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SECTION II.

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Ukrainian DailyVOL. LIV. N o . 107.

Dedicated to the needs and interest of young Americans of Ukrainian descent

No. 20 NEW YORK and JER SE Y CITY, SATURDAY, JU NE 1 , 1946 VOL. XI V

GIVE US BACK VILNA AND LVOW!"4;

Like most people th is s inner doesn ' t .re l ish giving a human being who isdown an oth er shove or jo ining in abonfire dance over the prostra te!

f igure of an unhappy member of the;fam ily ^of natio ns. My sincere wishgoes to the people of Poland th atsome day soon there wil l be a Europeand a world in which a l l nat ions wil lfind freedom and a way of life thatwil l bear none of the scars that havema rred the world for centur ies . Ihope tha t the old Polan d is dead anda new one is aroun d the bend of 'a br i l l iant rainbow. Fo r the old Poland may have been good to a smallnum ber of the e l ite , but for thelarge numbers of people , includingthe Ukra in ians who found themselves within her border s by thelshee r ac t o f g rab -g rab me thods , t he1

old Polan d was def inite ly bad. , |I t seems, however, th at m any of ,

the cha rac te r i s t i c s wh ich gu ided theth i nk ing and ac t ions o f ou r Slavbrothers in the days of long ago aswell as in the more recent pre-w*arda ys a re so deeply rooted in their|na t iona l a t t i t udes tha t ne i the r wa r !no r suffer ing has chang ed them. I twas wi th some su rp r i se and d i smaythat I read not long ago a news item*about an incident in Cracow according to which the people of that c i tyjwere c ry ing ou t to the C omm unis t s : '

"Give us back Vilno and Lvow !" jWha t a s t r ange s logan , to be su re !The world in a turm oil , the l i t t le

a tom spl i t , the socio-economic patter ns in need of overhau l ing, dem o-!c racy ( and I mean democracy, b ro - |t he r, and no t the to t a l i t a r i an camou- jflage which is on the offensive,) on 'the defensive , the Chris t ian worldjsuffer ing from some sor t of spl i t per-sonal i ty complex, the bird of peace 'reveal ing rap acious c laws, Eu rope inja s ta te * of d is in tegrat ion , men, women and ch i ld ren s t a rv ingand thepeople of Cracow crying out :

"Give us back Vilna and L vow !" |Is tha t the sum to ta l of wisdom]

that the Pol ish people have acquired!ou t of the horr ib le exper iences of

wa r? I s chauv in i sm in Europe sorampan t tha t a na t ion canno t s ee ve ryfar beyond the debatable c la ims totwo ci t ies ? Is th is the sor t of ' th inking on which to bui ld that brave newworld to come? Is that the type ofjust ice for which the Am ericans 'f o u g h t ?, ;The re ' s ha rd ly a chance tha t the

Com mu nists or anyb ody e lse are go--in to give Poland Vilno or Lviw. BuCw ha t is significant is the fa ct that^ther e are s t i ll people in w ar- ton rEu rop e who think in term s of hanker-^ jiiig after a city here and a city there, a-bou ndary l ine to the lef t and bdujadacy^l ine to the r ight , when & 1

wbole world is underg oing som epre t ty terr i f ic funda men tal chang es.

The re i s dange r in tha t k ind o fth ink in g a s the re i s dang e r in th e

Communist ideological invasion ofterr i t ory o r in the spread of Fas-c is t ic doctr ines .

Al l o f the se to c i ti e s, t owns ,

po r t s , bounda r i e s and so many squa remiles of terr i tory do n ' t seem to mak emuch sense . Ei the r the new weaponsthat man has been discovering arewhat the sc ient is ts c la im they are ,and in that case what does a town,port or boundary l ine mean, or thebogeym an isn ' t as terr ib le as he issa id to be , and in tha t case thescient is ts should qui t making peoplej i t t e ry.

Bu t even if we are guided by thepre-war ways of th inking, th is ismine and t ha t is th ine , and I dareyou to take i t away from me, theUkrainians have a c la im to Lviwand the Li thuanians to Vilno. Theprese nt se t-up is far f rom at t r act iv e ,but nei ther was the one during whichthe Poles were in comm and. Thetwen ty y ea r s o f Po l i sh admin i s t r at ion of Western Ukraine , includingLviw, were among the dark pages inUk raine 's h is tory . T he promise ofau tonomy was neve r ca r r i ed ou t .There was a systematic process ofcolonization and P olonizat ion. TheUkrainians had no Univers i ty of theirown, while the num ber of Uk rainians tuden t s admi t t ed to the Po l i sh Un ivers ities was ridiculously sm all. TheUkrain ian press was censored. Organizat ions were of ten disbanded.Prisons were filled with politicalpr isoners . "Pacif icat ion" became asynonym for a l l that is cruel in man.The "union" of the two peoples wasneve r marked by any pa r t i cu la r ha rmo ny,- not eve^i by a honey moo n.

When the people of Cracow clam orfor Lviw one wonders w hat , in th el ight of past exper iences , they woulddo with the c i ty and i ts Ukra inianpopu lat ion. Surely there is enoughwork for th em in rebui ld ing theircoun t ry wi th in the more modes te thnologic boundaries of today without wishing upon themselves theaddi t ional headaches of pre-war days.

MARIE S. GAMBAL

Russians Assaulted in Ukrainian CampTwenty-f ive Ukrainians charged

with having assaul ted two Russianofficers and two Russian in terp reters jare on t r ia l before a mil i tary government court , in Weisbaden, Ger-man y on May 24, The New YorkTimes repo rts . j

The Ukr ainian s , according to th echa rges , pe t t ed the Russ ians wi th !pota to es and s tones beat them andknifed one when they visited a dis-placed persons camp at Kaste l near*Mainz a mon th ago . The Russ ians 'were sa id to have been on a "rout inevisi t" to explain the possib ilities of;repatr i a t ion to the Soviet Union. j

Cons te rna t ion swep t th rough thecamp of Ukrainians , who c la im tobe from sect ions of the Ukraine that

formerly were par t of Poland andCzechoslovakia when the Russiansappeared, mil i tary government off icersrepo r t ed .

Women wept and prayed, bel ieving they were to be sent to the SovietUnion. A 24-year-old Uk rainianhanged himself, leaving a suicidenote s ta t in g tha t h is family hadbeen deported to Siberia and he pi-e-ferred death to fa l l ing under Sovietcontrol .

Six persons were arres ted, four ofwhom were sentenced to four yearsin pr ison a t a h i th er to un report edtr ia l . Twenty - two oth ers were pickedout for t r ia l la ter, by Russian auth ori t ies dur ing a parade of a l l males a tthe camp .

"Nansen Passports" To Aid RefugeesRepresenta t ive Luce of Connect icut sa id today that the Sta te Depart

ment had approved a resolut ion toaid war refugees unable to re turn totheir homes because of pol i t ica l oroth er difficulties, the Asso ciatedPres s r epo r t ed on May 23 .

