Official Jonrnal of the National Brotherhood Electrical Workers of America.

VOL. 7, No. I I. ROCHESTER, N. Y., NOVEMBER, 1898.

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2

The Storage Battery.

On the evening of October 25th Mr. -Harry A. Nicholl, Superintendent of Power of the Rochester Railway Company, read an interesting aud instructive paper on .. The Chloride Accumulat.or," before the Rochester Academy of Science. The pa­per in full follows. Mr. Nicholl said:

In prefacing my brief remarks this even­ing, please permit me t.o say t11at I will ollly attempt to give y.ou a general de­scription .of the constnktion and uses of the "Chloride Accumulator," or Storage Battery, as is now constructed for electric plants by the Electric Storage Battery Company, of Philadelphia, Pa., and as is now being installed in this city for the Rochest-er Railway Company. Please bear in mind that all the figures, dimensions, etc., which I will hereafter give, pertain only to the plant of the Rochester Railway Company.

Briefly stated, the battery in its entirety is composed of 24S ceIls, each cell, if taken singly, being in itself ~ complete battery, capablc of being charged w:th an electric current or discharged. These 24S ceIls are all connected together in series, so that the electric current will pass through each of them consecutively, the first and last cell being cOllIiected with the outside cir­cuit or course, and with which the battery is to operate. The capacity of the battery is 700 ampere hours, aud its total weight about 115 tons,_ each cell, or element, weighing 925 pounds.

The contents of these cells consist of 10 negative and 9 positive plates, each IS feet 2 inches square; 2 sheets of heavy glass Yz inch thick; 2 strips of lead ){ inch thick and 3 im:hes wide by 20 feet long; 36 glass tubes 18 feet long by Yz inch diametic; 4 strips of hard rubber 3-16 in. thick by U in. wide and 7 in. long, and sufficient sul­phuric acid solution to nearly fill the tank. The tank itself is made of wood I Yz inches thick, and is 29~ in. wide by 20J{ in. long and 23~ high, and is lined with sheet lead. The tank or cell is placed upon porcelain insulators resting on a wooden skid or frame made from ash of 2Y. ~11 by 4 in. cross section. This frame is set upon vitrified bricks of the usual size, the bricks resting on the ground or floor of battery room. 'fhe tanks are vt'ry strongly constructed and are put together without the use of screws, all the joints being dove-tailed and glued. The outsides of the tanks are treated w:ith two coats of acid-proof com­position. The lead Jitting ill the tanks is made from lead sheets 1-16ill. thick, weigh­ing 4 Ibs.-- per square foot, al1 properly hurned together, and extends over the top (If the tank and down the outside for about one inch. The tanks are larger than is Jrecessary to hohi the 19 plates, space being

THE ET~ECTRICAL WORKER

purp<;sel~' left for aa increase of 33!1 per cent. if required..

Tb", po!oitivc pi'ltes, 9 in llaml,,~r to each celJ) are Dlade of an a(lh,~e ttlatella1 of per­oxidp. of 1 ertd , formed after Lbo; Plante method on a rosette or coii of rolled lead tape corrugated anI] coiled and presSf'd into Rn c.!1timcniu5 leed fr~.111"..: e:- grid (~vhtch is mule with bol.::s in it to reeein: tht--se ro­settes), wh~ch make~ a practice!)y non­corrodible, rigid ami couducti-.. e support. In e'lch positive plate tbere are 279 of. the:;e littie rusettes, which are aool1t y. in. thick and t~ in. diameter. In making these little rosettes they are taken from lead ,ibuou placeu 011 reels, and fed illto a coiling machine, the f1::Dction of which is to corrug:lte and cut it into proper lengths and coil it iuto !'o!'cttes of required size. The rc·settes are placed in telllpiatt'~, and are drivp.11 into the lead. grids by hydraulic pn:ssm-e. __ The plates are made- in this manner so that the greatest amollnt of snr­face might be expo~cd to th~ electrotype. These plates, as well as the negative plates, are put into lhe taaks in a verti·::~l posi­tion, paraJIel to eaeh other, alFl spaced about J Yz inches ap;;.rt, th,!: Ilrst plate being about two im:hes froill the si.le of tallk.

The Negative plate is com!Josf'fi Clf pas­teilc;; of chloride of !cRd, keyed together with a fmme of antimonins lead, which is iorced around them, aud from this chlo­tidl~ the name, .. Chloride ACCll1"'lUbtor," is derived. In each negative plate there a;:-e 64 of these_ pastel1e~, each Olle of which is divided by two !'mall grooves on each side, perpendicu1a.r to each other, which forms four square sutldi..-isio!1s, each being U in. square, making 2:;6 SQll:lTCS in each piate. They are thell placed in moulds allll held in p()~ition hy pius stuck through small hoks left - ill the· center ,.,f them. The lead frame or grid is then cast around them. The plate is then reduce._! by plac­ing it between sheets in an dec!ro!yte of chlot:ide of zinc, lhereb)' elimillal-il1g the chlorine frem. the chloride and p~dt\cing the pastelie to a very porous crystalline mass of spongy iead, the crystals of which lie transversely to the platte of the plate, and are beautifuliy pronounct:d, iJeiilg "1S­iiJle to the n~ked eye. The plates are then cle(med and placed in tau ks as cathodes to the curreilt. which is 'lpplieu for several hours, this test bl:iing made to insure_ the entire elimination of the chlorine.

'fhe plate glass which is u~ed in the tanks is }5 inch t!J.ic~ i'.t:d ::14 in. long, and 20 in. high-; and i5 jJla('cd ·:::rticJ.i!y and about ~-5 in. froul the sides of t.he tank. Its .:;;-5ce i~. to afford a rest fv)' t be J"usitive and l1egati-,e pia!cs an" to prop~r1y insu­late them froll) the sides of til" iauk anu from each other.

The two 'e?d strip'; are placed in the bot­tom of the tank aWl un these the glass shee~ rest. The strips ar:.! lIlc:eiy made

[November

for a protection to the bottom of the 1.ank_ The 36 glass tubes are placed between.

the negative and positive plates in a verti­cal position, one on either side, so as to­prevent them from coming in contact with each other.

The four hard rubber strips are made­with holes in them just large enough to receive the glass tubes, and their office is to keep the glass tubes properly suspended, the rubber strips themselves resting hori­zontally on the upper part of the plates- in a place prepared for them.

The wooden frames are put together with dowel pillS aud glue, no nails or screws being allowed to be used ill their CQ1Jstruc­tion, on account of the destructh'e effect of the fum es of the battery on the metals of which they are made. -

The porcelain insulators are ~ingle petti­coated and are about 3 in. in diameter by 2Y. in. high. They rest on the frames, and securely insu).·lte the tank froUl them.

The vitrified brick are used on account of their indestructibility, and because they can be placed in a damp or wet place with­out absorbing moisture.

The bus-bars or straps connecting -tIle plates of the different tanks are nm the full length of the tank and a.re made en­tirely out of lead about ,-,0 in. tllick and shaped somewhat -like an inverted .. e." On this strap the positive plates are burned onto one side, and the negative plates of the adjoining tank on the other side. This arrangement completes the electric circuit between the tanks, the acid fonning it in the tanks. The straps of the end tanks are reinforced by copper strips, in order to increase their conductivity and to insure_ uniformity of discharge.

In order to place sa man!' tanks in the al10ttell space, 10 rows were reSlIired to be. made. The space or aisle hetween-ev-ery­other row is about three f<:et wittt, alld in connecting the end tanks on dtlter side of this aisle, strips of copper, I eau-coated , are used, of J J-i in. by J-f :'n. dimension. The eopper is lead-coated to prevent -any chemical action the -battery fumes Ulight have on the copper.

All the connections of the battery plates to- the leaden straps or ba-rs are made -by burning the lead together. This process of burning is carried ou with the greatest care, making a perfectly homogenous weld,· as no other metal than that of the respec- , tive parts is used. For the burning, a hy­drogen flame is employed, which iea·jes the snrface of the metal pure and unoxi~ dized. The hydrogen gas is manufactured

-in a small apparatus built for th~ purpose. It consists of a large lead bottle with a large neck cast in the mi,ldle, and 01) the top also, and to one side of the neck is a very small nipple and valve. About six inches from the bottom of the bottle is a second bottom, which is perforated, _and

November1 • J

-on this the zinc employed in making the .gas is placed, through the bottle ne~k. A bove this bottle is suspended another h:ad­en tank, into whieil the sulphuric acid is placed, and froUl. this upper tank the acid ru,lS down thro\'gh a small lead pipe_ into the large bottle, and tmder and through lhe perforateO hottom, where it comes in <:ontact with the zinc, where the chemical -a~lion of the acid on the zinc produces the hydrogen gas, which rises to the top and js piped through the small valve to where it is needed..

The chemical action that takes place in the batl~y may be Lriefly outlined as fol­lows:

During the charge the water of the solu- . tion in which the plates are immersec is -!'plit up by the elcctropic action into hy­drogen and oxygen, the hydrogen being .absorbed by the pores in the negative plate, and the oxygen going to the positive plate. The water is thus drawn from the solution, which accounts for the fact that the density of the solution is highest at the end of charge. The eff~ct of the oxy­gen on tll(: positive plate is to convert the active nlaterial into peroxide of lead; and the hytlrogen on the negative plate re­duces the acth'e material to spongy lead.

On 1Ile discharge"the hydrogen and ox­ygen gasts are _ reunited in the solutioll, forming water, and rcducing its density. The joss of oxygen by the positive plate, ~l1d hy(it-ogclI by the negative plate, re­duces tllf: pel"Oxide on the positive plate SJ.ud the spongy lead on the negatin~ plate to snlphat~ of lead. The difference of 1'0-t.ential between peroxide of' lead and ..spongy lead is about 2.05 volts, that being the potential at the end of charge. As the peroxide and spongy lead are gradually reduced to sulphate of -lead by the dis­charge, the potentia! difference gradually drops, Uie drop increa,>ing as the sulphatE' is formed. In ordinary work, when the potential is down to 1.8 volts the cells may be considered discharged, as it is not wise to form too much sulphate.

The method of aseertaining when the battery is charged is by testing the den;;ity -of the solution by an hydromr.ter, and by lJoting the state of the "boiling" of the :solution.

In connection with- the battery an elec­tric machine caii.:C. [, Rooster is U6i!'1. It ~onsists of a molor and generator connect­ed directly to the same shaft. The motor js a multipolar machine of .550 volts and 100 amperes capacity, and runs at Goo rev­olutions per 11linllte, and acts in the same cap:tcity as an engine, merely attached to

drivp. tlle gcnerator end of the booster. The nwtor takes its drivilig power directly from t.he bus-bar of the railway switchboard. The geuarator is a compound, differentially wound machine, cnd is of iO volts and 500 ~llnpcres capacity, and is connected up in

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

series with the railway generator and bat­tery, the b'lttery itself being connected in mUltiple with the railv:ay generators-.

The important offices the booster fills are: When working in the railway circuit. To regulate the charging and discharging of the battery- as well as the load oil the engines, constantly keeping them nmning at a steady speed and doing the same amount of work, and when the plant is being run independently of the outside circuit, for charging the battery (this is after all the ears are TUn into tlle barns for the night), the booster raises the potential of the railway circuit sufficient to overcome the p0tential of the battery, which allows same to be readily charged to its full ca­pacity.

In charging the battery the occlusion of gas on the plates raises the counter E. M. F. of the cell, requiring an increased pres­sure from the charging source to force cur­rent through the cell. This increased pressure is taken from the booster. The lower the rate of charge, the less gas will be formed, and con~equcntly the less marked will be the rise in the C. E. 1\1. F. 1'be higl\er the rate of charge, the more gas will be formed, with the consequent increase in the C. E. 1\1. F. of the cell. At the normal rate of charge the cell may be considered full ,y!len :J sufiicient amollnt of gas has bcell gathered in .the pores and on the surfllce of the face to produce a counter E. M. F. of 2.5 vt)lts per cell, with the charging current flowing. The mo­ment the charging current is discontinued the gas on the surface of the plates es­capes and the C. E. M. F. of the cell im­mediately drops, and if the ("ell be allowed to stand idle for a short tlme, the pressure will-be down to apotit 2.05 volts per cell.

The close regulation of the current is done through the reversing field rheostat, which controls the shunt field winding of the booster generator, and pre"ents its ter­minal voltllge being "aried from zero to a maximum in either direction.

The advantage of this system of regula­ting may be summarized as follows:

Saving in depreciation of general plant, as it is relieved of the strain of sudden and excessive loads.

Reduction in coal consnmption is effect­ed, as the plant runs at I' steady load, and .. t or ue~r the p.:>int c.f. L;:;hest efficiency.

As an element of safelY, as in the case of accident to the engine or dynamo, ne­cessitating a stopP;lge, it will snpply the requisite power for a length of time de­pending upon its capacity.

Permits the plant being shut down en­tirely durin)! hours of light load, the bat­tery supplying the whole of the current.

A smaller generating" piant is -requin::d, as the ballery takes lhe .. peak" of the load, which usually lasts for a few homs on Iy, and where no battery is used sufii-

3

cient generators are required to be .installed to provide for the maximum output.

In conclusion I shall merely outline the application of batteries in Europe, to indi­cate the extent to which they are used there. . .

The Tudor Company, with its principal works in Hagen, has in operation batteries in over 200 central stations, IS railway and power plllllts, aud over 5,000 isolated plan ts. An officer of the Tudor Company who was 1n this country a year or se ago, made the statement that their 7 or eight years' ex­perience ill central stations in Germany indicated that the use of storoge batteries insured a reduction of 337S per cent. in the generating capacity, a saying of from 20 to 50 per cent. in coal consumption, a steady load for the engine, snd a -reserve power always on ham1.

In the stations at Dusseldorf, Hanover and Barmen, Germany. there are batteries ha"ing a yearly output of 42,000, J55,ooo and 2J6,()(JQ kilowatt hours respecth'eIy, being from 35 to 61 per cent. of the totai 11et out !Jilt of the stations.

III France there are 54 stations operating batteries, exclusive of t!:ose in Paris. In that city there are some 30 storage hattery statioll-. Twenty-five suh-stati"lis are op­erated on the Popp systl:IlI, each station being equipped with one, two 0;' three bat­teries of a type manufactured by the French Chloride Company. The batt cries are dis­charged at rates ranged up to 2,000 am­peres e_cch, and have a total capacity of 100,000 Jamps. Four other stativlls in faris have each 3,200 allll,ere hour batteries of the Chloride typ~.

In the St. George :,tation of the Edison Company, in Pnris, there is a battery of 128 cells, with a discharg;;; .-ate of Soo am­peres.

In the United Kingdom there are 48 elec­tric light companies furnishing continuous cnrrent; 35, or_ 74 per cent., use batteries in their central or sub-stations.

In Switzerland there are about ISo light­ing plants using accumulators. 1\1any of these br.tteries are charged from dynanlOs driven from water power.

In cities of our own country we have sOllie vcry Jarge installations, a few of which 1 will mention:

Ampere hour cells

Philadelphia Edison Co., Phila.. . 8,000 E":isull Elcctl-ic 111. Co., Boston ... 14,00 Edison Electric 111. Co., New York. S,ooo They are also putting in three batter-

ies aggregating. . . . . . . . 8,000 Edison Electric Ill. Co., Brooklyn. 10,000 Hartford Elec. Light Ce. " . . . . 9,600 San Frand!'co Gas and Elec. Co ... 6,000 Cle~'elalld Elee. Illuminating Co.. . 4,000 t,. S. Eke. Lighting Co.,\\"ashington, 4,<:>00 Unlet! Traction Co., Philadelphia .. T,OOO Consolidated Traction Co., Pittshurg, 2,000 CelJtral Railwav-Co., Baltimore ... 1.000 Buffalo l<.aiiwa}' Company, t.he !~rg- -

est buttery in til€" world t:st-d :or stre(:t r:1ilway purpl)~(;S . _ . 1,000

And the Chicago Edison Co .. ... 12,800

4

the latter being the largest lighting bat­tery in tIle world.

The Metropolitan St. Ry. Co., of New York, is now installing, in connection with their underground trolley system, two bat­teries each of 2,500 K. \V. capacity, which ,will exceed in capacity anything hereto­fore installed in the storage battery line.

.TAK£ . TXM£ TO B£ HUMAN.

By HERBERT N. CASSON in Coming Nation.

Take time to be ']mU1an, my hurrying friend; ,

Your wealth.gaining pro~cts, like bubbles, shall end. .

You may be acquiring 110t treasure, but trash;

There's much in the world, friend, besides credit alld cash.

Take time to be human; heneath the sky's blue

The birds in the forest are richer than you. Go learn of the my, the rh'er and the plain, That life is too sacred to Sljuander for gain.

Take tillle to be human; develop your mind; Commune with earth's thinkers-wise

guides of nlankind. Let Hugo and Ruskin, Carlyle aud Tho·

reau, ' Instntct and inspire you, till nobler you

grow.

'fake time to be 'hnman; love Kature and Art;

No money can purchase what these can imparl.

The-rapturcs of .m~lsic, and beauty's sweet form, .

Like sunshine, will ripen, amI keep your heal't warm.

'fake time to, be human; remember the poor;

No language can picture the woes they end~lre.

Don't make life a failure by missing Love's, , goal;

Don'\ grab a few dollars, and lose your soul.

From "Old Crip." Raton, N. M., Nov. 5, J89S.

Editor Electrical Worker: Th'e 5th is here again and it reminds me

that I mllst send a line to the \Vorker. As I live remote from any L'lrge city, I do not have the opportunity to get together any interesting electrical news, but I feel that I'should write a few lines every month.

The chilly blasts of winter are here, and find" Old Crip," as usuai, without any visil:Jle means of support: hut all I can do is to .. grin and bear it," which I shall en­deav'or to do. However, there is very lit­tle consolation in grinning on an empty stomach.

'Twill S001l be three years since I have used hand or foot, and it seems thirty years to' me. How terrible is tbis awful nffiictiun, from wbich there se~ms to be 11". hope of recovery.

I feel \'~ry grateful indeed to the mem­bers of this B. who have helped me along this mgged pathway.

Since my'last report I have received the following from locals for my' books: Local

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

No. to, :'5; Local No. 56. ~I.SO; Local No. 68, $1.25; r~tXal No. is. f.~. These amounts l:1a:: seem ~mall to those whl> have sent them, but tiley art! !a r !!<, 'J.' me. Brothers, I would not ask you to Lu)' my Look if I could use my hands 0;" feet a:'. of yore.

\Vith best wishes for the members of the Bro~herbl)od,

I am, gratefully, ROBERT G. WRIGHT.

Notes of Industry. , It costs about $1,000 to hnilrl an electric

cab uf the kind n().w in nse in Paril<. In Iliiuoi:: rluring the pa:;t year! IS coal

mines were ahandoued and 79 mines opened.

The co:;t of fuel on ,;!cam railroads is about ten per cent, of the opellitillg ex· penses, and on electric roads IS about fi\'e per ct'uL

A glass firm late)y rect::1\'ed a!l o:der £01' 500 glass felice pos:s, w he d the uSl~al size. and greiO\'ed ior till' re(:ep:ifJII of wire.

The CunadiHn go\'en',ment. has H)'ld the w~lter power rights at Shawilligan,falls, on the St. ?llaurice rivel', p.-oyim:e .Jf Qllebec. They are e).pected to de\'clop :<oo,ocu ilorse· PO\\'(!r.

Compro:sscd air l!a:; reccllti~' t't:en adopt­ed for Clean!l!g the in~erior \\'ork of SOUle railway pa"selJger cars, and is faid to give \"e;-y satisfactory re~llhs, :sa\'ing 10 per <:ent. in time and 90 per cellt. in t horough­ne~s, sweeping, dusting c\.shillll:-. U'lI.l c1ean­il1g (',,-rpets thoroughly wit1.:out \rcar.

It is stated that,the ll1eTcham!ise carried by rail in the l'nited Sta~e:; is duul)le the amount of laud carriage (.f all t he other nations of the earth COul bined. This means that the 70,OOO,OCf) peoplp. I)f the l'nited ~tates transport t"'ice as l11Uch Inerchundise as the re1tlaining 1,4(OO,OOO,oco of mankind. '

The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe. railroad proposes,to ouild, at its own loco­mvthe shops in Topeka, RUII" lIte largest locomotive in e,,-is~ence. its 1IIain design bt'ing for mountain climbing and hauling hea",' trains, It is estilll!'.ted t hut it will be able to haul a third larger load than any engine at present on the road.

