The Tourism Industry/Economy

Overview of Sea Grant and Coastal Tourism/Recreation

Sea Grant Role in Coastal Tourism

Sustainable Coastal Tourism Roundtable

Coastal Tourism Challenges and Opportunities for Sea Grant

Travel and Tourism Industry (Direct effect of travel demand) Accommodations, Recreation, Transportation, Entertainment

Source: Global Insight, 2007

Travel and Tourism Economy (Flow-through effect of travel demand across the economy – Indirect effect) Aircraft Manufacturing, Chemicals, Computers, Concrete, Financial Services, Food & Beverages, Furniture, Laundry Services, Oil & Gas Suppliers, Printing/Publishing, Rental Cars, Resort Development, Sanitation Services, Security, Ship Building, Textiles, Utilities, Wholesalers

Positive Benefits

  Economic – jobs, small businesses (rural communities) tax revenues

  Social – Improvements to infrastructure, new amenities, preservation of traditional customs, civic pride

  Environmental – nature and ecotourism promote conservation

Negative Effects

  Economic – Public funds support infrastructure improvements, jobs seasonal and often underpaid, money generated often doesn’t stay in local community

  Social – Visitor behavior can have detrimental affect on quality of life in communities, crowding/congestion, increased crime, erosion of traditional cultures/values

  Environmental – can pose a threat to natural resources, increased pollution

Northeast  54,500,000 

Gulf of Mexico 20,800,000 

Pacific  41,400,00 

Great Lakes 27,200,000  

Southeast 15,700,000 

Source: Coastal Watershed Populations (NOAA, 2010)

Tourism is the second largest contributor to the U.S. gross domestic product and coastal

tourism and recreation account for 85 percent of all tourism revenue.

Tourism and recreation constitute by far the fastest growing sector of the ocean

economy, extending virtually everywhere along the coasts of the continental U.S., southeast

Alaska, Hawaii and our island territories and commonwealths.

Tourism/Recreation GDP

Tourism/Recreation Jobs

Source: US Commission on Ocean Policy, 2004

Source: US Commission on Ocean Policy, 2004

Source: NOAA Report on the Ocean and Great Lakes Economy of the U.S. NOAA, Coastal Services Center, 2012.

Data based on six ocean sectors: Living Resources, Marine Construction, Marine Transportation, Offshore Mineral Extraction, Ship and Boat Building, Tourism and Recreation

Source: NOAA Report on the Ocean and Great Lakes Economy of the U.S. NOAA, Coastal Services Center, 2012.

Source: NOAA Report on the Ocean and Great Lakes Economy of the U.S. NOAA, Coastal Services Center, 2012.

Source: Horizon Consumer Science & CLC Research Inc.

Tourism Facts (2011)

6,745,000 visitors 11,400 tourism jobs $1.39 billion in visitor spending $35 million in city tax revenues Average length of stay – 1.4 days

Leisure&Travel,November2008

Tourism Facts

•   $116.5 million visitor spending (2009) •   $2.1 million in county tax receipts

•   1,600 tourism-related jobs

Source: Dean Runyan Associates for Washington State Tourism Office

Tourism Facts (2010)

•   2,651,300 visitors •   850,300 cruise ship visitors •   Largest industry/employer

Source: Monroe County Tourist Development Council; Smith Travel Research

Tourism Facts

•   $35 million in direct spending •   ~250,000 passengers/annually

Source: Maine Department of Community and Economic Development

Source: Alaska Resource Development Council and Alaska Alliance for Cruise Travel

Tourism Facts

•   842,000 cruise ship passengers (2012) •   $1.35 billion/year overall economic impact

Source: A Socioeconomic and Recreational Profile of Surfers in the United States. Wagner, Nelson and Walker. Surfrider Foundation. 2011

$1.9 – $3.1 billion annual expenditures

•   12 million saltwater anglers •   $31 billion in expenditures •   ~ 500,000 U.S. jobs

1966

NationalSGCollege

ActPassed

Firstgrants

awardedbySG(1968)

1970

SGbecomespartofNOAA

1975

8InstitutionsAchieve

CollegeStatus

1stNationalConferenceon

MarineRecreationNewportBeach,CA

1985 19901980 1995 2000 2005 2010

MarineBoardRoundtableon

MarineRecreation&

Tourism(2002)

1990Congress

onCoastal&MarineTourism

1999InternationalSymposiumon

Coastal&MarineTourism

(SGTourismTalentTeamMeeting)

1996WorldCongressonCoastal&

MarineTourism

1985Nat.OutdoorRec.Trends

Symposium–SGPanel

CoastalRecreationHandbookfor

Planners/Managers(1976)

RecreationalAccesstotheCoastalZoneForum(1979)

1985RecreationalBoatingIndustry/SGNationalWorkshop‐Chicago

SeaGrantCoastalRecreationIssues

CommitteeFormed(1985)

MarineRecreationandTourismIssuePaperCommittee(1986)

SGExtensionWorkshoponCoastalRecreationandTourism(1994)

SustainableCoastal

andMarineTourism

Roundtable(2011)

SGCoastalRecreationandTourismResourceGuideDeveloped(1994)

SGMASLeadersSurveyResults:CoastalandMarineTourism

Programs(1992)

SGThemeTeams:Coastal

CommunitiesandEconomies

(2000)

NationalExtensionTourismDesignTeam(1995/96)‐Falk(SG)

2007USDA‐CREESRecreationResearchPlanning‐Falk(SG)

SGFocusAreas:SustainableCoastal

Development(2009)

InternationalEcotourism

SocietyFormed(1990)