A le t ter f rom Dean Acheson, Acting Secretary of Sta te , advised Mrs.Luce and Senator Vandenberg of Michigan, who jo ined in in troducing the

re so lu t ion , tha t t he Sta t e Depa r tmen thad instructed i ts represen ta t ive onj the in t e rgove rnmen ta l Commi t t ee onRefugees to favor issuance of paperss imi la r to the "Nansen passpo r t "used af ter the f i rs t World War.

These "Nansen pas spo r t s " s e rvedas ident i f ica t ion papers for d isplacedpersons, legi t imat ized their c iv i l s tatus and their right to become self-

1 sus ta in ing pe r sons . (

Kolessa Appears On"Pop" Carnegie

Program Lubk a Kolessa , Ukrainian pian is tof in ternat ional reputa t ion, appearedas guest ar t is t in New York 's C arneg ie Ha l l "Pops" conce r t Thursdayevening, May 24. She was heard inSchumann piano concer to . The concer t was conducted by Edw ard Fend-ler and was broad cast over radios t a t ion "WNYC.

Othe r a r t i s t s who appea red wereR e g in a R es ir ik , , E m a n u elVardi , v iola . The orchestra l workspresented included Mozart ' s "Einek le ine Nach tmu s ik ," the Gavo t t a f romProkofieffs "Class ical Symphony,"

Dinner WelcomesUkrainian Vets

Veterans a t tending a welcome homedinner and dance las t Sunday, May26, at the Ukrain ian N at ional Hal l ,214 Ful ton s t reet , El izabeth , N. J . ,we re exhor t ed by Mayor Jam es T.Kirk and Pol ice Judge John L. Mc-;Guire to embrace their responsibi l it ies as c i t izens and keep remembering those who had not come back, theEl i zabe th Da i ly Jou rna l r epo r t s .

Approx ima te ly 500 pe r sons a t t ended the affa ir, sponsored by the Ukrainian Nat ional Home Associa t ionand St . Vladimir ' s Ukrainian GreekCa tho l i c Church .

Mayor Kirk urged the veterans to ;form a veterans ' post of UkrainianAm ericans . Judg e McGuire placedpart ic ular emp hasis on the sacri f iceof the twenty-one who bad died inse rv ice .v

Rev. Leo Chapelsky, pastor of St .jVladim ir ' s Church , offered the invocat ion and conducted memoria lservices for the war dead. Names ofthe twenty-one were read by GeorgeKartychak Jr. , a f ter which Theodore Shubick sounded taps .

Welcome to the veterans was extended by Michael Galinowycz, presi-jdent of the home associa t ion. Pete r!Hondowicz was master of ceremonies .A f lag ceremony arranged by JohnKowalczyk highl ighted the memoria lservices .

St . Vladimir ' s choir, under the di- 'rec t ion of Mich aebYad lowsk y, sang.:Mrs. Roman Slobodian was chairmanof women who prepared the dinner.

Kodaly 'e "Inte rmez zo" and Berl ioz '"Rakoczy March ." I

Gets Radio StationMusic Post

Samuel Czuba, young C hicagoan ofUkrainian descent and recent ly discharged, f rom his dut ies as U. S. Naval Lieutenant , has accepted the posit ion as musical d irector of radia s tat ion VHVH (Voice of Hines-VaughanHosp i ta l) repo rts Miss Mildred Mila-nowicz. Th e s ta t ion broadc asts f romthe coun t ry ' s l a rges t ve te ran ' s hospi ta l .

In addi t ion to his radio work, Mr.Czuba a lso has accepted the directorship of the Ukrainian Chorus of Chicago, a non-affiliated group now rebui ld ing i ts war-deple ted male sect ion preparatory to regaining i ts prewar fame.

Mr. Czuba gained considerable renown before the war with his Ukrainian Cossack chorus , which wonmany competi t ions under h is baton.

"A DISTINGUISHED PIECE O FW O R K "

says D r. Raymo nd Leslie Bueli ,scholar, h is tor ian, author, about

A H I S TO RYof

U K R A I N EBy MICHAEL HRUSHEVSKT

Edited byO. J. FREDERDKSEN

Preface byGEORGE VERNADSKY

PRICE $4.00

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8/14/2019 The Ukrainian Weekly 1946-22

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UKRA INIAN WE EKLY , SATURDAY, JU NE 1 , 1946 . N o . 20

N o t r o i a ^ i M l m o r i t i e s i m . t f e U . f c S . ^A D D R E SS D E L I V E R E D # < A M A SS M E E T I N G I N > M A SSE "* H A L L,

TORONTO, ONT, MARCH 31 , 1946

-?y P ROF . WATSON KIRK CONN ELL, M.A., PHJD.,McMaster Univers i ty

commi t t ee tha t i nv i ted -me to* m en t s has been wiped ou t , i n v io la -speak here th is af ternoon s ug -! and pocket watches to f ie ld cropsI t ion of their const i tu t ions and that

gested th at I deal with some aspect,; and all the rafchineiy.pf all th e fac- of th e U.S.S A., com es to the S ovietof Soviet Russia . I gathered th at i t tor ies . A nd so , whe n the Com mun ist ,was their desire tha t I should no t or h is b ig-hear ted- dupe, rh apsodiz esspeak wholly about the Ukra inians , | over the racia l harm ony and eq ual i tybut should ra the r anlyze some gen-j of th e Soviet syste m, w e shal l do wel l j province* -of Canad a^were^ destroy ederal aspect of Soviet ru le th at wo uid j to cross-examine the gl ib witnes s . " "perh aps th row signif icant l ight on thej As far back as the beg innings ofUkra in ian p rob lem. Wi th ' t h i s in| t he U.S.S.R, a f r a t e rna l po l i cy be -view, I have chosen to challenge onej tween a l l nat ional i t ies was wri t teno f the l ea st ques t ioned o f a l l t he Red* to the : ve ry bas i s o f the new s t a t e .my ths , the my th of in ter-racia l good- T hus in Section I of the Co nst i tu t ionwill in the U.S.S.R.

One of the m ost g l i t ter ing bai tson the Communis t sucke r rhook hasbeen the legend of racia l to lera t ionin the Sov ie t Un ion . Prop agand i s t snever t i re of point ing out the magni-

of July 6 , 1923, we- read .. "The a tt em p ts -o f th e cap i t a l i s t wor ld ove r

| a n um ber of decades to se t t le thequest ion of nat ion al i ty b y the combinat ion of the f ree development ofpeoples with the system of the ex-

ficent example provided to a racial- Ploi ta t ion of man by man have provedly embit tered world by the bond of; f rui t less . . . The bourgeois ie has beenuniversal goodwil l tha t holds a l l ^ca pa ble of organiz ing the col labora-

gors kj .and in the oi l region of Gro3- . ., ', .

"When the Red Army reoccupiedthese , regions, N.K.VJX troops camein i t s wake to me te ou t pun i shmen t .They ra ided towns and vi l lages andcarr ied out wholesale arres ts of thepopu la t ion . Young men and womenwere sent to labor camp s, and th erest of the populace was deported toSiber ia . I t is reported tha t in thewhole of Russia , several mil l ion persons were thus dr iven away fromthe i r homes and t r ansp lan ted f romEurope to the Arc t i c Nor th ."

