose opening is adorned andreinforced by one or two thin strips.

V-neckPlunging part of the garment encirclingthe neck and forming a V over thechest.

buttonSmall, often round object that is sewnonto a garment and used to fasten oradorn it.

C L O T H I N G

87

sweaters

sweater vestSleeveless sweater usually with a wide

neck and armholes, intended forwearing over another garment.

knit shirtUsually short-sleeved sweater that has


mid-chest.

buttoned placketNarrow strip of fabric edging the

opening of a knit shirt and containingseveral buttonholes.

crew neck sweaterSweater with a close-fitting rounded neck.

cardiganFine long-sleeved sweater ending at the hips and

characterized by front buttoning, a round neck and aribbed bottom and wrists.

turtleneckSweater with a high close-fitting neck madeof ribbing that is folded down; it usually has

no fastener.

C L O T H I N G

liningFabric or leather facing that protectsand finishes the inside of the shoe.

collarStrip of fabric or leather along the edge

of the lining.

counterPiece used to reinforce the back of the

shoe and keep the heel of the foot inplace.

quarterBack part of the shoe that surroundsthe heel of the foot and extends over

the instep to reinforce it.

stitchVisible stitching that both embellishes

and reinforces the shoe.

heelStiff part underneath the shoe that

supports the back of the foot.

middle soleSole made of various materials, placed

over the outsole and cushioning theentire foot.

nose of the quarterPart where the quarter extends forward

on each side of the shoe.

loopStrip of looped fabric attached to theupper of the shoe to make it easier to

insert the foot.

tagMetal or plastic sheath that covers

each end of a lace to ease it throughthe eyelets.

88

sportswearClothing and accessories designed for sports, dancing or acrobatics.

running shoeLight but sturdy canvas and rubber or leathershoe worn for sports or leisure.

C L O T H I N G

outsoleSturdy piece of rubber or leather thatforms the bottom of the shoe and is incontact with the ground.

studRubber projection molded into theoutsole to improve its grip.

eyeletSmall metal-rimmed hole throughwhich the lace passes.

vampPart of the shoe that covers the front ofthe foot.

punch holeEach of the small holes made in theshoe to form a decorative pattern.

shoelaceNarrow cord of fabric or leather, flat orround, that is threaded through eyeletsor hooks to tighten the shoe.

tongueExtension of the vamp that prevents thefastening system from rubbing against the foot;it is lifted when the shoe is put on.

89

sportswearC L O T H I N G

swimsuitWomen’s swimming garment that is tight-fittingand usually stretchy; it can be in one piece orconsist of briefs and a bikini top.

exercise wearClothing appropriate for sports, dancing oracrobatics.

footless tightsTight-fitting stretch knit pants that end at the ankle and

usually have an elasticized waist.

leotardTight-fitting stretch knit garmentcombining a bodice and briefs.

swimming trunksLow-waisted briefs with very high-cut

legs; they are usually stretchy andtight-fitting and are worn by men for

swimming.

leg-warmerKnitted tube-shaped covering that

extends from the ankle to the knee ormid-thigh and keeps the muscles

warm.

90


boxer shortsBriefs covering the top of the thighs;they are gathered by an elasticized

waist and have an inner bikini bottom.

tank topShort, fairly tight low-cut shirt without

sleeves or a collar.

pantsGarment for the lower body; it extendsfrom the waist or the hips to the ankles,

covering each leg separately.

anorakWaterproof sports jacket with long

sleeves, a drawstring hood and waistand gathered wrists.

fleece jacketSleeved garment made of polar fabric,

closing in the front; it is light andwarm, and its thickness depends onthe amount of insulation provided.

shortsSkin-tight garment covering the thighs,

used mainly for cycling.

T-shirtShort-sleeved pullover in a T shape,

traditionally made of cotton.

91


92

training suitOutfit made up of a jacket or shirt and pants; it isusually made of jersey fleece and is worn over sportsclothes or as casual wear.

sweat pantsTraining suit pants with a drawstring waist and

ribbed ankles.

hooded sweat shirtCotton fleece pullover that is often worn as outerwear; it

has ribbing at the wrists and hips, a drawstring hoodand a hand-warmer pouch.

sweat shirtLoose fleece pullover usually with a roundneck, long sleeves and ribbing at the hips

and wrists.


sportswearClothes designed to be worn during particular sports.

93

soccer playerA soccer player is allowed to touch the

ball with any part of the body exceptthe arms and hands.

shortsVery short pants covering only the topof the thighs.

team shirtFlexible garment covering the upper

body; it features the team emblem andthe player’s name and number.

shin guardPiece of equipment made up of a hardplastic molding; it protects the soccer

player’s legs.

sockGarment worn over the foot and up tothe knee; it completely covers the shinguard.

soccer shoeShoe made of leather, soft rubber or

plastic; studs are attached to its sole toprovide good traction.

goalkeeper’s glovesGloves that cover and protect the goalkeeper’shands and wrists and improve the grip on the

ball.

interchangeable studsRemovable studs attached to the sole;

they vary in size and can be changed toadapt to the state of the field.

C L O T H I N G

thigh padPadded piece of equipment thatprotects the thighs; it usually fits into apocket inside the pants.

knee padPadded piece of equipment designedto protect the knee; it usually fits into apocket inside the pants.

pantsLight stretchy garment covering the lower

body from the waist to the knees; it haspockets for holding protective pieces.

cleated shoeFootwear whose sole contains smallspikes to provide good traction.

team shirtFlexible garment covering the upperbody; it features the team emblem andthe player’s name and number.

football playerAmerican and Canadian football players’protective equipment varies depending on theplayer’s role and position on the field.

chin strapStrap that fastens the helmet to the

head.

helmetRigid piece of equipment designed toprotect the head; it is lined withabsorbent materials such as foam andair pockets.

face maskMetal cage attached to the helmet; itprotects the football player’s face.

player’s numberNumber identifying the player; specialnumbers are used to designate passreceivers.

wristbandBand of fabric that the quarterback wearsaround the wrist; it features a smallwindow in which a note card is inserted.

sockGarment worn over the foot and up tothe knee.

94


95

tennis shoeLight flexible shoe with a nonslip sole

worn to play tennis.

sockArticle of clothing that covers the footand ankle.

wristbandStrip of fabric worn around the wrist; itabsorbs sweat from the forehead andface.

skirtVery short skirt covering only the

upper thighs; women wear it to playtennis.

polo shirtUsually short-sleeved sweater that has


mid-chest.

tennis playerFemale competitors play in tournamentmatches of three sets; male competitorsplay in tournament matches of three or

five sets.


96

wrestlerAthlete who practices wrestling;wrestlers are classified into weightcategories.

singletTight-fitting one-piece outfit; one of the

wrestlers wears a red singlet and theother wears a blue one.

wrestling shoeFlexible leather boot that covers theankle; it has no heel and no metalparts.

boxerAthlete who practices boxing; boxersare classified into weight categories.

glovePadded covering for the hand and wrist

to dampen the impact of punching.

headgearRigid piece of equipment that protects

the head especially during training andin Olympic boxing.

boxing trunksShorts coming down to mid-thigh.


97

obiLong wide belt that is tied around the waistto close the jacket; its color indicates thecontestant’s level.

karatekaAthlete who practices karate; some, butnot all, organizations classify karatekas

by weight.

karate-giClothing worn when practicing karate; it

includes a jacket and pants that areusually made of cotton.

aikidogiClothing worn for practicing aikido; forbeginners, it consists of a white jacketmade of sturdy cloth and white pants.

aikidokaAthlete who practices aikido; it requires good

coordination, well-developed reflexes,suppleness and keen concentration.

obiLong wide belt that is tied around the

waist to close the jacket; its colorindicates the aikidoka’s level.

hakamaLong skirt for hiding foot movement.


98

riderPerson riding a horse; during a jump,the rider leans toward the horse’s neckwith the feet supported by the stirrups.

riding jacketThe rider’s long dark-colored jacket; itis usually worn over a white shirt and awhite tie.

jodhpursUsually light-colored long pants thatare very tight over the knees and legsand are kept stretched by foot straps.

riding gloveCovering for the hand and wrist that takes

the shape of the fingers; it provides agood grip on the reins and protects the

hands from chafing.

riding capReinforced hat that is traditionally

covered with black velvet; it protectsthe rider’s head against impact.


cyclistAthlete who races bicycles in road or

track races.

99

helmetHard piece of equipment designed to

protect the head.

gloveLeather item that reduces vibration and

protects the hand against impact.

shoeShoe with notches in the sole that fit

into a corresponding part on the pedalto keep the foot secure on the pedal.

shortsTight clothing that covers the athlete’sthighs to prevent them from rubbingagainst the seat.

jerseyStretchy tight clothing that covers the

top of the athlete’s body.


100

flame-resistant driving suitMolded one-piece outfit that is made offireproof material; it protects the driverfrom serious burns for several seconds.

undergarmentClothing made of fireproof material

that is worn under the suit; theundergarment and the driving suit

must cover the neck, wrists and ankles.

crash helmetHard piece of equipment designed to

protect the head.

shoeFire-resistant shoe that covers the

entire foot and ankle.

balaclavaCap made of fireproof material thatcovers the head and neck and leavesthe face uncovered.

driverAthlete who drives in a car race.

glovesItem made of fireproof material that coversthe hands and wrists; the gloves must fit

tightly over the wrists and cover the sleevesof the suit.