THE J<;NGI.-ISH AWAKENING.

\Ve do not compiain oi this acth'ity on the part of onr transatlantic cousins'; we only Rsk for a'fair field. and that our man­ufactures may'be untrammeled by fiscal burnens, or hea\'y transport rates. But, undonbtedly. John Buli wili ha\'c to bestir himself, and arm forth.;:conJlict, Hemay nndit necessary to take a leaf out of Uncle Sum's book. lie is -said to be too indt'pend­ent to make a good salesman. That may be true of him when, withl)nt p~tti:lg him­self ahont, he can sell ali Ih~ can produce. R .. t let him learu tn produce more, and to do so more cheaply. Ii he ,is to retain his hold 011 the worI.J.'s 'nlarkets, his prices nm:o:1: be satisfactory as well as his goods, Rut in oreIer to ria these tbi!lg's iie will have to discard many antiquateu methods, and to COli$ign _ Clan\' old-!rttiohiolled machines to the' scrap.he?p, to he replaced with the best of their kiwi. "'vilb better machineT\';' and ht'anicr Cf)"',n",,,·.'.i"l1 from hil< worklu-en. he nee(;. not fea,· of being able to hold his owr, in hU !1Hu'k.ici;; ... -Frol11

[N oventber

the Trade Journals' Review of !Vlanchesfer, England.

COMM£NTS ON HILI.- EMPLOY;US' WAGES.

One of the bright young lawyers sai<! this week: "I believe the hardest work I e\'er did in my life wus as backboy for mule spinners in one of the Lawrence company's mills, I worked at it about five months and recei\'ed something Hoke over 30 cents a day. I afterward wort;;ed as a machiuist in many of the mills, but it did not secm to me as hard as back tend-ing."

This remark resulted from a comment on the back boys' strike. The boys have been paying into a u11ion fund for S0111C time 'al;d pro~es~ed against the low wages earl\' this month, It bo~hered the mill 11131ia3'ers somewhat, as they bad'to -call UPOII e\'ery man in their employ who had­been a backhoy to nssisC the spinuers while the s~rike was in progress"

Taken fr01l1 s,atemellts ofT·haud, one would get the impression tbat cotton wea\'ers of Lowell wel'e earning from $7 to $8 a week. A loomfixer w!io has an opportunity to see how nmch work', is turned off each ~veek, says: '

"Therema\' be weeks in our'mill when cotton weavers earn ~7 or $S out the. e :!""

many other weeks when they do nut ~"r!1 that sum, I was talking \':ith a sec owl hand and he told m~ that tlic <: VeTa~!(> \\'ages of the wean·rs under his charge " ... :as $4,50 a week. \\"hat puzzles Ille,;;}' ... f tile union men, who watch things guir.; 0:1111

the mills, is why a bounly i" p:.:irl second hands. They are on the pavrolls for a ccr­tain sum per day, but about once in every three months the second hands gu to the' coullting room. Oue of then' ,01,J llIe he did not receive his extra bount'· 1;:,i'i1 hi,s bill is countersigned by the age,:t Second, hands do not know what extra amounts' are paid o~her men hol<lll1~ the same posi· tion, as it appears to ,be a s~parate bargRin each man makes with the ugeut. \\"e sometimes wonder if that ext:-a is for rush­ing the help." -------

£I.-£CTRXC RAXI.-WAYS.

In rasadena,' Cal., an ordinance has been passed gral1tiug ,to 'George Leighton the right to constfi~ct' ilnd operate an elec·, tric railway on cerirun streets,' ,

Referring to th" statement that the rails, wires and poles of the Montreal &f'-eet, Railway Company have been judicially ad­judged to be, 5uhject ,to asseSSUlt!nt fDr municipal taxation, the controller of that COlllp:my says that there has been a mis­take. There bas been no such judglJ1ent, he stat~s, the question not ha ... ing arisen in Montreal. "

The experiment of havIng street·car lines owned by the municipality is to be tried in Christiania. Electric liut's are to be built in the near future bv lhe citv. They are to run toward the ea.~teT!1 Iim(15 of the tOWIl, the purpose oEtlie city father:; being to encourage the huilding of home;; in that quarter. Now the growth oi the city is toward the west and renes then, are high. So it appears that the local gO\'em­ment even seeks to help the h\!!nhkr ("itJ­zens to secure cheaper h:-.bitatioll!', Pat;:.l'· lIalism is assuredly hr.ving a iair test 1.1.

Norway.

Nov?1T!ber]

nQUITY OF THE SINGLE TAX.

The reason belie\·ers in the Single Tax .are snch untiring workers for their cause, is that as soon as one has mastered the subject, hI: Ulust begin the battle for humanity-to establish equity and justice. No longer call he sit quietly by allli see Ins fellows de\·oured by the monster of 1Il(>1I­

-<.>poly. All wa,; doubt and mystery in the past, but llOW he thanks the Creator of all thing,; for the light that has broken in un his soul. What. is the single tax?

It is the taldng of that value which is glnn to land by - the presence of popt:1a­lion (in some instances as high as ten mil­lion dollars per acre), which no individual produced, ana expending it for the ex­penses of goYernl11ent, national, state and nlUincipal.

How do single taxers propose to put it "in operation?

By abolishing all our present taxes. \\ill 1I0t this dis~ol1Tage industry and

·econolll v ? 1'0; on the contrary, it will" encourage

them by guarauteei Ilg to men the results of their efforts. At present when anyone tal~es wealth fmll! its hidden place alld llses it to incre'l~e his business he has the choice of perjuring hilllself or Cof paying the colleclor a fllle for his enierprise.

If he illlllroves his property, or builds on a vacant lot, thus giYillg employmt:nt to idle workmen and adc\ing to the comforts of th('m~eh·es and their families-injuring nOlle and bent'fiti.n)!; all-we tax or fine him as though he \\:t:re a cOlllmon enemy of society. "

Will the single tax haye any effect in retarding the pl·esent tendency of the rich to become richer and the poor to become -poorer?

\\'hell our forefathers came to the con­dusioll that a r"'publican form of go\·crn­mcnt was the Olll\' form fit for freemen they imagined they had done away with the injustice they had fled from when they left Europe. Rut their descendants haye "discoyered tllat the system which produced misery in Europe, was not killed by a change from the monarchial to the repub­lican form; the condition of America will gradually approach the cOllllition of Eu­rope, unless we change our system of tax­aqon, which is the key to the whole trouble. According to the last. Ct:nSIlS, 1and values, exc1ush c of- improycments, are estimated at from 11/;00,000,000 Lv $2,oor;,OOO,CY"JO anl1tt::!1!y. This V~-Is1. SI1J11 is taken annually from OUT prodUl'ers and given to a class whc, simply as land own­ers, .. dd not ~>Ile cent to the wealth pru­... iuced. The entire expenses of govern­ment, naHonni, state and municipal, .amounting to l1early the same sum, are "also taken froUl the producer, the collec­tion of which ill creases the ntlTlIher of office·holders tp two or three li!11'"~ tl,e total that would be necessary under the single tax. Our t~.riff produces the whnle brood of monopolies controlling the neces­saries of life; taxes on real estate result in ti;e Illluen: d assessors, who assess the property of the poor man at from 60 to 125 per cent of its Yalne, the r.ich bribe· giver paying on frorr: I; to -10 per ce"nt of his holdings, while taxes on personal property make perjurers of those wishing to eyade p"ymt:nt.

\Ve tax dogs, saloons, etc" to reduce the' numher. \\·hilp. we exempt churciws, schools. libraries, etc., in order that the number may increase; then why, in the

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

name of common sense, do we tax business houses, manufactories and homes?

Are they so bad that they should be dis-conragr:n: " ." "

Since Ola;' i'r(~se1~t 111eth,:-iI 'flf' ta~:;ifi~~~n rohs tEe landless for tb: bend:t i:.£ the land·owning dass, <:ncoura~l'S di::­honesty among officials, i:; a premium III I perjury, is the muttler of monopolv (which is thc cause of the present c..leprei­sian in husint'ss), robs the prescnt genera­tion of merchants, manufacturers and working people for those who perform no useful act in increasing the annual pro- " duct, and <lls0 robs e\'er} child born into the world <.';- it,,"natur<ll rh;ht to the free use of the land, which Goo 'made for all, and lastly, since it is denll'd of the Almighty's law that all should share equally in the Father'S gift to his childrcn-Iet us re­soh'e, as human beings who believe in a just God, to do all in our power to aholish a s\'stem that has callseo lIluch miscrv and cricne in the past, and which is sure, if con­tinued, to wreck our cOllntrv in the near futllre. •

FROM THE; LAEOR WORLD.

There is a stoneware trust.

Tinplate workers at Atlanta, Ind., struck against a cut in wages.

Girls employed in em o~tmeal mill at Cedar Rapids, la., won a strike,

Under the laws of Arkansas a fine of S25 is assesscd on t1~e company permitting c<,I­ored people to TIde III the sleepers.

Probably thc cheape5t 'railroad farcs in the world arc to he fOllnc! in Switzerianc..l, where the gO'.'err!ment owns the raiiro<ltls. -Sacramento Bee.

Indianapolis painters were locked out because they hovcotterl a firm th<lt em­ployed men ·who· owed the union money. They got 25 cents 'In hour.

London has taken hp the experiment of municipal street railroads. The South London tramwa\"s ha\·e been bought by the county counCil for "'-1,250,000. .

The movemenC for the establishment of the ten-hour day for bakers and the aboli­tion of the prevailing system of boarding journeymen is now fairly on foot.

The eighteenth annual convention of the American Federation of Labor will be held at Kansas Citv. ;\,10., December 12th. The Knights of Li.bor will meet at Chicago on ~()vember 15th.

5

The third of the series of conferences arranged by the Journeymen Bakers and Confectioners' International Union for the shorter work day movement in 1899 was held last week.

The famous Federal Labor Union, of Kane, 1'a., has gone into politics to the ex­tent of gdting all the labor organizations ir. :\1 d~eall county united on it labor ticket in the state campaign.

A Cleveland ordinance provides that the cash fares on street railways shall be fou"r cents, and that the tickets be sold at the rate of seven for a quarter. The present ratc of fan" is fi\·e cents, with tickets at the ratc of eleven for fifty Cents.

The Indiana Barbers' Protecth"e Asso­ciati<)[l was formed last week, The pur­puse of the organization is to prepare and ha ve" intruc..luced in the legislature a bill licf:'IIsing- barbers and requi~in~ better san-itary conditions hi barber shops. "

A mm·ement has been inaugurated in Pittsburg by trainmcn in the -interest of better wages. The demand has been placed in the hands of a grievance com­mittee, and will be presf:"nted to railroad ofiicials. P. 1\1. Arthur, chief of the Broth­erhood of LOC0111oti\·c Engineers, sa\·s that his (Jr~;anizalion is nut it'\\'oh"ed ·in the rno\·enlent.

XC\\' York sncif'tv women haye suh­scrib"ti :;;0,000 to st;irt a co-oper",h·e shop k,r tlH~ striking i.lflies· t<lilors. The fash­ionable women in New York will he in a sense p~,rtners in this enterprise. The ':an­c..lt:rbilts, the Sioanes, the Astors. the Duers and scures of others whose names are s\·n­ollymous with great wealth and social prest!!,'e will be the patronesses of this shnp ; in f<let, kind of silent partners. The tailors ran against their first snag when the': \\"(,l!t to bu\· cloth. Presidt'nt Schim­mick, Secretary-Treasurer Topstatt and Peter Cain went to the two principal woolen 11I)uses in New York to see what t('rms the\' could make. They were told th"t til(' hnns could not self to the co­or{;rati~·c shop. The" reason was ~iven fr .. nkiv. The firms said that the trade of the fashionable tailors ha dn~ shops in and ncar Firth a\·enuc is worth more to tbp.n, than that of the men who are now on strike, and the v could not ha\·e hoth. .• This docs not trouble us;' said President Shilllllliek. "\V e can buv cloth of big retail hUlIses who also do a wholesale business."

, i

6

OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE

NATIONAL BROTHERHOOD OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS

PUBLISHED MONTHLY.

H. W. SHERMAN, Publisher and Editor, 731 Powers Bldg., Roo,hester, N. Y.

Entered at the Post·Office at Rochester, N, Y., as second class ma,ler.

EXECUTIVE BOARD.

Graud Pre,Went-I. H. Maloney, 451 W. Conltress Sl., Chicago, Ill.

Grand Secretary-H. W. Sherman, 731 Powers Bldg., Rochester, N. Y.

Grand Treasurer-P. H. Wis.jng"r. 74' W. Faydte SI" Baltimore, Md.

Plrst Vice·President-Rugene Rush, 536 Ellis St., Sau Franci.co, Cal.

Second Vice-President-Theodore Gould, 11 Wareham St., Boston, Mass.

Third Vice-President-C. H. Adams, 328 North 7th St., Kansas City, Kan.

Fourth Vice· President-Thomas Forbes, 1104 Thirteeuth St" Detroit, Mich.

E;ifth Vicoo-President-S, M. Ket-le, 28,6 Rutger St , St, Lonis, Mo.

Subscription $1.00 per year, in advance.,

As The Electrical Worker rooaches the mt;D who do thoo work and recommend or order the material, its value as &n~dvertising moodium can be readily appreciatw.

ROCHESTER, N. Yo, NOVEMBER, 1898.

\V. N. Gates, Special Advertising Agent, 29 Euclid A"enl1e, Cleveland, O.

TO FINANCIAl, SECRETARIES.

'I'here has cOllie to our notice recently cases of gross neglect on the part of some of the secretaries-cases where they have failed to remit per capita tax. If some of these brothers wOllld stop and consider what they are doing we are sure they would do different. There is an insurance feuture connected with this Brotherhood, as they well know. They are also aware a brother must be in good standing in order for his legal heirs to get the money. Now, if a hrotber stands good on the local books and no per capita has been sent in to the gen­eral office for three months, the brother is not in good standing and is deprind .of the benefit. It is a very disagreeable task to write back to a secretary amI ~ay the claim cau not be allowed, but duty stands suprelllc with us, and we can not let our' sympathy on:rcome the duty we owe the Brotherhood. There is another clause in the Constitution that ~ay5 any local two months in arreal's is not entitled to death benefits. These clauses will be followed

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

to the letter, a.ld we hope the members of iocais wiiI see that tho;; per ('.apita, is fCllt in, to avoid trouble. In ~hOl't, Filfa~~ia! Sec­retaries, do your du:y.

l:'.f' IS YOUR PAPr;a.

The fact th.lt the Ek-<:tricd '\Vorker is the organ of the Brotherh,xl{]. of Ekl'trical 'Vorkers as a whole, SllOl\id llot blind brothers to the fact that. it is alw the organ of c;ach and every meml)er; that commu­nications need not' necessarily be r.o!lfined to pre,;s secrdariesof thc l~al;;;, ils col­UtflllS are open to all.

It sOlJJetimes seems to us that .this fact is not so fully appreciateu as it sh~)U1d be, and no greater encouragement ':',mes to its editor than in receh'illg communications from, individual member:; of )o.:als. It is not that the practice of makin~ it Hie duty of U;e prefs secret;:ry of a lOCHl ~~, ':O:lIInu­nicaie regularly ~!itb the WorKcr i,; the less binding;' thednty goes whhout say­ing; but there is no reason why b<lividual members shOUld not ·avnil them!'ch'cs of t111:: benefit'of its '~C.1U!ullS as \',',~JI.

Then there is a ·:bit <:f selfishness, per­haps, on HIe p:irt {.f the 0'. S.. Na'.;irally, hc desin~s th~l the Worker sh()t~i.dreach a high gmde i)l t.he f:eld of e'!pctr!ct<l jour­l1aEsn~, and be ~lt.1~t find" hi:. n.lj~es all long thc members ()f th(l!rotllerho0<l'."

There ca!l 1:~e 11(; qnestioll [! ',:,;;i,t the ad­"antage of a ir:3.11k int('rch:!ng'" oi vi .. "ws 011 electrical subjects ill t.he .... \·orke.:-, on the ].l<lrt of its mau~- readers. Evt:ry mall has some expenence which wonld be of "alue to every other ma1j':lliu it does n(/ take much time' nor' trout)ie to form'.lh;te that experience ill a, letter to tilc: 'Worker. Matters como;:. np ill cn~!'y-day ex?e;-ience which wOllle] t.c 9f il1tO:I'est, not only to members of the Brotherhood, but to many others, who };a\'e ,come' to' be co')stalit readers of your journal.

The fact that,the electrical workers form a very important f .. ctor in the indl:stry, must not be ,1cst,Jo, ':sight, 'j'!ley ha\-e op-. portunitits for obseT\'ation ll<lt fu·.md in the t~dlJ1ical, laboratClies. ~o matter what brandl. Elf tlie ill(1'lstry ml!y occupy your time,·'),Du:'"are 5ilre to Q!)Sf;f\'e phe-1l0merHl whiclt 'are ne·w, 'or stnmble onto problems which 'pu?zlc' you. If yo ... dis­cover maltE.r5 ,vhichwill interest tl'e 1 cst cf' ~1S. ~~':~(~ ~"O'.1: r/~f.{.~-t ;I~ tr} "1:::..> ""::-.~l."f'!­

If you arc pun!ed. Jet n.;; ua"c[11e conun­drum, and !'ollie of the hrotherc. may be read:.~ "'i~h an a!l~"'''~Cr. 11' !:f) it ".~i!! \",'ork dOl~b1(' tirl.!s, and. we 1',';,11 al1.be th~'better for it. ' .. ,

Rent"lIIher.L1I~.t the r;lectri;:,t1 :W-orker is YO\1l' journal .:t!!d in it y,:;u i.an! "prroprie­tary lulert:6L C UGf.::- u,~r iJy-j;:·_·.~~:, it:: irn­

II1cdj~te numa!!t"mel\~ is pla"ed in the lIRl1~:;'; of th~ CT. ~~_. H.~lCl pn)"l::-;ioB i~ ai:-=;o Jt1ad~ for COll1111Uui6tivns "by press SC'CTC­

tal'ies. Th:lt is \,.'f.'H. a" ? l>.l..ttl(·T of order,

[November

but all the same its columns are your eol­umns. Do 110t be afraid of your views be­ing criticised; you will be given as m-(lch space as you desire to get back at the other fellow by way of r~joillder; and there is nothing which adds spice to our humdrum life, like a bit of spirited. good natured' controversy. In the columns of the Elec­trical \\'orker all men are equal, and we trust that we shall have many communica­tions 011 subjects of interest.

TESI,A'S I,ATESr XD:£A.

Mr. Nikola Tesla, the celebrated Hun­garian electrician, is credited, with still another startling discovery in the way of high potential transmission. It is an­nounced, in the daily press, that he'has a plan by which electricity will he generated at hitherto ulldreamed of polt:ntials and amperage, at natural sources of power, and transmitted to any part of ,the world, where it call be utilizeu for all practical purposes. If the announcement lwrl gone no further, it would have been sufikiently surpnslIIg. If he had merely ~olved the problem of long distallce transn~i~sion by any ordinary circuit, fur instance, trans­mitting currcnt generated at ~iagara I;'alls so that it could compete with steam in New York city, it would ha,'e been 3,

triumph which would fittingly round (Jut the preSl,nt celltury of progress.

However, accordiug to the announce-, ment, l\lt', T<:51a has more than fu1fiilerl the, wildest dreams of enthusiasts in the matter of 10llg di!,tance transmission, alld llurc

poses to accomplish the result without the intervention of nllgar copper wires. In other wonls he will take the energy i)f a waterfall, transmit it into electricity and, ueliver it in any part of the earth, without wires. As outlined he purpose!' to anchor a balloon reaching to a rarified strata of air fi vc mileil above sea level and tlJence tralls-_ mH it through this portion .of the nni"erse to similar balloons situated where desirable, thl15 bringing it back to earth all~ utilizing it for the"many purposes to which electri5> ity is applied. _

An electrician who has .. levoted an averagp. lifetime to the art, and who has been vcry successful in his endeavors on . electri.;alli,ne5, once said to the \\'riter:

"I 110 longer say that anything in the line of electricity is impossible; if a man shol11<1 come into this laboratory and tell us that he had all electrical device by which he could stanu 011 a t.runk, take hold of the handles, and carry the tmllk and himself oyer to the Central station, I shouid not condu.de that he was a luuati'c. but wouid ask to see his diagrams."