I t is obvious f rom th ese s tar t l in gevents? th at C omm unist Russia ,p reach ing in t e r-na t iona l i ty goodwi l lbu t ru l ing by murde r and t e r ro r, ha s .u t te r ly fa i led to solve the n at ion al i typ rob lem. N a t iona l mino r i t i e s th a twere incorporated in to Russia 100 to200 yea r s ago , and bad .neve r b e fo reshown < an y v sepa ra t i s t t endenc ie s ,have been goaded by Communis t

York ; a l though the re had been ^ b ru ta l i ty in to a despe ra te pa roxysmear l i e r r epo r t by John Pa rke r, a | o f ahena t ion . R uss ia i s a c tua l ly. th eBri t ish M.P., in the ManchesterGuard ian for March 2 3, 1945.

pub l i c th rough the 1946 e l ec to ra l

l is ts** In ter m s of terr i tory and po pulat ion, i t i s as i f the three Mari t ime

by the Fede ra l Gove rnmen t and the i rwhole populat ion shipped in to s lavelabo r in t he Yu kon , a l l wi thou t aword of the perfprmance being pr inted in the press of the res t of Canada.

The ful l s tory of what actual lyhappened is g iven by Boris L Nice*laevsky in the February 16, 1946;edi t ion of the New Leader, New

on ly coun t ry in Wor ld War I I t h a thas had se r ious t roub le wi th i t s r a -

rnu * 4- r * u c i a l minor i t i e s . Indeed , .a t a v i c to ryr ? ? 1 v t p b e celebrat ion in the Kremlin on May!S S S S T ^ J ^ ! M r f ^ J * W . S ta lin sa id qu ite frank ly .

races and nat ional i t ies of the Soviet ^o n

oo f

Pf>Ple s

;0 n

^i n

ut h e

camp-o f p u b Uc, whose 400,000 c i t izens , af ter t h a t d u rj ^ ^ ^ f i r s t v ea r ofUnion in a united fellowship of per-; the Soviets only under the condi t ionsa b lood-pu rge o f the i r l e ade r s , we r e f t h T s i t u S i o nfeet sympathy. I t not racia l to lera-j o f t he d ie t a to r sh rp o f the .p ro le t a r i a t ,| a l l deporte d to No rthe rn S iber ia | ^ ^ S n o t b ^ a ll tte C llion , like free speech and a free pr ess, muster ing around i tse lf the major i ty Augus t , 1941 . The o the r fou r au to - !l e 8 o f t h e U S ' S R Zt o n l y b f t h egua ran teed by the Sov ie t Cons ti tu -1 th ep op u ^ ^ ^ ^ w e r e d e a t r o p ^t i o n - a n d w h a t m o r e c ou ld o ne a s k ? :s ! b l e to destroy nat ional oppress ion a tThe nat ional i t ies , moreover, are as-j ^ roots , to es tabl ish an a tm osph eresured of fu l l r ights of se lf -determina-!o f m u t u a l confidence, and to lay thet ion, and may even secede from the\\ found at ions of the broth er ly col-U.S.S.R. if th ey so. desire . At th ej laborat ion of peoples ,mil le niar s ight , hun dred s of Canadian , Soviet e loquence m 1946 con t inuesorat ors , including scores of wel l - to extol to the US.S.R. as the onlymean ing c l e rgymen and p ro fe s s iona l f0""^ tha t has d iscovered the idealideal is ts , chant the pra ises of Ru s- | Leninis t -Sta l in is t forms of in ter-s i a -w h i ch , they now say, may ber a c i a l and mter -nat io nal i ty co-opera-ruthless in some respects , but must * and hence has not suffered frombe fund amen tal ly good because i t is the / inner confl icts th at cor rup t the

they had bee* occupied by the Cter- ,U > S < S J L. ^ Wash ing ton , Ju nemans and then re-occupied by the5 5 ) T f a a t 8 t a te m e n t t u r n s t h eRussians . In each area , b i t ter ant i - ,a t e p P o l y a n i j a v e r s i o n toto & ,Com mu nist feeling had flamed out , **and in some of them large-scale up- The Cruel Case of the Jew srisings had tak en place behin d the . , ., .Sovie t l ines . Concerning the Crimean An othe r s t r ik ing examplerpf SovietRepub l i c , t he r epo r t i n the N e w iC ^ e l t y ^ r ^ e a c h i n x f

l t e eT

l ft

h e 8 i n t h eLeade r had th i s to s ay : , ca se o f the Jews . Now I kn ow r th a t

j the re a re some Jews who rhapsod izeWh at Happen ed in Crimea lover the a l leged racia l equal i ty in

u e l u i m . u u c u t t t l lv Ruuu uc ,aU o C , - "An upris ing occurred in Crim ea!R " s s i 1

a : b u* the re a re o the r J ewsnot eui l t v of in ter-racia l in toleran ce bourgeois world ." "Friendsh ip amo ng in the Autu mn of 1941. The rebels , who know bet te r. Th us Hans Kohn ,- l i k e C a n a d a . t h e ^0^ 8 o f the Soviet Union,"j were for the most par t CrimeanTa r - 1 m ? 1 8 b o o k ' Nat ional ism in the Soviet

says Molotov, "became even more tars , who ass is ted German p a r a - j U n * o n ( !933 ) , ha s th i s to s ay :Arsen ic -in Cake I c ing so lid du r ing the war yea r s . Our mu l - chu t i s t s ; bu t o the r g ro up s . . . a l so ! "T n e a ims a t c r ea t ing a

In my br ief address th is af terno on, ' t i -nat ional s ta te , with i ts v ar ie ty ofI par t ic ipa ted in the revol ts . The Ru- Communis t J ewish peop le wi th in the1 wan t to examine the evidence a langu ages, customs, cul tu re and his-j man ian command , in whose hand s Soviet Union, ju s t a s i t a ims a tl i t t le more careful ly ; for in th is in-t o r > \ & r e w e v e n m o r e unified than was vested the c ivi l adm inis t ra t io n ofj creat ing, a Communist German peo*stance as in a l l Comm unist p ropa- before , and the Soviet peoples drew| Crimea, formed a Ta r ta r counci l , Ple - b u t *"** n o cu l tu ra l associa t ion.gan da ' c l a i ms the re i s a r sen ic in thee v e n c l o s e r t o one ano the r." Or one ! wh ich soon a s sumed cons ide rab le i m - ^ t h tha t wh ich , in the cou r se o f cen -cake ic ing When th e Soviets c la im mig ht quote Izvest ia i "Fro m the sum-] por ta nce. This counci l addressed t o lt u n e s o f development , has become,to have solved the unemployment-m i t o f o u r glor ious vic tor ies , th e; the Rum anian au tho ri t ies a req uest G e r m a n o r J e w i s h c u l t u r e . . . T h eproblem i t tur ns ou t that their solu- working people 'of our republ ic , and| fo r permis s ion to ex te rmina te a l l t h ec u l t u r a l nat ion al i ty pol icy of thet ion is to p ut 18 mil lion workers ina l o n S w i t h them aH th e Soviet peo-j Russ ians in the Crimea. Th ey pointed Com munist Pa r ty s ignif iess lave labor camps and to give s tar- Ple - Pe rce ive the g rea t equ i t y. . . o f ou t th a t t he Ta r t a r s had a lwayst o t h e n a t">na l cu l tu re ."vat ion wages to most of the res t , the Leninis t -Sta l in is t policy toward s been oppressed by the Russian s , and\ I t is s ignif icant th at the las t t h in g

d e a t h

our var ious nat ional i t ies . '