101

alpine skierAthlete who practices alpine skiing;

alpine skiers often specialize in one ormore of four events.

ski gogglesEquipment that protects the eyesagainst the Sun’s rays and theelements; the filtered lenses optimizedepth perception.

ski suitSkintight one-piece garment that reducesair resistance; various protective devicescan be added, depending on the event.

ski gloveCovering for the hand and wrist thatprotects them against the cold and badweather; padded but flexible, it provides asolid grip on the handle.

ski bootRigid boot made of plastic orcomposite materials; the front and backof the ski boot attach to the ski.

helmetRigid piece of equipment that isdesigned to protect the head; helmetsare mandatory for racing.


102

mountaineerPerson who climbs mountains.

helmetSolid piece of equipment to protect thehead from falling rocks or impacts withrock or ice.

hoodHeadgear that covers the head andneck with an opening for the face.parka

Waterproof sports jacket with longsleeves, a drawstring hood and waist

and gathered wrists.

mittenCovering with a separation only for the

thumb, providing better protection againstthe cold while allowing the wearer to grasp

objects.

crampon strapStrap used to attach spikes to the sole of the

shoe.

spikePointed object that provides balance

and prevents slipping when themountaineer is moving over snow or

ice.

mountaineering bootSturdy shoe with spikes that is used toadvance over snow or ice.

leggingPiece of sturdy waterproof fabric thatcovers the leg.

pantsWaterproof pants that usually extend

below the knee.


specialized clothingClothes designed to meet the needs of particular tasks or professions.

103

police officerUniformed person responsible for

maintaining law and order.

uniformGarment of a specific color and stylethat is worn by police officers on duty.

capBrimless, somewhat soft headgear that

has a peak and a flat crown.

badgeSymbol indicating the force an officerbelongs to as well as the officer’sidentification number.

rank insigniaSymbol indicating a police officer’srank.

shoulder strapDecorative tab attached to the shoulder

and sometimes buttoned down; it isinspired by the military uniform.

identification badgeSymbol indicating a police officer’s

name.

C L O T H I N G

104

firefighterPerson responsible for fighting fires,intervening in natural disasters andundertaking rescue operations. helmet

Headpiece designed to protect the head fromimpact, flames and water.

full face maskMask that covers the entire face; it

protects the respiratory tract and theeyes.

air-supply tubeConduit that funnels air from the cylinder

to the mask.

pressure demand regulatorDevice that reduces air pressure from the cylinder

and regulates the flow of air to the mask.

mandown alarmDevice that emits a strong signal so that a

firefighter can be located in a blaze; it is activatedby the firefighter or after a 30-second period of

immobility.turnoutsGarment made of water- and fire-resistantfabric that protects the firefighter againstflames, water and steam.

self-contained breathing apparatusDevice that protects against inhaling toxic gas,

smoke, dust, etc.

compressed-air cylinderContainer filled with compressed air thatallows the firefighter to breathe when theair is smoky or strongly contaminated.

rubber bootWater-resistant fireproof boot that

protects the foot from burns and otherinjury.

specialized clothingC L O T H I N G

105

helmetHeadpiece designed to protect the

head from impact, flames and water.

reflective stripeStrip that reflects light so that it iseasier to locate the firefighter when

visibility is reduced.

eye guardAdjustable visor that protects the upper

face area.

helmetHeadpiece designed to protect the head from

impact, flames and water.

neck guardFireproof fabric that protects the nape

of the neck and the ears.

chin guardFireproof fabric that protects the lower

face area.

chin strapStrap that fastens the helmet to the head.

specialized clothingC L O T H I N G

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jewelryFinely crafted articles of adornment that are valued for their materials (gold, silver, gemstones) andworkmanship.

P E R S O N A L A D O R N M E N T

earringsArticle of jewelry worn on the earlobe.

drop earringsEarrings where the ornamental part

hangs down from the ear and varies inshape and length.

hoop earringsHoop-shaped earrings with a post that

passes through the pierced earlobeand fits into the other end of the ring.

clip earringsEarrings attached to the earlobe by a

spring clip.

pierced earringsEarrings with a post that passes

through the pierced earlobe and iscapped with a clasp.

screw earringsEarrings attached to the earlobe by a small

screw behind the ear.

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pendantArticle of jewelry hung from a chain or

a necklace.

locketUsually round or oval pendant that

opens to receive a memento of a lovedone.

matinee-length necklacePearl necklace that is approximately 20 in long and falls

above the chest.

velvet-band chokerChoker consisting of a ribbon to which

an ornament is attached.

necklacesArticle of jewelry worn around the neck thatconsists of a band of gold or silver, a circle

of set or unset precious stones or pearlsstrung together.

opera-length necklacePearl necklace that is approximately 30 in long and

falls over the chest.

ropePearl necklace that is over 3 ft long andcan be looped several times around the

neck and knotted over the chest.

chokerPearl necklace that sometimes consistsof many rows and is worn at the base

of the neck.

bib necklacePearl necklace consisting of three or more rows.

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brilliant cut facetsThe most common cut for a diamond is the brilliant cut; itconsists of 58 facets spread over two faces, which are separatedby a girdle.

side face

tableUpper horizontal facet of the diamond

that has the shape of an octagon.

girdlePolished or unpolished edge that

separates the crown from the pavilion.

culetFacet that is the point of the pavilion.

crownThe 32 facets situated between the

girdle and the table.

pavilionThe 24 facets situated between thegirdle and the culet.


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109

bottom face

pavilion facet (8)Facet cut on the pavilion side; one

point touches the culet and the otherthe girdle.

culetFacet that is the point of the pavilion.

lower girdle facet (16)Pointed facet cut on the pavilion side; thegirdle is its base.

star facet (8)Triangular facet cut on the crown face;

the table is its base.

tableUpper horizontal facet of the diamondthat has the shape of an octagon.

bezel facet (8)Facet cut on the crown face; the tip touchesthe table, the point and the girdle.

upper girdle facet (16)Triangular facet cut on the crown face; the base

touches the girdle.

top face


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brilliant full cutDiamond cut with 32 crown facets, 24pavilion facets, an octagonal table and

a culet.

eight cutCut often used for smaller diamonds; ithas eight crown facets, eight pavilionfacets, an octagonal table and a culet.

scissors cutStep cut with triangular facets.

emerald cutClassic emerald step cut that has a rectangulartable with beveled corners and a girdle of the

same shape with occasionally beveled corners.

cut for gemstonesCutting a gemstone consists of angling the facets sothat the stone’s brilliance is intensified.

rose cutCut with a flat base and a dome made

up of triangular facets; the total numberof facets is a multiple of three.

table cutThe simplest kind of table cut; therectangular girdle with sometimes

rounded corners is surrounded on eachside by a row of facets.


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step cutCut where the square or rectangular girdle is surrounded byparallel rows of rectangular facets; there are more facets on

the pavilion side than on the crown side.

cabochon cutUnfaceted cut suitable for opaque

stones; it has one flat side and one ortwo convex sides.

baguette cutStep cut where the table and girdle are

elongated rectangles.

oval cutBrilliant full cut where the girdle is oval

in shape.

French cutCut where the table and the girdle are

square and the facets triangular.

pear-shaped cutBrilliant full cut with an elongated girdle.

briolette cutElongated cut that is completely covered

with triangular facets and has neithercrown nor pavilion; it is used when stones

are to be set in a pendant.

navette cutBrilliant cut with a girdle that is shaped

like a spindle with pointed ends.


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semiprecious stonesNext to precious stones, these stones are theones whose beauty and durability make themmost suitable for jewelry.

garnetStone whose color ranges from green

to yellow to dark red.

topazStone with a wide range of colors,

including yellowish-orange (the mostcommon), green (the rarest), pink (the most

sought-after), blue, brown and colorless.

aquamarineStone whose color ranges from

whitish-pale blue to a deep blue-aquacolor.

tourmalineUsually multicolored stone with a rich

array of colors from red to pink andgreen and on to blue.

opalSoft opaque stone that is milky-whiteor quite dark and gives off rainbowlike

reflections.

turquoiseOpaque, light blue stone with tinges ofgreen; it often contains brown, gray or

black veins.

lapis lazuliOpaque, dark blue stone that is usuallyspeckled; the glittering flecks are proof

of its authenticity.

amethystStone whose color ranges from pale

mauve to deepest purple.


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precious stonesThe value of these four gemstones is based

on their rarity, brilliance and durability.

emeraldStone whose color varies from

greenish-yellow to greenish-blue; anemerald’s value is based more on its

color than on its purity.

rubyThe rarest of all precious stones is

extremely hard; its color varies from abright pinkish-red to a purplish red, which

is the most sought-after color.

sapphireThis stone can be blue, pink, orange,

yellow, green, purple or even colorless;the most sought-after color is

purplish-blue.

diamondThe hardest stone is colorless

although there are also blue, yellowand pink varieties; it is the most

renowned precious stone.


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settingPart of the bezel surrounding and

holding the stone.

clawSmall metal hook bent over the stone

to hold it in place.

stoneCrafted stone whose beauty, rarity anddurability confer a certain value. Thereare three groups: precious,semiprecious and synthetic.

bezelSingle or multiple head of the ring in

which the stone is held by claws.

ringsArticle of jewelry worn on the finger; itmight have symbolic significance.

parts of a ring


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signet ringRing with a large flat top that is

decorated with initials or coats of arms.

class ringRing worn by a graduate that is

engraved with the school crest and thestudent’s class year.

solitaire ringRing decorated with a single diamond

that is usually brilliant cut.

engagement ringRing that is often decorated with astone and is worn by an engaged

woman on her left ring finger.

wedding ringRing that is usually a circle of precious metal

or two intertwined circles; it is worn by amarried person on the left ring finger.

band ringRing of uniform width with no bezel.