From this point of view, it is perhaps 1Iot \\'i~e to pronounce slIap jmlg11lcnt 011

1\11'. Tcsla's latest im'ention, which at first hlush, seems more impossiLle lhan the propo!"itioll to sta\ld on a chest :md lift it

Nove~ber]

by means of its handles. At the same lime it would \lot be wise for managers of (:oppel' mines to close down their plauts nor for wire drawers to look about for Qtllcr occupatioll, on the strength of the bare anuouncement of the proposed revo· lution in current transmission. That }Ir. Tesia has accomplished marvels in the way of advancement of the art goes with­(\ut saying; thal he has been engaged up­Qn a great electrical problem, a problem to the solution of which he is tending all his energies. has been frequently stateJ. Notwithstanding" this, one will be excused for 110t taking a very large block of stock 21: 911 aerial transn1ission COlnpally 011 tl1e phm credited to :\lr. Te~la, until he has had an opportunity to look over the blue prints.

In 1892, during the experiments on the Erie canal in the matter of propUlsion of 110ats by dectricity, there was a large gathering of elc:ct1"icians. Among those prese.lt was Nikola Tesla. The tppic of long distance transmission was then upper-1ll0St. At that time :'tir; 'resla said that it was practicai to propel boats on the Erie callal, from Buffalo to Troy, by means of electricity generatcd at Xiagara Falls; that it was perfectly feasible to transmit lhe. Clirrent at a potential of 100,000 "olts with­out s\lfficient loss to j1rcyeut its cOUlmer­cia1 use, the eiltire jell~th of the canal. That was some years ago. To-day it would pm:zle the 1Il0st diligent inquirers to find a plaut which safely and economi­cally transmitted elt"ctricity anything ap­l'machiug that distance with a pressure at the generating plant stepred up to 100,000 volts.

So far as can be learned, the currt!lIt gent!rated at Niagara Fall!' has not been lransmitted further than to the city f.,f Buffalo, a rlistance of twenty-eight miles, and the translIlis;;ion line is only huilt for 2. pressure of 20,O<X> as the limit.

Now, with all due respect for Mr. Tesla <and he is respecteJ and admired hy every­body who is ill any lnH!1Uer connected with the art) would it 1I0t he well to gh'e an 'illustration of tm!l~mittil!g electricity 350 wiles, (the length of the J!;rie canal from Bufialo-to Albany) under <111 iuitial pre~­snre of 100,000 "olts, before asking us to believe that he CRn greatly incre:Jse this pressure, and transmit the current from Niagara to New Chwang. or :Manila, w]th­'Ollt wires?

Aiong in the year>: from 18<)2 to 189.5, the dectrica) journals teemed with ligures ~howillg how electl'idty from Xlag;'Ta could compete wit h cheap coal at !\ew York; but it is understood 'that coal is still' being used to gellel"ate steam and indi­rectly electricity, ill t!!f, Greater City.

It is of comse possible that Mr. Te.sla h,<;; been misquoLcd; that the enormous ~'cope of the power of his ascillator has

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

been increased by the imagiJlatiYe news­paper reporter. A5 has been said, it would seem to' t'e the part of wi,,-dom f01' us to wait, before absorbing this aerial scheme ill its immensity, umil Mr. 1'e51a has made his lliagrams known to the world.

= lIlR. NIClIOI.,I.,'S PAPER.

Considerable space in this month's Worker is de.oted to publishing in full an interesting paper ou the "Chloride Ac­cumulator, read by Mr. Harry A. A. Nicholl, Superintendent of Power of the Rochester Raihvay Company, before the Rochester Acarlemy of Science. It is the first lime Mr. Nicholl's paper has been published in its entirety, and it is well worth study by all pmctical electricians. While the plant described is not compara­tively "ery large, it has some noyel features which Mr. Nicholl brings out very clearly. His description of thc Illechauical COJl­structioJl of the baUery is very complete in detail, and is very instruct)'"'!' while his explanation of the chemical action llIakes many points vcry clear.

The use of the booster as a regulator will be watched with interest, aud the net economy of the use of the outfit in a plant run entirely by steam cannot fail to inter­est street raih·;ay meu. \\'hen once fairly in operation the "allle of the plant wiil be c1er.rly apparent, as it will show at tbe coal pile very quickly.

:!'oIr. Nicholl's paper should be preserved rls a matter of reference by every practical eledrical worker. It contains a llIass of information in detail \\:hich is not readily or conveniently ad:e!>sible. The outfit represents the latest improvements in ac­CUlllulator practice, and the clear manner in which all portions are described makes the paper of unusually practical as well as technical yalue.

:'tIR. JAS. HVRGESS, <1 member of Local 41, Bu!Talo, X. Y., Illls succeeded ill form­ing a local of electrical workers in Toronto, Canada, and our broth:::rs across the water are yery desirous of haying the Brother­hood made international. Let each local oi~cuss this matter tlwTOughly and write articles to this paper, alld exchange ideas on this very illlp~)rtant step. There is only 0/1(:: way this ('an be done Jegally-by ref­erencll1ITI vote. The 1I1"tter was <li~('u"'~ed

ut three different con,-elltions alld failed to go through each time there, for it would not do for the E. B. to olIset the ruling oi cOJ1\·entions. Rut our Brotherhood could be 11Iade international by referf'ndulll vote, or the locals in Canuda conld send tlele­Isate., to our next convention. There are so Jl\any diHerent opi nions on this very important stt.>p that it should be made a special order of business, and thoroughly discussed by the members .. Other labor organizations have extended the hand of

7

fellowship across the horder and have prof­ited by it. We should be broad in our ideas of unionism, and, remember, the DIan in Canada has the same at stake that we l:ave, and shonld get the same protec­tion. It would not do to have rival labor organizations: they would jeopardize each other's chances of success. But for us all to jvin in one body would be of mutual benefit to all concerned. \\" e hope this will be thoroughly discllssed in the next few months.

\\'F, have a number of able men in our ranks who, if they wish. could furnish ~()llIC valuable Information and suggestions. 'Ihese members are distributed through­out the yariou!' local unions and seem to forget that the colul1lns of the Electrical \\'orker ar':: always open to di~cus~ion of any and all electrical questions, or any odd experiences or items of news that would be iutc·resting reading to our lIIemhe1·S. "-e tlJink a colUl1111 of .. Querie,; and An­swers" would be interesting and instruc­ti\ \C, l<.1'd wish the' brethrell would C01l1-mence throwing them at Uf;. Also, please remember that, although ep.ch local has a press secreta'y, this does not Jebar an y other member frolll cOll1llllmicating with 11S. On :.he cOlltra:-y, we would be pleased to ;h:llT from all.

WHAT S'l'OPPED THE CURRENT.

The Peculiar Seat of a Girl OD the Tele-. ll"raph Wire.

A little 13-ycar-old Pawnee COUllty ,1':311.; 1I1i",,, , Hertha Leonard. has iatcly gh'en the \\. estern t:nion and Postal Tel egraph Com­panies all unlimited amount of trouble ill a most unique and peculiar way. says the Kal\~as Cit\' Times. Bertha's claily duty was to herd and watch a large Jrove ot cattle, whose range was 11e:lr tbe ,,'estern Union and Postal Telegraph line;:.

For somf'time past, Hot inegulal' intervals uuring almost every day, these lilles ab,o­In!.d,· failed to wbrk,. and the. trouble !'eeIJled to be somewhere in the yicillit,' of where this girl ranged her father's cattle, but, tTy as lile line repairers would, it could 110t be defillitely located. Fil1ally it was discoyered that Bertha, in order to get a hetter view of the IJerd, had dri,'en rail­road spikt:s into a telegraph pole. so that she could climb it, and that slJe would, whenever she got weary watching the cat­tle fruJIl the ground, climb the pole, pull up a board by means oi a cord. place it across the wires. seat herself on the board and speno all hour or two w(ltching the herd from her uniquely imprm'i5ed e1e­,'akd stUL!OIl. "'helle"er the hoard han­pcne<l to be c1alllp or wet, and the £reC]\1e~t ra~lls t!lis year iJa,'e kept the hoard wet most all the time, it destroyed the electric current and practically cut off allteh;graph cOllllllunic.:tioll between Denver and Kan­~a!\ (.:ity.

"'hen di,;co"ererl and informed of tbe dal1l:(g-e she wa,; doing to the business of tin: t ... jt'~~"Jlh lines Bertha was ;;reatly sur­prised. a!1(l was apparently lIUerly ignor­:Lnt of the fact that her seat on t he wires intcrfel'ed ill the slightest degree with the working of the lines.

8

I,ocal Union No. I.

St. Louis, Mo., Oct. 10, 18<)8. Editor Electrical Worker:

Labor Day was more generally observed in St. Louis this year than ever before. Nearly all places of business closed and it was recognized as one of ,the leading holi­days of the year. We had two large parades-the B. T. C. in the forenoon and the C. T. and L. U. in the' aftemoon. The electrical workers marched with the B. T. C. and attracted much attention, both on account or"the number of men in line (400 striking linemen marched with No. I) and tIle "flont" which headed their column. The float was without doubt the finest e\'er seen in St. Louis, a city famous for floats. The float was ,6 ft. long by 8 ft. wide; divided into two sections. The front sec­tion represented a complete electric light plant in operation, and the rear section a telepho~e exchange: Poles were placed at each corner of the float, extending 7 ft. above the roof, making the total height of the. poles about 17 ft. Each pole had a 4-pin' cross arm, on which were strung telephone alld electric light circuits. The

... station" con~ained a 5 H. P. gasoline engine, furnished by N. K. Fairbanks; storage batteries and a decorati ve arc lam p, furnished by the Manhattan Electric Co.; a marblf~ switchboard, with all station in­struments, furnished by C. F. Briner (this swilc11board has since been installed ill one of the large river boats); bells, annun­ciator and electric' It. brackets, furnished by the Frank Adam Elect. Co.; a 50-light dynamo, furnished by the Ecli pse Elec. Co. The Imperial Electric Light and Power Co. fur-nished all material used in the construction and .wiring of the float. The .. exchange" contained a $500.00 switchboard fumished, by E. Rubel; also an artistic combination electrolier and ceil­ing fan, furuished by Van 'Wort Dros. The St. Louis Electrical Supply Co. and Wm. Murdock fumished supplies. In fact we had enough offered to build a dozen floats. No. 1 extends thanks to the" elec­trical fraternity" of St. Louis for the favors exteuded on -Labor Day, and hope that the cordial relations existing between the union and the Exchange will long continue.

Judging by the amount of space used in the August 'Vorker, "Electron" must li~,~e stepped on someonc's corns. Our only apology is that people sho\ll~ not have corns.

The battle is 105t. The greatest strike e\'er undertaken by a \Inion of electrical workers has ended ill defeat. NO.3 made a heroic fight, but was starved into submis­sion. FOlll' hundred as hran' men as e\'er

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

faced an enem:; had to give up a fight that should have ended h. victory. Trusts, corporative power, ar:d other e!!en~ies of organized labor call rejoke, amI tighten th~ thumb-screws, They have wrupped the linemen of 81. Louts, who .. lse can they not whip? Had No, -; ,,'''II,. it wonld rnc .. n not only $:;,o<} per <lay iII St. Louis. but in time $3.1-':) per day in every large city in the U. S. Did the- "E.B. and the elc"ctrical workers in other' cities realize thig? 'lie gt."I1eral managers did; and there was a constant C0l11111Unlcation be­tween the general managers of the differ­ent cities. They knew full well, that a vic ton' for the men in 5t. Loui£, would be fol1o\\:ed In- like demands and victories ill otllt:r citie;. They couid afford to spend thOU5r.l1ds of doHars to defeat the lil:emen of 5t. LOlli!", . . Early in the fi~ht Grand Pre.sident J. H.

l\Ialo11~Y 'came t~' St. 1.0uis s'ld did :;11 that mortal 'cou1d, to will the fight; but the sinews of war were lackin~.. The com­panieg, aware of tIii!', 'mew that ,it would only be a matter of time when the men wf);l!d be breed to throw' up' the fight. Had the tl1';:!1 received financial aid from the Brotherhood. instead> of recording a htnniliating "defeat, we' \'.:~uld ha"e the p;easure of writing al.out olle of the great­est \;ctories organized la11('r had eyer won. 'Vhe.u the sixth week of tIle ~trike closed the tie-up ~vas complete .. The Laclede, the :\'lissomi-Edi>-on and the Kil110ch did not h::we a man at v.-ork, ~nd th~ Bell 'l'e'lephone had only a few trouble men and OIle foreUian who 'h:,d 110t come out. Vp to this time lIot.8. break had <Y.:curred in tlie ranks. But six\','eeks isa long time for 400 mel! to be ,dtbollt money and the companies knew their coildition, for in this strike as in'e'ver .. · .strike. they know every­thing that occt;rs. This w~s the critical point .of the strib~, Had th,. $400.00 asked for by Gral~d Pres. Maloney been forthcoming' and the companies knew that the union was backed up by the' ~ational Brotberhood, and that the men could not iJe stan'ed i.i-ltO submi5sion, U',ey would have gi\·en the 1-:;.00 within two days. The' first break occurred' at the lI!issouri­Edison early in the s(>venth week, when Jno. McGmm, Dick Harris, L, Baldwin, Frank Kelly, Frailk ~;1aher, Joe Aoer, Joe Edwalds and Cila;;. Adiileman went to "',"':(\Tk. Tbc. ("oT;11:-any !l~~~ c:!1:~~{!1.y junlped. into .. priflt " with the statement that the gtTike was broken, alld to cllrry the bluff still further elll plv~'",d auvut 101) Thiel detedj"e~, s'.>l1le'of these were rigged out as iil1em"n c.lId .put 0:; ~he WH~~(JIIS. But the COl111xtny could 'il1a~~e no he::dway, and at the end or the se,'f:nth we(';' -,,:ould ha\'e compromise(1 Oli :'2, is per r.~y. Hut while th;!i prOp0~;tjOt! ·,,:a5 !J,::i:lg cont.':ilered, the cGndition of ~he !>trikel's hf'l":!m:: <;nch that it was ne.:~~~ary to solicit ai,! from bnsi­I1t$S' iner.. The COOl!,>:'ll}" kll~:';\, that this

[November

was the last stage in a strike, a:i1d at the beginning of the eighth week absolutely refused to treat with the union' .. Another break occurred and there was nothing left to do but to declare the strike off uncon-' ditionally which was done at the end·of the eighi.l~ week, and thus ended a strike which could have made the N. B. E. W. of A. something more than a name.

Several 'of O)lr unions responded ,gen­erously to the appeal of NO.3. No. J,

although its treasury was deplete on ac­count of its own strike, gave $142.50. ~o.

9 sent $100.00. \\'e are unable to give'Hle amounts sent in by other unions tbis month, but a full statement will be p\tb­lished in the next issue.

At the request of NO.3 we send in the followi ng list of .. scabs," and trust that they will be posted in a conspicuous place in e\'erv meeting hall; also that the editor will k;ep the list stailding, ill the \\-orker for seyeral nlonths. The list not only in­cludes linemen, but also contains the names' of troublemen, cablelnen, ground­men, trimmers, in~ide telephone men alld underground men, who did W()1'k. outside of their regular duties, wbich·w!!'S:"tormerly done by linemen. An asterisk (-*) before a name indicates that the !'Cab wus a mem­ber of the union. '\'e 'wi.1l· have some comments to make on several names 011 this list next month; also on .se\'eral fea­hues of the strike, which the length. of this letter prevents us from making, this month. Grand Pres. Maloney made a host of friends while in St. Louis, andakheug4 the strike was lost, all felt that l;e did"his duty nobly, and both NO.3 and No. Lex­tended him a hearty vote of thanks on tbe eve of bis departure frolJ) the city. '

No. I continues to flourish. 'Ye have scarcely bad an idle lllan since our strike was settled, and during No. 3's strike our business agent was able to, place all -of their men (about 25) who could do inside Wlflllg. The Imperial Eiec. Lt. and Power Co. will t~rn 011 the " juice "about ,the 15t1l of this month. We will giv.ea little " write up" of their plant and the system of distribution used. at some fuhlre time.

ELECTRON, Press Secy. of No, I.

SCABS. MISSOURI-F.DISON .•

*JllO. McGann, ;:'L. Bald"'in, "Cbas. Addleman, *Joe Edwards, «'joe Aber, Geo. McLaughlin, Fred Schantz, Jack McCune, Dill Kelly, Lee Casavant, Fwuk Widoe, Jas. :'IIurphy, Rube Smith,

"'Frank Kelly, 7iDick Harris, "'Harry Murphy, "Frank Maher, *Walter Baldwin, Harry Swarthing, Tom ,,'atts, Jim Carr, Tony Burkle, Frank Burns,

_ Tim Murphy, Chas. Pipes, Del. Scott.

lIEJ.L TEI.EPHONE.

Chas. Phillips, DilJ O'Dell, Geo. John5011 (scabby)~oab Macla!lJore,

November]

Frilnk G()CllS, ~ I ... l-Ill11, +'}'like CunninglJr.llI, Jim Breen, ·~':ha~. Johnsoa, Fred Obermiller, I"rank Hlof.vcrstraw, Bill Gillin, Jack Carson, Andy Gamhle, F.d. 'Warentine, AI. 'Hayslip, Grant Frey, Johll Hall, \\'to. McCl(lskey, John Simons, TIm Ogle, John Eiker, Bill Dadrlson, David Da'ddson, Jl1o. (Raltiy) Haml,le, \\'111. Ingstrom, J IlO. (lice kery ) Darrah "Dick Lewis, Henry Casey, Perry 1\1anion, 'VtlI. Tallen, JIIO. Dare.

K1NI.OCH '1'El .. CO.

Ed. Holman, Frank Tuniel', Henry Hisserich, "'Ill. Stewn.rt,

I"rank Lewin, Adolph l\Ieyer, A. Dock, Emest DellnisOIl.

Local Union No. 3. St. Lonis, ]\10., Oct. 17, IS9!:;'

Editor Electrical Worker: The accompanying preamUle and resolu­

tion~ hrwe been ullanimouslyadopted vy Electrical Workers' l'l!ioll ::-io. 3, of St. ,Louis, a'ld 1 am instrncted by said uuion to transmi\ the saUle to yon and request that you take similar action.

The question of mnnicipal ownership has become the forcmost question in muny of the great nl11nicipalities ill the Cniled Stales, and is lini"ersally demanded uy all wh9 desire to S(;C lIillllicipul gOyerlllllcnt wrestt'd froUl the control of boodlers, {'Qr­rnpticnists and tax dodgers, who now make:: municipal politics in all onr great cities 2,

synonym for all that is vicious and (kgra­ding.

Trusting that your organization ,~ill take favorable action in this illlportant niatter, 1 am, Fraten:ally yours,

GEQ. A. l\lITCHELI .. , Secretary.

"'hereas, The bn~iness of furni~hi ng light to the peoplt', the means of comlllunica­tion between citizens, aud mell1(ld" of transit ill JIluuil:ipalities, such as tele­phones am1 stn:E:t raih"ays, are p11blic fUllclions, which ought to ve owned, con­tl'olle(l and operated by the people collet'­ti',ely for the public cOI1\'ellieucc, puhlic good and cOJllmon venetit; and

Whereas, 'rhe problem of the puhlic owner!>};il' of pubhc utililies, is one iuti­mately a~sllciate(1 with, not only the prop­el'ly right allll interests of the people, but with the mest'fI·a1.ion of, their dearest rights and illJert.ie<;: and

Whereas, Thc llJl1nicipal ownership ami operation of lighting and water plal1is and Slreet railways has proven a great lJC:Jletit to the citizt:lls of those lJ1unicipalities where it has hec:n miopled, ill sc,'uriug more etllciellt Stl·,'in: lo the puvlic, mill higher wagt:s for thos" employed ill ~uch puhlic works; tht:rdo!'c,

Resoh'cd, By N. D. of E. \V. No. ;:,. of the Citv of l.oui;., that it favors the Imtni­cipal o'wner~hip of the t:lt!ctdc a Ill) gas­ltght plants, telephom:5 and stn>et-railw:1Y i;y~tt:IIlS, .uul its Illembt:r,s herehy pledge thcUlsein:~ tQ liSt! all reasonable and prop­er meallS to hri ng ahout that end.