U.S.CommissiononOceanPolicy(2004)

PewOceanCommission

(2003)

1998YearoftheOcean

1984YearoftheOcean

1980Year

OftheCoast

ZebraMusselsarriveinLakeSt.Clair(1988)

PfiesteriainvadesMid‐Atlantic(1991)

•   University Programs in Marine Resource Management, Natural Resource Management, Environmental Sciences, Parks/Recreation, Tourism Planning

•   New Sea Grant Extension Agents – Variety of Disciplines

•   Growth of Research and Extension Activities Focus on Coastal Recreation and Tourism Issues

Growth Phase for Sea Grant

Photo: Circa 2005

Training: Natural/Marine Resource Management, Law, Economics, Social Sciences, Human Dimensions, Tourism and Recreation

Subject Area # Projects Sportfishing 37 Boating/Marinas 17 Tourism 10 Artificial Reefs 9 Scuba Diving 6 Water Safety 6 Beach Use 5 Recreational Development 3 Marine Parks 3 Recreational Access 2 Urban Waterfronts 1 Marine Recreation •   Economics/Policy 3 •   Management 3 •   Education 1 •   Inventory 1 •   Energy 1 •   General 1 TOTAL 109

SG Program # Projects New York 28 Michigan 19 Florida 11 Minnesota 8 Texas 8 Rhode Island 6 Oregon 4 Washington 3 Virginia 3 Ohio 3 Delaware 2 California 2 Wisconsin 2 North Carolina 2 Hawaii 2 Illinois/Indiana 2 South Carolina 1 Alaska 1 Maryland 1 Maine 1 TOTAL 109

Marine Sector Value ($)

Marine Recreation and Tourism 321,074,500

Commercial Fisheries 167,161,700

Aquaculture 92,545,000

Coastal and Offshore Construction 91,195,000

Marine Trades and Service Industry 85,540,000

Marine Safety and Public Health 53,100,000

Seafood Processing 17,570,000

Marine Biotechnology 13,770,000

TOTAL $841,956,200

*Sea Grant’s “reach” into the marine economy is only partly gauged. Every Sea Grant accomplishment is not reported. For example, almost no attempt was made to account for better resource management decisions that flow from having better scientific knowledge. Returns from Sea Grant’s investment in human capital development, from graduate education to extension workshops, went largely unmeasured, A value is not assigned to the lives saved as a result of marine safety training programs. Nor was it possible to track systematically or to account for the continuation of Sea Grant impacts reported in 1981. (Source: Twine Line, June 1989)

•  Research •   Education/Training •   Networking •   Partnerships •   Catalyst •   Financial Support •   National Resources •   No Vested Interests

Active Involvement

Limited Involvement

Little or No Involvement

20 Programs 9 Programs 3 Programs

*Unscientific poll based on personal knowledge of state programs and review of state SG program Websites.

•  SustainableTourism

•  ClimateChange&Tourism

•  CommunityDevelopment

•  EconomicsofTourism

•  HeritageTourism

•  Tourism&Environment

•  Marke>ng/Promo>on

•  Popula>onandDemographics

SCD •   Economic Development •   Working Waterfronts •   Smart Growth Principles

SSSS •   Recreational Fishing •   Sustainable Seafood •   Consumer Education

HRCC •   Tourism Impacts •   Rip Currents •   Climate Change

HCE •   Visitor Impacts •   Development Impacts •   Nature-Based Tourism

Sustainable Coastal Tourism

•   2014 – 2017 NSGO Strategic Plan should clearly reflect the role and importance of tourism in achieving Sea Grant national goals and objectives.

•   The 32 state Sea Grant programs should assess the importance of coastal tourism within their respective states and address these needs, challenges and opportunities in the goals and objectives of their respective state 2014 – 2017 state plans.

•   The NSGO working with the 32 state Sea Grant programs should develop a national multi-media message to coastal communities and the tourism industry regarding the role that Sea Grant is playing (and can play) in regard to coastal tourism

Additional recommendations to be discussed in afternoon breakout session

Coordinating across government

•   Federal agencies must work together with public and private partners to help create jobs.

•   Prioritize and Coordinate Federal policies & programs; encourage Federal participation in public-private tourism partnerships.

•   DOC will establish a national travel and tourism office to provide leadership/focus within the Federal government.

Conducting research and measuring results

•   Public and private parties need up-to-date information to make smart decisions about policies and investments.

•   Federal government will work with the travel and tourism industry and academic researchers to conduct high-quality research on tourism trends to inform public and private decisionmaking.

•   Performance metrics and accountability measures will be used to ensure continual progress on the goals/strategies outlined in this report.

Human Issues

•   Aging coastal population •   Personal safety (crime, health-related concerns, etc.) •   Workforce depletion due to high cost of living in coastal areas

Financial Concerns

•   Economic slowdown (recession) •   Rising fuel costs (automobiles, boats, airlines) •   Loss of public sector funding (beach nourishment, maintenance, etc.)

Environmental Issues

•   Natural disasters (hurricanes, tsunamis, nor’easters, earthquakes) •   HAB/invasive species outbreak (Pfiesteria, zebra mussels) •   Impacts to natural resources (negative water quality, depleted fish/wildlife)

Human-caused Disasters (oil spills, nuclear reactor meltdowns, etc.)

Climate Change (SLR, increase/intensity of coastal storms)

Sea Grant is the ‘go to’ organization for science-based information related to coastal tourism that enhances our economy, improves the quality of life, and sustains the environment in our nation’s coastal communities.

(Rincon, Puerto Rico)t