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bangleRing-shaped rigid bracelet that slips

on over the hand.

identification braceletCharm bracelet with a plate that is usually

engraved with a first name.

charm braceletBracelet that is made of flattened links

and fitted with a clasp.

braceletsFlexible article of jewelry worn on thewrist, the arm or sometimes the ankle.

nameplateCharm shaped like a small plaque that isusually engraved with a name.

horseshoeCharm shaped like a horseshoe that issaid to bring good luck.

hornCharm shaped like a horn.

charmsSmall pieces of costume jewelryattached to a chain or a bracelet.


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pinsArticle of jewelry used to fasten and

adorn a garment.

broochArticle of jewelry usually worn by women

that consists of a pin with a decorativeclasp; it is used to fasten a shawl or collar

or adorn a bodice.

stickpinArticle of jewelry consisting of a

pointed stem and a decorative head; itis usually worn on women’s coat

lapels.

tie barPincer-shaped article of jewelry

clipped halfway up a tie to keep itattached to the shirt.

collar barArticle of jewelry consisting of a rod

with two capped pins; it is used to holdshirt collar points in place.

tiepinArticle of jewelry consisting of a shortpointed stem with a head; it is used to

hold the two tie aprons together.


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nail careThe means of making the hands and especially the nails more beautiful.

manicure setRange of instruments used for nail

care.

cuticle pusherSpatula-shaped instrument used to

push back the strip of skin edging thebase of the nail.

cuticle trimmerBlade with a concave end that followsthe shape of the nail; it is used to trimthe strip of skin edging the base of the

nail (cuticle).

nail shaperBeveled blade that is also used to trim

the skin edging the nail base.

nail fileRidged metal blade used to file down

and smooth nails.

nail scissorsScissors with short flat, slightly curvededges that are used to trim fingernails

and toenails.

cuticle nippersPincers with short convex jaws that are

used to trim cuticles.

eyebrow tweezersDelicate pincers used to pluck outhairs.

caseUsually rigid-sided case that is shapedto fit the articles it is designed to hold.

zipperClosure made up of two lengths of tapeedged with teeth that interlock bymeans of a slide.

cuticle scissorsScissors used to trim cuticles; the thin,flat or curved blades are designed toreach the corners of the nails.

strapStrip of leather or sometimeselasticized material keeping theinstruments in place.


nail enamelProduct applied to the nails that driesto become a clear or colored coating

protecting and adorning the nails.

safety scissorsScissors used to trim nails that are safer to use

because of their rounded tips.

toenail scissorsScissors with long shanks that are used to

trim toenails.

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emery boardsCardboard file with a coarse-grained side

used to file down the nail and a finer-grained side to smooth it.

nail whitener pencilPencil that is run under the outer edge of the nail to

make it white.

nail clippersSmall pincers with curved jaws andoften a file that are used to trim nails.

jawCutting edges of the nail clippers.

leverRod attached to a fulcrum that bringsthe jaws together when it is presseddown.

folding nail fileRidged metal blade used to file down

and smooth nails.

nail cleanerFine-tipped beveled blade used toclean the nail’s outer edge.

nail bufferCurved instrument used to smooth and

polish the surface of the nails.

chamois leatherSoft velvety hide used to polish nails.


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loose powderVery fine powder that evens out skin

tone, controls oily shine, setsfoundation and acts as a base for

blusher.

facial makeupRange of beauty products designed to improve theappearance of facial skin.

loose powder brushBig round-tipped brush with soft

flexible bristles; it is used to pick upand apply loose powder.

liquid foundationLiquid product applied to the face and

neck to even out skin tone.

powder puffSmall round, often cotton pad used to

apply loose or pressed powder.

blusher brushSlender round-tipped brush with softflexible bristles; it is smaller than theloose powder brush and is used to pick upand apply powder blusher.

compactSmall flat case housing a containerwith pressed powder, a powder puff

and a mirror.

pressed powderCreamy compact powder used to touchup skin tone during the day; it usually

comes in a compact.

powder blusherPowdered product applied to the

cheekbones and cheeks to accentuatefacial lines and emphasize skin tone.

fan brushVery flat, very thin brush used to brush

away excess loose powder.

synthetic spongeSponge used to spread foundation

evenly over the skin.

makeupRange of beauty products designed to accentuate the facial features and conceal their imperfections.


eyeshadowProduct that comes mainly in pressed

powder form and is applied to theeyelids to give them color.

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eye makeupRange of beauty products designed to accentuate the eyes and

conceal their imperfections.

eyebrow pencilSharp pencil used to enhance

eyebrows or change their shape.

brow brush and lash combThe brush is used to smooth the brows and the comb to separate the lashes

after mascara has been applied.

liquid eyelinerDark liquid product applied at the baseof the lashes with a fine-tipped brushto accentuate the eyes.

liquid mascaraLiquid product applied to the lashes

with a brush to lengthen or thickenthem or change their color.

eyelash curlerClamp that closes over the lashes tocurl them thus making the eyes lookbigger.

mascara brushSmall brush used to apply mascara tothe lashes.

cake mascaraCreamy compact product applied to

the lashes with a brush to lengthen orthicken them or change their color.

sponge-tipped applicatorBrush with a sponge at the tip that is used to apply

and blend eyeshadow.


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lip makeupRange of beauty products designed toredraw the lipline and accentuate thelips.

lipbrushVery delicate brush with short stiff

bristles; it is used to draw the liplineand apply lipstick inside that line.

toilet paperThin soft sanitary absorbent paper,usually in a roll, for bathroom use.

tissuesSmall, disposable pieces of paper used

for blowing or wiping the nose.

liplinerPencil used to redraw and enhance the lipline.

lipstickWaxy product that comes in stick or

pencil form and is applied to the lips togive them color.

hygieneMeans and objects used to ensure cleanliness and health.


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hairdressingCare and styling of the hair using numerous appliances and accessories.

flat-back brushBrush with bristles set in a soft rubberbacking that is used to detangle wet

hair.

round brushBrush with bristles that completely

encircle the backing so that hair can begiven a soft wave.

quill brushBrush with round-tipped bristles set ina concave backing that massages thescalp; it is used for detangling and

arranging hair.

vent brushBrush with very widely spaced bristles setin a perforated backing; it is used during

blow-drying to detangle hair and style it fora natural look.

hairbrushesInstruments made up of fibers of varying

stiffness embedded in a backing; they areused to detangle and style hair.


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combsDevices with teeth of varying width and closeness thatare used to detangle and style the hair.

teaser combComb whose head has teeth of three

different lengths; it is used to brush upthe hair to give it more body.

tail combComb with small, closely spaced teeth

that is used to arrange the hair.

barber combComb with large, widely spaced teeth for

detangling the hair on one side and small,closely spaced teeth used to arrange the hair

on the other side.

Afro pickComb with long, widely spaced teethused for detangling and tidying tightlycurled hair without undoing the curls.

rake combComb with broad, widely spaced teethfor detangling hair without damaging

it.

pitchfork combComb combining a teaser comb and an

Afro pick.


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hairpinBent filament with spread arms that is

used to loosely secure a section of hairsuch as a chignon.

barretteBobby pin with a clasp; it is used as

adornment or to secure a lock of hair orthe whole head of hair.

hair clipMetal pin with elongated jaws that is usedduring styling to separate out sections of

hair not being worked on.

rollerCylinder whose length depends on thelength of the lock of rolled hair andwhose diameter depends on thedesired curl size.

hair rollerInstrument around which a lock of hair

is wrapped to make it curl.hair roller pinPin stuck through the roller to hold thelock of wrapped hair in place.

bobby pinBent filament with tightly closed arms;it is used to secure a section of hair by

holding it firmly in place.

wave clipPlastic pin with interlocking teeth used to

secure a lock of hair.


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126

lighted mirrorMirror with a light fixture and swivelingpanels that provide views fromdifferent angles.

side mirrorMirror that can be swiveled to provide

a view of the profile.

baseLower part of the mirror that acts as a

stand.

on-off switchDevice for turning the lighting on or

off.

dual swivel mirrorTwo-sided mirror, one side of which

provides a magnified view.

lightingDevice that emits white light that does

not change the color of the hair or skin.


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thinning razorRazor whose blade has sharp teeth that

can cut hair in points.

straightening ironElectric appliance that smoothes and

straightens hair.

plateHeating element that is closed over alock of curly or wavy hair and drawn

along its length to straighten it.

power cordFlexible electric wire housing the leadsconnecting the appliance to the electric

circuit.

handlePart used to pick up and handle theappliance.

clippersElectric appliance used to trim a beard or very

short hair; the adjustable head makes it possibleto trim to various lengths.


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curling ironElectric appliance used to curl hair.

handlePart molded to the shape of the hand; itis used to pick up and handle theappliance.

swivel cordElectric cord containing insulated wires thatconnect the appliance to the electric circuit;

the base is reinforced to reduce twisting andprevent wear.

on-off indicatorLight showing that the appliance is on.

on-off switchButton for turning the device on or off.

standPiece used to place the appliance on asurface even when the barrel is hot.

barrelHeated cylinder around which a lock ofhair is wrapped.

cool tipEnd of the barrel that remains cool sothat it can be touched with the fingerswhen handling the appliance.

heat ready indicatorSignal light that indicates when the iron is up to

temperature.

clamp leverPiece that is pushed down to open the

clamp.

clampClamp that closes over and pressesdown on a lock of hair before it is

rolled around the barrel.