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

Local Union NO.5. i'jttsUi.:tr"g, Pa., .>rov. 7, 189S.

Editor Electrit~al \Vorker: As this is lily 1irst attempt to act in the

capacity of spok<:sman for Cocal Xo. 5, I trust 1 ~hall be able to tell ill a plaiu way her workings, and hope tlle same lllay be of interest to the Brotherhood.

\Vell, the Knights TClllplar Conclave has come ami gone and "Old Smokey City" has done herself proud ill a record tbat will, with a few exceptions, be hard to duplicate. As there 1I1ight have be<:n a!J improvement in the combination of colors on the arch work, which, while very pretty, could have been more so by working out the designs (the cros~es) in color~d lamps. The Lnion callie in for a liberal share of the honor, as the displays on the Masonic 1'C1l1 pIe, the Press and \\'. H. Keech were ill cllarge of Bro. George 1\1. Rudolph, our pre~i(lent, alld olher brothers. "The Leader" had a large cross and crown done in white and red lamps. This was in charge of Bro. Park. In the Park Office building Bro. Snydel' exercist:u his cUllning in the (icc orators art, and in the window of tbe Glasco \\'oolen 1\lills Bro. Albert Eldridge had 1l very neat design, a l\Ialtese cross, with smaller de­signs in mil1atnre lamp,; inside, and others which lime and space prevent onr gil'ing al this time. There is a way some p~ople of business have in gaini'ug honor and name at the cxpellse oi others, and on one parlic,ular display for the Weyman Bros., ~\'hicll was two lnrge .-'\merican flags, jXl2

feet, 011 either side of a circle of seyenty­five white lumps lOet at six-inch cenlers, and inside was the ... rade mark of a bony hand of a skeleton in frosted lamps COUl­

illg from a slee,'e in green lamps. In the fingt:rs were held'a pail' of scales in yeilow lamps; in the right side was a pipe in ruby lamps, and the Iefl was a crown ill salile color. The flags were operated hy two motors ill the rear with cOl1lmu;atory switch, The design had i II all 1,483 lamps. It appeared in the Electrical \\'orld thal the Doubleday-Hill Electric Company had completed the .same, but the work was done by two Cuion men at lJnion wages, and thereby hangs the tale '; unt cnough of hlow and fuss.

Our Luion is in good running ordel', and she says tlit' subject is labor and capilal. As through this world 1 wClld my 'way, \\,ilh ~cal1t to eat and little pay, I o[ten think of the lot of man, Que to ride ill a coach, tl.e ollier to grind

lhe bran.

And lhe olle in the coach is a crnel mall, And what of the other who ground the

kan? h he honest' and worthy of what he g-ets In the shop all day as he toiling swcats?

, Are his dreallls as swed as the other mall? Find this out if you can.

It sure is this that added gold Is wisery two-fold?

He lies awake for fear of the thief;

9

The olher one, poor, sleeps on with relief. Hut as the years they come and the years

they go, Nothing dse will this one Insn know. But the poor man feels as he goes to rest That he's not a care, foriudeed he is blest; But how in the end will the balances

weigh, \\'hel1 nature has resolved their frames to

clay? Which li"ed and enjoyed his life the best? Or which of the twain was the one most

blest? You'll find it,the poor man, Or the one who ground the bran. And what of the Bible in words plain and

true Thal .. Heaven's rich" number few. So don't you see; I think you can, 'fhat the happiest after all was the one

who ground the brau. Sincerely yours,

J. H. STOl'FFER, Press Sec'y.

Local Uni9n No.6. San Francisco, Ca1., Oct. 9, 1898.

Editor Electrical \\'·::-rke:r: Having becn clec!d, LO fill tlJe office of

Press Secretary, it heing left vacant by the dt-parture of our worthy brother B. F. Col­lins, fo. Oregon, some weeks ngo, 1 shall cndea:vor to discharge the duties of said office to the best of my ability, tr\1stil1g that the charitahle spirit which must ill­habit sOllle corner of the heart of the aver­age electrical worker will cause them to receil't' this, my initial nltt'n'pt, in the spirit in which it is written.

Our lucal has done some good work since its O1'ganizatioll, and since Ollr affiliation with the Building Trades CO::il:<.:il of this city much has been accomplished. \\'e have veen instrumental in z{'curing the

'appointment of a business agent, whose especial work it is to im'estigate all cases where union men have been wl'onl{ed hI any manner hy contractors nr employen;, vr have been made to suffer by the employ­ment of lion-union labor. 'fhis is a long step in thE' right direction, and the writer hopes, .with all the membe,rs of uur local, that within a short space of time we can number within our ranks all men for whom we ha\'e suflicient respect to ask to become n1t'!11vers of our order.

If the 1I!emuers of the electrical frater­llity (I do not mean the Brotherhood alone, hut a1l electrical workers, im;ifle and ont) cuuld only realize the power which is tbeirs, and which wuuld enahlc tlIt'lII to control their own destinit's, were it ouly properly wielded, what a ",;haking up" thcre would be in some quarters of the gklbe, and how many I'.'orthy men would

10

receh·e their just deserts, instead of hav­ing to'VI·ork for a mere pittance under men whose ignorance of their business makes them a laughing stock for the men. they pretend to be superior to.

The time is coming-, though, wben· the growing intelligence of the men who fol­low our business will enable them to ask for and receive the position in life which is due them, and by the firm and moderate assertion of their rights, command the re­spect which has been denied them thus far.

My attention was, only yesterday, called to a ruatter which, if not·" nipped in the bud," bids fair to become a growing evil. A contractor of this city has been doing a great many jobs, and has lately been ena­bled to greatly underbid all competing contractors. 'Vben I found out how he could do this in these days of close compe­tition, 1 was somewhat surprised. You have no doubt heard, brothers, of these (so-called) .. Schools of Electricity," etc.; where for a small sum boys are taught II electrical engineering," and turned forth upon a long-suffering world in which they can command the princely salary of about f,6 per week (or le!'s). This contractor ev­idently knew how to tUnt this to his own advantage; and believing that he had missed 1.Iis vocatirm of professor, he kindly volunteered to allow as many of the young students as wished to work for him' 'rough­ing in" and "finishing" jobs, providing they paid their own car fare and. did not demand any pay for their labor, the vast amount of experience gained being, in his eyes, ample compensation for their toil.

My brother members of No. 6 are not aware of this state of affairs as yet, but will be after 'Vednesday next, when we meet, for, joking aside, each one of these boys keeps a man out of work, and work in our business is very dull just now, and only yesterday I exchanged words ·with two men·-good nlen-, and both married, too, who were really rendered desperate by their failure to secure work. Again, such a contractor as this discourages legitimate concerns which, when they bave shaved their bids as close as they dare. find they are still -too high, get disgusted and layoff their men, tInls throwing more out of work.

In my next letter I will inform you what action our local has taken and what result said action bad. Tbis man has set the ex­

. ample, and others will not be slow to fol­low; they never are, when the cutting down of a workingman's chance to live is concerned.

Our members are nearly all working, althO\~gh some are not working full time. 'fJle writer and Bro. Hilton have heen busy for some time past re\\;ring the Baldwin Theatre ill this city and putting in new dimmers, switchhoard. etc. \Ve contem~ plate gidng a smoker· in the near future to revive outside interest in the ~. B:, the

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

Sl,l:Ce~S of which is 1JTc-assured. alTdnge­mf·l1ts ha\'i:1g- bee-n placed in the hands of Sl<.ch vete-rall cutert3inclt'. a~ TIr:..s. AI. Wbitfit:ld. and Jack Cameroll.

\VeIl, I Sl:ppose I have alrt'JOtriy cO!lSllmed more than the allorted amount of space, so with man)" "I':isi!c'l for the ;mcc{'~,s (If all b!"otn"'!rs,. ",-11');n I hope to so!'}\.': cl$1~~ ~ee in the prosperity they oeserVl', I remAin,

Fraternally, \VM:. A. BARSTOW,

Press Sec!"etary.

Local Union No.8. Toledo, 0., Oct. :?5, 1898.

E(litor Electrical \Vorkel": Well, brothe!"s, I will have to get in the

gam~ and dona:e a few li]ll::' this month for the Worker. Will start t·he game with a home rUll. It is somcthing 1111U::ual for 'foledc. to hay .. more work tlmn we can hannie, .but it is Co fact; c:l!mot get er.ough mell . for ·tl:e cont~ac:lc-rs-jo'trneymen, I should say. Hope all 0111" unions can say the sallie. I will aiso add, our hi,siness is very fluctuating; tilt· m~h Ulay last a cuuple

. of Ulonlhs, or.·it may last ou1y OIlC 1110nth. Here's hopiHg" for the best.· We expeCt to

. baye . enough work for. ail 01.:.1' . locaL, put together when WeCOtlllllCIICe to wire for the' Centenl!ial. \\'hat? yc.u h~\"e not l.elol1·d about it. \\'cll, I \\i1l tell you in a very few liues.· T.oledo was selected:.s the proper place to hold the Ohio Centennial. (1 6'1'~SS that v:iil h01(t us fvr awhile.) I wiIi also add that De'sf::: was selected to open the Cemellnia!. It remains to be seen whether he will ot1iciate or ]10t. All tbis happens in I903! Ii. is a few years ahead of time to write ahout it, b,lt we have a .b:rd'~eye Yiew of wo,k at some fu­ture date.

As my magnetiC pull with the pen is Ycry strong, I will have to pull it from the paper and draw to a c1o~e. .

Y G<lCS fraternally, J. J. DeCK, Press Secretary. ----

Local Union NO.9. ChiC'ago, l'<ov. 7; yS98.

Edi~or Electrical Worker: NO.9 is still·oll eal·tb fl.rid ha!:1 gut a kick

to register. In the last iS51le 'If onr Worker is ali Hrtic1e h:.:aded .1 ~l:":t.jo!"i~y P.ule." It was quite a mystery who the article re­ferred to nut·il the· party rcierred to gave an expl.anatio:l. The my~;tery cr it llOW is Vdl~; the \Yf':" ~r c.f it Y";,lS t~llll\\·ec Sptl,"=e in O1!r ofticial j-:1urnal to air h~s personal gri~v&lIce~. l\"ews must ue very ~(:arce

vlha:H tl1cre is nothing to \\', itt.! ~l;,)nt ex­cept· thO;! ~(mdul"t ef tl'e omc")",, of the Brot!lt.!rhood ~'.nd iJ!. the- 0:~::,.'.~iai o~'g'at1 of til" Brotherhood at t.hat. Our rorhlitution contcins rul\:..s to' gO·~·ern tIle l;Jertll!ers of the l~:1.1 iOllat Brothethood. ~:ld pru\'itl~s a penalty lor ;my ",elution ofthr·1lJ, iii) if any

[November

member of t1.le Brotherhood has violated any article or section of the constitution, Article xxix, Section I, v. ii1 tell very plainly what to do, and the constitution applies to all, from the highest officer to the mqst humble member. The writer of this article says, •• It is not the purpose to open any old sores." We must infer from that that there has been trouble before between members of the E. B. NO.9 is ill possession of a letter written by a member of the E. B. in'which he severely criticizes actions of another member of t11e E. B. When NO.9 appointed and sent a delegate to the last national convention he was sent to help appoint a set of officers that would obey the coustitution and use every effort withi·n their power to better the condition of the Brotherhood, and not to quarrel arid· oppose each other to the detriment of the Brotherhood, and we still hop" his time was well spent. If pe;sonalities n1Ust be discussed, let it be outside of the lodge halls and the \Vorker, and better still do not discuss them at all, for the average member of a labor organization has ellollgh trouble getting along with their employers without quarreling arllongst themsel\"!~s, and I do not think such incidents as the past two will help to strengthen the Brotherhood or increase the fraternal feel-· ing that now exists among the memhers.

\\' ell, that Jlluch talked of dance of 0111"5

was held last Saturday evenin·g, and was a success in e\·ery respect, thanks to the good management of the arrangement committee. \\'e had everything (0 drink and eat that could he desil"ed and did not leave until the wee small hours in tlu~ morning, and everybody went llOlIle well satisfied.

Bro. James Collins is 011 the sick list again, but as he is rapidly recO\·ering we hope to see him around SOOI1. Bro. John Conger is out of the hospital but it will be some time before he will be able to work again. Bro. Peterson was badly hurt last week by being thrown from the top of a tower car.

J. E. POLING, Press Secretary. -------

Local Union No. zo. Indianapolis, Ind., Nov. 8, 189~.

Editor Electrical Worker: Here are a few lines from old No. 10.

Because we have missed the last two Ilum­bers is no reason that we have quit business and thrown away our tools. No, sir, a~d if you could drop in some ::\londay evening you would wonder why so Dlany are COlll­

ing into our ranks. Allow me to ~ay we have taken on new life and are hustling, and at the present rate it cannot be long before the trade of Indianapolis and sur­rounding towns will be in line with our liners and electrical workers. Our charter has been reopened, and the way Ollr goat

Novt!n~b(;r ]

is kept at work would make a fellow smile and woueler if there was no end to the procession. All classes of the trade in the city are DOW represented at our meetings, and applications are coming in at a very encouraging rate. J~ is our aim to extelld an invitation to all of the trade in the city. and we belie\'c that we will be able to place No. JO aUiong the first of the local unions. 1'wo weeks ago we had the pleasure of having our Grand President with us, and were favored by a very IH.:lp­ful and encouraging addn;ss from hill'.. \Ve had an open meeting 'and were re­warded by a large crowd that listened Lo some yery able sp~ecbes. The door" wlll be open every other meeting night. 1'10n­day evening, ~o\'eUlber 14th, will be an open meeting. All are im'lted to these meetings. \Ve will haye able and inter­esting speakers on each occasion. Come:

In conclusion let me add that one of, 01'

perhaps "the" grandest enterprise t!'mt has' come to this city since we have knowll it is tlle new'TelepiJone Company. The management of the company seems lv be pel'fect. Their oue aim and object seems to be to employ the best of labor and ,lave the very best work done possible, and ill that way erect a complete and model tele­phone exchange. They are succeeding, aud it will not be a great many I11onth~ be­fore this \\;11 be a succes~ful and extensive exchange, both local and long distance, alld we, to a mall, join ill wishing them success beyolld. all their expectations.

should this reach you in time it will be enough for the next iss\le of the \\'orker, and I hope to be a I'egular correspondent in the future.

Respectfully yours, E. E. BAl:"!AN~,

Press Sec.

~ocal Union No. 7.7. Detroit, Mich., ~ov. 6, 1898.

Editor Electrical Worker: As the night is dark and chil1y, and the

dreary drizzle of the rain on the roof warlls me that the street comer would not be a cheery place, I will stay in and jot down a few items for Editor Sherman to puhlish.

\\'e11 , brothers mine, I hardly know what to '\\·rit.(' about this month as nothing of especial importance has happened, with the exception of the collapse of the new 'Vonderland Imiio1ing which you ha\'e un­doubtedly all reat! about in the papers. If it kid happel:eu a few clays later, after the wiring of the huilding had commenced, No. 17 would probably 11a\'e had sc\'eral members killed, fo:' it was to be a strictly union wiring joL, There were twch'e mecha.nics of other tmdes killed.

\\'e recei\'ed a cOllllllunication last meet­ing night asking for sOllie \Il1ion linemen; but we couhl not furnish them, for I am happy to state that every man is wOl'king

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

here that carries tb'e Electricai 'Workers, card, Olat badge of aecent wages a.nd <le­cent tr~'ttIl1e!!t, according to :.h,~ .-\merican standa:-d,

Bro. Cassin has T('tumed from Chicago, w!Jere he spent a few days. He says that ~o. 9 has the grandest set of union m~l1 he ever met, and th::tt be was used like a prince. He wishes me to thank them, through the Journal, for their truly frater­nal treatment.

We are going to give a ball and grand electrical display soon. The committee says it will be the greatest hit of the season. I, myself, was more in favor of giving a good smoker among ourselvcs ; ;.I1 fact I got up and lIlade a talk to that effect, but the other members arose and sat on me uanimousl y. so the ball " goes." I hope it will be a success. Watch fOT the date, aud cowe and join in the festivi­ties.

The new wiring o~di!lallce gotten up by No. 17 passed the common council, was sigued by the mayor, and is now a law, and a good one too. There was strong opposi­tion to it frolll the lighting plant people who claimed the old onlillance was good enough, hut when Bro. Tho;l\as Forbes and George BrowlI pointed out where the old law had holes in it big enough to drive a brewery wagun through, why the new law was passed with a whoop.

Bro. Edward Andrews 'went south to help supedndent the instaiiing of the new tele­phone exchange in ~c\\' Orleans; but when he got there they had a shot gun quaran­tine around the city, aHu he could not get in. He had to COllIe north again but he said he was going back as soon as the yel­low fever was stamped out. \Ye hope Ko. 4 will use hiw right, for he is a brother we esteem very high1y.

The Detroit Telephone Co., with whom we have a union agreement, report busi­ness as flourishing. Bro. Frank Hughes is superintendent. He is a practical man, hadng worked at the business for years. He is not like some of these fellows who come out of college and put on eye-glasses· and try to manage a p1'lnt out of books. They can conjugate n.:rbs, decline n!>ulls (seldom tIecline drinks) and they can talk theory till the cows <xlme home; but when it comes to doing something, the practical man is wanted.

There is a certain pompous lighting com­missioner in Detroit, who, I understand, ofIereu the editor of the Scntind, the labor paper of our city, twenty-five dollars to nen)' somethillgthat No. 17 had gil'en out. How true it is I dou't kilO\\', hut I do know that Editor Samuel ~rarcus is a lIIall that C[lIl\lot be bought. ~ow this ;.ame ("Jl!I'

Jt\i~sioner has tried to tell No. Ii its busi, ness before. During the strike he was op­pusl;fl to us and he seems to know wbat we want Letter than we do ourselves. \\'hat

I I

we really wallt, is, a good husky man who will give bonds to kick him clear over into·< P"~,ey county, Indiana, the next time he opens his big "bazoo" about organized labor. He will probably be shown this letter, but that "cuts no frozen water" with me.

E\'erythillg is progressing finely; No. 17 has a conler lot on easy street. Our mem­bership is increasing steadily , old prejudices are giving way to organization's irresisti­Lle march. Uniouism has a better show than ill times past I think. Look at Go\'. Talluer's stand for the union miners fol'in­stance. Of conrse we all think of good times in years past, but you know the heart always casts a glamour over days that are dead, and I maintain that union­ism'm:ver had more power, 01' union men more respect than at present.

Brothers, I will close by saying, stand up for your rights, not only as unioll men, hut also as citizens of this coun~ry. Ever), right we have to·clay was fought for. f;very rrivilege you and I enjoy. represents our father's blood and our !Jlolher's tears. Let us be worthy sons of our shoes.

DAN E. ELLSWORTH, ______ P_re_s_s_Secl'etary.

~ocal Union No. 9.6. ',\'ashingtoll, D. C, Nov. 4, 189S.

Editor Electrical \\' ol'ker: Hm ing been elecLetI P. S. last meeli 1\;':,

I win el1lleayer to help fill the columns of thcWorker. .

\York here at present is favorable and has been for SOUle time.

1',ow a few lines in regard to Local 26. Whcn tIl(: undersigned came to \\'ashillg­ton ahout one year ago, 26 was in a flour­ishing condition, weekly l!I(;(.fings, gO<1d attendance, every mall a \Inion III an , every &hop a union shop., Eu", ala,,! How tIle mighty are fallen! Local 26 has bit the dust. Few union men, no union shops. few mcetings, no attendance, plenty of bills to p~y, nothing to pety witb! Why should all thes~ tl.ings happen? Because the·hoys seem to have lost all interest in ende~t\'ori ng to better their condition. The few who manage to hold :16 together oft­times hear repeated by some of her o]rl tillle ardent workers, that the unica is 11~ good, what's the llse of paying 60 cents n. month for lIothin?-" why don't you do tbis and why dOl;'~ YOI1 tIo that, and I often wonder why they don't come around and do a little themselves. Of cOllrse the world is full of Sl1ch people. I think the only method to regain them is by treating tht:11I with due resp~ct as .there is nothing­to l'ain hy scorn. \\'e11 I hope hefore the issl1t· of the next \Yorker that all the 0111-: iTll!'!:·s \\,ill he in line awl OIl<;C 1110re have their slwt:lders to the wheel, for as a se\'cre winter has been preliil'teil, naturally the wheel will not turn as ea,;iIy as of yore.