Individual Freedom of 16 Teethin Common Jaw

But what was th is Leninis t -Sta l in

ist policy ? I t was one of exterminat-w o r k e r s - a l t h o u g h a ll w o r k e r s c on - > Si n e a c h nat ional group a l l i ts o ldt r ibu te to the cos t t h roug h a un ive r- bou rgeo i s and in t e ll ec tua l R ea d e r s -sal check-off kn own as a "soci. llized ev eryon e who could conceivably q uah -wake ." When the Communis t p reach - '& J* a nat iona l Who s Who -e s economic equa l i ty, " f rom each ac - ' .^d o f replacing them with a newcording to his abi l i ty to each accord- , Com mu nist .e l i te th at was w holly de

When the Soviets c la im to . have provided res t homes, f ree hospi ta l ization, sick benefits and holidays withpay, i t turns out tha t these are rese rved fo r Communis t Pa r ty membersand a small min ori ty of "high pressu re

tha t th i s opp re s s ion wou ld con t inue tha t even Communis t J ews anyw hereunless they got r id of the Russians .! desire is to mig rate to Soviet Russia .The Ruman ian command refused th i s On the co n t r a ry, l a rge num bers o fpecul iar request , bu t d id not in ter-1 them app ear to be anxiou s to leavefere when the Ta rta rs began to put the country . Why thi s should be so

their p lan in to pract ice by their ownj is made c lear by a book by Gregorymeans . The mass s l augh te r l a s t ed Aronson . The Jewish Prob lem infor several days and 70,000 to 120,- Soviet Russia (1944) , summarized by000 persons are sa id to have fa l len! Claire Boothe Luce before the Ho usevic t ims. |of Repre senta t iv es , July 6 , 1945 :

"Many Ta r t a r s a s we ll a s mos t : "The changes b rough t abou t byGreeks and Karai tes , lef t Crimea be- the Bolshevik iRevo lut ion in the so-

ing to his need," i t tur ns out tha tj v o t e d. to the dic ta to r Sta l in . I t was ;f ore the Russian s re-entered i t . But c ia l and economic s t ruct ure of Rus -he means mi l l iona i r e pa r ty l eade r s , !a 01 of encourag ing local Ian- , the bulk of the Ta rta r populat ion in s ian Jew ry were p rofound a nd de-highly paid shock-br igaders , and a u a g e s b u t o f ru th le s s ly supp res s ingj the v i l lages r ema ined , and was t aken vas ta t ing . . . Approx ima te ly 50 pe rfamished rank an d file, a syste m a 11 r e a l nat ional cu l ture . A unif ied to task by the re insta ted N.K.V.D.j cent of the Jews who, before thewhose arm y counte rpar t sees Soviet Commun ist P ar ty for th e U.S.S.R., : Execu t ions were rare , s ince man - , Revolut ion, had engaged in t rad e orl ieuten ants g et t ing 100 t imes the paya s i n S l e R e d . ^ m y , a n d a m onihth ic ; power was badly needed, but the en-; in the profess ions , . were physical lyof a pr ivate . When the Soviets c laim pol i t ica l pol ice force left the indi-1 t i re Tar tar populat ion was arres te d; exterm inated . Par t ia l ly, th is exter-to have defeated Hit ler through thes

v i d u a l . Sovie t republ ics with as much a n ( j the gre at majo r i ty were de- ' minat ion was direct and violent ; par-dynamic power of Communist con-r e a l individual f reedom as s ix teen ported to the Narym region in Siber ia . , t ia l ly, i t was by the means made fam-.vic t ion. they real ly mean that they teeth se t in a common jaw. As a resul t , out of1,127,000 pe r sons t o t h e w h o le w o rl d in G e r m a nwere so near ly d efeated by an enemyI What has been the success of the who had lived in the Crimea beforej s lave campsthe control of wages

with less than one-half the ir mil i tary; syst em ? The l is t of e lectora l d is t r ic ts the war, there remained only 200,000j and of .food and the forc ing of labors t r eng th tha t i n p l ace o f bank rup t| publ ished on th e occasion of t h er e - In the beginning of 1945, the republ ic| to a point which prevented thos eCommunist appeal they had to revivej cent so-cal led "e lect ions" to the Su-the s logans of Russian nat ion al ism; preme Soviet of the U.S.S.R. g ives usand the Chris t ian re l ig ion in order to a s tar t l ing answer. During the pastinspire their people to res is t . W hen ;t iv e years , f ive "auto nom ous " SovietSta l in arrog ant ly c la ims to have won republ ics have been wiped off the mapthe war s ingle-handed, i t means th at , by M oscow and tha t in spi te of a l lhe del iberate ly supp resses , for h is their const i tu t ion al gu aran tees ofpeople, the f act of the free gift of freedom and ind epend ence. The fivesix bi l lion dol lars wo rth of war sup- m iss ing s ta t es are the Kalmu k S ovietpl ies f rom Bri ta in , Canada, and the Republic , the Crimean Soviet Repub-United Sta tes , not to mention ou rj He, the Vo lga-German Soviet Repu b-six years of bitter fighting on thej l ie , the Checheno-Ingush Republic ,seven seas and a dozen mil i taryj and the autonomous nat ional regionfronts . When the Soviets c la im to; of Karach ayev. The abol it ion of the

was l i tera l ly a no-m an 's land. Gar-j mark ed for l iquidat ion from obtain ingdens, v ineyards an d f ields were aban- enough food for th eir bodies . . . Like-doned and unfi l led , and the tow ns! wise the cost of survival included thebecame depo pulated. Crimea ceased, aband onm ent by Jews of their moralto be a republic and became a dis-j pr inciples , their re l ig ious bel iefs andtr ic t of the Russian Soviet Republic , pract ice . I t w as forbidden to teach

"What happened in the Crimea, re-j the tenets of Judaism to Jewishc u r re d in s o m e N o r t h C a u ca - yo ut h . . . One of the most infor-

hav e " l ibera ted" a dozen fr iendlycoun t r i e s , i t t u r ns ou t tha t t heymean murde r ing and ens lav ing thepopu lat ion and carr yin g off to Russ ia the censorsh ip th at t he f irs t not iceeverytnlf ig~ va lue f rom unde rwea r

Volga-German Republic was br ief lymentioned in the Soviet press in Augus t , 1941 , bu t so abso lu te has been

tha t fou r o the r au tonomous gbve rn -

s ian republ ics , thou gh the s upp ortlent by the populat ion to the ant i -Soviet riots varied from one republicto ano the r. T he l a rges t among theseriots seem s to hav e taken place inOrdjonikidze. I t was suppressed byN.K.V.D. t roops under the personaldirect ion of Kaganovich, the represen ta t ive o f the Po l i tbu ro a t t heNor th Caucas ian f ron t . Simi la r movemen t s occu r red a l so in Pa lch ik , Pia t i -

ma t ive chap te r o f Mr. Aronson ' sbook deals with the 'AutonomousJewish Republic of Birobidzhan, ' thecolony at the far end of Siberia onthe banks of the Amu r River. Sovietofficial figures ar e quo ted to sh owth at of the 37,200 Jews who ha dset t led the re before 1938, less tha n.18 ,000 r ema in today . .On ly abou t 30 0Jewish famil ies cont inue a precarK'ous ex i s t ence in -a sma l l r iveb towB

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UKRA INIA N WEEKLY, SATURD AY, JUN E 1, 1946. No . 20 M M

WANT ADS

CLASSIFIED DEPARtMENT:BErgev 4-0237 BRyant 9-0582

located in p racticall y every city,\ town and village, millions of Ameri

cans and Canadians in all walks oflife meet through ties of fellowship,

fraternity and thrift."The lodge and its procedure are

PHIJLLY U.N.A. FIVE SEASON RECORDV A R S I T Y

1S45-46

Date

--

Housekeeper- MADISON-HOTEL

15 East- 58th St., fl. Y.

Youth and the U.N.A.

