the ties that bind chemical bonding and interactions

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The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

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Page 1: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

The Ties That Bind

Chemical Bonding and Interactions

Page 2: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

Chemical Bonding and Interactions1. Stable Electron Configurations2. Electron-Dot (Lewis) Structures

1. Drawing, Rules for Drawing2. The Octet Rule3. Some Exceptions to the Rule

3. Ionic Bonding1. Naming ionic compounds2. Drawing

4. Covalent Bonding1. Naming covalent compounds2. Drawing3. Electronegativity and Polar Covalent Compounds

5. Molecular Shapes and the VSEPR Theory6. Intermolecular Forces of Attraction

1. H-bonds, Dipole-Dipole, Ion-Dipole, London Dispersion Forces

Page 3: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

MOLECULAR GEOMETRY

Page 4: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

The VSEPR ModelThe VSEPR Model

Predicting Molecular GeometriesPredicting Molecular Geometries

Page 5: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

Cl ClBe

2 atoms bonded to central atom0 lone pairs on central atom 10.1

Page 6: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

10.1

Page 7: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

The VSEPR ModelThe VSEPR Model

Predicting Molecular GeometriesPredicting Molecular Geometries

Page 8: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

10.1

Page 9: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

bonding-pair vs. bondingpair repulsion

lone-pair vs. lone pairrepulsion

lone-pair vs. bondingpair repulsion> >

Page 10: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

The VSEPR ModelThe VSEPR Model

Molecules with Expanded Valence ShellsMolecules with Expanded Valence Shells

Page 11: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

The VSEPR ModelThe VSEPR Model

Molecules with Expanded Molecules with Expanded Valence ShellsValence ShellsTo minimize ee repulsion, lone pairs are always placed in equatorial positions.

Page 12: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

The VSEPR ModelThe VSEPR Model

Molecules with Expanded Valence ShellsMolecules with Expanded Valence Shells

Page 13: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

10.1

Page 14: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

10.1

Page 15: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

10.1

Page 16: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

The VSEPR ModelThe VSEPR Model

Page 17: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

The VSEPR ModelThe VSEPR ModelMolecules with More than One Central AtomMolecules with More than One Central AtomIn acetic acid, CH3COOH, there are three central atoms.We assign the geometry about each central atom separately.

Page 18: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

Predicting Molecular Geometry1. Draw Lewis structure for molecule.

2. Count number of lone pairs on the central atom and number of atoms bonded to the central atom.

3. Use VSEPR to predict the geometry of the molecule.

What are the molecular geometries of SO2 and SF4?

SO O

AB2E

bent

S

F

F

F F

AB4E

distortedtetrahedron

10.1

Page 19: The Ties That Bind Chemical Bonding and Interactions

The VSEPR ModelThe VSEPR Model

Predicting Molecular GeometriesPredicting Molecular GeometriesTo determine the electron pair geometry:

draw the Lewis structure;count the total number of electron pairs around the central atom.arrange the electron pairs in one of the above geometries to minimize e-e repulsion.multiple bounds count as one bonding pair.