O'CO);~ELL, Press Secreta.')·.

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~cal Union No •. 27. Baltimore, Md., ~ov. 4, 18c)8.

Editor Electrical Worker: A few weeks ago the Ninth U. S. Cav­

alry pas£ed through this city O\'er the B. & O. R. R.· When the train stopped for dinner at Camden Station Col. McGregor, the commander of the regiment, ordered a detail of four troopers to be placed on the engine to prevent it from being moved, while his lordship, the colonel, proceeded leisurely to the depot restaurant for his dinner. ,

The officers of the roaduppealed to him to allow them to move the train off the main track as it 1;llocked the entrance to the Belt Line Tunnel (through which all traffic between Philadelphia and Wabing­tOll must pass) aud practically made a single track road of the entire system, but he waived them aside in distain and would . r.ot listen to them. One hour and fifteen minutes after, his lordship proceeded leisurely to board his train and then graciously allowed tbem to move out of the way. Such an exhibition of despotic authority is hard to realize but Col. Mc­Gregor has the distinction of being the

. only man that ever got the best of the B. & O. R. R., and the citizens of the state should present him with an engrossed set of resolutions and a gold mounted sword.

Seriously spea"king, Mr. Editor, suppose this had been done by some poor devils who were on a strike against starvation wages, \Vllat a howl would have gone up from one end of the country to the other? How the capitalistic press would have de­nounced them as anarchists, as conspha­tors \\ hose sole aim was the destruction of society. The militia would have been called out and those men, if not shot down, would have been thrown in prison while all the resources of the government and the courts WOUld' hm'e been. placed at the service of the railroad company to -crush them. Now if an army officer with a regiment of soldiers at his back acts this way towards a big corporation, what treat­ment would a workingman receive who bappened to cross their path.

This is an illustration of what we can expect when we get that large standing army that everybody seems to be crying for. And then take the case of two lieu­tenants "ith the army in Honolulu who, while on a drunken frolic, placed the town under martial law, chased everybody off·· the . streets and terrorized the people for several hours .. The officers in question were afterwards tried by court martial, hut as {)ne of ~hem was a sou·of the general m comnland of the troops there, they were of coursc acquitted of the charge,

Another illustration of all officer of the quartennaster's department in Porto Rico the other day who, when the meu elll-· ployed in unloading ,'esse Is refused to

TH E ELECTRICAL WORKER

work, Lt:cause their wag"s hnd becn cut from $1 to 75 cents per tiay, callerl out the trGOl1S, ronnc."d up the labc,H;rs like a herd of cattle, shot and stabbf!fl those ..... lto at­tempted to escape ane. ma.a.e them all go to work at the point of the b..'lyond. If suell thiIlgS are aliowed in our new posses­sions, how long will it he before the same game is tried right here at home?

For years all the great corporations and trusts, ill tilde ellc:.eavoT'; to keep down the wOlking classes, have been preaching' up the necessity of having a large standing army. 'fhe craze for di~tant possessions which seems to have taken hold ~f this government to the exclusi~'11 oI:all com­mon sense anG a total disregard of t1Ie honesty of purpose of tlJe ~\ll1eTica!1 peo­ple, gi,-e these ·same corporations the op­portunity they ha\'e he en looking for for years, the chance of ha\;ng a lalge stand­ing army, knowing that the inhabitants of those- hlands caunot be kept ill suhjection unless there is a powerful militat}' force on hand at all times. It is al~o a part of the scheme of these same peo!",ie to·place the entire national guard llnder th~ ·oniers of thegon~rnU1ellt, a~ all armv ·officer ex­·pressed himself Ute other - dal- "the national gl1;!Td !lIust not again b~' placed at the disposal of men like Altgeid or Tanner,"

It is time fo~·. the laborill~ peOple of this cocntry to clill a halt on the well laid l,lans of the bond holders and nWl1t'Y cj!l~se-s, for just as sure as we have a· large standing army placed l1uner the order!' cf "ome des­pot 01' tool oi Ule corpomtions in \\"ash-11lgt011, just so sure ~win tlie rights and liberties of the people oe taken from them one. by one avl dmmhead courts martial take the place of the civil law. Owing to the gross incOilipefency and criminal neg­ligence of a large majority -of the po~itical favorites who have been givcli commis­sions in the army, the pcople wil1 :lOt be as wHling to elJlist ill the st'n;ce in the futurc as they lIun: been ill the p::.st. It will be but a step then to a general con­script iaw. such as they ha'.'e in Russia, Germany, France, etc. "Gnder tnese con­ditions wherf' ·win our anciem liberties be, of which we lt2.\'e boasted for a· hundred years and more? ·'V}lat will become of our labor unions which, with all their faults, have done ';0 much for the working people of t.his coulltry? These questions will have to ue met a:ld solved by the peo­ple (l.lId by t heln. a lone a uti ar. the)' ~ow the WiHd they ,viii certainly reap tbe whirl-wind. F. H_ Rt:SSF.LJ"

PreS~i Seer etary. ----------I"oeal Union No. 30.

Cincinnati, 0., No\'. 7, 1898.

Editl'r Electrical \\'orker: r tJJOugltt perhap;, a few lines to the

'Vorker frow this Sherlil:tn and Clf':\-elsnd-

[November

ized l~]ity might interest our brothers in otber localities where the Marcus _0\. Hanna and Wm. McKinley prosperity has stmck them a little stronger than it did us he.e in Cincinnati. '~le still Ih-e ill hopes, brit I am satisfied that we will die in despair if we depend upon and wait for the gllglish gold system to hring it here. ..

All the members of Local ~o. 30 are working at the present writing. There is no telling how long it will continue in this rut_ There is one thing! wish to c:tll the attention of the melllbers of Local ~o, 3t !

to, and that is their indifference in attend­ing the me~tings, and especially the insirle men, that is, what few we ha\-e got .)f them, who are especially benefite(1 above the out&ide men (linemen) by IIm'jng rep­resentative in tlie Bl\ildin~ Trades Coun­cil. If you remember, we got into that organization by the skin of our teeth. Take my ad\-ice and attend the meetings or' the Brotherhood, so that we can give the hoys that represent Local Ko. 30 in the Building Trades Council some encour­agement to hold that berth. You know when we lose that berth, we lose a big hold for the inside men, Of cOl'lrse it isn't doing the boys much good at pre~ellt, ·but ,,-ill in the future, If you don't do better than you have in the past, Local :\0_:;0 will haveto hand up its charter and I know that there will be a few brothers who will go el~ewhere to pay their dues_ Life is too short to he fretted away in hehalf of people who are so indifferent to their own interests.

:1\ow I hope the brothers will take a little more interest in atteliding their meetings hereafter ami encourage the members who have worked so faithfully in their behalf.

WHISKERS, -------I..ocal Union No. 35.

Boston, illass" ~ov, i; 1R98. Editor Electrical Worker:

Local 35 110Ids interesting lJIeetings every \\'edllesday evening and has all \O\'er· increasing membership, The Lorn Elect. Co. signed our contract a few week~ :>_;,{O

and almost all the men iu their fCmploy went into our local. We hope the oti1 er electrical houses here will . fall in line, They will have to come to it in·time, as things are coming our way, l'deetilJgs Inst some evenings until 12 o'clock and· after, and business seems of such importance that in time we will have to 11a\'e two meetings per week. I notice lately there are a few of the old timers not attending· regularly. There is 110 need of nte!ltioning nantes, Those who read the \\'orkcr and do not attend can ·lake it to thcin~(-I\"es_ Once in a while they come around and hold 115 back in transacting our husiness ia regular form, appealing from the decision of our old pal, Mikc, and they ought to quit, \Ve all know he does. the best he

Novel~ber]

call for the interest of Local 35, but ali Dlembers ill good standing haye that au­thority, while Hoyle states no others ce.n Dlix ill while an appeal is called for. I received a few letters from brothers of rlif­fp.rent locals Ollt west, applying for work in Bostoll. \\"ell, there are lots of reports from our members, ,;tatiTlg where men are wanted, but no steady work, so I would not ad\'ise any hrothers to come east look­ing for work, although at times there are some good jobs. \\"e received an a1'I,lic(1-ti(,11 frolll Supt. Cottle, of COl1stmClion Dept., city of Doston, wanti:ng a first-class man. "'e reco!Umended Bro. Buckley. lIuvt:l1'l !H,;uxd yet ,,·llctlic,- he gllt the-reo. He was employed there before. Say Cot­tle, send for sOllle 11lore. There: was a vacallcy ill the firc alarm department, and we appointed a n)mmittee to wait 011 the Commissioner, Kl1"sell. They reported that he will write Local 35 when he wishcs to employ an eiectl"ical worker, so y"e are waiting to hear from him. Seyeral phllts are going in at sulmrLan towns and also an electric railway. 'Ye can't compbill about work here. Next meetiug there win be talk of :getting togcther and a1Ta;t~ing to have our annual ball, which we take great interest in, especially for the pleas­ure, not to say lluything about the finan­cial part. Our treasurer, Bro. Sheahan, has been on the sick list, but is reported to be O. K. after a few weeks of abr-ence. Everything else going all right.

T. R. MELVILI.E, Press Secretary.

~ocal Union No. 37. Hartford, Conn., Nov. 10, 1598.

Editor Electrical Worker: November 9th has been here ~nu de­

parted, lind Ko. 37'5 chief annual dance and display is a thing of the past. On that evening the members assembled, with their wi\'es, si\'eethearts and friends, to participate ill the celebration.

Our electrical dispL'l)' was sil1lply im­mense. The lights were all colored red, white and LIne. For our main attractions we lJad an electrical fountain, the design of our worthy Vice-president Dannstaedt. The fonntain was a reproduction of the one whicll attracted so Ull1clt attention at the \Vodd's Fair, challed the "Sheaf of ""heat." \Ve al~o had a large st?r in­scribed in a circle about seven feet in diam­eter. 'l'het'e were ISo lights in thc !:'tar, and it was hung in place of a large chan­delier in the center of the hall. :\illlost thp. first thing to· strike the eye upon elltering the haIL room was a large sign hiduing all "\'\ elcolJle." Opposite tltis alld sllspeJ1(!ed on:r the stage was the emblem of our :-;at~l)lIal Brotherhood. On eaell ,i(le of the fOl1ntain was placed on an (>asel a star wili! "hom tlfiy lamps ill each .. Ovcr this allel 5uspf:l1ded from the curtain

TlIE ELECTRICAL WORKER

border were tll:; 1 ~tters ~. 1<. E. "... 011 each sill~ of lht:: : ( \\9 elcolH e ~ I sign ,,-n:; placed ~'n anchor and a st~r. Di.~ec::.ly

o\'c, th:.: "\Velcome" wus a small pole and cr'.)"."-urm <:lx~>ped with bunting. On top of i i,(, poic w~.:~ perched ~n \!f. g;e j,.,id­ing an incandescent lamp in his beak. The ~uccp.;:s of the ball i~ due largely to the efforts of Br;). Darms .. aedt and his assistallls 011 the di~play COllllllittee.

After an enjop-'bJe COilcert the graml march was formed. President F. H. P.oherts, witll :VIiss Lane, led the march. followed by F. \\'. Dannstaerlt and wife, '''tn. H. (;rawle) ami :VIi;;s Putnam, Wm. B. :\1::10)" :l11d l\1is~ Tryon, 1\1. P. SuUh'an mod wife and about two hundred othel' couples. The grallrl. lll:1rch was one of the 11I0St interesting events of the evening. Afte~ a promenade around the hall the letters !\. H. E. 'V. were formed, and you can imagine how prelty it loo:~ed.

We wish to extt't!d our thanks to all who a~sisted to make the dance a success. lIoping that we will all be together for our next, and hoping to see more nSlllllg brothers on that occasion, 1'11 close my weary eyes.

W. B. ·MALOY, R. S.

Local Union No. 38. Clc\'elam!, 0., :-;0\'. 8, 18<)8.

I~ditor Electrical \I'orkcr: The time ha~ ~rriyed for another letter

from No. 38. Tl:(~ past month has been a red hot one. \\'e have increaseu our cir­cuit fifteen lIew lights this month, and the writer holds in \Iis possession two $J.fI.OO

applications. The faise went into effcct on Nov. 1St. The members are all taking a good deal of interest in ·the work at present.

The linemen 113ve started out ill good shape with the Home Telephone Co. The joL is "no cani, no work." But the new arrival has the choice of coming to the front and paying his $10.00. If he does not, well, 1\1r. Editor, he has to pass on to some other job. Our hrothers who haye come from Nos. 56, IO anti 3 ha\'e all clear cards. Th~ old timer, when he COlllel; along for a job. gellPrally finds things pretty good after he ha<; shown his card amongst the boys. So .all tra\'elas com­ing this way be plcpured to show your trnyeling cRrel. so there will he no harn feelings toward Local No. 38 and its meIll­bers.

liro. Sam Harris ha~ re~llrned frolll Ham" ilton, Ohio, where hL has had charge of a street car job. BIOS. Harris, Gilmore, Ho:;well, Ste"ens, who also hall out gang:.; on the sam", joh, call1,,, back aho. 'I'h" general outlook for linework this \\inter·i!; very good.

At present all lhe wire fixers are work­ilig, that is, all our members who foliow thc oubitle hr:lI1ch of the b\i!'iJle:,~. The

13

inside men have quite a little work on at pre~et\t. They are all doing something. The f:111 trade is picking up. The trade lor the past month has been fair with them. They have had no big jobs this summer of any account. They look for a gooet winter and all prospects at present indicak that trade will he good. The shop men in the 'Valker Co. employ 5tate that things are fair with them. They are all working at present. They ne\'er know what it is to lose any time. They work all night and day at times and then they are airaid to come over town anti attend our mee:;ngs. But now if a member fails to att(>ud one meeting in a month he is fined $1.00 'Ve excuse him on tllese condi­tion.:;,: •. Out of town, sickness or working nights." The new rule has a good effect Oil them.

The members of Local !\o. 80 gave a successful card party· on the 29th of la~t ll1('lltll. There were about twenty mem­bers from I.ocal Nc. 3~ prE>sent. The mel1:iJe.s of Le·cal Xu. 80 :lrc good cnt~r­taiuers and the d;,itillg lnothers froUl No. 3S sp(>ak highly of the cOlllllliltee on ar­rangements.

The press ~ecretar) of Lo,~al No. So Itas not 5('nt allY letters to the '\"orker, but I was tvid that they w(.'uld eontrihute oue this ll~O\lt It.

Saw <I uotic., ill last mouth's \\'orker thal Hr!). ehas. E. Taylor, of LocP.I 41, Buffall", reccin:d i:tjuries while at work, of a paillhll 11:.ture. Bro. Taylor and my­self ha\'e caUle up the pik.e together Oll differcHt joi)s. I hope thc iujuries' hi: re­ceiYe'l 'l.n: 110t as serious as was rep~lr-.. <:,1.. Let uJ1 brothers be on the lookuut for Lhp. bursti:tg of an incande5cen t la1l1 p, a!> they wight losc their eyesight :))" tit,:: om·sting of one.

TIle time for our allnual dance has arrived. 'Vi11 give dt,:dlea account in my next lelter.

\\'ell, !Vir. Editor, so.nl<! of aur radical men have got lost. They all disappeared. ''lie can not find them. They work ill strictly union shops, but they can 110t find time to come to the meetings and pay tl1dr dues until they get a hot letter from our filiallciai secretary.. Mr. Editor, there is where they show their failing. In fact, they 5il<.,uld keep In the frollt more titan they do. tiut tltey always have tite excuse that they are busy.

\\' oui.,l like to see a few more letters fn:t: ,~ifferent local;, in tite Worker. Let >1:. hiln: some news. Brothers, look at tlte last quarterly report frol\l headquarters. Tlte T'!port is grand. \Ye made a goo,l sc.!e.:~ioli in Ollr Gn:w, S~eret:J.r:,·. Our re­ceijJti' and cash \~a h:l!;,I has increased O\'cr fi\'e time:; the former !lmonnt. X ow, brothers, take a hand and boom your local, get ia s.)me new tilllbcr am! let the sistcr unions k!low that you are of SOUle aCcvl\lll,

14

and rank up with the large organizations. There is no reason why the Brotherhood 'should not double its membersrup this coming year. The way No. 38 is growing she will soon reach the 200 mark. Let Qtbers try and stir the people in their towns up. Get out amongst the fellow electrical workers aUd get them in line, and just as soon as you can, get the majority of your trade organized. Then you can go to the front for an increase in wages. There is no reason why an elec­trical w{lrker should not receive the high­est wages paid. Do they? No; the reason is this, they have not realized the condi­tion of things and have not stood together. But I hope they will realize the fact before long.

GEO. H. GLEASON, Press Secretary.

~ocal Union No. 40. St. Joseph, Mo., Nov. 7, I&j8.

Editor Electrical Worker.

As the time has rolled around for the monthly report for the 'Vorker, the P. S. eould give a few stray members a }\Brd rub, but as he is not in fighting trim for this issue will have to lay it over till the next.

The Hanamo Telephone Co. has asked the city council for right of way through this city; its lines extend from points in northwest Missouri, and it is trying to reach the Stock 'Yards. Its present term­inus is with the CiLizen's Tel. Co. The Street Railway Co. is putting a new steel roof over its power house and, when fin­ished, the building will be fire proof. Other e,,-tensive improvements on their lines and ·tracks keep the brothers tmployed there Qn the jump most of tbe time.

Ex-Bro. Smith was misquoted ill the Oc­tober \\'orker, for in looking up past r~cords we find he received but $10 sick benefits, and. stand corrected in this re­gard. Heretofore the ex-brother was one Qf our worthy members in good standing, and 1 don't see why he ,should object to paying 'his little mite of monthly dues to­'wards 'organized labor, which is a 'benefit to any laboring man, even if there is 110

sick benefits, for he reaps the same benefits as the rest of the brothers who pay dues to keep the union in existence. Tbere never was a case where a member in need or his family in want that the brothers of No. 4Q didn't contribute libtrallY and always wm do so.

Ex-Bro. Snodgrass paid us a visit and stated he was ready for adjustmtnt and will be one of the repaired lights of the circuit.

""e had some hrothers visit us from Omaha and Desl\Ioines locals,now with the }'ostal Telegraph Co., last meeting night. The way they made one of their gang who was initiated ride his royal nibs was a prt­caution. \Ve have three more members'

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

frem the ~:ame gang for initiatjoll and hope the brothers ",:Jl be Oil illlnd to gi"e us a lift when they present thtmselves.

Bro. Gtlrt(J!I, engineer at the City Elec­tric Light plant, i:ad the mis!ortt;ne to lose his little son Glen, !l proUlising lad of 4 years, "'htl died Octoher 17th. The Bro. ha!': our ('ond(J1 ence a lid s)'1Il pathy.

All h~oO,p.r~ slh,'a11l ':t':mc!j1her that the boycott is still on the popuitl,r Crawford theater al!d !'bould not aisgrace themselves by passing through its doors. Also re­member to attend meeting!': e\'ery Friday night. Bro, )Iottor, om- delegate te the labor cnl1ncil, who is 0\; th~ legislative cOlll1l1ittee of that body was p&uring the hot stuff into tllem at (}n~ of t!.Jci.r meet­ing-s, and is the right uta .. in that capacity. Nothing like remembering the enemies of labor on the day of the tJattle of ballots. Its the workil~eman's Oll!Y redress,

" j6, H

'Press Secretary. -------Local Union No. 44.

Rochester, Nov. 8, .898, Editor Eltetricel \Vork('r:

It has been some time since our local was hea.:d fr~)q1. Bro. Graham resigned, ,I was elected in his plac:e, 'and I forgot to senfl {l I~tler last momll, but I hope the brothers will overlook it this time, for I will try and make up ~il the flltUl'e,'

',\-ell, brothers, 1 am g!a(l to Nl)" that we 31: h[tve oeen q'uitc husy tht 1~5t two mOl;th5, allli I hepe the broth(~rs wili have lots of work all winter.

Local 1.:1110n 44 will hold their al:l1ua1 ball on Xonmlber :!!st, and 'I','e are ail busy with our (;1~ctriC<ll di£phy, which I hope will be secoilQ to non; cve~ seen in Roch­ester.