\ designed to bring members togeth er j 11.j_3.945I more clos ely in the bonds of bro- ^ _1Q,* therly love; to impress upon thejn }i-26

the value, dignit y and purpose of, __>9I-human. life ; to enable th em to pra c- (1 2- 3I tic e ^effectively th e virt ues of/ciha rity; ^2-6' and benev olenc e; and otherwise< to j 12-IO! aid and encourage th em in preserv- 12-13; ing and' developin g- the bes t tracH- j 12-17tions of citizenship under the finest 12-18

"More Than Just Protection"

The Ukrainian National Association, Inc., is a member society of theNational Fraternal Oongress ofAmerica. Not long ago, the N. F.C A.sponsored a booklet entitled "Fraternal Insurance^Protection in ! America,"which is both interesting and infor-

-mative. ' Every U .N.A. member who-Wants to know more about fr aternal

insurance protection, ' . lodge system, the growth of fraternal insur-

-ance and its stability and safety, what-featur es and provisions are con

tained in fraternal insurance certificates, an d th e like,- sh oul d have acopy of thi s valuable bookl et A

-Bmited number are available at theU^NAi offices, 83 Grand St., JerseyCity 3, N. J., or one . may send tothe N.F. CA. for a cop y. r. 35 E.Wacker Drive, Chicago, 111.

What is the National- FraternalCongress of America ? "At Washing-ton, D. C, on Novem ber 17,- 1886,16 fraternal insurance societies with

'combined membership of 535,000 andprotection amounting to about $1,-

200,00 0,000 organized the National1 Fraterna l Congress. This forward- st ep was taken in recognition of the

need for state regulation of fraternal insurance societies and a desireon th e part of early fraternal insurance leaders for uniform legislation.

. "Since its organization in 1886, theN. F. CA . ha s developed into one ofthe most useful and important trade

-associa tions in America. Today itembod ies 103 legal reserve fraternal

- benefit societi es with a total member-shop of more than 6,000,000 men, woman and children... wit htotal assets ofover $1,300,000,000. This constitutes8 0 % of the fraternal benefit syst emin the ^United St ates and Canada.Ranging in membership from 3,543for the smal lest member societ y to

410,547 for the largest, member socie ties have operated continuously foran a verage of 51 years." (T he U. N.A.has 46,000 members and is in its63rd year).

"Here in the N.F.CA., 21 nationality groupsblood relatives of everyfaction in Europe work togethe rharmoniously in fraternal union forthe best interest of the fraternalbenefit system.

"Since its organization in 1886,th e N. F.C A. has done great andnec ess ary work along many lines. Aprincipal objective has been to keep-the fraternal highway free of majorobstacles.

"Among its far reaching achieveme nt s have been successful opposi

tion to harmful legislative proposals,-furtherance of constructive legislation and the adoption of uniformla ws governing fraternal insurancesocieties by the several States. It hasToeen a key factor in the transformation of fraternal insurance societiest o the present day adequate ra tesand the legal reserve basis of operat ion ."

The booklet stresses that fraternal-insurance is more than just protec- . "FYom the very nature of itsorganization it is obvious that fraternal insurance means much morerthan cash benefits or a method offinancial security for members and*heir beneficiaries, important as thesefenaterial benefits are.}_ "In. approx imatel y 100,00 0 lodges

form of government on earth. j 12-27"The principles taugh t and prac-j 1-3-1943

ticed in the lodges hav e resulted in ^.^4great public good down throu gh the 1^7years, and the land is dotted with i_2 imagnificent hospitals, homes and in- 1.24stitu tions that are visible monume nts ^.23to the charity, benevolence and en- i_2gterprise of wor thy men and wom en ^-31banded toget her in a common cause. 2-4

"A recent survey disclosed about 2-7450 different typ es of lodge activiti es 2-10that -ma y be grouped in at least nine] 2-14classifications, as foll ows: civic and' 2-17patriotic, educational, general enter -! 2-18tain ment , musica l, ritualistic, spo rts 3-3and athletics,- welf are and miscel- 3-4laneous. 3-7

"Modern fraternal insurance is j 3-7truly part charity, part business, but; 3-10all common sense, and millions of men! 3-11and women have found a wa y t o; 3-14mak e li fe finer and more secu re! 3-17

"through it." j 3-18Regarding fraternal insurance,

Louis H. Pink, Superintendent of Insurance, Sta te of N ew York.' 1927 to1943, had this to say f 'T he fraternalInsurance societies are above all, implements of democracy and an effective force for promoting democraticideals and the rights and happi ness Dat eof the forgottenmen.' You can hard- -22-1945ly belong to a fraternal organization -26

and not be ardently for all of the 12-13human rights guaranteed by the Con- 12- 17stituti on of t his country and by th e! 12-17Bill of Right s and cus toms in other! 12-20

Team

U N AU N AU N AU N AU N AU N AU N A

U N AU N AU N AU N AU N AU N AU N AU N AU N AU N AU N AU N AU N AU N A

' *

4JNAU NAU NAU N AU N AUN AUN A

4L7NAU N AU NAU N A

UN A

TOTALS

- Won-

Score29473345368962

475543274374524455

"* 4848

' 5 0- 4 9

6635

Eve rysquirrel we hits nowadays is nailedfast to the tree."

The hanimer&earer sobs bitterly.

"Then, strange r," he continue s"that big so-an'-so"pointing- to

j

his brother, "makes me climb up the^Stree and pry the crit ter loose wi th jthis here hamme r!" {

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-V

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UKRAINIAN WEE KLY, SATURDAY, JU NE 1, 1946. No. 20

Memorandum Submitted to Mrs. EleanorRoosevelt by Ukrainian Emigrant

Women Association

To Pilates Who Wash Their HandsAN APPEAL BY UKRAINIAN REFUG EES

Madam,In the name of the Association of

Ukrainian Women in Emigration wehave the pleasure to send you oursincere thanks and express our admiratio n for y our courageous defence of rights of political war refugees.