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hair dryerElectric appliance that blows hot air to

dry hair.

fan housingPart of the appliance’s frame that housesthe motor and the fan that blows hot air.

air-inlet grilleGrating through which air is drawn in; it

prevents hair and other matter from enteringthe appliance’s housing.

speed selector switchDevice that regulates fan speed and hence the

power of the airflow.


air concentratorPiece that fits over the end of the appliance toconcentrate the flow of hot air over the hair. power supply cord

Flexible electric wire housing the leadsconnecting the appliance to the electric

circuit.

hang-up ringRing for hanging the hair dryer on a

hook when it is not in use.

handlePart used to pick up and handle the

appliance.

heat selector switchDevice regulating air temperature.

barrelPart housing the hair dryer’s heating

element.

air-outlet grilleGrating through which the hot air is blown; itprevents any contact with the heating elementinside.


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130

cutting edgeTapered edge of the blade designed forcutting.

haircutting scissorsStraight-bladed scissors used to trimhair.

bladeThin flat sharp moving part used to cut

hair.

ringhandleEnd of the shank of the scissors where thefingers are placed to move the blades.

blade close stopProjection on the ring handles thatabsorbs the impact between them.

shankEach of the elongated parts that are

moved to open and close the blades.

pivotHinge pin enabling the blades to openand close.


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131

notched edgeBlade with an edge that has a row ofteeth; it is used to cut hair in points.

notched double-edged thinning scissorsScissors with notched blades that thin the hair by cutting

individual locks in points.

notched single-edged thinning scissorsScissors that can both trim and thin hair because they have a

straight lower blade and a notched upper blade.

bladeBlade with a smooth cutting edge that

cuts straight across the hair.

toothEach of the sharp projections on theblade.


hairdressing

eau de parfumScented concoction added to awater/alcohol mix; it is more

concentrated and lingers longer thaneau de toilette.

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stopperDevice inserted into the neck of thebottle or screwed onto it to close thebottle.

bottleSmall bottle that is often made ofglass.

eau de toiletteScented concoction that is more

diluted with a water/alcohol mix thaneau de parfum.

toilet soapFragrant fat-based product that is used

for washing the body.

bubble bathProduct that is poured into the bathunder the faucet water; it produces

large amounts of foam and scents andcolors the bathwater.

deodorantProduct applied to the armpits thateliminates or reduces perspiration

odors.

haircolorProduct applied to the hair to color it.

hair conditionerProduct applied to the hair after

shampooing to strengthen it, improveits appearance and make styling easier.

shampooProduct used to wash the hair and the

scalp.

body careRange of methods promoting physical hygiene and beauty.


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back brushBath brush with a handle long enough

to scrub all of the back.

bath brushBrush with relatively soft, flexible

bristles that is used for scrubbing thebody during baths or showers.

bath towelUsually terry cloth article of bath linen used for drying

parts of the body after bathing.

bath sheetLarge bath towel used for drying the body after a shower or bath.

natural spongeParticularly soft, flexible absorbentmaterial that comes from the dried

skeleton of marine animals and is usedfor bathing.

vegetable spongeParticularly soft, flexible absorbent

material that comes from dried plantmatter and is used for bathing.

washclothSmall square towel that is usually made of terry

cloth and is used for washing the face.

washclothBath mitt usually made of terry cloth; it fits over thehand and is used for washing all or part of the body.

massage gloveRough glove used for rubbing the body to exfoliate the

skin and stimulate the circulation.


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134

P E R S O N A L A R T I C L E S

shavingRange of appliances and accessories used to cut the beard close to the skin.

electric razorRazor with power-activated blades.

trimmerRetractable accessory with two notchedblades; it uses a back-and-forthmotion to trim mustaches andsideburns.

closeness settingDevice that adjusts the height of therazor heads.

housingCase enclosing and protecting thedevice’s mechanism.

charging lightSignal light that indicates when therazor is recharging or when it isfinished.


floating headBase to which the blades are

connected; it pivots as it follows thefacial contours to give a close smooth

shave.

screenGrating that protects the skin from

contact with the blades and positionsthe hair so that it can be cut more

easily.

charge indicatorSignal indicating the amount of power

still available.

charging plugPlug used to connect the appliance to a

source of electricity or to charge thebattery.

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cleaning brushBrush used for cleaning the blades and

inside the heads.

power cordFlexible electric wire housing the leadsconnecting the appliance to the electric

circuit.

plug adapterElectric accessory adapting a plug toan outlet of a different configuration.

shaving foamProduct applied to the beard before

shaving to soften the hairs and help theblade glide more smoothly.

bristlePart of the shaving brush made ofhog’s hair or, more rarely, badger hair.

shaving brushBrush with long firm bristles that isused to apply a thin coat of shaving

lather to the face.

after shaveLotion applied to the face after shaving to

soothe and scent the skin.shaving mug

Container in which the shaving lather ismade before it is applied to the beard.

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136

straight razorTraditional barber’s razor that is madeup of a very sharp blade hinged into ahandle.

bladeLong sharp steel blade used for cuttingthe beard.

pivotHinge pin connecting the blade and the

handle.

handleCase made of materials such as horn, ivory

and mother-of-pearl that is used tomanipulate the razor during use and to store

the blade when it is not in use.

disposable razorPlastic razor with one or more overlappingblades that can be thrown away after a fewshaves.


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137

headEnd of the razor that holds the blade in

place; the head is screwed into it. collarRing that adjusts the angle of theblade.

handlePart used to manipulate the razor

during use.

blade injectorSmall metal box containing spare blades.

double-edged bladeDisposable blade with two cutting

edges doubling the blade’s useful life.

double-edged razorManual metal razor; it has a double-edged blade that can be replaced as

needed.


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dental careProcedures to care for the mouth and especially the teeth that include brushing, flossing and using mouthwash.

toothbrushInstrument that uses a back-and-forthmotion to clean teeth.

rowLine of bristles separated into tufts.

bristleFilament of varying softness that is

usually made of nylon.

handlePart used to pick up and handle the

brush.

headPart of the brush where the bristles are

inserted.

stimulator tipSmall, usually rubber piece used to clean and

massage the gums.

dental flossFlexible strong, often waxed strand that is

used to clean between the teeth.

dental floss holderDevice upon which dental floss is stretched

to make flossing easier.

dental flossFlexible strong, often waxed strand that is

used to clean between the teeth.

toothpastePaste or gel used to clean teeth and gumsby brushing it over the teeth and making it

foam.

mouthwashLiquid used to gargle, rinse the mouth and

freshen the breath.


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dental care

brushInstrument that uses a back-and-forthmotion to clean teeth.

toothbrush shaftPart through which the motor transmits

movement to the bristles of the brush.

pressure controlDevice regulating the flow of water

from the jet tip.

handlePart used to pick up and handle thebrush.

toothbrushInstrument that uses a back-and-forthmotion to clean teeth.


oral hygiene centerElectric appliance consisting of a toothbrush

and an oral irrigator.

jet tipPart with an opening through which the

water spray is projected.

oral irrigatorInstrument used after brushing that shoots

a water spray to clean the teeth andmassage the gums.

water tankContainer filled with water than can bemixed with toothpaste to supply theoral hygiene center.

motor unitPart containing the motor and the

various circuits making the appliancework.

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eyeglassesLenses set in frames that are placed in front of the eyes to correct vision or to protect the eyes from the Sun’sbrilliant rays.

eyeglasses parts


barPart following the line of the eyebrows

and connecting the two rims.

endpiecePart attached to the side of the rim that

connects the temple to the frame.

pad plateFlat end of the pad arm to which the

latter is attached.

butt-strapPart of the temple that hinges onto the

endpiece so that the temple can befolded behind the frames.

rimPart of the frames that surrounds and

supports the lens.

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eyeglasses

bridgePart of the frames that connects the twolens rims and rests on the nose.

templeHinged stem connected to the side ofthe rim; the end of it bends behind theear to hold the lenses in place in frontof the eyes.

glass lensTransparent lens with optical

characteristics designed for the needs ofa specific person and shaped to fit a

specific frame.

earpieceCurved rigid round-tipped part at the

far end of the temple that goes behindthe ear.

bendPart of the temple that rests on the earand where the backward curve begins.

nose padSmall, usually plastic piece thatsupports the rim on the nose.

pad armMetal stem connecting the nose pad to

the rim.

rimPart of the frames that surrounds and

supports the lens.

examples of eyeglassesThe shape of glasses varies depending on the period and their use(e.g., correcting far- or nearsightedness, protecting the eye,magnifying).

pince-nezGlasses whose frame has a spring

bridge that grips the nose.

lorgnetteGlasses held in front of the eyes by a

handle attached to the side of one rim.

142

framesMounting that supports the lenses andholds them in place in front of the eyes.


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143

half-glassesGlasses with half lenses to correct

farsightedness; the empty space abovethem is used to see distances.

scissors-glassesLorgnette whose lenses fold back overone another and can be slipped into

the handle, which also acts as a case.

sunglassesGlasses with lenses that filter the Sun’s

glare to protect the eyes.

monocleSingle lens held in place under the

ridge of the eyebrow.

opera glassesOptical magnifying instrument held infront of the eyes; it is used for lookingat relatively close objects such as atthe theater.


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144

contact lensesTransparent visual aid placed over the cornea to correct defective vision.

hard contact lensThicker than the soft contact lens, this

lens lasts from two to 10 years.

soft contact lensVery thin lens that molds perfectly to

the shape of the eye and lasts from oneto two years.

disposable contact lensSoft lens that lasts from one to 30 days.

right sidePlace where the lens worn in the right

eye is kept.

left sidePlace where the lens worn in the left

eye is kept.

lens caseContainer in which the lenses are kept

bathed in a multipurpose solution.

multipurpose solutionProduct that cleans, rinses, disinfectsand conserves the lenses.

lubricant eye dropsProduct applied in drops to the eyes to

moisten them; the lens does not have to beremoved.