\Ve had olle 'of our hrothers ill St. ylary's hospital with a b,ok('u limb, l'.1ld J tell YOI1, hrothers, it is a sael t hill~ to be COIU­

pelled to stn.y in bed. 1 hope t 1le brothers will bear in mind jf oae of our brothers should have the misfortune to ht sick to pay him a "j"it every chance yon get, for it will. be, like a ray of 511 nshine or. a cloudy day, aud I wish to iUlpre';'!;\lpolltht~ h~oth­ers' niind their financic1 respOl:sibilities. Now, brothers, 'yon will bear me cut when I silY lIlat your object in joinillg the X. B. E. \V. ,;:as for th,e benefits which 'you re­ceive, and how can you expect aPy bene­fits if you dOIl't ket::p up yeur £nal1eial pP.-Tt j) Tn In:" n!,~!';('n "'.~nlbr:,.~ 0ueht to

pay their d'nes in arlV.'lllct: instead of being two cr three nJnnths ill urrears, for it costs no more at thee:1d l,f thc year. It i,;; had busine!'s nw.nagcmel1t to negkc'- your dl1<:5, and !lop" the b;'ot~lf':rs will hear in mind [,nG. pay t~lelll pf(.mp~ly at the end

. of each month. It j .. fo~ your wife's and chi!urcn's benefit to do !-:(I.

J will c1o~,e '.\'lth hesc wh:hes to alL J L. GUEP.IXOT.

Pre3s Sec.

[November

~cal Union No. 46. Lowell, Mass., Oct. 28.

Editor Electrical ''''orker : Another month has goue and it is time

to report to the Worker. Well, all our boys are working; as Bro. Murphy says, When he is working e\'erybody is working. Inside'work has iwproved somewhat, but

, it will not last long, for there is not UlIlC!J

building going 011 here. Outside work is going on in the same old'rut; tbe difif:f"cnt companies are getting along with as little help as possible. Our inside workers are going to make a mo\'e to hetter their con­dition, which I expect will come out fa,'or­able, as to all accounts they are going about it the right way.

\\'el1, I must say Xo. 46 is having her own troubles. There a-re a class of men in t1lis quarter you could not unionize under all)' circumstances; these ar~ the fellows who want to stand in with the "boss':' and who \\-111 carry tales concerning their fellow-workers and try to promote their own seifish interests by teat;ng dowt. the character of their fellow,worl,ingmen. They think by, carrying to their "cl!lployers the alleged wrong-doings of SOllJ~<.Ine ttle)' are e1e,'ating thelllstlves in the cyes of the former, and will he rewarded by prOlTlO­tion fOT their ',' fidelity" lo them. WiJiie the bosses ha,'e nothing but contempt for these traitors, tItey often encourage this 50rt of treachery, and the poor ddufjed dupe goes on cutting the throats of his fellow-workmen, little dreaming tbat !Ie will reach the end of his own rope some tillle and hang himself. Such l~len are held in contempt both by employer and employee. A ulan wbo can not be true to his fellow-workmen can not long be loyal to his employer, and his employer knows it as well as anyone; therefore he is about the first one to be dropped from the rolls. Xo\\', it takes years to perfect a goud or­ganization, therefore it is the duty of e"ery worktr to keep ,steadily on. Every cent spent towards your union goes to ele,'ate the lives of those you lllustlean: behind you some day. I never regretted for not having a card as I did some six years ago when 1 was on the road in Dakota, I was in a' side-door ,Pullman with thrce tin­workers. They all showerl their cards, while I hit the ground and had to make thl" best of it on the trucks.

'fhe electrical workers are getting to look like coal shovelers; they dUll't get time to wash up once a ,,'eek, and ii things ket::p on a few years more coal shuveling will be the best job of the two, ,

Two of our brothers returned honle with the Sixth RegiUlent last night, froln Porto Rico. Bro. PaLte; ~o)n, who joined Cuptain Clark's Signal Corps, in Jloston, is eajoy­ing a 6o-days' furlough. \\'e han: a com­mittee out preparilig a recf:p~i(Jn and smoke-talk for our returtll"d brothers and soldiers. Fraternallv vour;;,

J:RARRETT. Press Sec'y.

November] THE ELECTRTCAL WORKER ======================

Local Union No. 56.

Erie, Pa.', Nov. 5, 189~. Editor Electrical Worker:

Oh,1 am so glad it is time to transfer some more of my intelligence to our valu­able paper. 1 am a little tired this even­ing, as 1 have been climbing some of those good hard chestnut poles to-day and as I t~ok off my weapons when I qnit work 1 wished that 1 never would see any l!Iore chestnut poles or anything like them. But wishing did no good, for the first thing I saw when I got home was a quart of chestnuts for my supper. But 1 ate them all as 1 was afraid somebody might plant them and raise some more chestnut poles.

Brother Maloy, of No. 31, wants to have somebody prove that two equals one. 'Ve ha\'e got one that will equal six and ile isn't a year old yet. But he is all right aIHI wants to joi n 56.

011 yes, the wire fixers are all working. Bros. Hart and Hick are still fixing wires at 'Yarrcn, Pa. The Mutual Phone Com­pany have got the right of way trouble settled and are going to COlli plete their line frolIi Erie to Grand.

\\'aterford, Pa., a tOW11 of about 500 folks is putting in an electric light plant. They expect to have 14 street arc lamps :!nd over 300 inca!ldescents. Bros. Kistner and Miller weilt" down and helpcd to set the" sticks.

Fifty-six is very glad to learn that llro. -----has got a job in a good union town aud sees" the need of a card. \\' c hope he will always remcmber this and 110t forget his dues until it becomes a case of " have to."

It isn't a velY good idea to think that a good job is a life time pension. The best of summers fall and seek a warm place for wiuter.

"The weather here is' absorbing some moisture and it makes the country roads a little had. I was out" the other day "with a two-horse power rig and the resistance of the wads was so heavy that I had to re­wind my horse power about every 16 feet, and at last I had t.o cut olle horse power out and jump to the fields to get home. I don't expect any lIIore trouhle of this killd as I llllderstand that the thermometer h::.s an agreement with the coal yard to go down and the coal is going up. If such is the case, it will freeze the resistallce out cif the roads. No. 56 is going to give a grand ball, inclllllillg a cake walk, N(.\'. 9, and we" expect a hot till1e~ 'Yell, 1 gne~s I will have to "pnll the plugs on thi~ alHi throw the circuit open until ncxt 1II0r1\ h,. as I have to writ.e to the i\ew York Sun and Cincillnati Enquirer before the dance.

Fraternally yours; L. E. C.

Press Secretary.

Local Union No. 60. San Antoilio, Tex., "Nov. 3, '98,

Editor Electrical 'Vorker:

The"re arc ahout fonr chances to one that the S. "\. St. Ry. Co. wili have another strike 011 hand very soon, for the "poor worm" (motormen ahd conductors) has ahout concluded to turn 011 the foot that crushed it.

The St. Ry. employees of this city have just reorganized theu,seh'es and have sent to the Grand Lodge for a charter, with abont se\'el1ty~five members enrolled on the list. l\Iay their efforts be crowned with success is the earuest prayer of all (lrganized labor in S. A.

The car men in S. A. have been working 18 and 12 hours per day for $1.50 and $1.25 ever since the electric street railway sys­tem has been installed here; they have had three strikes before, but Prcs. "'. H. \\'ciss has always succeeded in breaking up thcir organization. 'Ve hope that with the as­sistance of the organized labor of S. A. that they will be able to hold together this time. They have all to win and notlring to lose, so if the strike does go against them they m'e out l1'Jthing but the poorest kind of a job. The commonest laborer around tOWh receivcs at least $1.25 pe! day, so yOll see the boys do 110t care if, thcy do lose their jobs, as S(lmc of them would be better off, anyway.

'York here in S. A. is gradually decreas­ing, and it keeps a number of the Loys hustling around to make ends meet, my­self among the number.

The girls at the l\1:lVcrick Clark Print­ing Co. say that .. something fell dOWll the elevator shaft;" thc s(lmething spoken of was Bro: Chub, Talcott, who fell one story without receh;ng an injury.

Bro ... Red" Hendricks has been trans­ferred to the position of line repaircr on the west end of the S. P. Ry. Stay with it, Bill, for it is a good thing.

No. 60 had one of their famous .. smok­ers" last Saturday; all present had a good time 3.nd enjoyed tlle entertainment.

The boys would like to know if COIll1olly intends to become a nnion man?

F. '\'., Press Sec·y.

Local Union No. 68. Denver, Col., :Kov. 3, IS9S.

~u.itor Eiectricdl Workt! : This being my first attempt to inf(lrm

the readers of the Electdcal 'Vorke~ of th~ times in Denvcr and the progp~~,; o~ :\0. 68, I can 110t gi\'e a great deal of inlonn<l­ti'JlI, as I transferre.l herc only a ~hort

time ago from :;-;0. 21., Omaha" Previous to coming to Dt'l1\'er was in Phil:ulelphia for 14 months and to 111\' regret there was no locHl there. Philadelphia can SUPPUI"t two locals allfl we should have all the elec-

" trical wOTkcrs tlwre iii our Grand Lodge.

1 5

I uIH:"erstand No. 68 has 110t contributed any news to the 'Vorker for some time.

r c:m ~,ay No. 68 is a wid~-a-wake and prospe,'ous local, we have added a number of n(!w lights to our circuit lately. '\'e havc al~o raised our initiation fee to $10 ami auded one light np to this writing. There is no reason why No. 68 should not be 011,' of the IllOSt prosperol1s locals in the west, as all the present mcmhers are wire­mCll, contractors and apprentices. There are a :lIlmber of linemen who do not be­long. Should they and the trimmers come ill, it would increase our membership grt-<itly. At present we have an honorary memhership of five and all ~pprenticcship of five. There is the best of prospects for Ko. tiS.

'Vorl~ has been more prosperous here this Sllilllller than it has bee II for some time. The Tramway Company has heell rcplaci:lg its old rails with ne,,· 72-pound rails fc.r the past year.

The Cable Company bas been trying to get a franchise to set pcll~;; lIud operate. their hne:; bI electricity, bnt a~ yet they ha\'c heen tinable to get onc. 1 think they may get it next year.

The Denver Dry Goods Compau)' has en­larged its store and put in a new isolated plant_ of 2-60 K. ',". Hnd 1-75 K. ,,'. gen­eml eif"clric 125 H:lt machincs nU! hy direct e(l:lIIected cngi nes l11a. Ie by the Deliver El1gilJeering Company. The dynamos and five panel G. E. switch hoard was also set up hy the Deliver Engi­neering Company. The dynamo Toom is ....ery nice. There is a large plate glass at the cl~\'ator5, forDling a partition which enable:; everyone going into the basement to see the plaat.

The lJuilding has been rewired through­out for 125 A. Po. arc lamps, between 600 and ~'X) incandesccnts, a number of press­ing hOlls and a 30 }' motor fOI the Lamson cash system.

Daniels & Fischer, a wbolc~:lle and re­tail dry goods firm, have made some ex­tensive alterations and put in a new isolated plant of 2.50 K. \\'. amI 135 K. \\' .. 110 volts Sumcus & Holske machines, run by direct connected engine!;. made by Deliver Engineering COntpall)', The machine and four panel switch hoard was set up by Denver Engineering Company. This lhliiding has alsu b(;;C'll rewired thronghout for 2J5 G. E. arc jamps and ahout 1",500 incamlescents. The two oper­ation;; mentioned and numerous other ones haye g-iven all the members work for the past tl~Tee lIIonths. The two large opel'a­Ht.ions lIIentioned aTe a1>out COIll pleted.

j'\ o. fJ~ has changed. its mecti IIg place frolll JiJ2 Curtis street to li3! Arapho i'trcei. l Club building-.j

The :-'early carnival was a SI1CCIOSS.

Thomands of pe(lple came ill frol:! the

16

mountains to see it. The last day was set for masking. There was a great deal of fun for all and everyone enjoyed it. I

< shall have to close the circuit before I over­load it.

How about you No. 22; let's hear from you. M. J. CULLEN,

Press Secretary. -------~ocal Union No. 69.

Dallas, Tex., Oct. 30, '98.

Editor Electrical Worker:

I will try once more to send in a few lines. Sixty-nine is haviI~ a great time; has a crowded (?)hall every meeting night; had as many as eight members present at one time. I met one on the street who said, .. I al11 coming up to-night if 1 can get off." You see him the next day and he says, .. I tried to get down, but my wife 'was sic~;" or, .. 1 met a friend and we

,went to Ule opera house;" or, .. 1 met a friend from '(some other lown) aud 1 had to show him around;" any old thing to "keep away. 1 thlllk there is' one way to tell a union mall, and that is by looking at the roll-call of members. There are some or-our members ,,'110 have missed but two meetings sincc we' organized, and then they were out of town or had something to do which made it impossible for them to come; and three or four others who have been to the meetings twice since we or­ganized. ' Now, 1 think 1 could tell which of them are unton men at 'heart and which are union men for policy's sake. Some of them say, .. \Vhy don't you keep still until YOIl get in the lodge room? People "know as much about our business outside as we do." Now, if a man has got a grievance to bring before his union, he would loo"k nice wending his way up two pairs of stairs, light up, and sit down and talk to himself. You can come nearer getting seven members together on the street than you can in the lodge room. 1 am not much of a man, r guess, but there is one thing about me: If 1 hear anything some fellow said about me, 1 have got nerve enough to go and ask him about it;

. but some of the people in this neck of the woods ltad rather take revenge on the fel­low's wife and children, keep him out of work, and think, .. 1 will fix him." \Vell, I guess that is right (?) If a man has got anything against me, 1 would rather he would come and whip rue and call it set­tled, and not work short-handed to keep me from making a living for my wife and babies. If anybody should happen to read this and don't lik,e it" my address is 143 EmUla street, DaI1as, Tex.:

Lost, strayed or stolen from LocalUnion No. 69, Gus Johnston, H. A. Farington, C. A. Miller, Sam Sherer, Frank Kaseal, 1\'1. P. Breman, Joe O'ConneI1.

Here is some news; it is rather late, bu~ better late than never: Married, at the

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

home of the bIide's parents, at 1'cxarcana, Ark., M:-. A. B. Otis and l\1is~ Lola Hurt.

Some people around here don't like the lett",rs I write, but 1 cal; t:ot help it. 1 got my instructions from L. U. 69, one .night when we hlid a quorum. 'I am go;ng to continue until the 11't of junur.,y, ISgg, unless we have a quomm and they tell me to stop writing them.

Mrs. 1\1. A: Spurgeon wants to kr.ow if tbei"e is anyone who can tell her where her husband is. If they cal;, Jet her know. Her address is 492 Jackson street, Dallas, Tex. W. B. COT.jRT~EY,

Press St>cretary. -------~ocal Union No. 72.

V:aco, Tex., :\ov. 5, l8gS. Editor Electrical \\' orker:

Another l110mh ha!' rolled by and soon auother year. It seems but a few short weeks sillr.e we we.e having Christmas time;'but when we look back ovcr the past ten month!:, and 1I0tc what has been ac­complil?hed by local unions it is something wonderful. 'Tis true they have not had success in every placc, hut we cannot hope to always will and ne\'er ,losc. 1 am very SOrT)' to say the motormen !ost their strike

'here, for they were certainly in the right and they deserved to win fer their good conduct and behador. As long as they tried to get experieilceti men we could hold them off, for no oue ,that was any part of a mall would scab, but they run in a lot of farmcrs and of course $1.50 per day was a fortuue to them. \\'e got them just where we could handle them wh.!!! they shipped in nil1e professional scab!; from St. Louts. SOUle of the'same ones who were sent to Houston during their strike. Of course we could not talk thelll ilJto any­thing. Am sorry to say that some of them got mixed up willi some of the citizens and had to be took off in an ambulance. 'fhe, boys held out two weeks a!1d then gave it up. The company has put back some of the old men and say they will put all on as they come in order.

\Vdl boys;t~le new telephone company is 'still a t!ling of the future. They lJave only till U;e 'first or December t; begin work, tbitik Fkely there is some gas con­tained in Jt. 1'here is a smail light plant under constmction now bllt very little work on" it. Tht: Teh:pho:1e Company started a gang south with two coppers yesterday. \\' e are revainng ar"l getting everything ill shape for the winter. l~very few days there is some lineman through locking for a job, alld on'~ thing I am glad of is most of them have a card.

E. J). ;\h:BROOM, ______ P_!'e_~s ~,iccre:.a;T.

The rleiee-;-:!es of th>:: ;\it'w York Central L<!bor Uni()n, who ha"",lookeri upon Clar­endon hall as a labor lOrtress :-JII,'e 1882, when they first mon:cl illt .. h, ha,,~ cle­cided to mm'e to other quarters on Janu­ary 1St. Tpe union c.harges that the pres­ent "manager empioys non-unic-n walters,

[November

bartenders and musicians, the lattl:!r (orm­ing the orchestra in a music hall ;mnex of the building. '

~------IN A PULLMAN CAR.

It was in a Pulhnan sleeper between Al­ban)' and Ruffalo. Among the passengers were a middie-agcd couple, eyi(lentlyon­their first journey, and a sour· faced ohl­ruaid, who was tra\'eling aIOl1t!. The couple had an upper berth and the co maiden well stricken in years" tht: upper berth in an adjoining section. In the same car were a couple of frolicsome yonths, ready for allY sort of misc1Jid. Bedtime came and ali hands retired. But the hU5-baud could not sleep. \\'helher it was be-' cause of the 1Il0tion of the cars, the tlOise or th.e 1I0\'~lty of the situation, we could not tell; tn' as he \\'onItI he couid not sleep. At length it occurred to him that he was tbirsty. 'j he more he thought of it the more thirsty he got. So he called the porter, who brought the lau(ler aud' helped him down. ::\'ow, whi!e he WitS

gone for the water, Olle of· the .. boys" stepped out of bed and shifted lhe ladder so that it re!lted against the berth in .which the ancient maiden wu!' sleepiilg, amI thl:!l1"

, retumed to his bed to note thl:! resnlt. III a moment or two the husband returned and crept quietly up the steps, anxiou,; to' make as little noise as po~!;ible so its 1Iot to awaken his wife. The occltl'0'tit of· the berth rndeh' intruded on. a""tl1~~'with a start aud a screal11. The Imsbalill suppos­ing it to be his easi!y-ft-ightenerl wif." hied to reassure her, and f>a;d: .. It!' only 1I1e."

co Only YOU, \'ou old scoundrel.' , !'airl the veneral;le' malden. .. I'll teach ,'ou a lesson," and with that she sei7.ed liim oy the hair and screall1ed for help, "

Theil he howled with paiu. Then his wife, awakened bv the noise, discovered where, her husbalid was, and raised her voice iii lamentation, heaping reproadles upon her faithful spouse. Then 'the pas­sengl:!rs all got up and demanded an ex­planation of the cOllllllotion, and iore1!10st among them was the wretch \\:IJ() caused it all. Then the hushand, co\'ered with COIl­fusion, and utterly unable to acco~mt for what he had done; climbed do\\:n from his perch and slunk away to bed, where hI:!' was s011ndly lectured hy his\vife: '

Altogether it was a most uncomfortable, tho11gh ludicrous, situation, and the glances of defiance that were exchanged between the wife alld the old maid all through the next day were a stndy. The cause of all the trouble leaked out, uut it ne\'er reached the ears of those chielly affected by it,

I I I

1

Novem.ber]

.. Thi!> season" said Mayor Quincy of Boston, we introduced a new and import· ant feature in the free baths. \Ve ga \"c free instruction to children. Six swimming instructors \vere employed and between 3,000 and 4,000 children were taught to swim. Our only charge is for towels and lor thc use of a complete bathing suit. 'fh" rate is one cent for towels and five cents for suits. At one hathing place, situated in a part of the city where the poorest people live, we gave suits to men and women without cost, believing that e\'en the low sum of five cents would keep manv from the bath: This policy resulted successfully and will be continued. Two weeks ag:o we opened onr first 'all·the-year-wund hath­ing house.' This cost, with its equipmcnls. $70,000, and it accommodates 1,500 blltbers at a time. Our' a II the-year bath' is free, with the exception of one cent for a towel or one cent lor" SOilp. but these are fur­nished free to sehoul children. This bath­house will lead tn four or fi\'c more in dif­ferent sections of Boston. In connection with the puhlic bath I may add that l3os­ton is conducting a large pllblic illllc.,or gymnasium witb great success, and tiJ'tt \\;e are now building a second one. An­other somewhat novel departurc for a mllnicipality.is our plan of free g:rand con­certs. Tll~m·.last summer we established a camp on dll,island in the harbor for boys who would otherwise have been unahle to o?tain an outing. Kearly 1,000 boys \\"I~re given a week in ramp, and it cost us cllly $2 a boy. \Ve expect to den:lope an im­portant educational feature in connection with the came next year. We hal"<: re­centlv advocated the establishment of a series of free public lectures in school halls similar to th(lse which have heen given in New York city for a number of years_"

An English telephone construction firm is introducing "household" teleplHJ1les in Leicester. "'here an electric-hell ~ys­tem already exists, it is possible by thifi arrRngemel1t to add the telephone service as well without extra wires. It is only necessary to lll1\'c near the hell pu~he~ a telephone set, aud 1H~ar the hell indicator an apparatus of similar appearance, or square base, wilh slightly different inteTllal connections. The belJ indicator and pushes can be used as with only' a hell system, it being easy to denote hy an extra ring when one wishes to communicate with the domestics by telephone.