With a feeling of great satisfactionwe have learned of you-being appointed as the representative of U.S. A to the UNO. We have been fobjlowing with greate st attentio n your

! activities in London as fa r as ourlimited means and lack of own presshave permitted us/ But even these incomplete informations which have reached us in

' $ 2 have proved expressly that you, preserving the greatmoral her i tage of the la te President.FranklM*. Rooseve lt, ar e furth er , ' >ricbing it by your splendid feminineintuition and real sense of justice.Protecting the r ights of emigrants ,you have taken simultaneously underyour protection a lso us, Ukrainians." Our emigration amounts to about

300,000 refugees who are politicalemigrants . Am ong them there arepeople of various social position andrank, great number of women withchildren who carry the burden ofpreserving the family, also manysingle young gir ls and orphans.

The Ukrainian women had to leave: with a broken h ear t their h om es in

order to escape political and religiouspersec ution. We are.isure you. unde r-.

' Stand, Madam, tha t if a w oman de-

sides to leave her -native place andescapes with her little ones into thewide w orld' witho ut definitely knowing where to, losing often on her wayhard earned belongings, sometimes ahusband or children, she is doingthat only because she knows definitely that there is no other way out.And if today, a forced repatriationcompels hundreds of refugees to com-!mit suicide, it is q uite evident' tha t

THORN IN THE FOOT(Continued from page 3)

Just two weeks ago, while descend

ing the Cheremosb on a raft, I hada very strange experience near Yase-niw. Right at the spot whe re fortyyears ago the boy sfid off my raftinto the w ate r, . I suddenly saw aboy's snow-white hand emerge out ofthe dirty-yellowish flood waters andthen quickly disappear. . With popping eyes, my body covered with coldsweat, I s tared a t the s p o t. . . andlook! the arm again appeared , likelightning out of a cloud, and withconvulsive movements like that of adrowning persons sought to griphold hold of something. Once, twiceand the th ird time it thus flashedout, and sank each" time. Finally itappe ared once more an d this timeseized hold of the rudder. I distinctly felt the rudder jerk within my grip,and then the hand slowly slid off itsslippery surface and disappeared fromsight in the w ater. .1 stood . like onemade of stone. This jerk of thehand , on the ru dde r ha d seemed tojolt my very soul, and yet I felt noemotion, no fright or sorrow . Dazed,I mechanically s teered, the raft. Andnot until we reached- Vizhnitsya andI stepped ashore did I regain mysenses. Somehow I felt certain thenth at this was my last t r ip on theCheremosh, that the boy was callingme to him.

And now he appears before me inmy dreams every night, smiling sadly a nd not Saying a word, but ju stpointing down the river with hisSnojir-white arm. And I guess th atis wh y I c ann ot;'die; for his soul is.s t i l l ~* pv A still .refuses to letmy soul have peace . .. "

(To be concluded)

there must be very earnest reasonsfor such an action.

Does it not strike one how unnaturally sound these words "forced repa- 'triation" ? Where and when was it everthat such great masses of people did

not want to re turn home to thenative cou ntry ? But it is a fac ttha t we have no native country a t lpresent . Our home is turned into onejvast concentration camp of 180 millions submerged people who are deprived of rights' for1 free selection ofwork, for free faith, thou ght -andeven for free feelingwhich it is almost impossible to comprehend forone who never stayed in this country . And th e wo rst of it for* ue,mo thers and wives, was th e o bligation to be hourly and daily a hypoc rite. We were compelled to lie toour children and listen to our husbands, lying to them because of thebroadly developed system of spyingwhich denounced everything, evenfamily; talks, a s counter-revolutionary ac ts punishable as high treaso ncrimes. So we were forced to lookon and se e how the very "souls of ou rchildren were being deprived. W ewere obliged to lie to the m knowingat the same time that by doing so.we were losing the ir sou ls a s welltheir confidence and respect for ourselves.

Besides, we knew th at if our husband or brother would get into theconflict with the terroristic regime,all the relatives and even friendswould 'suffer exile or imprisonm entforsorry to say there still existsa country where not only the personal responsibility, but the commonresponsibility of whole family prevails, this being the real cause forsuch great contemporary politicalemigration;.

Therefore in the name of Ukrainian women we appeal to you, honorable M rs. Roosevelt, know n all overthe world as a defender of all needyand wronged, to use you r gre at influence in order to :

1. Stop forced repatriation , 'i2. Grant us the . r ight of asylum.At p resen t we live in G ermany

where millions of German emigrantsfrom Poland, Czechoslovakia and

Hun gary arr ive or will a r r ive . Therefore it is not surprising that theGerm ans are no t very pleased tosee foreigners her e and would liketo get rid of them/

Accordingly we appeal through youto the women of the free democraticcoun try where we- could be able tobegin to work again. We do not wantto be a bu rden to any one. We areindustrious folk, capable and sound.All we need is to get a ' spot un derthe sun where we can star t a newlife.

The Americans, have had the opportu nity to .see our countrymen w orkand behave in U. S. A. or Canada.Yo u, may inquire about the Ukrainians at UNRRA-offices or at anyMilitary Governm ent in German y;they all will tell you that they aremostly satisfied w ith our people, th atthe Ukrainian camps enjoy the bestreputa tion, that the Ukrainians pay-the greatest attention to educationaland cultural problems, and that assoon as they "come toge ther they;spontaneously begin to organize injtheir camps different schools, kindergar tens, theatres e tc . In our campsone scarcely ever hears of any crimes;on the con trary, the U krainian peopleare fond of work, they establish theirown workshops and co-operative organizations for self- help and socialwelfare. !JS4^< |

Our Association represents theUkrainian women from all three zonesof occupation in Germany and weshould be very glad to have the opportunity to speak to the women representatives of free countries.

With the expression of ou r sin-

We Ukra inian s come from differentcorners of - the vast Ukrainian landwhich stretches from the Kuban riverto the Carpathian mountains. Fromthe Black sea to the Pinsk marshes.

W e, in great numbers and in desperation, left our Motherland, ourfamilies and relatives,- and fled toforeign lands where hardships andpoverty awaited us, to stray endlessly there in suffering and tribulation.

We could not endure any longerjthat torture, that polit ical lawlessness, those spiri tual torments, thatcruel, mad and cynical physical annihilation of Ukrainians, which wereintroduced by a dictatorial regime ofthe occupant of the U krainian lands,beginning in 1920, and which alreadyhas claimed millions of Ukrainiansas . victims.

Some of us were forced to become'slave labor in German y. Yet beinggiven the opp ortunity to re turn toour homeland, where the old regimeof oppression still exists, (which for

a quarter of a century has been suppressing and exterminating everyfree thought, and . having destroyedthe most fundamental human rights,launched a ruthles s policy of assimilation) we decided it would be be tte rto remain abroad rather that to become the subjects of the "protection"of the usurpers' dictatorship.

Thus we have become emigrants,people without a home. There is noone to protect us. We are at th emerc y of the raging waves of life. Weexist here in camps with our wivesand children, with the aged and helpless. There are hundreds of thousands of*us here in Western Germany . Like hunted anim als we havelived for more than a year in mortaldread," in unce rtain ty of wh at th enext day will bring. We are beinghunted, l ike the Negroes once were,

| by slave owne rs. We are beingj searched for, captured and shanghaied. This is done with masterfulcunning, deception and in some instances with the application of brutalforce,, "legally" or illegally, depending on the circumstances.