145

leather goodsPersonal articles made of leather or fake leather.

attaché caseSmall plain well-made case with rigid sides that is

used to carry documents.

claspMetal device such as a clip or fastener

that is used to hold an object closed.

expandable file pouchSet of overlapping pockets used to hold

documents.

pen holderTubular piece of leather or fabric used

to hold pens.

frameRectangular metal piece on which the

shell is mounted; it supports thehinges, locks and handle.

dividerPanel used to keep personal effects

separate; it is held by hooks or snapfasteners and contains compartments

and pockets.

pocketSmall soft flat rectangular pocket that

is used to hold similar objects.

hingeMetal structure consisting of two

symmetrical pieces that move on anaxis and are used to open and close the

case.

liningFabric or leather covering that protectsand embellishes the inside of the case.

handleIt is used to pick up and carry the case. combination lock

Lock that is opened with a combinationof numbers.


146

briefcaseRectangular bag with compartmentsthat is used to carry items such asdocuments, files and books.

bottom-fold portfolioBriefcase with a handle; its sides expand toaccommodate more documents or books.

retractable handleRigid flat retractable handle that slidesthrough two openings in the case.

tabSmall piece with a fastening systemthat extends a flap or goes over anarticle’s opening to fasten it.

exterior pocket

gussetPiece sewn along the bottom and up

the side of a bag to increase itscapacity.

key lockLock that opens with a key.


leather goods

147

checkbook/secretary clutchArticle with compartments of various sizes that is intended to holdidentity papers, cards, banknotes, change, a pen and a checkbook.

card caseSet of adjacent pockets for inserting variouscards.

pen holderTubular piece of leather or fabric usedto hold pens.

checkbookNotebook containing blank checks.

trimmingMetal piece used to reinforce the edge

or the corner of certain articles.

calculatorSmall self-powered electronic

instrument used to automatically makenumerical calculations.

hidden pocketPocket with a hidden opening.

card caseArticle used to hold, organize and protect

identity papers and other cards while makingthem easily visible.

bill compartmentFlat compartment between the back

and the inside of a wallet or a card casewhere banknotes are kept.

windowsMobile compartment inside a cardcase that is usually divided into severalsections.

tabSmall piece with a fastening systemthat extends a flap or goes over anarticle’s opening to fasten it.

windowPart of a window into which documentssuch as identity papers and cards are

inserted to protect them and make theirfront sides visible.

slotNarrow elongated opening into which a

card is inserted with a part of itprojecting so it can be easily

recognized.

leather goodsP E R S O N A L A R T I C L E S

148

billfoldCase with a number of dividers that is

folded in half and used only forbanknotes.

coin purseSmall case of various sizes that isdesigned to hold change and is usuallycarried in a pocket.

purseSmall soft-sided bag with a zipper orclasp that is used to store change and

sometimes banknotes.

underarm portfolioSlim briefcase with only one

compartment.

checkbookCase that protects a checkbook from

handling and rubbing against theinside of a pocket or bag.


leather goods

149

walletArticle with compartments of varioussizes that is designed to hold identitypapers, cards, banknotes and change.

key caseCase accommodating a number of

keys that is designed to protect a bagor garment from contact with them.

passport caseCase usually separated into several

compartments; one of them is shapedto hold and protect a passport.

writing caseArticle for holding correspondence materials

such as paper and a pen; it has a rigidsurface for writing.

eyeglasses caseHolder with relatively rigid sides that isshaped to fit glasses and used to carry

and protect them.

leather goodsP E R S O N A L A R T I C L E S

150

handbagsRelatively soft and light accessory that contains a pocket and is carried in the hand, under the arm or over theshoulder; it is used to carry various objects.

satchel bagSturdy bag with a handle andsometimes shoulder straps; it

combines a handbag with a briefcase.

handleIt is used to pick up and carry the bag.

flapPiece sometimes equipped with a

fastening system that goes over theopening of an object to close it.

claspMetal device such as a clip or fastener

that is used to hold an object closed.

lockMechanism for an owner to secure an

article using a key or a combination.

carrier bagLarge sturdy bag with handles that is

used to carry groceries.

shopping bagLarge carrier bag.


151

hobo bagBag whose bottom consists of a strip that comesup each side as far as the opening and then forms

a point where the shoulder strap is attached.

drawstring bagSoft cylindrical bag with only one

compartment that closes with a drawstringand has a shoulder strap.

box bagRigid-sided bag with one or two

handles.

drawstring bagSoft-sided cylindrical flat-bottomedbag with a single compartment thatmight have handles or a shoulder

strap.

eyeletSmall metal-rimmed hole through

which the drawstring passes.

drawstringNarrow leather or fabric cord that is flat

or round; it is threaded through theeyelets and used to close the bag.

front pocket

handbagsP E R S O N A L A R T I C L E S

152

accordion bagBag that has soft adjacent pockets with

gussets and often zippers; the whole bagis closed with a flap.

gussetPiece sewn along the bottom and up

the side of a bag to increase itscapacity.

tote bagFairly large bag having neither dividernor pocket but with a shoulder strap; it

is practical, simple and sturdy.

duffel bagCylindrical bag usually with a zipper

along its entire length; it has twosymmetrical handles or a shoulder strap.

muffSmall light flat bag with a cord thathangs from the wrist; it is used for

carrying very small objects.


handbags

153

shoulder bagBag with an adjustable shoulder strap

and a flap or zipper closure.

buckleFastener made up of a ring that securesthe two ends of a shoulder strap.

shoulder strapLong belt often with a buckle to adjustit; it is used to carry the bag over theshoulder or diagonally across thechest.

sea bagLarge, usually leather-bottomed

drawstring bag with a shoulder strapattached down the side.

men’s bagSmall plain, usually rectangular bag

for men with a handle and sometimes ashoulder strap.

handbagsP E R S O N A L A R T I C L E S

bicycle bagBag that can be attached to thehandlebars or the carrier.

154

luggageArticles such as suitcases, boxes and bags that are used to store and protect items packed for a trip.


laptop computer briefcaseSmall briefcase with compartments; itcarries a laptop computer and itsaccessories as well as documents.

computer compartment

document compartment

shoulder strap

155

luggageP E R S O N A L A R T I C L E S

waist beltFabric strap that fits snugly around thehips and buckles there; it is designed

to distribute the bag’s weight.

side compression strapFabric band that reduces the size of the

bag and keeps the contents in place.

shoulder strapFabric band of variable length that

goes over the shoulder so the bag canbe carried on the back.

top flapPiece of fabric that folds over theopening of the backpack.

tightening buckleDevice used to adjust the length of thestrap.

front compression strapFabric band connected to the top flapstrap and used to fasten the backpack.

strap loopBuckle through which the strap passes.

backpackTravel or hiking bag that is worn on theback and is used to transport clothing,

camping equipment, etc.

156

luggage

tote bagLight travel bag with soft sides and

only one compartment.

carry-on bagTravel bag that can be carried into an

airplane cabin because its dimensionsdo not exceed the limits set by carriers.

handleIt is used to pick up and carry the bag.

exterior pocket

shoulder strapLong belt often with a buckle to adjustit; it is used to carry the bag over theshoulder or diagonally across thechest.


157

Pullman caseLarge rectangular piece of hand

luggage that is often equipped withwheels to facilitate transport.

handleIt is used to pick up and carry thesuitcase.

frameRectangular metal piece on which the

shell is mounted; it supports thehinges, locks and handle.

pull strapLeash attached to the suitcase that is

placed over the wrist to pull thesuitcase along on its wheels.

wheelSmall castor attached to a suitcase so

that it can be rolled rather than carried.

identification tagSmall transparent case attached to asuitcase; a label with the owner’s nameand address is inserted inside it.

trimParts made of various materials

designed to reinforce the bottom of thesuitcase.


158

weekenderSmall rectangular piece of hand luggage that is used for shorttrips.

curtainPanel for keeping papers separate frompersonal effects; it is held by hooks or

snap fasteners and sometimes has apocket.

interior pocket

garment strapStrips of elastic material attached to the

inside of a piece of luggage to keepclothing flat.

lockDevice attached to the piece of luggage

that is used to lock it.

shellLight metal or plastic structure thatmakes up the suitcase’s two mainpieces; they close one on top of theother.


luggageupright suitcaseRectangular suitcase, in a variety of sizes,equipped with wheels and a retractablehandle that facilitate transport.

retractable handleHandle that can be pulled out of thesuitcase so it can be pulled or pushedmore easily.

159

haspFastener that consists of a hinged pin with alock that is anchored to the inner wall of thetrunk; it fits over a ring attached to the lid and issecured by a lock bolt.

trayUsually removable part inside a piece of

luggage; it is divided into severalcompartments for storing articles that are

to be kept separate from others.

handleIt is used to pick up and carry the

trunk.fittings

Metal trim that reinforces the trunk.

latchTwo-part metal accessory that holds

the trunk lid closed.

cornerpieceMetal trim that reinforces the corners

of a trunk.

trunkLarge rigid sturdy piece of luggage that

is used to transport objects.


160

garment bagSoft-sided carrier that encases andprotects clothing; it is hung from abuilt-in hanger.

zipperClosure made up of two lengths of tapeedged with teeth that interlock bymeans of a slide.

luggage carrierWheeled stand that is pulled with a handle;suitcases are placed on it to transport them.

frameStructure consisting of usually metal

pieces forming the framework of anobject.

luggage elasticSturdy elastic cord with a hook at oneend that is wrapped around pieces of

luggage to restrain them duringtransport.

standFoldaway part of the luggage carrier on

which the suitcases are placed.


luggage

utility caseMulticompartment case designed tohold articles such as toiletries,cosmetics and jewelry.