51.96 BUYS A $3.50 SUiT 1,000 l'I:.I •• :HUA'J'.~D ··SAX1'Wt;.\nO(T" double

~e.t 1l.,1 doub:~ knee. Ht'l;ulttt" f3.50 "tI,I"" 2· ...... Ple(:t' Knf·,..Panl Suitl gOiR§' at 51.95.

·'.t;.:;:.:.r.f: .&. riK\r srn .'Ht;E (ol'any ctth("FL' suits ~ ... !'i; .. :: ~ .. "" . whiCh. don't gh'e satisfactory wear.

;'~;:~}Et. Send Na Money. (;':.~J~~·nt~~ ':.~~ ;;":.: ...... '.~'~ -.tntc .~ ... (;.1' iH'Y tlildtSllY WhCtl.t'-:l' Inr~1 (-1'

~j'!, :~', ;::(Iy ~mD.ll t'Ol' ~~e. alld we will F-cnd you the :,:.: < ':'::?J suit bv .e.'t~lr4~s;':. C.O'~)'! subject to exnmin .. '~w~\-: aUon.)' QU can eXUliline it at your express . ,,', ~.; otlice nnd if (lund perft'ctly satlsfR·:torv

.. \. ~ and equal 1.0 f!Iuits soio in your t.()~l;n for . f:1.60, pay ~'OUl' ~xJlre::!s 8C'Cllt our '}ieelal

Om~)r pril"f', S'.95 .nd f'''I'r''hS~II.f1:f's. 'l'HESE l{NJ.;E·PANT SUITS ard.r

::;:~·~~:'r: !~ t~},~~111~~~!!;i,~Pj~~bl:l~~:1 and knet~s, lah'''& l891» .I,.le t!!' iUustl"iltf."rl. nuuil! from u. special "'f'ar"r'C'fii~il"~, 1& .. 1\,.,. ..