In such a m anner m any of ourmembers have been seized and sentto the Ea st to certain death. Butthis is not all ; the hunters, perfecting and c hangin g then* meth ods, continue to hunt us down and our numbers grow sm aller and smaller . . .Where i t was impossible to capturethe people, nominal rolls and cardfiles were stolen to be used in seekingout and exterminat ing our re la t iveswho remained behind.

We have nowhere to hide, nowhereto go. We are l ike the sheep whichhave broken from their pens, frightened by a wolf which broke in. Pub-l b opinion in Brita in, the U. S. A.and throughout the world is si lent- 'ly watch ing. It ap pears to be indifferent as to whether the agents ofja despotic regime.in the East willannihilate another useless thousandor hundred thousand Ukrainians or,

not. It is concerned with its ownaffairs, with its own troubles. We donot hold this against them.. .

But We Are Not Sheep!But we are not sheep! We are hu

man beings! We cannot tread without word or opposition to the slaughter house. We are without protection.We are burdened with our wives andchildren. *w

Let the Pilates send us to . de athas in Flensburg, Kempten, Munster,Mannheim, Dachau, as in numerous

cerest grati tude and profoundest

respect. ;; - - -We rem ain, Madam , #;..'>.. '

Ve ry -sincerely y ours ,For the Association of the Ukrainian

Women in Emigra tion':. i^f'Uliana Zelevich, SecretaryIrene Pavlykowska, Head

February, 1946.

other localities and as again onthe ,25th of March, in Hersfeld!

We will die! But tell usbeforethe whole worldfor what?

Tell us by w hat , human Jaws,bywhom and when drafted, a humanbeing is not allowed to flee fromit stormentor, from the despot? Tell usby what law is a victim, who has fled,is to be handed back by force to bekilled in the end? Where are th emost fundamental human rights?

What i s there tha t sustains the belief in eternal t ruth and justice whichhas been law' down as a basis ofhuman relationships? Do we haveto be the animals which are huntedand caught and sacrificed to thebeast in order to satisfy his hungerand pacify .bis ange r?

In handing us over against ,our willto be put to death and without determining our guilt , tell us, so thatwe may hear and th e rest of theworld also, in what w ay a re we, whoare peaceful people and devoted

patriots of our homeland,worse thanthe criminals, who have destroyedmillions of human lives and who arenow being tried in Nuremberg?

These contemptible criminals arebeing tried by a n international courtThis court is public, and these criminals are granted th e right to havecounsels for defence. But we arebeing sentenced, without a trial, todeath in the well-known torturechambers of the N.K.V.D.to a slowdeath which follows such tor ture andagonies as will never even be dreamtof by Ribbentrop and company.

Is this human just ice? * ^If th e Pila tes who are sending us

to our death consider us criminalswe. ask that we a t least be givensame favour asRibbentrop and company have. We wan t nothing moreGive us a tr ia l . Not a trial of a wolfover a lamb, but a real an d fa&^trial by an international (orBritishand/or American) ourt of just iehere on the spot so that everyonemay hear why wehave fled and whywe are here , andw hy we do not wishto go back to our homes. Perhapsthen it will be clearer a s to whoshould be under tr ia l : th eslave whofled from h is mas te r or whether th eslave ownerand tormentor fromthefled.

If "the Pilates cannot be botheredwith us or if it is inconvenient forthem to risk t he disp leasures, of thEas te rn bear which is after our flesh,we ask for at least this humane concession: do not keep us, our.womenand our children, in the state ofeternal -terror; do not goto thetrouble of sendingus to the East, Jbu t swiftly, avoiding suffering andpain, poison us immediately. Suchafavor was done to tho se dying of

, hunger on the roadways an d streets -in Ukraine in 1932-1933.

These people,unable to move anymore , were collected very earlyin th e morning by trucks, and "humane"

messengers of the executionerin-. jected mo rphine into the ir veins.We: assure you that if you were todoth e same with us yo u would show,

' m o r e humanitar ianismthan by wash-! ing your h and s of.us as Pontius Pi-; la te and handing us over to ourmerciless and unsc rupu lous politicalopponents.

The Ukrainian nation for times',[e ternal will remember, tha t to thegraves of seven million of its sonsand daughters, cynically destroyedby a famine artificiallycreated by

' the dictator in 1932-1933; to themills lions of graves of Ukrainians whodied in the period between1939-946'| in var ious manners and.in all cornersof our unfo rtunate coun try as a-re-[stilt of the enemy's reign of terror I(i t is impossibleto estimate the number of victims but *fc*-runs ^hone); to these hundreds of thousands who havedied already and:are Idyujg in our homeland in open, noble he ro ic gue r r il la war aga ins tthe

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No. 20 UKRAINIAN WEEK LY, SATURDAY, JUN E 1, 1946. 5

British Press Reports on Synod of Ukrainian Orthodox ChurchUnderground | Against Persecution of Ukrainian Catholic

: FIGHTING WITH U KRANIAN SCONTINUES

The Whitehall News May 3, 1946

A few weeks ago, we published anarticle in which it was stated thatthe fighting which is still continuing

in what isBOW South-Eastern Poland,is a kind of popular rising of Ukrainians driven to despair by the Warsaw policy of forcibly "re pa tria ting "them to the Soviet Union. This conclusion was reached on the evidenceof agreements made between Warsaw and Moscow, and of some indiscretions characteristic of anyhighly-controlled news service-committed by a Warsaw broadcaster. Wedid not, however, have to wait longfor confirmation of our theory in aneyewitnesses' account.

Homer Bigart, an American Correspondent, rep orte d the followingto the New York Herald Tribune of18th April from Sanok in South-Eastern Poland: "A revolt by Uk-

I rainian Nationalists a gainst the Polish Government programme of repatriation is gaining strength in theGalician counties bordering the So-

I viet frontier. Sev eral villages hav ebeen burned, and the countryside terrorized by Ukrainian bands in swiftnight raids from the forested slopesof the Carpathians."

After describing a few futile attempts to quell the rising, Bigartquotes the Depu ty G overno r of Rze-szow (situated in the same region)as saying: "These bands claim that

I this territory belongs unjustly to Po-f land. By terrorizin g th e p opulation ,

Fithey seek to prevent further repa-triation. They wan t a n ' independent| Ukraineindependent from both Rus

sia and Poland".Bigart ends by summarising some

other statements of ttje Deputy Gov-ernor, who "doubted th at the insurgents bad any outside backing, andsaid there was meagre evidence ofany liason between the Ukrainianand the NSZ, (u ndergrou nd HomeArmy), whose continued resistanceto the Governm ent is all too obvious

I in the crackle of rifle fire one hears* Sightly in t he str ee ts of Wa rsaw .

Thus the attempt of the WarsawGovernment to kill two birds with

I one stone to "rep atria te"- its owncitizens to the labo ur-star ved Soviet

? Union under the cover of fighting"fascists and reactionary groups"

Bailed ,A report published hi a weekly

publication of the Warsaw Embassyl in London would s ugg est th at some-!; thing very similar is going on in

North-Eastern Poland, from where!f Polish citizens of W hite R us sian na

tionality are being returned by the'same means to the White RussianSoviet Socialist Republic.

