The Telegraph By: Dana Zahra

The telegraph was invented by Samuel F.B Morse in 1837 in the New York University. It took him 12 long years. The telegraph was used for communication and transferring information faster and it was heavily used at wars, where they needed to send commands and request for help in emergency times. In addition it was also used in peoples social lives. Also the telegraph is used for sending messages, news and any urgent information.

The Introduction Of The Telegraph

Problem

People needed a faster way to communicate and send information and news.

Samuel F.B Morse Biography

•Born on April 27, 1791 in Charlestown, Massachusetts.

•First son of Jedidiah Morse and Elizabeth Breese.

•At the age of seven he attended in Phillips Academy.

• He wasn’t a great student but he certainly had very good drawing skills.

•Graduated from Yale College in 1810.

•Wanted to have a career in art, but his father disagreed to this.

• So instead Samuel took a job as a clerk in a Charlestown bookstore, but still in that time he continued painting.

•His father changed his decision and in 1811 he allowed Morse to travel to England to continue his art.

•Samuel worked at the Royal Academy with an American artist Benjamin West.

•On 1818, he got married. His wife had two boys and one girl.

•Samuel invented the first Telegraph in 1837, it took him 12 long years.

•In April 1872, Samuel Morse died.

Jedidiah Morse

Elizabeth Breese

Samuel Morse

Benjamin West

The Story Of The Telegraph

On October 1832, Samuel Morse and his family, sailed back home on a ship called the Sully.

One day during his trip, he heard some passengers talking about electricity.

He had an idea, he thought maybe electricity could transmit messages.

So for the rest of the trip, he worked on an alphabetical system that was then called the Morse code. The symbols he made up were the dot and the dash.

When he got back home he started making what he called a telegraph. It was made out of picture frames, lead, and wood from a table. .

Morse Code

How The Telegraph

Works

The telegraph works by electrical pluses which transfer coded messages through a wire to the other end, where then the massage is decoded into words.

How The Telegraph Solves The Problem

The invention of the telegraph solved the problem by sending messages and information much faster.

What Humans Did About The Problem Before The Telegraph

Before the telegraph was invented messages would take months or even years to reach. The Pony Express was a mail company way back in the 1860s. It was created to deliver the mail faster. But it still took long.

How The Telegraph Improved Human

Life

The Telegraph improved the way people communicate, and they could send messages quicker between cities and even continents.

The Telegraph spread important news, useful information and emergency warnings faster. Knowing this information people can react faster.

Detail Changes Or Improvements Made To The Telegraph Through

Time

In 1580 operators realized that the clicks of the recording instrument made a sound pattern. This allowed the operator to hear the messages and write it down. The telegraph became a more speedy system.

In 1871 the duplex telegraphy was invented. Two messages were sent over the wire, one in each direction.

In 1883 an English automatic telegraph was invented. It allowed larger numbers of words to be transmitted over a wire at once.

Buckingham's Machine Telegraph printed received messages in Roman letters on a paper.

In 1890 the Vibroplex was invented. It has a automatic key called the bug key which made the dots automatically. The Vibroplex

Telegraph

The Duplex Telegraph

•People needed to build telegraph stations and trained many operators.

•People needed to lay cable wires between many cities, even continents.

•Nowadays the telegraph doesn’t make any problems for us. It had been replaced by the radio, the newspapers, television and the internet. The television and the internet might have bad influence on people. We need to be aware on what based our decisions, beliefs and values.

How Has The Telegraph Created

New Problems For Us

Timeline Of The History Of The Telegraph

In 1794 Claude Chappe invented the non-electric telegraph.

In 1809 Samuel Soemmering invented a telegraph that used electrodes in water.

In 1828 Harrison Dyar invented telegraph that sent electrical sparks through chemically treated paper tape.

In 1825 William Sturgeon invented the electromagnet.

In 1830 Josef Henry used the electromagnet to send the signal.

In 1837 William Cooke and Charles Wheatstone made the telegraph based on electromagnetism.

In 1837 Samuel Morse successfully used the electromagnet and invented a telegraph system that had practical success.

The telephone (1849) and the radio (1897) were the new inventions that replaced the telegraph.

Information Bibliography

"The Communication Revolution." About.com Inventors. Web. 31 Mar. 2012. <http://inventors.about.com/od/indrevolution/a/telegraph.htm>."Samuel Morse." Rodspages Homepage. Web. 31 Mar. 2012. <http://www.rod.beavon.clara.net/samuel.htm>."Telegraph-History." Telegraph-History. Web. 31 Mar. 2012. <http://www.telegraph-history.org/>."UR5EAW::HAM Radio Page." UR5EAW::HAM Radio Page. Web. 31 Mar. 2012. <http://www.ur5eaw.com/Morse.html>.

Picture Bibliography http://www.wired.com/images_blogs/thisdayintech/2010/04/samuel_m

orse_500px.jpg

http://www.thecultureconcept.com/circle/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/Artist-Benjamin-West-Self-Portrait.jpg

http://www.iment.com/maida/familytree/breese/elizabethbreese4.jpg

http://www.thefederalistpapers.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/jedmorse.jpg

http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_7YYVqB4u-nQ/TUxekVqHy1I/AAAAAAAABYo/4tEsa2CsV5U/s1600/ThePonyExpressPoster.jpg

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Pony_Express_Poster.jpg/220px-Pony_Express_Poster.jpg

http://wwwhttp://www.old-picture.com/civil-war/pictures/Telegraph-Station.jpg.pbcliberal.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/ds_telegraph_key.jpg

http://smsmoewe.com/semafore/smsmea3.gif

http://www.kyrene.org/schools/brisas/sunda/inventor/morse/index.html

http://www.nonstopsystems.com/radio/hell-sam-morse-telegraph.jpg

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_YuyD-tLYbJc/Snc1MNBA0MI/AAAAAAAAAjY/0eh0DVHHkFY/s400/Telegraphoperator.jpg

http://vr3blog.files.wordpress.com/2010/03/telestation.jpg

http://www.telegraph-history.org/horace-g-martin/vibro10.jpg

http://www.officemuseum.com/IMagesWWW/1877_Phelps_Electro-Motor_Printing_Telegraph_Sci_Amer_OM.jpg

http://ushistoryimages.com/images/morse-telegraph/fullsize/morse-telegraph-5.jpg

http://www.telegraph-history.org/samuel-morse/main5b.jpg

http://cdn.theatlantic.com/static/mt/assets/science/marconi_school.jpg

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