161

smoking accessoriesRange of objects used for smoking tobacco in pipes, cigars or cigarettes.

cigarRoll made of pieces of tobacco leaves

wrapped in a large high-grade leaf.

cigar bandPaper ring that encircles the cigarbearing the manufacturer or brand

name or a company logo.

wrapperThin, very high-grade tobacco leaf used

as a casing to wrap around a cigar.

tobaccoProduct made from the dried leaves of

a nicotine-rich plant; the leaves aretreated and made into cigars or

cigarettes for smoking.

fillerInside of a cigar made of two to fourdifferent kinds of tobacco leaves,which are cut moderately fine.

tuckTip of the cigar that is to be lit; if thetuck is closed, it must be cut off beforethe cigar can be lit.

bunchBody of the cigar made up of the cuttobacco leaves and the leaf that iswrapped around them.

headEnd of the cigar that is placed in themouth; it must be clipped before thecigar is lit.


cigaretteSmall roll of cut tobacco wrapped inthin paper; it often has a filter at one

end and is made for smoking.

filter tipTip at the mouth end for capturing

some of the smoke’s toxic substances.

seamLine along which the cigarette paper is

sealed.

tobaccoProduct made from the dried leaves ofa nicotine-rich plant; the leaves aretreated and made into cigars orcigarettes for smoking.

paperVery thin sheet of paper that iswrapped around the tobacco.

162

pipeInstrument consisting of a tobaccohole that is filled with tobacco and astem through which the smoke isinhaled.

shankWith the tobacco hole, it forms part ofthe stummel and acts as a conduit.

bowlLower projecting part of the stummelthat is used to hold the pipe.

bitWide flat end of the stem that is held

between the teeth.

stemPart of the pipe that is usually made ofhard rubber; it fits into the shank and

acts as a conduit.

stummelUsually wooden part of a pipe that

contains the tobacco hole.

air holeEnd of the conduit through which

smoke passes into the mouth.

cross section of a pipe

pegProjecting part of the stem that fits intothe stummel.

tobacco holePart of the pipe that holds the burningtobacco.

filterSmall aluminum tube inserted betweenthe shank and the stem; it is intendedto capture some of the smoke’s toxic

substances.

mortiseOpening made in the stummel that the

peg of the stem fits into.


smoking accessories

163

pipe rackObject of various shapes on which

pipes are placed to cool; it is designedso that the pipe stem points up for it to

dry.

pipe cleanersFlexible fiber-covered rods used to

clean the inside of the stem.

pipe toolsMultipurpose three-armed instrument usedto tamp down tobacco in the tobacco hole

and to unblock and empty it.

tamperDevice used to tamp down any tobaccothat has expanded during burning.

scoopDevice used to remove any remainingashes and scrape away the carbonized

layer.

pickDevice used to ream the stem andempty the tobacco from the tobaccohole.

tobacco pouchWatertight case for storing tobacco.

smoking accessoriesP E R S O N A L A R T I C L E S

164

cigarette papersSet of very thin sheets of paper in

which tobacco is rolled so individualscan make their own cigarettes.

cigarette packUnit of sale containing 10, 20 or 25cigarettes.

stampRectangle of paper stuck on a cigarettepack to close it; it sometimes bears anexcise stamp.

tear tapeStrip of plastic that is torn away toremove the plastic covering thecigarette pack.trade name

Trademark that has been registered sothat only the legal owner may use it.

cartonUnit of sale containing several

cigarette packs.

cigar cutterDevice made of a perforated metal plateand a blade; it is used to clip a cigar’shead and tuck.

bladeSharp object with a movable blade that

cuts off the cigar’s head or tuck whenplaced in the cigar cutter’s hole.

ring handleRounded part through which the fingeris passed to hold the cigar cutter; themovable ring activates the blade.


smoking accessories

165

matchbookCase closed by a flap that contains

rows of matches attached to the book.cover

Flap that slides under the front flap toclose the book.

front flapFlap under which the matches areattached.

headEnd of the match with a chemical

coating that lights when struck againstanother surface.

matchstickUsually cardboard or wooden body ofthe match.

back

friction stripPart of a book or box of matches withan abrasive coating against which the

matches are struck to light them.

matchboxRectangular or square box with a

sliding lid containing loose matches.

safety matchSmall stem with a head that lights only

when struck against a particularsurface thus preventing accidental

lighting.

smoking accessoriesP E R S O N A L A R T I C L E S

166

gas lighterInstrument containing liquid butanesometimes mixed with propane that isignited by a spark produced fromfriction.

coverSpring-loaded hood that snaps down

to extinguish the flame.

striker wheelSmall notched wheel that producessparks when rubbed against a stonethus igniting the flow of gas.

flame adjustment wheelWheel that adjusts the flow of gas escaping fromthe tank thus increasing or decreasing the size ofthe flame.

butane tankHollow cylindrical compartment

containing liquid butane.

buttUnburned portion of a cigar or

cigarette.

ashResidue left from burned tobacco.

ashtrayReceptacle into which smokers emptytheir pipe or leave the remains of theircigar or cigarette.


smoking accessories

167

umbrella and stickThe shape, price and materials of these personal articles vary widely according to culture, period and

manufacturer.

umbrellaAccessory made up of a handle and

fabric stretched over a collapsiblemetal frame that is used as protection

against the rain.

spreaderPart of the frame that is connected to

both the ring and a rib.

ringPiece that slides up and down the

shank to open and close the umbrella.

tieStrip of material with a fastener that is

wrapped around the closed umbrella tohold the ribs and canopy in place.

canopyWaterproof fabric, often nylon.

tabSmall spring-loaded piece that engageswith the ring at the bottom and top of theshank and holds it in place to keep the

umbrella open or closed.

handleUsually plastic or sometimes woodenpart that is used to hold the umbrellawhether it is open or closed.

shankElongated wooden or metal piecealong which the ring slides.

tipUsually plastic or wooden trim thatdecorates the tip of each rib and hideswhere the canopy is attached.

ribHinged metal or wooden rod that isattached to the canopy and used tostretch it taut.


168

telescopic umbrellaUmbrella that can become shorter when

closed because it has a collapsiblehandle and hinged ribs that fold up.

push buttonButton that is pushed to activate the

umbrella’s opening mechanism.

coverElongated case that covers the

umbrella when it is closed to protect itscanopy.

umbrella standVariously shaped accessory or piece offurniture where umbrellas and walking

sticks are kept.

walking stickCrafted stick used for support when

walking.

stick umbrellaUmbrella with a handle shaped like a

walking stick.

ferruleUsually metal trim covering the tip of

an umbrella to decorate it and protect iffrom contact with the ground.

tie closureStrip of material with a fastener that is

wrapped around the closed umbrella tohold the ribs and canopy in place.

shoulder strapLong belt often with a buckle to adjustit; it is used to carry the umbrella overthe shoulder or diagonally across the

chest.

umbrella and stickP E R S O N A L A R T I C L E S

Aaccordion bag 152accordion pleat 62adjustable strap 82adjustable waist tab 39adjustment slide 46Afro pick 124after shave 135aikidogi 97aikidoka 97air concentrator 129air hole 162air-inlet grille 129air-outlet grille 129air-supply tube 104alpine skier 101amethyst 112ancient costume, elements 8ankle boot 31ankle length 47anklet 80anorak 91aquamarine 112arm slit 55armet 18, 19armhole 48armor 18ascot tie 44ash 166ashtray 166athletic shirt 48attaché case 145

Bbaby doll 75back 41, 165back brush 133back of a glove 37back pocket 45backpack 155badge 103baguette cut 111balaclava 24, 100ballerina shoe 30band ring 115bangle 116bar 140barber comb 124barrel 128, 129barrette 125base 126bateau neck 74bath brush 133bath sheet 133bath towel 133bathing wrap 81bathrobe 75batwing sleeve 68beaver 19

bell bottoms 64belt 46, 52belt loop 45, 46, 52bend 141beret 24Bermuda shorts 64bertha collar 73bezel 114bezel facet 109bib 81, 82, 85bib necklace 107bicorne 14bicycle bag 154bikini 78bikini briefs 49bill compartment 147billfold 148binding 26bishop sleeve 68bit 162blade 130, 131, 136, 164blade close stop 130blade injector 137blanket sleepers 83blazer 63blouses, examples 66blucher oxford 34blusher brush 120boater 27bobby pin 125body care 132body shirt 66body suit 76bodysuit 81bolero 63boot 31boot jack 36bootee 34bootees 81bottle 132bottom face 109bottom-fold portfolio 146boubou 20bow 26bow collar 72bow tie 44bowl 162box bag 151boxer 96boxer shorts 49, 91boxing trunks 96bra 78, 79bracelets 116braies 13break line 71breast dart 51breast pocket 42, 51breast welt pocket 40breastplate 18

breeches 12, 13, 15, 17bridge 141briefcase 146briefs 49, 79brilliant cut facets 108brilliant full cut 110brim 25, 26briolette cut 111bristle 135, 138broad welt side pocket 50,52, 56, 70brooch 117brow brush and lash comb121brow reinforce 19brush 139bubble bath 132buckle 46, 153buckled shoe 15bunch 161bunting bag 81bustle 11butane tank 166butt 166butt-strap 140button 42, 86button loop 46button strap 85buttondown collar 43buttoned placket 42, 87buttonhole 50