The Warsaw Re patria tion Missionin Franfurt ma kes no secret of itstreatment of Ukrainians from beyondthe Curzon L ine as So viet citizens,

The Ukrainians from this side of t heline may return to Poland only as astage in thei r enforced jour ney towithin the frontie rs of P olan d'smighty neighbor. Ev en Poles fromthe territories ceded to R ussia, wh odo not volun tarily retu rn, are tobe proclaimed Soviet citizens, as was

I menacingly stated by the Warsaw'Repatriation Mission.

dictator-occupant; to . all th ose millions of graves of " tra ito rs" aga insta handful of dictator s and usu rpe rs another few hundred thousandgraves of its defenceless refugeessons and daughters were added anadditional sacrifice at the altar of

freedom.So, we are "ready to ascend ourGolgotha!'

(Signed by 14 prominent Ukrainian refugees on behalf of the Uk -

i rainian scientists, write rs and peda -- gogues).

Hannover, April 3rd, 1946..-U..-;^A

" T H E U K R A I N E "The Weekly Review, London April 25,

1946' " ' ' 'When the Nazis were driven outand the Soviet armies applied thesame ruthless methods of subjectionthe Ukrainian Insurgent Army turnedits weapons against this new enslaver.

This heroic yet uneven struggle forthe liberation of the Ukraine fromthe Russian Communist yoke is stillbeing fought. The Ukrainian Iusur-gent Army has entered upon itsfifth year of war.

Yet this heroic struggle of theUkrainian nation against overwhelming odds is little known to the Western Wo rld. It was not in the interests of either Nazi Germany norSoviet Russia to let the Western powers know tha t they w ere meeting with

armed resistance of those whom theyclaimed to be "liberating."

"POLISH FRONTIER SKIRMISHES"BANDS TRY TO ENTER CZECHO

SLOVAKIA

The Times, London, April 29, 1946

Prague, April 28.

"The following official announcement has been issued here:"Severalsmall bands of the so-called Ukrainian"Bendero" army have tried to penetrate Czechoslovak territory in eastern Slovakia. Czechoslovak army andpolice units have thrown these terrorists back over th e frontier, an d

their last remnants will be destroyedin' the immediate future.The report confirms that an ex

tremely serious situation has arisenon the north-east frontier of Czechoslovakia, where the CzechoslovakGov ernmen t is faced w ith the complete breakdown of the authority ofthe Polish Government over a widearea westwards from the Curzon Line.The result is that the roving bands ofWhite partisan s who are operatingin this area are continually seeking tocross and recross the Czechoslovakfrontier. Because of the na tur e ofthe ground in the Carpathians it isvery hard to stop them; in fact, sogreat are the difficulties that a curfew has been imposed from the region of the Dukla Pass southwardsto Humenne.

Reports of partisan activity in Polish Galicia have been current herefor some time, and your Correspon-ent decided to spend Easter tryingto investigate them . He found t ha tfor once the rumor was less grave

I tha n th e trut h. There are no longerany Polish guards along this part ofthe frontier and the writ of the Polish Government has ceased to run toan unknown depth over the wholeregion.

Local report on the Czechoslovakside of the frontier says that the"Benderovci," as the partisans arecalled, began large-scale operationsduring the last week in March. Th atthe scale is increasing rather thandiminishing ca n be inferred from thefact that the Czechoslovak Government did not consider it necessaryto impose the curfew until last week.It came into force at Medzi-Laborceon Easter day.

So far the fighting has almost allbeen on the Polish side of the frontier, but one or two clashes have occurred on Slovak soil, in the courseof which there have been a numberof casualties on the Czechoslovak sideand some "Benderovci" have been

taken prisoner."

JOIN SVOBODA'S MARCH OF$100 BILLS

F O BUKRAINIAN WAR RELIEF

**& SEN1HHP-NOW!

On Mar ch 16-17, 1946, a S ynod wa sheld of the Hierarchy of file Ukrainian Autocephalic Orthodox Church inexile, presided over by the Head ofthe Church, Hie Gra ce MetropolitePol ikarp.

The Synod was held in G ermanyin Ess l ingen a /N (Wurtenm berg-Baden). Two of the resolutions passedby the Holy Synod are quoted below,tra nsl ate d into En glis h: .--

1. The Holy Synod of Hierarchy ofthe Ukrainian Autocephalic OrthodoxChurch appeals to all free ChristianChurches :

Six years of struggle in defense ofa just and and democratic way oflife, in accordance with the Christianteachings, have not brought the desired result s to the world. Millionsof human sacrifices and all the bloodshed betw een 1939-1946 have no t. onlyfailed to save the world from theimmediate danger of destruction of

Christian civilization, but, on the contrary, have s t rengthened the centresof militant godlessness and destructive materialistic philosophy. ]&,'

Ever more audacious challenges arethrown by Communism into the faceof Christian civilization. Godlessness is rapidly mobilizing lowly elements of the whole world for a finalstruggle with Christian ity. Unde rsuch circumstances, the role ofChrist 's Church, which today is themain objective of Com munists a ttacks, assumes a specially great importance. The deciding factor in thisstrug gle will bew hether Chr istianChurches of all free people and nations will find it possible to co-ordin

ate t hei r forces in the defence ofChris t 's Truth on ea rth/

Bearing the im portance of th is inmind, the Holy Synod of the Hierarchy of the Ukrainian AutocephalicOrthodox- Chur ch, which embodiesthe everlasting will and aspirationsfor freedom of the suffering 'Ukrainia n race,; th e race which for the lasttwenty five years has laid on thealtar of struggle for Christian ideals

[the biggest sacrificethe lives ofI thousands of its best sons and daughters, appeals to all free Christian churches of the world for unitedaction in the defence of the greatestt r e a s u r e of h um a ni ty C hr is t' s

Church and Christian culture andcivilization."2. In connection with the persecu

tion and forcible conversion of Ukrainian Greek-Catholics (Uniats) carried out by Russian State Orthodoxyin Western Ukraine, the Holy Synodof Archbishops declares:

"The Holy Synod of the Hierarchyof the U krainian -Autocephalic Orthodox Church ha s learnt with sorrow that in Western Ukraine, nowoccupied by Russian forces, ruthlessconversion of Ukrainian Greek-Catholics to the Russian state controlledOrthodox Church is being carried out.

The Holy Orthodox UniversalChurch does not approve of con verting people by force to one or otherChristian confession, because ourLord. Jesus Christ Himself never usedforce but rather called followers toHis fold. The Holy Synod of theHierarchy of the Ukrainian Autocephalic Orthodox Church emphatically, denounces th ese un-Christianmethods employed by the RussianChurch, which has ftp. goal politicalaims and ultimate denationalizationof Ukrainians.

l a ' this time of gre at trials andsufferings for the Ukrainian GreekjCatholics, the Holy Synod of theHierarchy of the .Ukrainian Autoce-jphalic Orthodox Church extends to

them its brotherly, sincere and heart-Jfelt sympathy, and turns to AlmightyGod with ardent prayers that He]migh t termin ate t ha t. suffering and