'Weh;bt, ALI .. WOOL Oni.""~11 ('a,,~ihlll·rt". neat... hund::;oDlc lJat-

~~~'. !l~~;i~~r;~lAj ~~r:; O~"i~lt~~ sfi:~t:~~ N:,~~~~\~~fait ~~~; hllor-ruadf IIlrop!:h(Ull~ it ~uit any lH)~' or part'nt wn:1!t.1 lie proud of. .'011 .'UEt tLfr) II S.\]II'U~S or Uo~", ('Inlhinlf; (sut~. o'"ereontJ; or ulst.er.::n. for htl,"3 4 l'U 19 \"l:AltS, write ror S.Dlpl~ Klmk 1\0. title, contitins fu:oohjon plAt.c~ tare meftfturc and fuU instructions bow to oTo~r.

il("lt'. Sulta and 01"('rrnltlfl mad .. '0 ord('r from ,;'.00 up. RamI-,ies ticnt frE"C on npJll1ention. Addrf>i",

S[;ARS, ROEBUCK & CO. (Inc.). Chicago, III. (Sean, l1l'ebQck "Co. Core titwroQlbl,. ftlinble._ll:dllor.'

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

EL'ECTRIC LAWS AND RULES.

TIle knowledge of electricity can i!U

longer he secured by fragments of infor­mation g2thered h:,re and there, put to­gether oil the scrap-book piau and made representatin; of the subject 01 of a par­ticular hranch of information on the con­stantly increasing and ever expanding science of this alre'ldy extensin' subject. Electricity has already become one of the most extensive and complete' of the sciences and its ess~ntial principles are well understood. A knowledge of these principles is the bcst introduction that we can have to the comprehension of the sub­ject. The laws that h;J\'e heen discovered as g-overning the ap~fiicati(ln of these prin­ciples make a comprehension of electrical phenomena comparatively easy.

Electric inform;ition came slowly·; for a number of generatiolls there was no growth of electric knowledge after the first discov­ery that some substances, when rubbed, WOllIn show peculiar properties that ·did Ilot predously exist. such as that 01 attrac­ti(ln of small and light hedies. For want of a specific name for these newly disco\'­eren manifestations the phenomena were calicd by the name of the sub~tance used in producing it, .. electron," whic.h finally became known as e1e('tricity. This namc h<ls continued to the present day.

That two Jissimilar metals were capable of producing an electric current unrler cer­tain r:ircum~tances w::s the next discovery in electricity that was of sufficient note to be IhoTClllghly investigated and the matter reduced to a law. Two dissimilar metals suhjected to weak ch~mkal influence will pmduce an electric current. -

This effect is found, tu a different dc­gree, in the case of-all metals: Production of electricity bysuch means was thoroughly investigated by \' oita, who rcduced the matter to the following law:

"The difference of p0tentia I between any two metals is eqllill to the sum of the differences of potential between the inter­vening substances in the contract-series."

This contract-series is of great· import­ance in primary cells alld battp.ries. which, by the way, are much reduced III useful­ness hy the generation vf current by dyna­mos and the general distribution of electric currents from central stations.

Curn';~ll electricity fr,;l'l1 dyr~a:nos is of such general application that the laws of curr.?nts, and ether thIllgS pertaining to the subject, must, of nece~sity. be well under­siOod by the student c! cl~ctricity who be­comes practically connected with the sub­ject in any of its branches. The laws of electricity, many of thelll, were discovered long before· there was much practical ap­plication made of this useful mecms of dis­tributing and transforming power.

Ampere's laws of electro-dynamic action show that one current· has an influence

17

over ·another current flowing in approxi­mately a parallel direction in separate cnnduct,)TS and that when b(lth currents arc in the same direction there is an at­tractbn between the two conductors even though the two sections ma~' be a part of the S;J!ne conductor, 511ch as we find in coils of c<mductors, similar to those form­ing a p"'rt of a solenoid or electro-magnet; but when twO neighboring conductors are carrying current and the flow of current is in an opposite direction there is then a repul~ion of a strength equal to that of the attraction when both currents arc flowing in th .. same rlirection.

An electro-magnet is a bar of iron about which an insulated conductor is wound; whell t!h~ t:onductor is carryin~ current the iron hecomes magnetic. Magnets have the same attracth'e ami re[1ulsive force UpOl1 one another as that just described ;'s being the effcct of the flow of current in neighboring conductors. The presence of ir(ln incr .. ases the magnetic eff",cts of the currents most greatly, because iron is a much Deller ,;.onductor of the magnetic lines of f(,rce than is air, consequently an insulatedcondut:tor of current, when wound upon an iron core, de\'elop~ a much greater mag-netic effect than th"t due t;1 tIll! flow of current alone. The strength of a mag­I,et depends fully as l1luch upon the Pllri~)' of the if/'n forming· the ::ore ;If. upon the str<.'ngth of th\! currt"~t ".nd the !Iumher of turns of cnnd tl&:tnr 5U1Toulioing the iron.

Every condur:t,x (Clrrying a cllrrent is· surrounded by" fidd of magnetism \yhich forms no integral part of the cllI"rent, yet is always present. This magnetism cannot be insulated hy any known suhstance, in the same way th"t an electric curreat can be insulated and confined to the conductor.

The heating effect is one of the proper­ties of all commercial electric current. It is due to the amount of current flowing and the resistance of the conductor. A great many years ago this cff,..ct (If currents had been carefully investigated and: re­duced to a rule which is represented as CoR; which means that the square of the current in amperes multiplied hy the re­sistance in ohms equals the heatin~ elTect, J, which stands for Joule, the unit of heat­ing e!Tect.

Th .. resistance to the flow of electricity ·oYlti.:;, 13 n:cntioned with tbe above de­scription (If the heating effect (,f current has a unit, called th(' ohm, whilt" the unit of tht- fi0'.'· of current is the ampere and to fcrce ~hi~; current against the resistance the press:.tre Ilcccs'sary is calculated in volts. "hi<.:h is always the product of the curr",l)t in amperes by the resistance in ohms. As these laws were all formulated mure Ihim >,i:.;ty years ago it need not Le surpri$ing thal ~he use of electric curn::nts has made such auyancement in the last fl'.w yt'ars.

18

Evcn as many years ago, Prof. Ohm gave us a law of currents which has stood the test of all the recent developments, remaining to-day as the fundamental law of currents. Ohm's law tells us that the strength of current in any conductor may be ascertained by dividjng the electromo­tive force, in volts, by the resistance of ohms. This law is practically correct for the flow of any kind of electric current in a conductor, but there are sometimes other things to be considered which modify the effect thus obtained, as .. in the case of alternating currents, whi~h pulsate back and forth instead of flowing steadily in one direction.

Electric and magnetic induction are peculiarities for which no satisfactory ex­planation has yet been given, although the principles of both electric and magnetic induction are utilized largely in nearly all, if not quite all, electro magnetic de\'ices. When an electric current is started in one conductor it will produce a momentary current in a neighboring conductor which forms a closed circuit. This.1atter current is called an induced current. Magnetism excited in an elec~ro:magnet will excite magnetism in a neighboring' magnet and the excitation of inag~etism in the core of a magnet will produce a momentary flow of electric current in a closed circuit wound about the' magnet. The result is due to magnetic induction. Another pe­culiar (eature of the matter is that while magnetism will induce current in a Closed conductor the beginning or ending o( the flow of current will induce a momentary flow of current in a neighboring conductor. The flow of electricity will produce mag­netism, changes in the strength of magnet­ism wiU produce electricity in a canductor, while the magnetism of one magnet will induce magnetism in another magnet, there being no physical condition between the different 'circuits, or magnets, or between electric circuits and mag'nets, these effects all _ being due to electric and magnetic induction.

Electric and magnetic induction are due to the magnetic lines of force, which in one case surround the conductor through which currcnt is flowing and in the other case emanate (rom the magnets. As has been explained, there beipg no insulator of these magnetic lines of force they surround' ~he

, conductor or magnet, as the case may be, and strike the neighboring magnet or con­ductor with sufficiet force to produce an . electric .current in the conductor or de­velop . magnetisrri in magnetic metals. Dynamos and motors are machines made to utilize'these principles to the best ad­vantage on a practical scale. Having the magnet, a conductor is wound about a revolving portion of the machine in such a way that the conductor is subjected to thee influence of alternate poles of the magnet

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

or, in another case, the magnet may be reyol\"ed while the coils of conductor re­main stationary.

A permanent magnet might be u~ed in a dynamo or motor and give some results, but as an electro-magnet can be made about twenty times stronger and its strength can be varied to 3!1 t'xtent that will permit -of m3king the m<l{'hine self­regulating, the electro-magnet is ,.Iways used. The difficulty of making perma­nent magnets of uniform strength is an­other reason of their not being used more extensively.

T.H£ O'rHF;R·SlDF;.

BY J. A, EDGI~RTUN.

It may be easy for those with wealth tu sing of the pleasures ot life,

For wealth means pleasurc and comfort and ease and others to carry you through;

But; given a life with mouths to fed and the means to be wrung from a strife,

'.vith every man's hand against you, and the weight to be carried beside

Of the parasites Iianging.abo\'e vou, and the best that Y')U could do, '

To endlessly laher--for what ?--for the leave to labor 011 till you dicli,

Would you feel that such a iife would be a. meed of endless delight?

But there is pleasure and thi5 it is, to labor on for the right.

The w~rld is raving: "keep still," to us; it has ever raved the same;

But thought is free,and the way's to be cleared, so we're going to work it through,

Whoever a coward and faint-heart is, let him cow to-~he \\;orld and---shame !

But whoever has manhood, a warm heart and strength; whose nature is al\ true blue,

Come on, we wi\! go where the way is rough and try what good we can do;

We will go our way cheerily, boys, and laugh at the world's cold spite.

For -there is a pleasure and this it is, to labor on for the right,

Man never began on the path of progress to stop when he got thus far.

V' e have but started; wc're gvi.ng ahead, in spite of the piping \'oice

Of each poor, old croaker. w1:o wheezes and whines, to wh(lil1 e\'ery straw is abilT

Th~t he cannOl get ('ver. Away with such. \Ve will sf!ize the hanner, boys,

And go on mounting tile hill ot Hope, whcl'e a \-UicE is crying-, . "Kejoice,

The morn is bic:1king, the world is wak­ing-," Checi ity ~eIJJ the ny

Th~ world aroui',...! to the fan!;('st counq, till it pierc(;s th" fal;lhest skj"

(November

Onward, on! Never let up, while a tyrant is ie!! in sight;

For there is a pleasure and this it is, to labor for the right.

HIS gUANDARY.

An old Irish laborer walked into the luxurious studio of William Keith, the artist, a few davs ago and asked for maney to obtain a meal. He explained that he had just been discharged from the COUiltv hospital and ,was too weak to work. Mr. Keith gave hIm a quarter and he departe<i. Ont: of four young ladies, art students, who were present, said: .. M~, Keith, can't we hire that old man and sketch·him ?" Keith ran out and caught him, and said: "If. you cant work and w:mt to make a dollar come back to mv rooms. The young ladies want to pa,int yo'u," The Jrisilmanhesitd­ted, so KeIth remarked: "It wun't take long, and it's an easy way to inake a-dol­lar," "Oi know thill,"· was the reply; "but Oi was a ",onderin' how th' de .... i1 Oi'd git th' paint off afterwards."

The Social Democracy colony in \Vash-­ington is nuw an accomplished fact. The co-operative brotherhood which was organ­ized and incorporated under the laws of the state of Washington by natic>Rill officers of the Social Democracy of :Vmt:rica, to carryon the work of colonizing in this state, has made the selection of a colon\' site .and secured its land. The ofticers of the company were elected at a reCl"'nt meeting. of the board of director~, and ·re­suited in the selection of tlte following: President, J. S, Ingalls of :'Ilinnesoto; vice­preSIdent, J. C. DeArmond of ColoradQ; secretary, Cyrus Field Willard of Mass­achusetts; treasurer, ,P. H, McKernan of Washington; auditor, J. B, Fowler of \Vashington. An office was immediatel)" secured at room No. 520 Pioneer building, Seattle. Arrangements have been com-" pleted by which about 1,000 acres will be secured on Henderson Bay, aholit fi~'e miles from Olalla, and' conditions are such that in the neighborhood of 2,000 more acres can be secured if deemed advisable .. "\Ve expect," says Secretary \Villard, "now to bring in thousands of'honest and industrious American citizens from tbe east to build up happy and conteuted.homes, for themselves and to increase the wealth and population of this great Empirs -State of the Northwest." .

Directory of Unions.

Secrdaries will please furnish the necessary in­formation to Jnakf" thi::; directory complete. Note lhat the time and place of meeting, the name of the Presic\cllt, the lIan~~s illld addre~ses oftheo Re\..~rd­ing and .. "ioancial Secretaries are required.

No, 1:, St, I.ouis, Mo.-Meets every Monday at ~I Market st. Pres., S. M Keeble, 261S Rutger st.; st.; R. S, w. J- Squires. 2816 Washiugton av.; F. S., P. C. 1'ish, 1927 N. 15th st.

NO.2, Milwaukee, Wis.-Meets every Friday 81 ~98 Pourth st. Pres., Joe Harris;. F. S., J. H. WhIte.' ,

NO.3, St. I.ou!s,IIIo.--Meetse,'erySatuday at I"';ghtstol1e's Hfdl, Ilth and Franklin av. Prr:s. A. P. Blackford, 131.h aud r.haket. care Garfield Hutt5e; R.S., r. L. Cuthl>UI, 2027 Pine 51.; F. S .• 1>:. H.llocck. J350 Kennerly 51.

.No. 4, New Orleans, I.a,-"feets lsi nnd 3~1 'ruesdays at Carondelet and P"rdido sts. Pre5 .• J. l\tcGregoT, 2111 Runst!au st.; R. S., C. M. Halt:. 6,30 St. \\fary st.; F. S .• R. B. Joyce. 331 S. Bassin 51.

NO.5, Pittsbus-g', Pa.·-Meets e,'ery Fridnv night ill Schmt:Tl7. Uldi{., cor. \Vaterand l'liuket 5tS. )')r~s., Geo. M. Rudolph, 154 Herron av~., Pitl~hurg, l'a.; R. S J Frauk. I.llnuey, 301 Robin!;OD f-t I An~· gheny. Pa.; F. S., Fre:! H_ WilIsd~rn, 34 Sand".ky st., Alleghen,V. Pa.

N'o_ 6, San Fs-ancisco, Cal.-Meets 2d and 4th W~dn~,days at Foresters' Hall. 20 Eddy sl. I'r •.•.• Wm. Barston. 2J4 Union st.; H.. S., A. A. WhHfield, G32 NntoruRsL; F. S., R. P. Gale. Ic08 Hyde st.

NO.7, Sp's-ingfield, Mass. - Meets e"ery Weduesday .. t roorn 14 Barnes Blk. Pres .. r,. T. McGilvrey, 30 Besse Pl.; R. S .• T. J. Lynch. l03 SheriJan st. Chicopee Palls. Mass.; 1'. S .• M. 1'ar­-:-ell, .59 IHo,d .t.

No.8, Toledo, O.-Meets every 1\[00d3yat Pritadship Hall Prc~" C. \V. 5ch~1islell. lS~6 OUa 1ario ~t ; 1<. S., W. ·H. K(·~ter, 701 South !it.; F. S., F. M. GCDsbechler. 7:3 Coll>urn st.

NO.9, Chio:ago, IU.-1If .. ~ts every Saturday at 106 E. R&ndolph st. Pr~s .• W. A. Jackson, 197 S. Jefferson st ; 101.. S .. C D. Halt. ~815 Union av.; F. S .• J. Dtiscoll. 77 Fuller st.

No. ro, India1l9p01ls, Ind.-Meets 1st and 3d Mondays at 29~ W. Pearl st. Pres .• Johu Den'y, eare bdqrs. Fire De;>l.: ". S, E. 1'. Busselle. care N. Tel. Co.; F. S .• E;. C. Hartung. rooms S eydo­ratna Bldg.

No. u:, Greater New York-Pres .• James n. A. ~fcHvoy, 310 !.!;. 371h st., New York; R. S., E;c.y.-an.l L. Miller. 49 W. 114th st., New York; F. S., Frauk B. Smith. 61 ~~ Lyuch st., Brooklyn.

No. I7, Detroit, Mich.-Meets every Tuesday night at NO.9 C"dillac sq. Pres. R. Scanlnn, 9U Porter st.; R. S .• Frank Cnrupb~n. J80 Debois st.; F. ·S., P. Andrich. 985 Van Dyke av.

No_ IS, Kansas City, Mo.-Meets every Friday night, Labor hdqrs .. I I17 Walnut st. Pres, F. Hohn. 7~1 Del. st .• K. C .• Kan.; R. S., F. J. Schadel. 612 Wall st., Y... C., Mo.: }1. S .• W. L. Hutchinson. 1605 Harris,,"; st.. K. C. J ~ro.

. No. 1:9, Atchison, Kan.-Pres .• 1'.1. Roth. 906 N. Tellth st.; R. S.,S. Wicksham; F. S .• R. C. Easton.

No, 22, Omaha, Neb,-Meets .,very 1St and 3d Werluesdays at f.abor Temple, 17th & Dougla,' sts. Pres I J. S. 1'obia~, 29z3 S. J8th st.; R. S., r. c. I'chueider. 1706 S. Ijth st.; F. S .• P. L. Myers, 711 N. 16tb st.

No, 23, St. Paul, Minn.-Pres., J. H. Road-1 .. ollse, 1,50 5!lerburu~ nY.; R. S., E. B. Powers, 951 Bradley st.; F. S .• A. H. Garrett. 201 W. C. st.

No, 24, MillneapoHs, Minn. - Pres .• O. R. Shortall; R. S., W. r. Heywood. 16 E. 26th st.; F. S .• 1'. H. C. Wood. 2731 'fremont avo S.

No. 25, Duluth, Minn.- Meets 2d and 4th Thursdays at room 6, Banniug Blk. Pres .• R. l'bayer, 24 '1'hird av.; R. S .• L. 1'. Runkle. 17 Norris B1k.; P. S .• Jas. F. Owens, 414 E. First st.

No. 26, Washington, D. C.-Meets every Sat­urday 81 618 LouisiRlla ElY. Pres., Jobn hoffecker, 1007 N. CaroHlla avo S. 1;;.; R. S., J. C 0'Counel!,930 E. st .• N. \'i/.: F. S .• G. A. JIIalone, 48 L. st., N. W.

No. 27, Dnltlmore, M_ D,-Meets every Mon­dey lit Hall cor Fayette and Park avs. Pres., D. J. l-l;!ltrctte, ~o30 N. Bn>auway; r:. S., J. P. Jones, u51 N. Mouut 5t.; F. SoO F. II Russell. 1408 Asquith st.

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

No. 30, Cincinnati, 0.-:l1eets .. t and ~d Mon· days at ~3'5 I-~. Coun st, Pres. Thos Sp~lhsey I 425 \V. 4th 5t: R. 5., john fl. Harmuth, 2158 Vernon st.; F. S:, Gt!\;:. R. .i:hkl~!"bra!!d, B:~:;;:J-;!OU }lees.:, 3d and Eroaoway. -

No. 3:1:, AnaC"Vc.ii, j.lont.-Pres., '''. J. Leou­u~d, cart" Elect. Lif?,'!it Co.; P. S.~ H. Jorgeus, 6':2 Plll~ st.

lio. 3Z.l>urliJJgt('n, la.-Pre •. , G. M. Cunni!lg !Jam, 351 and 35J Fronl 5l : R. S., Hugh Ward. 1006 Spruce st ; F. S .• AI. Fox.. 637 S. Fiflh st.

No. 35, Boston, lIIass.-:lle"ls every Wedne.­day al 49 Benn",t 5t Pres. M. BurninghalU, 284 N. B~acon 5t, Rrighton: R. S .. J. F. Phelps. 75 Wal­d<:ck st., D<.lr; F. S .• W. C. Woodward. 10 Church st.

No. 36, Sacs-amento, Cal.-Meets 1St and 3d Tues lays 3t For.,ste~5· Hall. Pres .. J. S. Marsh. 600 7th ot ; R. S., O. Buckins. 1415 D st.; F. S .• R. A. Fisk, 804 K st.

No, 37, Hartford, Conu.-Meets e"ery Wednes­day at 603 :llam st. Pr .. ~ .. F. H. Roberts, 87 High st.; R. S .• W. n Maloy, 6S 'Retreat av.; F. S .• John J. Tracy. 58 Temple st. .

No. 38, Cleveland, O.-:lleets every Wednes­day night at 356 Olltario ~t. Pres., Geo. H. Gleason. II'; Maple st ; R. S ,C. J. Minch. 16 Salzer st.; F. S .• A. Herron, 4 Wallace st.

No. 40, St. Joseph, Mo.-~feets every Thurs­day night at Brokaw Hall. 8th and Locust sts. Pres .• Frank P. St. Ciair, R'y Co.: R. S., \VlU. T. Dorsel. R'y Co.; F. S., J. C. SChneider, City Ekc. St. Co.

No, 41:, Buffalo, N_Y.--Meetsevery wednesday at Counc,l Hall. Pres .. l'has. K 1'aylor, 7 Yale pl.; R. S., Geo. W. Bass, 169 Vermont st.; F. S .• H. 1If. Scott. 363 N. Morgan st.

No. 42, Utica, N. Y.-Pres. J. H. Smith; R. 5 .• W. 1'. Carter.6S Neilson st.; F. S .• F. J. Murphy. 272 Third 8\·.

No. 43, Sytacnse, N. Y,-Meets 1st and 3d Tue..ctays at. !IIcCarthy's Hall, Market st., opp. City Hall. Pres., A. DODol'an, 310 Niagara st.; 1<.. S., F. N_ Stiles, 734R R. R. S.; F. S., Wm. H. Gough. 108 Hawthorne st.

No. 44, Rochester, N. Y.-Meets 2d and 4tb Wednesdays at Odd Fellows' Hall. State st. Pres., JOlin Kcnealy. So 1'n:nk sl.; I~. S • John "'01 IT. 9 Cedar st.; F. S., Fred Martin, 50 Champlain st.

·No. 45, Bttffalo, N. Y.-Meets 1St and 3d Sat­urda)s at Couucil Hall. Pre:::., John ~Iarion, care W. U.:r. Co.; R. S., John Daly; 1'. S .• M. E. Stables, 46 RaIl st. .

No. 46, LoweU, Mass.-Meets every Thursday at 202 Mt!rrimack r-t., 3d floor, room 5. Pr~~" L~s· h r G. Hall. P. O. Box 292; R. S., II. L. Whitney, 6 Puffe. av.: P S., R. V. Cole. liig MI. Hope st .• Paw-tuckellville, Mass. •

No. 47, Wore estes-, Mass, - Meets every We,h,esday eveuing at 306 Main Sl. Pres., S. A. Slout. 130 Austiu SI.: R. S .• V_ V. Reed. 61 Myrtle st.: F. S., Chas. C. Coghlin. 113 West st.

No, 48, Decatus-, -XU.-Meets at Cigarmakers' Hall, E. Main st. Pres .• J. B lIIulf'nix,6II Spring st.; P. S .• F. E. Aldrich. lIS Wood st.

NO.4!:. Chicago, IU.-Pres .• F. J. Struble; R. S .• W. J. Dempsey, 376 Austin a v.; P. S .• Cbas. lJ;. Fowler, 219 W. Congress sl.

No_ 52, Davenport, lao-Meets 1st and 3d Tues­days. Pres., A. L· Wheeler. Atlantic Hotel; R. S .• J. H. Clarke. 215 Iowa st.

No. 53, Harrlsbus-g, Pa.-Pres., C. A. Swager. 1I5~ Market st.; R S .• Jl!.s. h;mminger. 25 N. 15th st.; F. S .• C. Andrrson. 46 Summitt st.

No. 55, Des Moines, la.-Meets every Thurs­day night at Trades Assembly Hall. Pres, J. Fitz­gerald, 19'4 !';;ner 5t; R. S .. C. C. Ford. 715 Scott st.; F. S • M. O. Tracey. 212 Raceon st.

No. 56, Erie, Pa.-Meets 1St and 3d Wedues­day!'. Pres .. John Disbrow, IClt6Sassafrnsst.i.R. S J

J.. ~. Carsol' .• 303 Frencb st.; F. S. H. M. Kistner, 7 E. 7th st. .

No. 57, Salt I.ak;e City, Utah-Sec'y. R. Blair, care Citizens' E. L. Co.

No. 60, Sall Antonio, Tex.-Meets 1st and 3d Saturdays at a p. tn' .• in Painters' Han, 131 Soldud st. Pres., Roy S. Cushman, 409 \V}'oming st.; R. S., W. P. AJ1derson. 414 btn st.; F. S .• III. E. McElroy. Ii'S \V. ConI lueree st.

No, 61:, Los A.nP.'''les,Cal.-Pr~ .. 1'. Buchanan, .lC;7 N. Main st.; R. oS.: W. A.. Wo",ch-.. Box: 84 Station B; F. S .• S. L. Br"s~, 432 Colylon st.

No. 6z, :&ala"" .. ",oo, Mich.-r'res., Leon Dell­man, I!'J2 Pen";':"" st.; -R. S" "'m. Thp.ckery, 1233 Portage st.; P. S .• L. Burnell. 116 N. Chu:cb st.

. Nr,. 63, WI'JTe!!, Pa,-Me~ 1st and 3d Wednes­day. cl D. O. H. Hall. cor. 2ct and Liberty sIS. Pres .• F. V:. Terry, 414 l.,nurel &L; k. S., W. A. Pulliam, Y,xehar.ge Hotel.

No. Gis, Butte, Mont.-:\teet. 2d and 4th '\Veduesdays in Good Temp!ars' Hall Pres .. E. A. eh«ry, Care Mout. E Co.; R. S .• W. C. Medhursl, P_ O. Box R46; E. M. DeMers. P. O. Box 846.

No. 66, I1ouston, TeX.-Meets 1st and 3d Mon­day.. l'res .• R. R. TriPI>: R. S., \1.'. P. Johmon. Telephone Office; F. S., G. 0_ Wood, 1203 Capit~l avenue.

No_ 67, Qnincy, IU,-Meets 2d and 4th Wednes­days al Trades Assemblv Hall, S. 8th st. Pres .• W. F. Wag-uer. 551 Locust st.; r •. O. Constanz. 401 S.9th ~t: C. n. Mc=-cmee. sIt S. 7th sl.

No. 68, Denves-, Col.-:lfeets Monday nights at '731 Arapho st .• Cluo Bldg.; Pres .• Chas. Salls­tr?D1, lOS' og·len st ; R. S .. C. W Armstroug, 2455 r.lUcohl av.; F_ S .• H. T_ Clark. 808 14th st.

No_ 69, DaUas, Tex,-Meels e""ry Tuesday e'\'enir,g at i.ahor Hall. }tres., W. B. Courtu~y, 120 Emma st.: It. S., C. E. Bos:on, 143 }o:mma st.; F. S.,· I'. F. Di1.rnes, COJnwt'rce and Prather 5t5.

No. 70, Sptlngfield, 111.-l\feets 1st aud 3d Thur~da\·s. Carpent .. rs· Hall. S. 4th st. Pres .• Fred Millel. ;;,tnley Hotel; R. 5., ChR.'. Danilson. illS 1>:­Jackson .t.; F. S., S. Phillips. 84' N. 3d st.

No. 71:, Galveston, Tex.-M .... I~ 2d and 4th Thur.d~\·s, Cooks and Watters' Hall. 23rl st • be· tween !Vl6rket and Mechan'c. Pres. J. F. Payne. 1~28 .. ,. st.; R. S. D. L. Goble. 3320 R. Xi st.; }o'. S., D. K. Garrett, 1204 39tb st.

No. 72, Waco, Tex.-Meets.d ~"d 4th Wednes­days at I.nbor Hall. Pre ... E. P. :.lcBrooJU. S. W. Tel ~x.; R. :i .• G. R. Lockhart. 931 ". 6th st.; F. S., Joseph He·dges. 728 S. 6th st.

No. 73, Spokane, Wash_-Meels 1St and 3d ,\Vedno"day, in K.ofP. Hall, 816 River~ide avo Pres., Eli H~nslt:y, 218 Riverside av.; R. S., G. Pagel, P. O. Box 6.35; F. S •• C. C. Van Inwegen. P. O. Box 635-

No. 74, Winc.na, Minn.-R. S .. Harr); P. Tel­gRte. 6II Wilson st.: F. S .• Josepb Trnutner. 620 R_ 3rd st.

No_ 7:;, Grand Rap!c!s, Micll.-Meets 1St attd 3d Sncday •• Pres .• A. D. Mel.dlan. 29 ~. Bridge st.; R S,C. Burns, car~ Citiz~us' Tel. Co.; F. S., C. E. l·oat. 167 SI. Clair st.

No. 76, Tacoma, Wash.-l're,,-. "''I'm. Kane, tI36 D st_: R. S., W_ J- I.O\·e. 113 loth st.; F. S .• In •. Murray. IllS D Sl.

No. 77, Seattle, Wash.-Pres.. J.'J. ~railland. 231 Pontius "V ; R_ S •• C. H. Raudall. SIS .<1 av.; G_ G. Jenkins. 1319 14ih avo

No. 78, Saginaw, ~Ik1t..-Pre •.. Jss. Hodgins 308 N. PrankHIi ~t.: R S .. Joh" Stracf,an. 336 N. 2d st.; F. S., C!Jn~_ Ross, P. O. Box 225~.:;' ..

No. 801 Cleveland, O.-Pres .• A. A. McDonald. s96 Snp'!nor "t.; R. S .•. Maud 1IIyle~, :86 23d av.; F. S .• N.Hall.

Members of the Cleveland Retail CJerk;;' Association, who were looking for e\'idcnce testcrday against violators of the Sunday ,abor law. did not have any trouble secur­ing it. Nearly all of the clothiers who ha-ve bc:t'n in the habit of keeping their places (;f business open Sundav morning from S 10 12 o'c1ock did so last Sunday.

\. TECHNICAL 50 CENTS EDUCATION A WEEK' J!'orfldoWD and fSamonth.wa give L.1f JWlJUTlQlI in:

ELECTRICITY 8&euI EaJlaetrioCj llecbaaical Of Chil &ac!aerl.c: aefri,..-ra~ioo; C"emish7: IIluhs.;: . i. Arcll"ecc.ra ..... lIclt.ukal Dr..iD,;' Sur .. e,IDC .. AU' ~ ... M&pplOl'i Sa. flat, PI.mbins; .&rchit~ctl:r~: I U a;bee' )lttal PaLl,era Dr.niul; PtMpuctillK;' S"I' .... kb.plDIO Sbenband: Ea;U5b. )Sraucba.

~ .... ~ GUARANTEED SUCCESS. 1l"e Ita .. belpe4 tho •• a:". 100 bc.:tler poo;!rtou". Cirovtar ,,...; S •• te ",'jed 'ow lO'i." tf) Stud~. ..!':!....

-..uftal \:enM __ !;ok.., lin 1029_"" ....

A PORTABLE

CLIMAX -or- ~

A Long Look for .. p_ • ...,.""'. -Loring's Loss.

A Complete Story with an Appendix of Useful infor­mation, by

ROBERT G. WRIGHT, Practical Electrician.

This book sent post paid, on receipt of Price, 25 Cents.

Address ELECTRICAL WORKER,

731 P~ers Bldg., Rochester. N. Y.

ELECTRICAL WORKERS fiend In Your OrdeN for

EMBLEMATIC BUTTONS ....

. A Large Supply on hanJ.. Suliil Gold, $1: each. Rolled Gold, Soc. each.

H. W. SH~R.:>lAN, 731 Powers Block, Rochester, N. Y.

Pari highest commission on club501 six or more. Postal brings SAMPLE COpy or estimates on

snaRAL PBI1\JTI1U~ UROR n.s.q n V

~ ~ [; ft·· ',:'.

t t:j and are there- \.

l -I" tore making a spe- \

, ./ cia! trial rate. for a \ ':if limited tlmtJ, which you \ ; -' can find out about by writ- \.

; 1&g us.' If Interested In ~'.:./: ele-:trlclty send for flee samplo ~ COllY of the

~ ~~!~~~N!~~,~T,~~~ . " ~~r\: .. It every week. We can fill orders .t ~.'. r. - for an:; eioctrlcal book pub- I .. ~

t~· ", lI~hed. on' reccillt of pril:e. / 1.~ ; '" Send for caU'.Iog. I' .' - .; .

r "\. ElcctrIcian Pub. Co." jl . f . 510 MSt'¢llrite, i [ Cbiu,... I :- '.

t \* I .

THE- ELECTRICAL ,WORKER [November

HUBBARD's PR.ACTICAL REFERENCE BOO~,

CONTAINING

Sectional Illustrations with Full Descriptions . -FOR-

Stationary, Marine and ·.Locomotive Engineers, Firemen, Electricians, i\'lotormen, Ice Machine Men .

and 'Oeneral Mechanics ~ , To Prepare for Civil Service or License Examinations.

:,

,:3.999. THIS work is a· book of practical infor~ation for mechanics genet:' 1 ally. It is: one· or tee most complete combinations ever puhHsheo.

The. numerous Sec:tioha! illustrations were made especially to ckarly ex­plai~ the subkcts ~under cons!deration, showing many new appIiancP.s and ckvices not shown· in any other work. The index is alphabeticaHy arranged so that any part··of a subject can be easily founa wit~out reading over a, whole. c:haPt.e.r. Everything is explained in the. rno~t simple languagE? so tlie~i:ca~ be no misunderstanding on any subject.::

Sentpostpaid.'on receipt of Price, $1.00 • .. Address Electric 'Yorker, 731 Powers· BHHdin~9

ROCHESTER, N. Y·.

·CONTENTS.

I-Elementary Prinl"ipies: Units, Ohm's Law, Watt, Kilow.att, Ampere, Turn, Hour, etc.; Potential, E.·M. F .. Voltage, Drop of Potential, Resistance (Ol'Dlic), Conductiv­ity. II-Magnetism .and 'Electro Magnetic Induction. III-Circl1it~:V~\·je~!<:s of Cir­cuits, Series, Shuut; Par:.llel·.or Mdtiple Arc, Joint Resistances of PMs)id Circl1i~s, Multiple Series, Sedes Multiple .. IV-Dynamo Electric Machine: G:>ne.<il J:>ri'lciples, Field Windings (Varieties): Se~ies, Shunt, Compound, etc.; Short Sl;~lJt, Long Shunt. V-Instructions .for Oper.ating Generators; Running a Single Generator, To Shut Down a Machine. not rtiuning in MuUiple, Sparking, Polarity, Exdtlltion, Grounds, Genera­tors ill Multiple, Connections, Running Generators in Mu1tiplt:, 1'0 Shut DU·.Vll a !lIp,­chine running' in M·uitipl.~. VI~·'fhe Electric Motor: General Prindples, Connter Electro-Motive Force 'and MechaniCal Power, Efliciencv. VII-I;:(casnr'~:!J"nts and Tests of Street R!\ilway Motors; Fanil:;, :?tIeasurement by Ih'op of Potential :i!('~uod (ex­amples); Insulation Tests;. Volt lI',eter, Method, Descriptio:1 of Volt Meter &10,1 Ammt!·· ter; Wheatstone Bridge; InstTuGtions for Operating Drpp of Potential in Motor Circuits. VIII-Instructions for Oper .. tinj1: Car Apparatns: Brushes, Sparking at Brushes, Re;;.r­ings, Bucking, Fuse' Bleck, O~l"Tat;llg Car, Trolley, etc. IX-The EleC't!'ic .'~I~tor C"t in Detail: Sedes P<lTalle1, Coni roller, Reverse Switch, Rheostat, Fl1:,e BeA:, J:.ii!htlli:c.g Arrester, Heaters. X-"- DenniHons of Terms. XI-Diagrams of Co: \,!ir!nz aed C01'1.­t.!:(:~!~!".:::: 'V:~1.1 ":"lritt:::l De~('::·~4.'~~''''·'!';~ ?ud Di~_f:r~mf. of Comhil1~t;0n~- ~.\.T<."'~~; "':~: h()uc=-=' ~:r-. tem (G, No. 14. No. :.8 and 28 A); 'General Electric {K with W. ~, NaelJiu,;;; K2};Cen­eral Electric Scrie" i'al'aliel.C )ntrollcr with Magnetic Brake); W:.iku Syw!U! \ll2, E). Steel Motor Com.pany :O;ystem. XU-General Electrical and Mec1;3!lical JJl(onuatiou: Belting, Shilft;ng, J?lll!..eys and Gears. Melting I'oint, Specific Gra,ity :l~d Rdath-e CO!l­ductivity, Tabl~ Comp:>.ring Wire Gauges, Number, Dim.ensions, Heigt:·, J,ength ann Resistance of PIll'e CopJ)er Wire, Eiectrical Units ant! Formula!;, Equh-:<lel't Carrying Capacity, l"raction>~ of an inch reduced to Mils or Thousandths. !'rco!,Cortim;s of -Gear Teeth, Notes, Hill of ;,Taren .. l [c." Span Wire Construction (Single Track, Double Track), Bracket Construction (Ringle Tr"cy., Center Pole, Do~ble TraCk). .

Bound I .. Red Leatb"", Pocl;,,·lbool;. form, with Sixteen Bh'lIk Pal-':eE fer Nut"", etc. - ~c"., P"~ll>&ld on rt'ccillt oi vrk,,·-$l.UO.

Address: ELECTRiCAL WORKER, 1J! Powers Blod~. Rochester. N. Y.