Ccabochon cut 111caftan 20cake mascara 121calculator 147camisole 76canopy 167cap 27, 103cap sleeve 68cape 12, 55car coat 57caraco jacket 11card case 147cardigan 63, 87carrier bag 150carry-on bag 156carton 164cartwheel hat 25case 35, 118casual shoe 31center back vent 41chain mail 18chamois leather 35, 119charge indicator 134charging light 134charging plug 134charm bracelet 116

charms 116checkbook 147, 148checkbook/secretary clutch147children’s clothing 84chin guard 105chin strap 94, 105chiton 9chlamys 9choker 107chukka 34cigar 161cigar band 161cigar cutter 164cigarette 161cigarette pack 164cigarette papers 164clamp 128clamp lever 128clasp 145, 150class ring 115classic blouse 66claw 114cleaning brush 135cleated shoe 94climbing iron 36clip earrings 106clippers 127cloche 25clog 29closeness setting 134clothing 8coat dress 58coats 50, 55coin purse 148collar 40, 42, 50, 71, 88, 137collar bar 117collar point 42, 71collar stay 43collaret 14, 73collars, examples 71comb 19combination lock 145combs 124compact 120compressed-air cylinder 104computer compartment 154contact lenses 144cool tip 128cornerpiece 159corselette 76corset 10, 79cotehardie 11counter 88couter 18cover 165, 166, 168cowl neck 73crakow 14crampon strap 102

crash helmet 100crease 45crest 16crew neck 83crew neck sweater 63, 87cross section of a pipe 162crossover back straps overalls85crotch 49crotch piece 66crown 25, 26, 108cuff 12, 32, 42, 45cuff link 69cuirass 16cuisse 18culet 108, 109culottes 61cup 79curling iron 128curtain 158cut for gemstones 110cuticle nippers 118cuticle pusher 118cuticle scissors 118cuticle trimmer 118cutting edge 130cyclist 99

Ddécolleté bra 78decorative braid 81dental care 138dental floss 138dental floss holder 138deodorant 132derby 27diamond 113diaper 82disposable contact lens 144disposable diaper 82disposable razor 136divider 145do not iron 22do not tumble dry 23do not use chlorine bleach 22do not wash 21document compartment 154dog ear collar 72double-breasted buttoning 52double-breasted jacket 40double-edged blade 137double-edged razor 137doublet 13draped neck 74draped neckline 74drawers 48drawstring 54, 151

E N G L I S H I N D E X

169

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EX

170

drawstring bag 151dress with bustle 11dress with crinoline 10dress with panniers 11dresses, examples 58drip dry 23driver 100driving glove 37drop earrings 106drop waist dress 59dry flat 23drying 23dual swivel mirror 126duffel bag 152duffle coat 54

Eear flap 27earpiece 141earrings 106eau de parfum 132eau de toilette 132eight cut 110elastic waistband 53elastic webbing 46elasticized leg opening 49electric razor 134emerald 113emerald cut 110emery boards 119endpiece 140engagement ring 115epaulet 52epaulet sleeve 68espadrille 28evening glove 38examples of blouses 66examples of collars 71examples of dresses 58examples of eyeglasses 142examples of pants 64examples of pleats 62examples of pockets 70examples of skirts 60examples of sleeves 68executive length 47exercise wear 90expandable file pouch 145exterior pocket 146, 156eye guard 105eye makeup 121eyebrow pencil 121eyebrow tweezers 118eyeglasses 140eyeglasses case 149eyeglasses parts 140eyeglasses, examples 142eyelash curler 121eyelet 33, 89, 151eyelet tab 33eyeshadow 121

Ffabric care symbols 21face mask 94facial makeup 120fall 71false tuck 81fan brush 120fan housing 129felt hat 24, 26ferrule 168fez 20fibula 8filler 161filter 162filter tip 161firefighter 104fittings 159flame adjustment wheel 166flame-resistant driving suit100flap 40, 150flap pocket 41, 51, 70flat-back brush 123fleece jacket 91floating head 134floating sleeve 11fly 45, 49, 82fly front closing 56fold 8folding nail file 119foot 83football player 94footless tights 90footstrap 64foundation slip 77fourchette 37fraise 14frame 52, 145, 157, 160frames 142French cuff 69French cut 111French soldier 15friction strip 165fringe 10frock coat 13frog 54front 39, 41, 42front apron 44front compression strap 155front flap 165front pocket 151front top pocket 45full face mask 104

Ggaiter 14Gallic warrior 17garment bag 160garment strap 158garnet 112garrison cap 27garter 78garter belt 79gas lighter 166gather 66gather skirt 61gauntlet 18, 38

gemstones, cut 110girdle 79, 108gladius 16glass lens 141glove 96, 99glove finger 37glove, back 37glove, palm 37gloves 37, 100goalkeeper’s gloves 93gob hat 25gored skirt 60gorget 19greave 18grow sleepers 83gun flap 52gusset 146, 152gusset pocket 63, 70

Hhair clip 125hair conditioner 132hair dryer 129hair roller 125hair roller pin 125hairbrushes 123haircolor 132haircutting scissors 130hairdressing 123hairpin 125hakama 97half-glasses 143half-slip 77hand wash in lukewarm water21hand-warmer pocket 53, 55hand-warmer pouch 70handbags 150handle 127, 128, 129, 136,137, 138, 139, 145, 150,156, 157, 159, 167handle, retractable 158hang to dry 23hang-up ring 129hanger loop 86hanging sleeve 13hard contact lens 144hasp 159hatband 26head 137, 138, 161, 165headgear 24, 26, 96heat ready indicator 128heat selector switch 129heavy duty boot 34heel 32, 47, 88heel grip 32heeled shoe 14helmet 17, 94, 99, 101, 102,104, 105hennin 14hidden pocket 147high-back overalls 82hijab 20

hiking boot 29hinge 145hobo bag 151hood 54, 81, 84, 102hooded sweat shirt 92hoop earrings 106horn 116horseshoe 116hose 78, 80houppelande 13house dress 58housing 134hunting cap 27hygiene 122

Iidentification badge 103identification bracelet 116identification tag 157inset pocket 70inside-leg snap-fastening 82,83insole 35instep 47interchangeable studs 93interior pocket 158inverted pleat 62iron at high setting 22iron at low setting 22iron at medium setting 22ironing 22

Jjabot 72jacket 12, 53, 55, 57jacket, fleece 91jackets 39, 63javelin 16jaw 119jeans 65jersey 99jet tip 139jewelry 106jodhpurs 98jumper 59jumpsuit 65, 81, 85justaucorps 12, 15

Kkarate-gi 97karateka 97key case 149key lock 146kick pleat 62kilt 60kimono 20, 75kimono sleeve 68knee pad 94knee-high sock 80knickers 65knife pleat 45, 62knit shirt 87

Llapel 41, 71lapis lazuli 112laptop computer briefcase154latch 159leading edge 71leather end 46leather goods 145left side 144left: American symbols 22, 23leg 47leg-of-mutton sleeve 68leg-warmer 90legging 102legionary 16lens case 144leotard 90lever 119lighted mirror 126lighting 126lining 32, 39, 40, 41, 44, 88,145lip makeup 122lipbrush 122lipliner 122lipstick 122liquid eyeliner 121liquid foundation 120liquid mascara 121loafer 28lock 150, 158locket 107loincloth 20loop 44, 88loose powder 120loose powder brush 120lorgnette 142lower girdle facet 109lubricant eye drops 144luggage 154luggage carrier 160luggage elastic 160

Mmachine wash in hot water ata normal setting 21machine wash in lukewarmwater at a gentlesetting/reduced agitation 21machine wash in warm waterat a gentle setting/reducedagitation 21machine wash in warm waterat a normal setting 21makeup 120mandarin collar 73mandown alarm 104manicure set 118mascara brush 121massage glove 133matchbook 165matchbox 165matchstick 165matinee-length necklace 107

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171

men’s bag 153men’s clothing 39men’s gloves 37men’s headgear 26men’s shoes 32mid-calf length 47middle sole 88middy 67midriff band 79mini shirtdress 66mitt 38mitten 37, 102mittens 81moccasin 28mock pocket 55monocle 143mortise 162motor unit 139mountaineer 102mountaineering boot 102mouthwash 138muff 152mule 28multipurpose solution 144

Nnail buffer 119nail care 118nail cleaner 119nail clippers 119nail enamel 119nail file 118nail scissors 118nail shaper 118nail whitener pencil 119nameplate 116natural sponge 133navette cut 111neck end 44neck guard 105neckhole 48necklaces 107necklines 74necks 74necktie 15, 44negligee 75net stocking 80newborn children’s clothing81nightgown 75nightwear 75nose 19nose of the quarter 32, 88nose pad 141notch 41, 71notched double-edgedthinning scissors 131notched edge 131notched lapel 50, 51notched single-edged thinningscissors 131

Oobi 97on-off indicator 128on-off switch 126, 128, 129,134, 139one-bar shoe 30opal 112opening 37opera glasses 143opera-length necklace 107oral hygiene center 139oral irrigator 139outside counter 32outside ticket pocket 40outsole 33, 89oval cut 111over-blouse 67overalls 65, 84overcoat 51, 56oxford shoe 34

Ppad arm 141pad plate 140pagoda sleeve 69pajamas 75, 84palla 9palm 37palm of a glove 37panama 27panel 46, 79pants 45, 91, 94, 102pants, examples 64panty corselette 77panty girdle 79panty hose 80paper 161parka 53, 102parts of a ring 114parts of a shoe 32passport case 149patch pocket 40, 54, 70, 82pauldron 18pavilion 108pavilion facet 109pea jacket 55peak 24, 27peaked lapel 40pear-shaped cut 111pedal pushers 65peg 162pelerine 57pen holder 145, 147pendant 107peplos 8perforated toe cap 33perforation 37personal adornment 8, 106personal articles 134Peter Pan collar 72pick 163pierced earrings 106pillbox hat 25pince-nez 142pins 117pipe 162

pipe cleaners 163pipe rack 163pipe tools 163pipe, cross section 162pitchfork comb 124pivot 130, 136plate 127player’s number 94pleats, examples 62plug adapter 135plunging neckline 74pocket 145pocket handkerchief 41pockets, examples 70pointed tab end 42, 69poleyn 18police officer 103polo collar 73polo dress 58polo shirt 67, 95poncho 57poulaine 18powder blusher 120powder puff 120power cord 127, 135power supply cord 129precious stones 113pressed powder 120pressure control 139pressure demand regulator104princess dress 58princess seaming 77puff sleeve 68pull strap 157Pullman case 157pump 30punch hole 33, 46, 89purple border 8purse 148push button 168push-up bra 78

Qquarter 32, 88quill brush 123

Rraglan 56raglan sleeve 50, 52, 56, 68,83raincoat 50rake comb 124rank insignia 103rear apron 44reflective stripe 105rerebrace 18retractable handle 146, 158rib 167ribbing 83, 86rider 98riding cap 98riding glove 98riding jacket 98right side 144

right: European symbols 22,23rim 140, 142ring 167ring handle 164ring, parts 114ringhandle 130rings 114roll 71roller 125Roman legionary 16rompers 85rope 107rose cut 110rosette 15round brush 123round neck 74row 138rubber 34rubber boot 104ruby 113ruching 81ruffle 11ruffled rumba pants 81ruffled skirt 61running shoe 88

Ssabaton 18safari jacket 63safety match 165safety scissors 119sailor collar 72sandal 16, 29, 30sapphire 113sari 20sarong 60satchel bag 150scissors cut 110scissors-glasses 143scoop 163screen 134screen print 83screw earrings 106sea bag 153seam 37, 39, 161seam pocket 57, 70self-contained breathingapparatus 104semiprecious stones 112set-in sleeve 42setting 114shampoo 132shank 130, 162, 167shapka 27shaving 134shaving brush 135shaving foam 135shaving mug 135shawl 11shawl collar 72sheath dress 58sheath skirt 60

sheepskin jacket 53shell 158shield 16, 17shin guard 93shirt 42, 81shirt collar 72shirt sleeve 69shirttail 42, 66shirtwaist dress 58shoe 99, 100shoe polish 35shoe polisher 35shoe rack 36shoe, parts 32shoebrush 35shoehorn 36shoelace 33, 89shoes 28shoes, accessories 35shoeshine kit 35shoetree 36shopping bag 150short glove 38short sleeve 10short sock 80shorts 64, 84, 91, 93, 99shoulder bag 153shoulder strap 79, 103, 153,154, 155, 156, 168side back vent 40side compression strap 155side mirror 126side panel 50signet ring 115single-breasted jacket 41singlet 96sinus 8ski boot 101ski glove 101ski goggles 101ski pants 64ski suit 101skirt 18, 55, 95skirts, examples 60skull 19skullcap 27sleepers 83sleeve 10, 40, 41sleeve strap 52sleeve strap loop 52sleeves, examples 68sling back shoe 30slip 77slip-stitched seam 44slot 147smock 66smoking accessories 161snap fastener 37, 53snap-fastening front 83snap-fastening tab 53snap-fastening waist 83snowsuit 84

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soccer player 93soccer shoe 93sock 80, 93, 94, 95socks 47soft contact lens 144soldier, French 15sole 47solitaire ring 115southwester 25spear 15, 17specialized clothing 103speed selector switch 129spencer 63spike 102sponge-tipped applicator 121sportswear 88, 93spread collar 43spreader 167square neck 74stamp 164stand 71, 128, 160stand-up collar 73star facet 109steel 78stem 162step cut 111stick 167stick umbrella 168stickpin 117stimulator tip 138stitch 33, 88stitching 37stocking 15, 80stocking cap 24stola 9stomacher 11stone 114stopper 132straight razor 136straight skirt 61straight-up ribbed top 47straightening iron 127strap 118strap loop 155strapless bra 78striker wheel 166stud 89

stummel 162suit 55suitcase, upright 158sundress 59sunglasses 143surcoat 10suspender clip 46suspenders 46sweat pants 92sweat shirt 92sweater vest 87sweaters 63, 86sweetheart neckline 74swimming trunks 90swimsuit 90swivel cord 128symbols, fabric care 21synthetic sponge 120

TT-shirt 91T-shirt dress 85T-strap shoe 30tab 50, 146, 147, 167table 108, 109table cut 110tag 32, 88tail comb 124tailored collar 55, 72tailored sleeve 69tamper 163tank top 84, 91tasset 18team shirt 93, 94tear tape 164teaser comb 124teddy 76telescopic umbrella 168temple 141tennis player 95tennis shoe 28, 95thigh pad 94thigh-boot 31thigh-high stocking 80thinning razor 127thinning scissors 131thong 29

three-quarter coat 51three-quarter sleeve 68thumb 37tie 167tie bar 117tie closure 168tiepin 117tightening buckle 155tip 46, 167tissues 122tobacco 161tobacco hole 162tobacco pouch 163toe 47toenail scissors 119toga 8toggle fastening 54toilet paper 122toilet soap 132tongue 32, 46, 89tooth 131toothbrush 138, 139toothbrush shaft 139toothpaste 138top coat 56top face 109top flap 155top hat 27top lift 32top stitched pleat 62top stitching 46, 82topaz 112toque 25tote bag 152, 156tourmaline 112trade name 164traditional clothing 20training set 84training suit 92trapeze dress 59tray 159trench coat 52tricorne 14, 15trim 157trimmer 134trimming 147trunk 159

trunk hose 13tuck 161tumble dry at low temperature23tumble dry at mediumtemperature 23tunic 16, 67tunic dress 59turban 20, 25turnouts 104turquoise 112turtleneck 73, 87twin-set 63two-way collar 52

Uumbrella 167, 168umbrella stand 168underarm portfolio 148undergarment 100underskirt 10underwear 48, 76underwire 78uniform 103union suit 48unisex headgear 24unisex shoes 28upper girdle facet 109upright suitcase 158use chlorine bleach asdirected 22utility case 160

VV-neck 39, 86V-neck cardigan 86V-shaped neck 74vambrace 18vamp 33, 89vegetable sponge 133Velcro® closure 82velvet-band choker 107vent brush 123vent-tail 19vertical pocket 11vest 12, 15, 39, 63vinyl grip sole 83vision slit 18visor 19

Wwaist 32waist belt 15, 155waistband 45, 49, 54waistband extension 45waistcoat 13walking stick 168wallet 149washcloth 133washing 21wasp-waisted corset 78water tank 139waterproof pants 82wave clip 125wedding ring 115weekender 158welt 33, 39welt pocket 39, 70, 86wheel 157windbreaker 54window 147windows 147wing 13women’s clothing 55women’s gloves 38women’s headgear 25women’s shoes 30wraparound dress 59wraparound skirt 60wrapover top 67wrapper 161wrestler 96wrestling shoe 96wrist-length glove 38wristband 94, 95writing case 149

Yyoke 42, 54, 66yoke skirt 61

Zzipper 53, 83, 118, 160

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T H E V I S U A LD ICT ION A RY OF

Adapted from the famous Visual Dictionary, an international bestseller with more than 8 million copies sold, this new series of thematic and ultracompact books provides readers with a multitude of words and concepts that are encountered in everyday life.

All the subjects are explained with highly realistic illustrations, accompanied by terminology and concise definitions produced by an experienced group of professionals.

The Visual Dictionary of Clothing and Personal Adornment presents past and present clothes, from here or elsewhere, and describes accessories and small objects used in everyday life.

Convenient and affordable, this book is an ideal reference tool to rediscover many familiar objects!

CLOTHING & PERSONAL ADORNMENT

1312

vestIn the 17th and 18th centuries, the vestwas worn under the justaucorps; it hungstraight and had two pockets with flapsand tight sleeves.

justaucorpsLong garment for men that was close-fitting andslightly flared at the bottom. It was initially worn

as a military uniform; after 1670 it became anitem of civilian clothing.

cuffReverse side of the sleeve or a strip ofmaterial added to the end of a sleeveand folded back.


houppelandeLong full ceremonial garment (man’s coator woman’s dress) worn at the end of the

14th century and in the early 15th century.

wingPiece of fabric added to the armhole to

accentuate the width of the shoulder.

trunk hoseShorter version of braies and a forerunner of

breeches, trunk hose were worn from the 16thto the 17th century; they puffed out and were

gathered above the knee.

doubletTight padded garment with a belt andsleeves; it was worn by men from the

14th to the 17th century.

hanging sleeveLong sleeve, slashed at the elbow so

the arm could extend out of it.

frock coatIn the 19th century, a vest with nopockets that was extended by two longpanels in the back.

waistcoatWorn since the end of the 18th century,the waistcoat is tight and sleeveless; thefront is buttoned and made of qualitymaterial while the back is made of lining.

braiesFull pants that were characteristic of


with straps.


elements of ancient costumeelements of ancient costume

jacketPadded and belted male garment worn between

the 14th and the 16th century, based on thedoublet; the belt created folds below the waist

and the sleeves widened at the shoulders.

capeVery full coat of variable length that covered thebody and arms; it had no sleeves or armholesand sometimes had a hood and slits for the

arms.

C L O T H I N G C L O T H I N G

the visual dictionary of clothing & personal adornment

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